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Faralli JA, Filla MS, Yang YF, Sun YY, Johns K, Keller KE, Peters DM. Digital spatial profiling of segmental outflow regions in trabecular meshwork reveals a role for ADAM15. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298802. [PMID: 38394161 PMCID: PMC10889904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study we used a spatial transcriptomics approach to identify genes specifically associated with either high or low outflow regions in the trabecular meshwork (TM) that could potentially affect aqueous humor outflow in vivo. High and low outflow regions were identified and isolated from organ cultured human anterior segments perfused with fluorescently-labeled 200 nm FluoSpheres. The NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) platform was then used to identified genes in the paraffin embedded tissue sections from within those regions. These transcriptome analyses revealed that 16 genes were statistically upregulated in high outflow regions and 57 genes were statistically downregulated in high outflow regions when compared to low outflow regions. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the top three biological categories of these differentially expressed genes were ECM/cell adhesion, signal transduction, and transcription. The ECM/cell adhesion genes that showed the largest differential expression (Log2FC ±1.5) were ADAM15, BGN, LDB3, and CRKL. ADAM15, which is a metalloproteinase that can bind integrins, was upregulated in high outflow regions, while the proteoglycan BGN and two genes associated with integrin signaling (LDB3, and CRKL) were downregulated. Immunolabeling studies supported the differential expression of ADAM15 and showed that it was specifically upregulated in high outflow regions along the inner wall of Schlemm's canal and in the juxtacanalicular (JCT) region of the TM. In addition to these genes, the studies showed that genes for decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, and the α8 integrin subunit were enriched in high outflow regions. These studies identify several novel genes that could be involved in segmental outflow, thus demonstrating that digital spatial profiling could be a useful approach for understanding segmental flow through the TM. Furthermore, this study suggests that changes in the expression of genes involved in regulating the activity and/or organization of the ECM and integrins in the TM are likely to be key players in segmental outflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Faralli
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Filla
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Yong-Feng Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ying Ying Sun
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kassidy Johns
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kate E. Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Donna M. Peters
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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2
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Ravichandran A, Monkman J, Mehdi AM, Blick T, Snell C, Kulasinghe A, Bray LJ. The in situ transcriptomic landscape of breast tumour-associated and normal adjacent endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166985. [PMID: 38061601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is associated with increased angiogenesis, which is known to aid tumour growth and metastasis. Anti-angiogenic therapies that have been developed to target this feature have mostly generated disappointing clinical results. Further research into targeted approaches is limited by a lack of understanding of the in situ molecular profile of tumour-associated vasculature. In this study, we aimed to understand the differences in the molecular profiles of tumour endothelial cells vs normal-adjacent endothelial cells in TNBC tissues. METHOD We have applied unbiased whole transcriptome spatial profiling of in situ gene expressions of endothelial cells localized in full-face patient TNBC tissues (n = 4) and normal-adjacent regions of the same patient breast tissues. RESULTS Our comparative analysis revealed that 2412 genes were differentially expressed (padj < 0.05) between the tumour endothelial cells and normal-adjacent endothelial cells. Pathway enrichment showed the enrichment of gene sets related to cell-cell, cell-ECM adhesion, chromatin organization and remodeling, and protein-DNA complex subunit organization. CONCLUSION Overall, the results revealed unique molecular profiles and signalling pathways of tumour-associated vasculature, which is a critical step towards larger cohort studies investigating potential targets for TNBC prognosis and anti-angiogenic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
| | - James Monkman
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ahmed M Mehdi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Queensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation Ltd, Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tony Blick
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Cameron Snell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Mater Pathology, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Health Services, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Laura J Bray
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Centre for the Personalised Analysis of Cancers, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, QLD 4102, Australia; Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
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3
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Gan X, Zeng Y, Huang J, Chen X, Kang H, Huang S. Tumor-Derived Sarcopenia Factors Are Diverse in Different Tumor Types: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:329. [PMID: 38397931 PMCID: PMC10887289 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated muscle wasting is a widespread syndrome in people with cancer and is characterized by weight loss and muscle atrophy, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, the tumor-derived factors that affect the development of muscle wasting and the mechanism by which they act remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to delineate differences in tumor molecular characteristics (especially secretion characteristics) between patients with and without sarcopenia across 10 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We integrated radiological characteristics from CT scans of TCGA cancer patients, which allowed us to calculate skeletal muscle area (SMA) to confirm sarcopenia. We combined TCGA and GTEx (The Genotype-Tissue Expression) data to analyze upregulated secretory genes in 10 tumor types compared with normal tissues. Upregulated secretory genes in the tumor microenvironment and their relation to SMA were analyzed to identify potential muscle wasting biomarkers (560 samples). Meanwhile, their predictive values for patient survival was validated in 3530 samples in 10 tumor types. A total of 560 participants with transcriptomic data and SMA were included. Among those, 136 participants (24.28%) were defined as having sarcopenia based on SMA. Enrichment analysis for upregulated secretory genes in cancers revealed that pathways associated with muscle wasting were strongly enriched in tumor types with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia. A series of SMA-associated secretory protein-coding genes were identified in cancers, which showed distinct gene expression profiles according to tumor type, and could be used to predict prognosis in cancers (p value ≤ 0.002). Unfortunately, those genes were different and rarely overlapped across tumor types. Tumor secretome characteristics were closely related to sarcopenia. Highly expressed secretory mediators in the tumor microenvironment were associated with SMA and could affect the overall survival of cancer patients, which may provide a valuable starting point for the further understanding of the molecular basis of muscle wasting in cancers. More importantly, tumor-derived pro-sarcopenic factors differ across tumor types and genders, which implies that mechanisms of cancer-associated muscle wasting are complex and diverse across tumors, and may require individualized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Yunqian Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Hao Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Shuaiwen Huang
- Department of General Practice, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Behera RN, Bisht VS, Giri K, Ambatipudi K. Realm of proteomics in breast cancer management and drug repurposing to alleviate intricacies of treatment. Proteomics Clin Appl 2023; 17:e2300016. [PMID: 37259687 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202300016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a multi-networking heterogeneous disease, has emerged as a serious impediment to progress in clinical oncology. Although technological advancements and emerging cancer research studies have mitigated breast cancer lethality, a precision cancer-oriented solution has not been achieved. Thus, this review will persuade the acquiescence of proteomics-based diagnostic and therapeutic options in breast cancer management. Recently, the evidence of breast cancer health surveillance through imaging proteomics, single-cell proteomics, interactomics, and post-translational modification (PTM) tracking, to construct proteome maps and proteotyping for stage-specific and sample-specific cancer subtyping have outperformed conventional ways of dealing with breast cancer by increasing diagnostic efficiency, prognostic value, and predictive response. Additionally, the paradigm shift in applied proteomics for designing a chemotherapy regimen to identify novel drug targets with minor adverse effects has been elaborated. Finally, the potential of proteomics in alleviating the occurrence of chemoresistance and enhancing reprofiled drugs' effectiveness to combat therapeutic obstacles has been discussed. Owing to the enormous potential of proteomics techniques, the clinical recognition of proteomics in breast cancer management can be achievable and therapeutic intricacies can be surmountable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama N Behera
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vinod S Bisht
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kuldeep Giri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
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5
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Sgarzi M, Mazzeschi M, Santi S, Montacci E, Panciera T, Ferlizza E, Girone C, Morselli A, Gelfo V, Kuhre RS, Cavallo C, Valente S, Pasquinelli G, Győrffy B, D'Uva G, Romaniello D, Lauriola M. Aberrant MET activation impairs perinuclear actin cap organization with YAP1 cytosolic relocation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1044. [PMID: 37838732 PMCID: PMC10576810 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the signaling network responsible for the organization of the perinuclear actin cap, a recently identified structure holding unique roles in the regulation of nuclear shape and cell directionality. In cancer cells expressing a constitutively active MET, we show a rearrangement of the actin cap filaments, which crash into perinuclear patches associated with spherical nuclei, meandering cell motility and inactivation of the mechano-transducer YAP1. MET ablation is sufficient to reactivate YAP1 and restore the cap, leading to enhanced directionality and flattened nuclei. Consistently, the introduction of a hyperactive MET in normal epithelial cells, enhances nuclear height and alters the cap organization, as also confirmed by TEM analysis. Finally, the constitutively active YAP1 mutant YAP5SA is able to overcome the effects of oncogenic MET. Overall, our work describes a signaling axis empowering MET-mediated YAP1 dampening and actin cap misalignment, with implications for nuclear shape and cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Sgarzi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Spartaco Santi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS-Institute Orthopaedic Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Montacci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Enea Ferlizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Girone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Gelfo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rikke Sofie Kuhre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carola Cavallo
- Laboratory of Preclinical Studies for Regenerative Medicine of the Musculoskeletal System (RAMSES), (IRCCS) Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Balazs Győrffy
- Semmelweis University Dept. of Bioinformatics and 2nd Dept. Of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Bologna University Hospital Authority St. Orsola -Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.
