1
|
Lu J, Chen L, Fatima Z, Huang J, Chen J. Synergistic rescue of temperature-sensitive p53 mutants by hypothermia and arsenic trioxide. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:2205-2217. [PMID: 39115446 PMCID: PMC11466696 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor is inactivated by mutations in about 50% of tumors. Rescuing the transcriptional function of mutant p53 has potential therapeutic benefits. Approximately 15% of p53 mutants are temperature sensitive (TS) and regain maximal activity at 32°C. Proof of concept study showed that induction of 32°C hypothermia in mice restored TS mutant p53 activity and inhibited tumor growth. However, 32°C is the lower limit of therapeutic hypothermia procedures for humans. Higher temperatures are preferable but result in suboptimal TS p53 activation. Recently, arsenic trioxide (ATO) was shown to rescue the conformation of p53 structural mutants by stabilizing the DNA binding domain. We examined the responses of 17 frequently observed p53 TS mutants to functional rescue by temperature shift and ATO. The results showed that ATO only rescued mild p53 TS mutants with high basal activity at 37°C. Mild TS mutants showed a common feature of regaining significant activity at the semi-permissive temperature of 35°C and could be further stimulated by ATO at 35°C. TS p53 rescue by ATO was antagonized by the cellular redox mechanism and was rapidly reversible. Inhibition of glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis enhanced ATO rescue efficiency and sustained p53 activity after ATO washout. The results suggest that mild TS p53 mutants are uniquely responsive to functional rescue by ATO due to small thermostability deficits and inherent potential to regain active conformation. Combining mild hypothermia and ATO may provide an effective and safe procedure for targeting tumors with p53 TS mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Lu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lihong Chen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Zainab Fatima
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jeffrey Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jiandong Chen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang LK, Li Y, Zhai L, Tang Y, Jiao Y, Mei Y, Yang R, You R, Yin L, Ni H, Ge J, Guan YQ. Natural Phycocyanin/Paclitaxel Micelle Delivery of Therapeutic P53 to Activate Apoptosis for HER2 or ER Positive Breast Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 39390952 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
The P53 gene is commonly mutated in breast cancer, protein based the gene as anticancer drugs could provide efficient and stable advantages by restoring the function of the wild-type P53 protein. In this study, we describe the creation and utilization of a micelle composed by natural phycocyanin and paclitaxel and grafting anti-HER2 (PPH), which effectively packages and transports recombinant P53 protein with anti-ER (PE), resulting in a new entity designated as PE@PPH, to address localization obstacles and modify cellular tropism to the cell membrane or nucleus. The results indicate that PE@PPH has strong antitumor properties, even at low doses of PTX both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that PE@PPH could be an enhancing micelle for delivering therapeutic proteins and promoting protein functional recovery, particularly in addressing the challenges posed by tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Kun Zhang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Limin Zhai
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yunzhi Tang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yuxuan Jiao
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yitong Mei
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Runcai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Rong You
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Liang Yin
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - He Ni
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jian Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Yan-Qing Guan
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shorthouse D, Lister H, Freeman GS, Hall BA. Understanding large scale sequencing datasets through changes to protein folding. Brief Funct Genomics 2024; 23:517-524. [PMID: 38521964 PMCID: PMC11428155 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion of high-quality, low-cost sequencing has created an enormous opportunity to understand how genetic variants alter cellular behaviour in disease. The high diversity of mutations observed has however drawn a spotlight onto the need for predictive modelling of mutational effects on phenotype from variants of uncertain significance. This is particularly important in the clinic due to the potential value in guiding clinical diagnosis and patient treatment. Recent computational modelling has highlighted the importance of mutation induced protein misfolding as a common mechanism for loss of protein or domain function, aided by developments in methods that make large computational screens tractable. Here we review recent applications of this approach to different genes, and how they have enabled and supported subsequent studies. We further discuss developments in the approach and the role for the approach in light of increasingly high throughput experimental approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Shorthouse
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Harris Lister
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Malet Place Engineering Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gemma S Freeman
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Malet Place Engineering Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Benjamin A Hall