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Yuan K, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Xu Y, Xian S. Anchoring Filament Protein Ladinin-1 is an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment and Cold Tumor Correlated Prognosticator in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:2173-2202. [PMID: 37005975 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Anchoring filament protein ladinin-1 (LAD1) codes for an anchor filament protein in the basement membrane. Here, we have aimed to determine its potential role in LUAD. According to the comprehensive analyses conducted in this study, we studied the expression, prognostic significance, function, methylation, copy number variations, and the immune cell infiltration of LAD1 in LUAD. A higher level of LAD1 gene expression was observed in the LUAD tumor tissues compared to the normal lung tissues (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the multivariate analysis indicated that a higher LAD1 gene expression level was the independent prognostic factor. Additionally, the DNA methylation level of the LAD1 was inversely linked to its expression (p < 0.001). We noted that the patients affected due to LAD1 hypomethylation showed a very low overall survival rate compared to the patients with a higher LAD1 methylation score (p < 0.05). Moreover, the results of the immunity analysis indicated that the LAD1 expression might be inversely linked to the immune cell infiltration degree, expression of the infiltrated immune cells, and the PD-L1 levels. Lastly, we supplemented some verification to increase the rigor of the study. The results suggested that high expression of LAD1 may be related to cold tumors. Hence, this indirectly reflects that the immunotherapy effect of LUAD patients with high LAD1 expression might be worse. Based on the role played by the LAD1 in the tumor immune microenvironment, it can be considered a potential biomarker for predicting the immunotherapy response to LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610095, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Yilin Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Yuanji Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Shuang Xian
- China Drug Development and Medical Affairs Center, Eli Lilly and Company, Shanghai, 20040, China.
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7
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Jiang Y, Feng Y, Huang J, Huang Z, Tan R, Li T, Chen Z, Tang X, Qiu J, Li C, Chen H, Yang Z. LAD1 promotes malignant progression by diminishing ubiquitin-dependent degradation of vimentin in gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:632. [PMID: 37718450 PMCID: PMC10506284 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ladinin-1 (LAD1), an anchoring filament protein, has been associated with several cancer types, including cancers of the colon, lungs, and breast. However, it is still unclear how and why LAD1 causes gastric cancer (GC). METHODS Multiple in vitro and in vivo, functional gains and loss experiments were carried out in the current study to confirm the function of LAD1. Mass spectrometry was used to find the proteins that interact with LAD1. Immunoprecipitation analyses revealed the mechanism of LAD1 involved in promoting aggressiveness. RESULTS The results revealed that the LAD1 was overexpressed in GC tissues, and participants with increased LAD1 expression exhibited poorer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Functionally, LAD1 promotes cellular invasion, migration, proliferation, and chemoresistance in vivo and in vitro in the subcutaneous patient-and cell-derived xenograft (PDX and CDX) tumor models. Mechanistically, LAD1 competitively bound to Vimentin, preventing it from interacting with the E3 ubiquitin ligase macrophage erythroblast attacher (MAEA), which led to a reduction in K48-linked ubiquitination of Vimentin and an increase in Vimentin protein levels in GC cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the current investigation indicated that LAD1 has been predicted as a possible prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC due to its ability to suppress Vimentin-MAEA interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingming Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanchun Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Jintuan Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenze Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongchang Tan
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Tuoyang Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Zijian Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaocheng Tang
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Chujun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zuli Yang
- Department of Gastric Surgery Section 2, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of Thyroid Hernia Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China.
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8
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Matas-Nadal C, Bech-Serra JJ, Gatius S, Gomez X, Ribes-Santolaria M, Guasch-Vallés M, Pedraza N, Casanova JM, Gómez CDLT, Garí E, Aguayo-Ortiz RS. Biomarkers found in the tumor interstitial fluid may help explain the differential behavior among keratinocyte carcinomas. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100547. [PMID: 37059366 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal Cell Carcinomas (BCC) and cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas (SCC) are the most frequent types of cancer, and both originate from the keratinocyte transformation, giving rise to the group of tumors called keratinocyte carcinomas (KC). The invasive behavior is different in each group of KC and may be influenced by their tumor microenvironment. The principal aim of the study is to characterize the protein profile of the Tumor Interstitial Fluid (TIF) of KC to evaluate changes in the microenvironment that could be associated with their different invasive and metastatic capabilities. We obtained TIF from 27 skin biopsies and conducted a label-free quantitative proteomic analysis comparing 7 BCCs, 16 SCCs, and 4 Normal Skins. A total of 2945 proteins were identified, 511 of them quantified in more than half of the samples of each tumoral type. The proteomic analysis revealed differentially expressed TIF-proteins that could explain the different metastatic behavior in both KC. In detail, the SCC samples disclosed an enrichment of proteins related to cytoskeleton, such as Stratafin and Ladinin1. Previous studies found their up-regulation positively correlated with tumor progression. Furthermore, the TIF of SCC samples was enriched with the cytokines S100A8/S100A9. These cytokines influence the metastatic output in other tumors through the activation of NF-kB signaling. According to this, we observed a significant increase in nuclear NF-kB subunit p65 in SCCs but not in BCCs. In addition, the TIF of both tumors was enriched with proteins involved in the immune response, highlighting the relevance of this process in the composition of the tumor environment. Thus, the comparison of the TIF composition of both KC provides the discovery of a new set of differential biomarkers. Among them, secreted cytokines such as S100A9 may help explain the higher aggressiveness of SCCs, while Cornulin is a specific biomarker for BCCs. Finally, the proteomic landscape of TIF provides key information on tumor growth and metastasis, which can contribute to the identification of clinically applicable biomarkers that may be used in the diagnosis of KC, as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Matas-Nadal
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dermatology department. Hospital Santa Caterina, Salt, Girona.