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Malet Place Engineering Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nussinov R, Jang H. The value of protein allostery in rational anticancer drug design: an update. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:1071-1085. [PMID: 39068599 PMCID: PMC11390313 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2384467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Allosteric drugs are advantageous. However, they still face hurdles, including identification of allosteric sites that will effectively alter the active site. Current strategies largely focus on identifying pockets away from the active sites into which the allosteric ligand will dock and do not account for exactly how the active site is altered. Favorable allosteric inhibitors dock into sites that are nearby the active sites and follow nature, mimicking diverse allosteric regulation strategies. AREAS COVERED The following article underscores the immense significance of allostery in drug design, describes current allosteric strategies, and especially offers a direction going forward. The article concludes with the authors' expert perspectives on the subject. EXPERT OPINION To select a productive venue in allosteric inhibitor development, we should learn from nature. Currently, useful strategies follow this route. Consider, for example, the mechanisms exploited in relieving autoinhibition and in harnessing allosteric degraders. Mimicking compensatory, or rescue mutations may also fall into such a thesis, as can molecular glues that capture features of scaffolding proteins. Capturing nature and creatively tailoring its mimicry can continue to innovate allosteric drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chomczyk M, Gazzola L, Dash S, Firmanty P, George BS, Mohanty V, Abbas HA, Baran N. Impact of p53-associated acute myeloid leukemia hallmarks on metabolism and the immune environment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1409210. [PMID: 39161899 PMCID: PMC11330794 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1409210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive malignancy of hematopoietic stem cells, is characterized by the blockade of cell differentiation, uncontrolled proliferation, and cell expansion that impairs healthy hematopoiesis and results in pancytopenia and susceptibility to infections. Several genetic and chromosomal aberrations play a role in AML and influence patient outcomes. TP53 is a key tumor suppressor gene involved in a variety of cell features, such as cell-cycle regulation, genome stability, proliferation, differentiation, stem-cell homeostasis, apoptosis, metabolism, senescence, and the repair of DNA damage in response to cellular stress. In AML, TP53 alterations occur in 5%-12% of de novo AML cases. These mutations form an important molecular subgroup, and patients with these mutations have the worst prognosis and shortest overall survival among patients with AML, even when treated with aggressive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplant. The frequency of TP53-mutations increases in relapsed and recurrent AML and is associated with chemoresistance. Progress in AML genetics and biology has brought the novel therapies, however, the clinical benefit of these agents for patients whose disease is driven by TP53 mutations remains largely unexplored. This review focuses on the molecular characteristics of TP53-mutated disease; the impact of TP53 on selected hallmarks of leukemia, particularly metabolic rewiring and immune evasion, the clinical importance of TP53 mutations; and the current progress in the development of preclinical and clinical therapeutic strategies to treat TP53-mutated disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chomczyk
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luca Gazzola
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Shubhankar Dash
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Firmanty
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Binsah S. George
- Department of Hematology-oncology, The University of Texas Health Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vakul Mohanty
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hussein A. Abbas
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Natalia Baran
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rajaram S, Synnott NC, Crown J, Madden SF, Duffy MJ. Targeting mutant p53 with arsenic trioxide: A preclinical study focusing on triple negative breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102025. [PMID: 38870678 PMCID: PMC11225897 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
New treatments are urgently required for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). As TP53 is mutated in approximately 80% of TNBC, it is theoretically an attractive target for new drugs for this disease. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), which is used to treat promyelocytic leukaemia, was recently shown to reactivate mutant p53 and restore wild-type functionality. The aim of this study was to evaluate ATO as a potential new treatment for TNBC. Using a panel of 20 cell lines, we found that TNBC cell lines were more sensitive to ATO than non-TNBC cell lines (P = 0.045). Consistent with its ability to reactivate mutant p53, ATO was a more potent inhibitor of proliferation in cell lines with mutant TP53 than the wildtype TP53 (P = 0.027). Direct evidence of mutant p53 reactivation was the induction of multiple wild-type p53 canonical target genes such as CDKN1A, SLC7A11, BBC3, PMAIP1, SESN2, SRXN1 and TXNRD1. Our findings support the activation of mutant p53 by ATO and, furthermore, the possible repurposing of ATO to treat TP53-mutated TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasree Rajaram
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Naoise C Synnott
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - John Crown
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin D04 T6F4, Ireland
| | - Stephen F Madden