| | - Joan J Bech-Serra
- Proteomics Unit, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Servei d'anatomia patològica, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida
| | - Xavier Gomez
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida
| | - Marina Ribes-Santolaria
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida
| | - Marta Guasch-Vallés
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida
| | - Neus Pedraza
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida
| | - Josep M Casanova
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida; Servei de Dermatologia, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida
| | | | - Eloi Garí
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida
| | - Rafael S Aguayo-Ortiz
- Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida); Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Lleida; Servei de Dermatologia, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida; Cell cycle lab. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida)
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9
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Gigante E, Cazier H, Albuquerque M, Laouirem S, Beaufrère A, Paradis V. MALDI Imaging, a Powerful Multiplex Approach to Decipher Intratumoral Heterogeneity: Combined Hepato-Cholangiocarcinomas as Proof of Concept. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072143. [PMID: 37046807 PMCID: PMC10093162 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined hepato-cholangiocarcinomas (cHCC-CCA) belong to the spectrum of primary liver carcinomas, which include hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCA) at both ends of the spectrum. Mainly due to the high intratumor heterogeneity of cHCC-CCA, its diagnosis and pathological description remain challenging. Taking advantage of in situ non-targeted molecular mapping provided by MALDI (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization) imaging, we sought to develop a multiscale and multiparametric morphological approach, integrating molecular and conventional pathological analysis. MALDI imaging was applied to five representative cases of resected cHCC-CCA. Principal component analysis and segmentations with MALDI imaging techniques identified areas related to either iCCA or HCC and also hidden tumor areas not visible microscopically. In addition, the overlap between MALDI segmentation and immunostaining provided a comprehensive description of cHCC-CCA tumor heterogeneity by identifying transitional and micro-metastatic areas. Moreover, a list of peptides derived from in silico digestion was obtained for each immunohistochemical marker and was matched within the peptide peak list acquired by MALDI. Comparison of immunostaining images with ions from in silico digestion revealed an accurate identification of iCCA and HCC areas. Our study provides further evidence on the performance of MALDI imaging in exploring intratumor heterogeneity and offering virtual multiplex immunostaining through a single acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Gigante
- Centre de Recherche sur L'inflammation, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
- Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie et Cancérologie Digestive, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-51090 Reims, France
| | - Hélène Cazier
- Centre de Recherche sur L'inflammation, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
- Plateforme iMAP, Centre de Recherche sur L'inflammation, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Miguel Albuquerque
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, FHU MOSAIC, Hôpital Beaujon, F-92110 Clichy, France
| | - Samira Laouirem
- Centre de Recherche sur L'inflammation, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Beaufrère
- Centre de Recherche sur L'inflammation, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, FHU MOSAIC, Hôpital Beaujon, F-92110 Clichy, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Centre de Recherche sur L'inflammation, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, FHU MOSAIC, Hôpital Beaujon, F-92110 Clichy, France
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10
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The Tumorigenic Effect of the High Expression of Ladinin-1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031103. [PMID: 36770773 PMCID: PMC9919345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of Ladinin-1 (LAD1), an anchoring filament protein, is largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a series of studies on the oncogenic role of LAD1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Firstly, we analyzed the aberrant expression of LAD1 in LUAD and its correlation with patient survival, tumor immune infiltration, and the activation of cancer signaling pathways. Furthermore, the relationship between LAD1 expression and K-Ras and EGF signaling activation, tumor cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation was studied by gene knockout/knockout methods. We found that LAD1 was frequently overexpressed in LUAD, and high LAD1 expression predicts a poor prognosis. LAD1 exhibits promoter hypomethylation in LUAD, which may contribute to its mRNA upregulation. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed that acquired immunity was negatively correlated with LAD1 expression, which was verified by the downregulated GO terms of "Immunoglobulin receptor binding" and "Immunoglobulin complex circulating" in the LAD1 high-expression group through Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). Notably, the Ras-dependent signature was the most activated signaling in the LAD1 high-expression group, and the phosphorylation of downstream effectors, such as ERK and c-jun, was strongly inhibited by LAD1 deficiency. Moreover, we demonstrated that LAD1 depletion significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and cell-cycle progression of LUAD cells and promoted sensitivity to Gefitinib, K-Ras inhibitor, and paclitaxel treatments. We also confirmed that LAD1 deficiency remarkably retarded tumor growth in the xenograft model. Conclusively, LAD1 is a critical prognostic biomarker for LUAD and has potential as an intervention target.
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11
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Xian D, Wu Y, Chen W, Yan Q, Wu Y. Circ_0060937 Contributes to the Development of Lung Cancer via Positively Regulating LAD1 Expression by Binding to miR-1304-5p. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-022-10322-4. [PMID: 36633773 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In view of the significance of circular RNA (circRNA) in multiple carcinogeneses, our study focused on circ_0060937 and investigated its function and molecular mechanism in lung cancer. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot assays were applied for expression analysis of circ_0060937, miR-1304-5p, LAD1, and several marker proteins. Functional experiments, including colony formation assay, EdU assay, transwell analysis, sphere formation assay, and flow cytometry experiment, were conducted for cell behavior analysis. The putative binding relationship between circ_0060937 and miR-1304-5p was validated by dual-luciferase reporter experiment and pull-down analysis. Animal models were established to ascertain the role of circ_0060937. Upregulation of circ_0060937 was shown in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Circ_0060937 downregulation repressed A549 and H1299 cell proliferative, migratory, invasive, and sphere formation abilities, and circ_0060937 absence also decelerated tumorigenesis in animal models. Circ_0060937 bound to miR-1304-5p to positively regulate LAD1 expression. The inhibitory effects of circ_0060937 absence on A549 and H1299 cell malignant behaviors were largely reversed by miR-1304-5p inhibition or LAD1 overexpression, hinting that circ_0060937 affected lung cancer progression via modulating the miR-1304-5p/LAD1 axis. Circ_0060937 downregulation decreased the expression of LAD1 by releasing miR-1304-5p to effectively repress lung cancer cell growth and in vivo tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubiao Xian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Stomatology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuechang Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China. .,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 7th Floor, Surgery Building, 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Chang CY, Huang YC, Chiang HH, Wu YY, Wu KL, Chang YY, Liu LX, Tsai YM, Hsu YL. Ladinin 1 Shortens Survival via Promoting Proliferation and Enhancing Invasiveness in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:431. [PMID: 36613882 PMCID: PMC9820746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, including in Taiwan. The poor prognosis of the advanced lung cancer lies in delayed diagnosis and non-druggable targets. It is worth paying more attention to these ongoing issues. Public databases and an in-house cohort were used for validation. The KM plotter was utilized to discover the clinical significance. GSEA and GSVA were adopted for a functional pathway survey. Molecular biological methods, including proliferation, migration, and the EMT methods, were used for verification. Based on public databases, the increased expression of Ladinin 1 (LAD1) was presented in tumor and metastatic sites. Furthermore, an in-house cohort revealed a higher intensity of LAD1 in tumor rather than in normal parts. The greater the expression of LAD1 was, the shorter the duration of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patient survival. Moreover, the association of B3GNT3 with LAD1 affected the survival of LUAD patients. Functional analyses using GSEA and GSVA revealed the associations with survival, migration, invasion, and EMT. Biologic functions supported the roles of LAD1 in proliferation via the cell cycle and migration in EMT. This study reveals that LAD1 plays a major role in regulating proliferation and migration in lung cancer and impacts survival in LUAD. It is worth investing in further studies and in the development of drugs targeting LAD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsing Chiang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Xiu Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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13
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Wang F, Yu C, Chen L, Xu S. Landscape of circular RNAs in different types of lung cancer and an emerging role in therapeutic resistance (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 62:21. [PMID: 36562354 PMCID: PMC9812256 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor types and the leading cause of cancer‑associated death worldwide. Different types of lung cancer exhibit differences in terms of pathophysiology and pathogenesis, and also treatment and prognosis. Accumulating evidence has indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abnormally expressed among different types of lung cancer and confer important biological functions in progression and prognosis. However, studies comparing different circRNAs in lung cancer subtypes are scarce. Furthermore, circRNAs have an important role in drug resistance and are related to clinicopathological features in lung cancer. Summaries of the association of circRNAs with drug resistance are also scarce in the literature. The present study outlined the biological functions of circRNAs and focused on discriminating differential circRNA patterns and mechanisms in three different types of lung cancer. The emerging roles of circRNAs in the resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy were also highlighted. Understanding these aspects of circRNAs sheds light on novel physiological and pathophysiological processes of lung cancer and suggests the application of circRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chuting Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Ling Chen, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China,Professor Sheng Xu, National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China, E-mail:
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14
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Samulevich ML, Shamilov R, Aneskievich BJ. Thermostable Proteins from HaCaT Keratinocytes Identify a Wide Breadth of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins and Candidates for Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214323. [PMID: 36430801 PMCID: PMC9692912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) move through an ensemble of conformations which allows multitudinous roles within a cell. Keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in mammalian epidermis, have had only a few individual proteins assessed for intrinsic disorder and its possible contribution to liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), especially in regard to what functions or structures these proteins provide. We took a holistic approach to keratinocyte IDPs starting with enrichment via the isolation of thermostable proteins. The keratinocyte protein involucrin, known for its resistance to heat denaturation, served as a marker. It and other thermostable proteins were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and subjected to extensive bioinformatic analysis covering gene ontology, intrinsic disorder, and potential for LLPS. Numerous proteins unique to keratinocytes and other proteins with shared expression in multiple cell types were identified to have IDP traits (e.g., compositional bias, nucleic acid binding, and repeat motifs). Among keratinocyte-specific proteins, many that co-assemble with involucrin into the cell-specific structure known as the cornified envelope scored highly for intrinsic disorder and potential for LLPS. This suggests intrinsic disorder and LLPS are previously unrecognized traits for assembly of the cornified envelope, echoing the contribution of intrinsic disorder and LLPS to more widely encountered features such as stress granules and PML bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Samulevich
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06292-3092, USA
| | - Rambon Shamilov
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06292-3092, USA
| | - Brian J. Aneskievich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-860-486-3053; Fax: +1-860-486-5792
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15
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Kuo HCD, Wu R, Sarwar MS, Zheng M, Wang C, Sargsyan D, Suh N, Kong ANT. DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Study of Triterpenoid CDDO in TPA-Mediated Skin Carcinogenesis Model. AAPS J 2022; 24:115. [PMID: 36324037 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-022-00763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexposure to ultraviolet radiation and environmental carcinogens drive skin cancer development through redox imbalance and gene mutation. Antioxidants such as triterpenoids have exhibited anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory potentials to alleviate skin carcinogenesis. This study investigated the methylome and transcriptome altered by tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or TPA with 2-cyano 2,3-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO). The results show that CDDO blocks TPA-induced transformation dose dependently. Several differential expressed genes (DEGs) involved in skin cell transformation, while counteracted by CDDO, were revealed by differential expression analysis including Lyl1, Lad1, and Dennd2d. In CpG methylomic profiles, the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the promoter region altered by TPA while showing the opposite methylation status in the CDDO treatment group were identified. The correlation between DNA methylation and RNA expression has been established and DMRs showing inverse correlation were further studied as potential therapeutic targets. From the CpG methylome and transcriptome results, CDDO significantly restored gene expression of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1) inhibited by TPA by decreasing their promoter CpG methylation. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) shows that CDDO neutralized the effect of TPA through modulating cell cycles, cell migration, and inflammatory and immune response regulatory pathways. Notably, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 2 (TNFR2) signaling was significantly downregulated by CDDO potentially contributing to prevention of TPA-induced cell transformation. Overall, incorporating the transcriptome, CpG methylome, and signaling pathway network, we reveal potential therapeutic targets and pathways by which CDDO could reverse TPA-induced carcinogenesis. The results could be useful for future human study and targets development for skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chen Dina Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA.,Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, Piscataway, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA
| | - Meinizi Zheng
- Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA.,Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, Piscataway, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, Piscataway, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, NJ, New Brunswick, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ, 08854, Piscataway, USA.
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16
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Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) system has allowed chemists, biologists, and clinicians to improve our understanding of cell production and cancer therapy. The discovery of EGF led to the recognition of cell surface receptors capable of controlling the proliferation and survival of cells. The detailed structures of the EGF-like ligand and the responses of their receptors (EGFR-family) has revealed the conformational and aggregation changes whereby ligands activate the intracellular kinase domains. Biophysical analysis has revealed the preformed clustering of different EGFR-family members and the processes which occur on ligand binding. Understanding these receptor activation processes and the consequential cytoplasmic signaling has allowed the development of inhibitors which are revolutionizing cancer therapy. This Review describes the recent progress in our understanding of the activation of the EGFR-family, the effects of signaling from the EGFR-family on cell proliferation, and the targeting of the EGFR-family in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony W Burgess
- Honorary Laboratory Head, Personalized Oncology Division, WEHI, Parkville3050, Australia.,Professor Emeritus, Departments of Medical Biology and Surgery (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne3052, Australia.,The Brain Cancer Centre at WEHI, Parkville3052, Australia
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17
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Miano C, Romaniello D, Mazzeschi M, Morselli A, Da Pra S, Sacchi F, Bongiovanni C, Sgarzi M, Pantano E, Lauriola M, D’Uva G. Neuregulin 4 Boosts the Efficacy of Anti-ERBB2 Neutralizing Antibodies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:831105. [PMID: 35664762 PMCID: PMC9157648 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.831105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB4 is a tyrosine kinase receptor reported to exert both oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities. These paradoxical effects were suggested to stem from different ERBB4 homo-/hetero-dimers and/or isoforms. By stratifying breast cancer patients for clinical and molecular subtypes and ERBB4 mRNA abundance, we here report that higher ERBB4 levels correlate with longer relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients of HER2-enriched and luminal A molecular subtypes, proposing a cancer-protecting role for this receptor in these specific subgroups. We also observed that HER2-enriched breast cancers express intermediate ERBB4 mRNA levels compared to luminal and triple-negative/basal-like subgroups, which displayed the highest and the lowest levels, respectively. Inspired by these clinical data, we tested the activation of ERBB4 by Neuregulins as a potential anticancer strategy for HER2+ breast cancers. To this end, we employed two HER2+ breast cancer cellular models (BT474 and SKBR3), which express intermediate/high and low ERBB4 levels, respectively. Cell proliferation and motility were evaluated on these cellular models following treatments with Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), which activates both ERBB3 and ERBB4, or Neuregulin 4 (NRG4), which specifically activates ERBB4. Both NRG1 and NRG4 were used alone or in combination with anti-ERBB2 neutralizing antibodies, namely trastuzumab and pertuzumab. In vitro treatment with NRG1 on BT474 cells restrained cell growth and reduced the anti-proliferative efficacy of trastuzumab. In contrast, treatment with NRG1 on SKBR3 cells increased cell proliferation and migration, and partially or completely impaired the anti-proliferative/anti-migratory action of trastuzumab and/or pertuzumab. Importantly, in both the cell lines, treatment with NRG4 robustly potentiated the anti-proliferative action of trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Collectively, our data in HER2+ breast cancer cells highlight that NRG1 may exert both pro- and anti-proliferative effects, and may reduce the efficacy of anti-HER2 agents, whereas NRG4 may boost the anti-proliferative effects of anti-ERBB2 agents. We propose a provocative paradigm shift in the field of growth factors in cancer progression, suggesting the administration of ERBB4 ligands, such as Neuregulin 4, as a strategy to improve the efficacy of anti-ERBB2 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Miano
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Mazzeschi
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morselli
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Pra
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sacchi
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Bongiovanni
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Sgarzi
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elvira Pantano
- Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele D’Uva
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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18
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Lang X, Adjei M, Wang C, Chen X, Li C, Wang P, Pan M, Li K, Shahzad K, Zhao W. RNA-Seq reveals the functional specificity of epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda genes of cattleyak. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13732. [PMID: 35543176 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The first filial generation of the cattleyaks demonstrates hybrid vigor; however, the male cattleyaks are infertile and restrict productivity and breeding. The discovery of genes in a segment-specific approach offers valuable information and understanding concerning fertility status, yet the biology of cattleyak epididymis is still progressing. Comparative transcriptome analysis was performed on segment pairs of cattleyak epididymis. The caput versus corpus epididymis provided the highest (57.8%) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), corpus versus cauda (25.1%) followed, whereas caput versus cauda pair (17.1%) had the least DEGs. The expression levels of genes coding EPHB6, TLR1, MUC20, MT3, INHBB, TRPV5, EI24, PAOX, KIF12, DEPDC5, and KRT25, which might have the potentials to regulate the homeostasis, innate immunity, differentiation, motility, transport, and sperm maturation-related function in epididymal cells, were downregulated in the distal segment of epididymis. Top enriched KEGG pathways included mTOR, axon guidance, and taste transduction signaling pathways. EIF4B, EPHB6, and TAS2R42 were enriched in the pathways, respectively. Identifying key, new, and unexplored DEGs among the epididymal segments and further analyzing them could boost cattleyak fertility by maximizing sperm quality from genetically better sires and also facilitate better understanding of the epididymal biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lang