- Data Science Centre, School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Michael J Duffy
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland; UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin D04 T6F4, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Temaj G, Chichiarelli S, Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Saha S, Nuhii N, Hadziselimovic R, Saso L. P53: A key player in diverse cellular processes including nuclear stress and ribosome biogenesis, highlighting potential therapeutic compounds. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116332. [PMID: 38830426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor proteins are key transcription factors involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, such as apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle, senescence, and metabolism. The tumor suppressor protein p53 responds to different type of stress signaling, such as hypoxia, DNA damage, nutrient deprivation, oncogene activation, by activating or repressing the expression of different genes that target processes mentioned earlier. p53 has the ability to modulate the activity of many other proteins and signaling pathway through protein-protein interaction, post-translational modifications, or non-coding RNAs. In many cancers the p53 is found to be mutated or inactivated, resulting in the loss of its tumor suppressor function and acquisition of new oncogenic properties. The tumor suppressor protein p53 also plays a role in the development of other metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease. In this review, we will summarize the current data and knowledge on the molecular mechanisms and the functions of p53 in different pathways and processes at the cellular level and discuss the its implications for human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gazmend Temaj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College UBT, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 00185, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nexhibe Nuhii
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Tetovo, 1200 Tetovo, Macedonia.
| | - Rifat Hadziselimovic
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kong L, Meng F, Zhou P, Ge R, Geng X, Yang Z, Li G, Zhang L, Wang J, Ma J, Dong C, Zhou J, Wu S, Zhong D, Xie S. An engineered DNA aptamer-based PROTAC for precise therapy of p53-R175H hotspot mutant-driven cancer. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:2122-2135. [PMID: 38811338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Targeting oncogenic mutant p53 represents an attractive strategy for cancer treatment due to the high frequency of gain-of-function mutations and ectopic expression in various cancer types. Despite extensive efforts, the absence of a druggable active site for small molecules has rendered these mutants therapeutically non-actionable. Here we develop a selective and effective proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) for p53-R175H, a common hotspot mutant with dominant-negative and oncogenic activity. Using a novel iterative molecular docking-guided post-SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) approach, we rationally engineer a high-performance DNA aptamer with improved affinity and specificity for p53-R175H. Leveraging this resulting aptamer as a binder for PROTACs, we successfully developed a selective p53-R175H degrader, named dp53m. dp53m induces the ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of p53-R175H while sparing wildtype p53. Importantly, dp53m demonstrates significant antitumor efficacy in p53-R175H-driven cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, without toxicity. Moreover, dp53m significantly and synergistically improves the sensitivity of these cells to cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapy drug. These findings provide evidence of the potential therapeutic value of dp53m in p53-R175H-driven cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingping Kong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Fanlu Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ruixin Ge
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoshan Geng
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhihao Yang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Cheng Dong
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sijin Wu
- Wisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215028, China.
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Songbo Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Balourdas DI, Markl AM, Krämer A, Settanni G, Joerger AC. Structural basis of p53 inactivation by cavity-creating cancer mutations and its implications for the development of mutant p53 reactivators. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:408. [PMID: 38862470 PMCID: PMC11166945 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The cavity-creating p53 cancer mutation Y220C is an ideal paradigm for developing small-molecule drugs based on protein stabilization. Here, we have systematically analyzed the structural and stability effects of all oncogenic Tyr-to-Cys mutations (Y126C, Y163C, Y205C, Y220C, Y234C, and Y236C) in the p53 DNA-binding domain (DBD). They were all highly destabilizing, drastically lowering the melting temperature of the protein by 8-17 °C. In contrast, two non-cancerous mutations, Y103C and Y107C, had only a moderate effect on protein stability. Differential stabilization of the mutants upon treatment with the anticancer agent arsenic trioxide and stibogluconate revealed an interesting proximity effect. Crystallographic studies complemented by MD simulations showed that two of the mutations, Y234C and Y236C, create internal cavities of different size and shape, whereas the others induce unique surface lesions. The mutation-induced pockets in the Y126C and Y205C mutant were, however, relatively small compared with that of the already druggable Y220C mutant. Intriguingly, our structural studies suggest a pronounced plasticity of the mutation-induced pocket in the frequently occurring Y163C mutant, which may be exploited for the development of small-molecule stabilizers. We point out general principles for reactivating thermolabile cancer mutants and highlight special cases where mutant-specific drugs are needed for the pharmacological rescue of p53 function in tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios-Ilias Balourdas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anja M Markl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Giovanni Settanni