- Institute of Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural, Key laboratory for sheep, goat and cattle germplasm and straw feed in Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Michael Adjei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Cailian Wang
- Institute of Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural, Key laboratory for sheep, goat and cattle germplasm and straw feed in Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Chunhai Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Meilan Pan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Kerui Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Khuram Shahzad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wangsheng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
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19
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Fu C, Arora A, Engl W, Sheetz M, Viasnoff V. Cooperative regulation of adherens junction expansion through Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) activation. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274477. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms controlling the dynamics of expansion of adherens junctions are significantly less understood than those controlling their static properties. Here, we report that for suspended cell aggregates, the time to form a new junction between two cells speeds up with the number of junctions that the cells are already engaged in. Upon junction formation, the activation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) distally affects the actin turnover dynamics of the cell-free cortex. The “primed” actin cortex results in a faster expansion of the subsequent new junctions. In such aggregates, we show that this mechanism results in a cooperative acceleration of the junction expansion dynamics (kinetype) but leaves the cell contractility, and hence the final junction size (phenotype), unaltered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Fu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aditya Arora
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilfried Engl
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Sheetz
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- CNRS Biomechanics of Cell Contacts, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Labanca E, Yang J, Shepherd PDA, Wan X, Starbuck MW, Guerra LD, Anselmino N, Bizzotto JA, Dong J, Chinnaiyan AM, Ravoori MK, Kundra V, Broom BM, Corn PG, Troncoso P, Gueron G, Logothethis CJ, Navone NM. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Drives the Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol 2021; 5:164-175. [PMID: 34774481 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No curative therapy is currently available for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). The diverse mechanisms of progression include fibroblast growth factor (FGF) axis activation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the molecular and clinical implications of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and its isoforms (α/β) in the pathogenesis of PCa bone metastases. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In silico, in vitro, and in vivo preclinical approaches were used. RNA-sequencing and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies in human samples were conducted. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS In mice, bone metastases (chi-square/Fisher's test) and survival (Mantel-Cox) were assessed. In human samples, FGFR1 and ladinin 1 (LAD1) analysis associated with PCa progression were evaluated (IHC studies, Fisher's test). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS FGFR1 isoform expression varied among PCa subtypes. Intracardiac injection of mice with FGFR1-expressing PC3 cells reduced mouse survival (α, p < 0.0001; β, p = 0.032) and increased the incidence of bone metastases (α, p < 0.0001; β, p = 0.02). Accordingly, IHC studies of human castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) bone metastases revealed significant enrichment of FGFR1 expression compared with treatment-naïve, nonmetastatic primary tumors (p = 0.0007). Expression of anchoring filament protein LAD1 increased in FGFR1-expressing PC3 cells and was enriched in human CRPC bone metastases (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS FGFR1 expression induces bone metastases experimentally and is significantly enriched in human CRPC bone metastases, supporting its prometastatic effect in PCa. LAD1 expression, found in the prometastatic PCa cells expressing FGFR1, was also enriched in CRPC bone metastases. Our studies support and provide a roadmap for the development of FGFR blockade for advanced PCa. PATIENT SUMMARY We studied the role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. We found that PCa cells with high FGFR1 expression increase metastases and that FGFR1 expression is increased in human PCa bone metastases, and identified genes that could participate in the metastases induced by FGFR1. These studies will help pinpoint PCa patients who use fibroblast growth factor to progress and will benefit by the inhibition of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Labanca
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter D A Shepherd
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinhai Wan
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael W Starbuck
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leah D Guerra
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicolas Anselmino
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juan A Bizzotto
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jiabin Dong
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Murali K Ravoori
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vikas Kundra
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bradley M Broom
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul G Corn
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Geraldine Gueron
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christopher J Logothethis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nora M Navone
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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21
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Wei Z, Sijia F, Rui T, Yang L, Jianjun H, Bin W, Jing X. Analysis of differentially expressed proteins between HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer and their prognostic significance. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 55:151834. [PMID: 34610510 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Both triple negative breast cancer (TNBA) and HER2-positive breast cancer lack expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), while human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in TNBC is also negative. This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between TNBC and HER2-positive breast cancer and to improve understanding of their role in the prognosis of breast cancer. By analyzing the breast cancer data set in The Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA) database, 15 DEPs between TNBC and HER2-positive breast cancer were identified. GO and pathway enrichment analysis were performed on DEPs, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The overall survival (OS) analysis of the breast cancer protein dataset in the Kaplan-Meier plotter showed that low expression of ACC1 suggested a higher OS of HER2-positive breast cancer (HR = 5.34, P < 0.05) and TNBC (HR = 2.88, P < 0.05). And TNBC patients with high TBA1B (HR = 0.16, P < 0.01) or low INPP4B (HR = 3.47, P < 0.05) expression have a better prognosis. Our research provides new insights into the prognostic indicators of TNBC and HER2-positive breast cancer, which could be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Fei Sijia
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tong Rui
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - He Jianjun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wan Bin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xu Jing
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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22
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Li J, Wang Z, Tie C. High expression of ladinin-1 (LAD1) predicts adverse outcomes: a new candidate docetaxel resistance gene for prostatic cancer (PCa). Bioengineered 2021; 12:5749-5759. [PMID: 34516317 PMCID: PMC8806705 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1968647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel resistance is one of the major obstacles that undermine the treatment outcome of PCa. Exploring molecular mechanisms associated with docetaxel resistance could provide insights into the formulation of novel strategies enhancing the efficacy of PCa treatment. Ladinin-1 (LAD1) is an anchoring filament protein in basement membranes, which contributes to the association of the epithelial cells with the underlying mesenchyme. LAD1 has been implicated in the progression of different cancers. However, its role in PCa remains to be investigated. In the present study, we found that LAD1 was highly expressed in docetaxel-resistant PCa cells, while its expression was significantly suppressed in tumor samples after docetaxel treatment. Moreover, the expression level of LAD1 in PCa tissues was significantly higher than that of normal tissue, and high expression level of LAD1 was significantly associated with adverse outcomes of PCa patients. Finally, high expression of LAD1 in PCa tissue was also correlated with the expression level of genes involving in tumor cell proliferation and invasive behaviors. Collectively, our data suggest that LAD1 may serve as a potential prognostic factor in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Chong Tie
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
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23
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Uribe ML, Marrocco I, Yarden Y. EGFR in Cancer: Signaling Mechanisms, Drugs, and Acquired Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112748. [PMID: 34206026 PMCID: PMC8197917 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has served as the founding member of the large family of growth factor receptors harboring intrinsic tyrosine kinase function. High abundance of EGFR and large internal deletions are frequently observed in brain tumors, whereas point mutations and small insertions within the kinase domain are common in lung cancer. For these reasons EGFR and its preferred heterodimer partner, HER2/ERBB2, became popular targets of anti-cancer therapies. Nevertheless, EGFR research keeps revealing unexpected observations, which are reviewed herein. Once activated by a ligand, EGFR initiates a time-dependent series of molecular switches comprising downregulation of a large cohort of microRNAs, up-regulation of newly synthesized mRNAs, and covalent protein modifications, collectively controlling phenotype-determining genes. In addition to microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs play critical roles in EGFR signaling. Along with driver mutations, EGFR drives metastasis in many ways. Paracrine loops comprising tumor and stromal cells enable EGFR to fuel invasion across tissue barriers, survival of clusters of circulating tumor cells, as well as colonization of distant organs. We conclude by listing all clinically approved anti-cancer drugs targeting either EGFR or HER2. Because emergence of drug resistance is nearly inevitable, we discuss the major evasion mechanisms.
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24
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Patil S, Bhat MY, Advani J, Mohan SV, Babu N, Datta KK, Subbannayya T, Rajagopalan P, Bhat FA, Al-Hebshi N, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of shammah induced signaling in oral keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9397. [PMID: 33931671 PMCID: PMC8087671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shammah is a smokeless tobacco product often mixed with lime, ash, black pepper and flavorings. Exposure to shammah has been linked with dental diseases and oral squamous cell carcinoma. There is limited literature on the prevalence of shammah and its role in pathobiology of oral cancer. In this study, we developed a cellular model to understand the effect of chronic shammah exposure on oral keratinocytes. Chronic exposure to shammah resulted in increased proliferation and invasiveness of non-transformed oral keratinocytes. Quantitative proteomics of shammah treated cells compared to untreated cells led to quantification of 4712 proteins of which 402 were found to be significantly altered. In addition, phosphoproteomics analysis of shammah treated cells compared to untreated revealed hyperphosphorylation of 36 proteins and hypophosphorylation of 83 proteins (twofold, p-value ≤ 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis of significantly altered proteins showed enrichment of proteins involved in extracellular matrix interactions, necroptosis and peroxisome mediated fatty acid oxidation. Kinase-Substrate Enrichment Analysis showed significant increase in activity of kinases such as ROCK1, RAF1, PRKCE and HIPK2 in shammah treated cells. These results provide better understanding of how shammah transforms non-neoplastic cells and warrants additional studies that may assist in improved early diagnosis and treatment of shammah induced oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Younis Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Sonali V Mohan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Keshava K Datta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Firdous A Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Nezar Al-Hebshi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
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25
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Proteomic comparison between different tissue preservation methods for identification of promising biomarkers of urothelial bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7595. [PMID: 33828141 PMCID: PMC8027873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Samples in biobanks are generally preserved by formalin-fixation and paraffin-embedding (FFPE) and/or optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT)-embedding and subsequently frozen. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis of these samples is now available via developed protocols, however, the differences in results with respect to preservation methods needs further investigation. Here we use bladder urothelial carcinoma tissue of two different tumor stages (Ta/T1-non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and T2/T3-muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC)) which, upon sampling, were divided and preserved by FFPE and OCT. Samples were parallel processed from the two methods and proteins were analyzed with label-free quantitative MS. Over 700 and 1200 proteins were quantified in FFPE and OCT samples, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicates that the preservation method is the main source of variation, but also tumors of different stages could be differentiated. Proteins involved in mitochondrial function were overrepresented in OCT data but missing in the FFPE data, indicating that these proteins are not well preserved by FFPE. Concordant results for proteins such as HMGCS2 (uniquely quantified in Ta/T1 tumors), and LGALS1, ANXA5 and plastin (upregulated in T2/T3 tumors) were observed in both FFPE and OCT data, which supports the use of MS technology for biobank samples and encourages the further evaluation of these proteins as biomarkers.
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26
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Wang Y. circ-ANXA7 facilitates lung adenocarcinoma progression via miR-331/LAD1 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:85. [PMID: 33536022 PMCID: PMC7860208 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer, with a poor prognosis. The roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tumors have been initially clarified. In this study, we probed into the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of circ-ANXA7 in LUAD. Methods According to circRNA microarray analysis based on 40 pairs of LUAD tissues and non-tumor tissues, a novel circ-ANXA7 was up-regulated in LUAD, which was verified in LUAD tissues and cells by RT-qPCR. Correlation between its expression and clinical features of LUAD was analyzed. When transfected with sh-circ-ANXA7, proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells were determined by a series of functional assays. Furthermore, tumor growth was investigated in nude mice injected with sh-circ-ANXA7. Dual luciferase report and gain and loss assays were used to confirm the relationships between circ-ANXA7 and miR-331, miR-331 and LAD1. Results circ-ANXA7 was up-regulated in LUAD tissues and cells. Its high expression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells as well as tumor growth. High circ-ANXA7 expression usually predicted a poorer prognosis for LUAD patients. Furthermore, circ-ANXA7 could accelerate proliferation and invasion of LUAD cells by targeting miR-331. miR-331 directly bound to the 3′-UTR of LAD1. LAD1 induced proliferation and invasion of LUAD cells, which was reversed after co-transfection with circ-ANXA7 knockdown. LAD1 expression could be an independent prognostic marker for LUAD by univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusions Our research identified a novel circ-ANXA7 for LUAD, which could facilitate proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells by miR-331/ LAD1 axis. circ-ANXA7 could become a promising prognosis and treatment target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Zhumadian City Central Hospital, No. 747 Zhonghua Avenue, Yicheng District, Zhumadian, 463000, Henan, China.