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Physics Department, University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas C Joerger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Y, Su Z, Tavana O, Gu W. Understanding the complexity of p53 in a new era of tumor suppression. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:946-967. [PMID: 38729160 PMCID: PMC11190820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
p53 was discovered 45 years ago as an SV40 large T antigen binding protein, coded by the most frequently mutated TP53 gene in human cancers. As a transcription factor, p53 is tightly regulated by a rich network of post-translational modifications to execute its diverse functions in tumor suppression. Although early studies established p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence as the classic barriers in cancer development, a growing number of new functions of p53 have been discovered and the scope of p53-mediated anti-tumor activity is largely expanded. Here, we review the complexity of different layers of p53 regulation, and the recent advance of the p53 pathway in metabolism, ferroptosis, immunity, and others that contribute to tumor suppression. We also discuss the challenge regarding how to activate p53 function specifically effective in inhibiting tumor growth without harming normal homeostasis for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhenyi Su
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omid Tavana
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Z, Xue J, Yang Y, Fang W, Huang Y, Zhao S, Luo F, Cao J, Zeng K, Ma W, Zhan J, Lu F, Zhang L, Zhao H. Influence of TP53 mutation on efficacy and survival in advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e586. [PMID: 38832214 PMCID: PMC11144614 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
TP53 comutation is related to poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer. However, there is limited study focusing on the structural influence of TP53 mutation on third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) treatment. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and molecular data of patients treated with third-generation EGFR-TKIs in two independent cohorts. A total of 117 patients from the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) and 141 patients from the American Association for Cancer Research Project GENIE database were included. In the SYSUCC cohort, TP53 comutations were found in 59 patients (50.4%) and were associated with poor median progress-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS). The additional subtype analysis found that TP53 mutation in the alpha-helix region had shorter mOS compared with those with TP53 mutations in other regions in the SYSUCC cohort (mOS, 12.2 vs. 21.7 months; p = 0.027). Similar findings were confirmed in the GENIE cohort. Specifically, the presence of TP53 mutation in the alpha-helix region was an independent negative predictive factor for PFS [hazard ratio (HR) 2.05(1.01-4.18), p = 0.048] and OS [HR 3.62(1.60-8.17), p = 0.002] in the SYSUCC cohort. TP53 mutation in alpha-helix region was related to inferior clinical outcomes in patients treated with third-generation EGFR-TKIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghan Zhang
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Jinhui Xue
- Department of Clinical ResearchSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Shen Zhao
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Fan Luo
- Department of Intensive Care UnitSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiaxin Cao
- Department of AnesthesiologySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Kangmei Zeng
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Department of Intensive Care UnitSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianhua Zhan
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Feiteng Lu
- Department of HematologyOncology and Cancer ImmunologyCharité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongyun Zhao
- Department of Clinical ResearchSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gould SI, Wuest AN, Dong K, Johnson GA, Hsu A, Narendra VK, Atwa O, Levine SS, Liu DR, Sánchez Rivera FJ. High-throughput evaluation of genetic variants with prime editing sensor libraries. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02172-9. [PMID: 38472508 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Tumor genomes often harbor a complex spectrum of single nucleotide alterations and chromosomal rearrangements that can perturb protein function. Prime editing has been applied to install and evaluate genetic variants, but previous approaches have been limited by the variable efficiency of prime editing guide RNAs. Here we present a high-throughput prime editing sensor strategy that couples prime editing guide RNAs with synthetic versions of their cognate target sites to quantitatively assess the functional impact of endogenous genetic variants. We screen over 1,000 endogenous cancer-associated variants of TP53-the most frequently mutated gene in cancer-to identify alleles that impact p53 function in mechanistically diverse ways. We find that certain endogenous TP53 variants, particularly those in the p53 oligomerization domain, display opposite phenotypes in exogenous overexpression systems. Our results emphasize the physiological importance of gene dosage in shaping native protein stoichiometry and protein-protein interactions, and establish a framework for studying genetic variants in their endogenous sequence context at scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I Gould