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27
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Moon B, Yang SJ, Park SM, Lee SH, Song KS, Jeong EJ, Park M, Kim JS, Yeom YI, Kim JA. LAD1 expression is associated with the metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1180. [PMID: 33267790 PMCID: PMC7709356 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anchoring filament protein ladinin-1 (LAD1) was related to the aggressive progression of breast, lung, laryngeal and thyroid cancers. However, the association of LAD1 with colorectal cancer remained unknown. Here, to determine the relationship of LAD1 with colorectal cancer progression, we explored the effect of LAD1 loss on the malignant features of colorectal cancer cells. METHODS We constructed LAD1-depleted cell lines and examined the effect of LAD1 deficiency on the phenotypic and molecular features of colorectal cancer cells in vitro. The function of LAD1 in metastasis in vivo was examined by establishing a spleen-to-liver metastasis mouse model. LAD1 protein expression in colorectal cancer patient specimens was assessed by immunohistochemistry of tumor microarrays. RESULTS We found that LAD1 was abundant in most colorectal cancer cells. In addition, high expression of LAD1 significantly correlated with poor patient outcome. LAD1 depletion inhibited the migration and invasion of two different colorectal cancer cell lines, SW620 and Caco-2, without affecting their proliferation. In addition, LAD1 loss led to defects in liver metastasis of SW620 cells in the mouse model. Immunohistochemistry of colorectal cancer tissues revealed LAD1 enrichment in metastatic tissues compared to that in primary tumor and normal tissues. CONCLUSION These results suggest that LAD1 expression is associated with the metastatic progression of colorectal cancer by promoting the migration and invasion of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byul Moon
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Suk-Jin Yang
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Present address: Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seong Min Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Present address: Translational Research Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Song
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Jeong
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, South Korea
| | - Mijin Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Jang-Seong Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Young Il Yeom
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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Welter H, Herrmann C, Fröhlich T, Flenkenthaler F, Eubler K, Schorle H, Nettersheim D, Mayerhofer A, Müller-Taubenberger A. Filamin A Orchestrates Cytoskeletal Structure, Cell Migration and Stem Cell Characteristics in Human Seminoma TCam-2 Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E2563. [PMID: 33266100 PMCID: PMC7761120 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamins are large dimeric F-actin cross-linking proteins, crucial for the mechanosensitive properties of a number of cell types. Due to their interaction with a variety of different proteins, they exert important regulatory functions. However, in the human testis the role of filamins has been insufficiently explored. Immunohistochemical staining of human testis samples identified filamin A (FLNA) in spermatogonia and peritubular myoid cells. Investigation of different testicular tumor samples indicated that seminoma also express FLNA. Moreover, mass spectrometric analyses identified FLNA as one of the most abundant proteins in human seminoma TCam-2 cells. We therefore focused on FLNA in TCam-2 cells, and identified by co-immunoprecipitation LAD1, RUVBL1 and DAZAP1, in addition to several cytoskeletal proteins, as interactors of FLNA. To study the role of FLNA in TCam-2 cells, we generated FLNA-deficient cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Loss of FLNA causes an irregular arrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and mechanical instability, impaired adhesive properties and disturbed migratory behavior. Furthermore, transcriptional activity of typical stem cell factors is increased in the absence of FLNA. In summary, our data suggest that FLNA is crucially involved in balancing stem cell characteristics and invasive properties in human seminoma cells and possibly human testicular germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Welter
- Anatomy III, Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, 82152 Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; (H.W.); (C.H.); (K.E.); (A.M.-T.)
| | - Carola Herrmann
- Anatomy III, Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, 82152 Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; (H.W.); (C.H.); (K.E.); (A.M.-T.)
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Florian Flenkenthaler
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Katja Eubler
- Anatomy III, Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, 82152 Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; (H.W.); (C.H.); (K.E.); (A.M.-T.)
| | - Hubert Schorle
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Lab, Translational UroOncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Artur Mayerhofer
- Anatomy III, Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, 82152 Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; (H.W.); (C.H.); (K.E.); (A.M.-T.)
| | - Annette Müller-Taubenberger
- Anatomy III, Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, 82152 Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; (H.W.); (C.H.); (K.E.); (A.M.-T.)
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Anti-Metastasis Fascin Inhibitors Decrease the Growth of Specific Subtypes of Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082287. [PMID: 32824026 PMCID: PMC7466159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that is critical for filopodial formation and other cellular cytoskeletal structures. An elevated expression of fascin has been observed in tumor cells and is correlated with a shorter survival of cancer patients. Given its roles in tumor cell migration and invasion, we have developed small-molecule fascin inhibitors to prevent and delay tumor metastasis. Here we report the characterization of a new fascin inhibitor in mice. In addition to its inhibitory effects on tumor metastasis, we also report that fascin inhibitors can decrease the growth of specific subtypes of cancers, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-high triple-negative breast cancer, and activated B-cell subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Hence, fascin inhibitors can be used to not only inhibit tumor metastasis, but also decrease the tumor growth of specific cancer types.
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Saha SK, Islam SMR, Kwak KS, Rahman MS, Cho SG. PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates clinical prognosis of cancer: a multiomics analysis. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:147-167. [PMID: 31164716 PMCID: PMC7170805 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prominin 1 (PROM1) is considered a biomarker for cancer stem cells, although its biological role is unclear. Prominin 2 (PROM2) has also been associated with certain cancers. However, the prognostic value of PROM1 and PROM2 in cancer is controversial. Here, we performed a systematic data analysis to examine whether prominins can function as prognostic markers in human cancers. The expression of prominins was assessed and their prognostic value in human cancers was determined using univariate and multivariate survival analyses, via various online platforms. We selected a group of prominent functional protein partners of prominins by protein-protein interaction analysis. Subsequently, we investigated the relationship between mutations and copy number alterations in prominin genes and various types of cancers. Furthermore, we identified genes that correlated with PROM1 and PROM2 in certain cancers, based on their levels of expression. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were performed to assess the effect of these correlated genes on various cancers. We observed that PROM1 was frequently overexpressed in esophageal, liver, and ovarian cancers and its expression was negatively associated with prognosis, whereas PROM2 overexpression was associated with poor overall survival in lung and ovarian cancers. Based on the varying characteristics of prominins, we conclude that PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates the clinical outcomes of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - S M Riazul Islam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Kwak
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Xing X, Jiang Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Niu T, Qu Y, Wang C, Wang H, Liu K. Identification of novel differentially expressed genes in retinas of STZ-induced long-term diabetic rats through RNA sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1115. [PMID: 31958216 PMCID: PMC7057111 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this research was to investigate the retinal transcriptome changes in long-term streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rats' retinas using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), to explore the molecular mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy (DR), and to identify novel targets for the treatment of DR by comparing the gene expression profile we obtained. METHODS In this study, 6 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into wild-type (WT) group and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced group, 3 rats each group. After 6 months, 3 normal retina samples and 3 DM retina samples (2 retinas from the same rat were considered as 1 sample) were tested and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were measured by RNA-seq technology. Then, we did Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis and validated the results of RNA-seq through qRT-PCR. RESULTS A total of 118 DEGs were identified, of which 72 were up-regulated and 46 were down-regulated. The enriched GO terms showed that 3 most significant enrichment terms were binding (molecular function), cell part (cellular component), and biological regulation (biological process). The results of the KEGG pathway analysis revealed a significant enrichment in cell adhesion molecules, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and allograft rejection, etc. CONCLUSION: Our research has identified specific DEGs and also speculated their potential functions, which will provide novel targets to explore the molecular mechanisms of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindan Xing
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hanying Wang
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tian Niu
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Qu
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Chingyi Wang
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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32
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Fagny M, Platig J, Kuijjer ML, Lin X, Quackenbush J. Nongenic cancer-risk SNPs affect oncogenes, tumour-suppressor genes, and immune function. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:569-577. [PMID: 31806877 PMCID: PMC7028992 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide association studies (GWASes) have identified many noncoding germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. However, how these SNPs affect cancer risk is still largely unknown. Methods We used a systems biology approach to analyse the regulatory role of cancer-risk SNPs in thirteen tissues. By using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, we performed an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis. We represented both significant cis- and trans-eQTLs as edges in tissue-specific eQTL bipartite networks. Results Each tissue-specific eQTL network is organised into communities that group sets of SNPs and functionally related genes. When mapping cancer-risk SNPs to these networks, we find that in each tissue, these SNPs are significantly overrepresented in communities enriched for immune response processes, as well as tissue-specific functions. Moreover, cancer-risk SNPs are more likely to be ‘cores’ of their communities, influencing the expression of many genes within the same biological processes. Finally, cancer-risk SNPs preferentially target oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes, suggesting that they may alter the expression of these key cancer genes. Conclusions This approach provides a new way of understanding genetic effects on cancer risk and provides a biological context for interpreting the results of GWAS cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Fagny
- Genetique Quantitative et Evolution-Le Moulon, Institut National de la Recherche agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - John Platig
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marieke Lydia Kuijjer
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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33
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Sabara PH, Jakhesara SJ, Panchal KJ, Joshi CG, Koringa PG. Transcriptomic analysis to affirm the regulatory role of long non-coding RNA in horn cancer of Indian zebu cattle breed Kankrej (Bos indicus). Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 20:75-87. [PMID: 31368028 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was previously considered as a non-functional transcript, which now established as part of regulatory elements of biological events such as chromosome structure, remodeling, and regulation of gene expression. The study presented here showed the role of lncRNA through differential expression analysis on cancer-related coding genes in horn squamous cell carcinoma of Indian zebu cattle. A total of 10,360 candidate lncRNAs were identified and further analyzed for its coding potential ability using three tools (CPC, CPAT, and PLEK) that provide 8862 common lncRNAs. Pfam analysis of these common lncRNAs gave 8612 potential candidates for lncRNA differential expression analysis. Differential expression analysis showed a total of 59 significantly differentially expressed genes and 19 lncRNAs. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to identify co-expressed mRNA-lncRNAs to established relation of the regulatory role of lncRNAs in horn cancer. We established a positive relation of seven upregulated (XLOC_000016, XLOC_002198, XLOC_002851, XLOC_ 007383, XLOC_010701, XLOC_010272, and XLOC_011517) and one downregulated (XLOC_011302) lncRNAs with eleven genes that are related to keratin family protein, keratin-associated protein family, cornifelin, corneodesmosin, serpin family protein, and metallothionein that have well-established role in squamous cell carcinoma through cellular communication, cell growth, cell invasion, and cell migration. These biological events were found to be related to the MAPK pathway of cell cycle regulation indicating the role of lncRNAs in manipulating cell cycle regulation during horn squamous cell carcinomas that will be useful in identifying molecular portraits related to the development of horn cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh H Sabara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388001, India
| | - Subhash J Jakhesara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388001, India
| | - Ketankumar J Panchal
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388001, India
| | - Chaitanya G Joshi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388001, India
| | - Prakash G Koringa
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388001, India.