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra N Wuest
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kexin Dong
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Grace A Johnson
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alvin Hsu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Varun K Narendra
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ondine Atwa
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stuart S Levine
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David R Liu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Francisco J Sánchez Rivera
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiao S, Shi F, Song H, Cui J, Zheng D, Zhang H, Tan K, Wu J, Chen X, Wu J, Tang Y, Dai Y, Lu M. Characterization of the generic mutant p53-rescue compounds in a broad range of assays. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:325-327. [PMID: 38402608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Dozens of compounds that rescue tumor-associated mutant p53 have been reported. Xiao et al. perform 10 assays to evaluate effectiveness of the mutant p53-rescue compounds side-by-side but do not detect reliable rescue in any assay for the evaluated compounds, except for ATO and its analog PAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Xiao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaxin Song
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Cui
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Derun Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hesong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yigang Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Duan XP, Qin BD, Jiao XD, Liu K, Wang Z, Zang YS. New clinical trial design in precision medicine: discovery, development and direction. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:57. [PMID: 38438349 PMCID: PMC10912713 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the era of precision medicine, it has been increasingly recognized that individuals with a certain disease are complex and different from each other. Due to the underestimation of the significant heterogeneity across participants in traditional "one-size-fits-all" trials, patient-centered trials that could provide optimal therapy customization to individuals with specific biomarkers were developed including the basket, umbrella, and platform trial designs under the master protocol framework. In recent years, the successive FDA approval of indications based on biomarker-guided master protocol designs has demonstrated that these new clinical trials are ushering in tremendous opportunities. Despite the rapid increase in the number of basket, umbrella, and platform trials, the current clinical and research understanding of these new trial designs, as compared with traditional trial designs, remains limited. The majority of the research focuses on methodologies, and there is a lack of in-depth insight concerning the underlying biological logic of these new clinical trial designs. Therefore, we provide this comprehensive review of the discovery and development of basket, umbrella, and platform trials and their underlying logic from the perspective of precision medicine. Meanwhile, we discuss future directions on the potential development of these new clinical design in view of the "Precision Pro", "Dynamic Precision", and "Intelligent Precision". This review would assist trial-related researchers to enhance the innovation and feasibility of clinical trial designs by expounding the underlying logic, which be essential to accelerate the progression of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Dong Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peuget S, Zhou X, Selivanova G. Translating p53-based therapies for cancer into the clinic. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:192-215. [PMID: 38287107 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Inactivation of the most important tumour suppressor gene TP53 occurs in most, if not all, human cancers. Loss of functional wild-type p53 is achieved via two main mechanisms: mutation of the gene leading to an absence of tumour suppressor activity and, in some cases, gain-of-oncogenic function; or inhibition of the wild-type p53 protein mediated by overexpression of its negative regulators MDM2 and MDMX. Because of its high potency as a tumour suppressor and the dependence of at least some established tumours on its inactivation, p53 appears to be a highly attractive target for the development of new anticancer drugs. However, p53 is a transcription factor and therefore has long been considered undruggable. Nevertheless, several innovative strategies have been pursued for targeting dysfunctional p53 for cancer treatment. In mutant p53-expressing tumours, the predominant strategy is to restore tumour suppressor function with compounds acting either in a generic manner or otherwise selective for one or a few specific p53 mutations. In addition, approaches to deplete mutant p53 or to target vulnerabilities created by mutant p53 expression are currently under development. In wild-type p53 tumours, the major approach is to protect p53 from the actions of MDM2 and MDMX by targeting these negative regulators with inhibitors. Although the results of at least some clinical trials of MDM2 inhibitors and mutant p53-restoring compounds are promising, none of the agents has yet been approved by the FDA. Alternative strategies, based on a better understanding of p53 biology, the mechanisms of action of compounds and treatment regimens as well as the development of new technologies are gaining interest, such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras for MDM2 degradation. Other approaches are taking advantage of the progress made in immune-based therapies for cancer. In this Review, we present these ongoing clinical trials and emerging approaches to re-evaluate the current state of knowledge of p53-based therapies for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Peuget