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Su MA, Anderson MS. Pulling RANK on Cancer: Blocking Aire-Mediated Central Tolerance to Enhance Immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:854-859. [PMID: 31160305 PMCID: PMC6550349 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A major breakthrough in cancer treatment occurred with the development of strategies that overcome T-cell tolerance toward tumor cells. These approaches enhance antitumor immunity by overcoming mechanisms that are normally in place to prevent autoimmunity but simultaneously prevent rejection of tumor cells. Although tolerance mechanisms that restrict antitumor immunity take place both in the thymus and periphery, only immunotherapies that target peripheral tolerance mechanisms occurring outside of the thymus are currently available. We review here recent gains in our understanding of how thymic tolerance mediated by the autoimmune regulator (Aire) impedes antitumor immunity. It is now clear that transient depletion of Aire-expressing cells in the thymus can be achieved with RANKL blockade. Finally, we discuss key findings that support the repurposing of anti-RANKL as a cancer immunotherapy with a unique mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A Su
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Hjorton K, Hagberg N, Israelsson E, Jinton L, Berggren O, Sandling JK, Thörn K, Mo J, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L. Cytokine production by activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells and natural killer cells is suppressed by an IRAK4 inhibitor. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:238. [PMID: 30355354 PMCID: PMC6235225 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), immune complexes (ICs) containing self-derived nucleic acids trigger the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by immune cells. We asked how an interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 small molecule inhibitor (IRAK4i) affects RNA-IC-induced cytokine production compared with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Methods Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and natural killer (NK) cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy individuals. PBMCs from SLE patients and healthy individuals were depleted of monocytes. Cells were stimulated with RNA-containing IC (RNA-IC) in the presence or absence of IRAK4i I92 or HCQ, and cytokines were measured by immunoassay or flow cytometry. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on RNA-IC-stimulated pDCs from healthy individuals to assess the effect of IRAK4i and HCQ. Results In healthy individuals, RNA-IC induced interferon (IFN)-α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)1-α, and MIP1-β production in pDC and NK cell cocultures. IFN-α production was selective for pDCs, whereas both pDCs and NK cells produced TNF-α. IRAK4i reduced the pDC and NK cell-derived cytokine production by 74–95%. HCQ interfered with cytokine production in pDCs but not in NK cells. In monocyte-depleted PBMCs, IRAK4i blocked cytokine production more efficiently than HCQ. Following RNA-IC activation of pDCs, 975 differentially expressed genes were observed (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05), with many connected to cytokine pathways, cell regulation, and apoptosis. IRAK4i altered the expression of a larger number of RNA-IC-induced genes than did HCQ (492 versus 65 genes). Conclusions The IRAK4i I92 exhibits a broader inhibitory effect than HCQ on proinflammatory pathways triggered by RNA-IC, suggesting IRAK4 inhibition as a therapeutic option in SLE. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1702-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Hjorton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, Dag Hammarskjölds v 20, C11, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Niklas Hagberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, Dag Hammarskjölds v 20, C11, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Israelsson
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Jinton
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olof Berggren
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, Dag Hammarskjölds v 20, C11, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna K Sandling
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, Dag Hammarskjölds v 20, C11, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Thörn
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Mo
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, Dag Hammarskjölds v 20, C11, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbecklaboratoriet, Dag Hammarskjölds v 20, C11, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chemotaxis Model for Breast Cancer Cells Based on Signal/Noise Ratio. Biophys J 2018; 115:2034-2043. [PMID: 30366624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis, a biased migration of cells under a chemical gradient, plays a significant role in diverse biological phenomena including cancer metastasis. Stromal cells release signaling proteins to induce chemotaxis, which leads to organ-specific metastasis. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is an example of the chemical attractants, and its gradient stimulates metastasis of breast cancer cells. Hence, the interactions between EGF and breast cancer cells have long been a subject of interest for oncologists and clinicians. However, most current approaches do not systematically separate the effects of gradient and absolute concentration of EGF on chemotaxis of breast cancer cells. In this work, we develop a theoretical model based on signal/noise ratio to represent stochastic properties and report our microfluidic experiments to verify the analytical predictions from the model. The results demonstrate that even under the same EGF concentration gradients (0-50 or 0-150 ng/mL), breast cancer cells reveal a more evident chemotaxis pattern when the absolute EGF concentrations are low. Moreover, we found that reducing the number of EGF receptors (EGFRs) with addition of EGFR antibody (1 ng/mL) can promote chemotaxis at an EGF gradient of 0-1 ng/mL as shown by chemotaxis index (0.121 ± 0.037, reduced EGFRs vs. 0.003 ± 0.041, control). This counterintuitive finding suggests that EGFR-targeted therapy may stimulate metastasis of breast cancer because the partial suppression of the receptors makes the number of receptors close to the optimal one for chemotaxis. This analysis should be considered in anticancer drug design.
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Chiasson-MacKenzie C, McClatchey AI. EGFR-induced cytoskeletal changes drive complex cell behaviors: The tip of the iceberg. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/515/eaas9473. [PMID: 29382786 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aas9473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal networks are dramatically reorganized upon EGF stimulation to enable complex cell behaviors such as cell-cell communication, migration and invasion, and cell division. In this issue of Science Signaling, Roth et al. and Pike et al. use proteomic methods to identify several effectors of EGF responses. The findings show the interdependent nature of growth factor signaling and the cytoskeleton and identify potential new therapeutic targets for treating cancer and other growth factor-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Chiasson-MacKenzie
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Andrea I McClatchey
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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