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Galina Selivanova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Song B, Yang P, Zhang S. Cell fate regulation governed by p53: Friends or reversible foes in cancer therapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:297-360. [PMID: 38311377 PMCID: PMC10958678 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Targeted therapies aimed at key oncogenic driver mutations in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as immunotherapy have benefited cancer patients considerably. Tumor protein p53 (TP53), a crucial tumor suppressor gene encoding p53, regulates numerous downstream genes and cellular phenotypes in response to various stressors. The affected genes are involved in diverse processes, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cellular senescence, metabolic homeostasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, accumulating recent studies have continued to reveal novel and unexpected functions of p53 in governing the fate of tumors, for example, functions in ferroptosis, immunity, the tumor microenvironment and microbiome metabolism. Among the possibilities, the evolutionary plasticity of p53 is the most controversial, partially due to the dizzying array of biological functions that have been attributed to different regulatory mechanisms of p53 signaling. Nearly 40 years after its discovery, this key tumor suppressor remains somewhat enigmatic. The intricate and diverse functions of p53 in regulating cell fate during cancer treatment are only the tip of the iceberg with respect to its equally complicated structural biology, which has been painstakingly revealed. Additionally, TP53 mutation is one of the most significant genetic alterations in cancer, contributing to rapid cancer cell growth and tumor progression. Here, we summarized recent advances that implicate altered p53 in modulating the response to various cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, we also discussed potential strategies for targeting p53 as a therapeutic option for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Song
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChina National Nuclear Corporation 416 HospitalChengduSichuanP. R. China
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineNHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical TransformationWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liang Y, An Q, Song H, Tang Y, Xiao S, Wu J, Yan N, Yu B, Cao X, Lu M. AcGlcAs: A Novel P53-Targeting Arsenical with Potent Cellular Uptake and Cancer Cell Selectivity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16579-16596. [PMID: 38069817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) targets PML/RARα and leads to miraculous success in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia. Notably, ATO also targets p53, the most frequently mutated protein in cancers, through a similar binding mechanism. However, p53-targeting ATO trials are challenging due to the poor cellular uptake and cancer selectivity of ATO. Here, we analyzed the structure-activity relationship of arsenicals and rationally developed a novel arsenical (designated AcGlcAs) by conjugating arsenic to sulfur atoms and tetraacetyl-β-d-thioglucose. AcGlcAs exhibited remarkable cellular uptake through a thiol-mediated pathway (maximally 127-fold higher than ATO), thereby potently targeting PML/RARα and mutant p53. Among the 55 tested cell lines, AcGlcAs preferentially killed cancer lines rather than normal lines. In preclinical studies, AcGlcAs significantly extended the survival of mice bearing a xenograft tumor with p53 mutation while showing high plasma stability and oral bioavailability. Thus, AcGlcAs is a potential clinical candidate for precisely treating numerous p53-mutated cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Quanlin An
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huaxin Song
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yigang Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shujun Xiao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiale Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ni Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li J, Xiao S, Shi F, Song H, Wu J, Zheng D, Chen X, Tan K, Lu M. Arsenic trioxide extends survival of Li-Fraumeni syndrome mimicking mouse. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:783. [PMID: 38030599 PMCID: PMC10687230 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is characterized by germline mutations occurring on one allele of genome guardian TP53. It is a severe cancer predisposition syndrome with a poor prognosis, partly due to the frequent development of subsequent primary tumors following DNA-damaging therapies. Here we explored, for the first time, the effectiveness of mutant p53 rescue compound in treating LFS-mimicking mice harboring a deleterious p53 mutation. Among the ten p53 hotspot mutations in IARC LFS cohorts, R282W is one of the mutations predicting the poorest survival prognosis and the earliest tumor onset. Among the six clinical-stage mutant p53 rescue compounds, arsenic trioxide (ATO) effectively restored transactivation activity to p53-R282W. We thus constructed a heterozygous Trp53 R279W (corresponding to human R282W) mouse model for the ATO treatment study. The p53R279W/+ (W/+) mice exhibited tumor onset and overall survival well mimicking the ones of human LFS. Further, 35 mg/L ATO addition in drink water significantly extended the median survival of W/+ mice (from 460 to 596 days, hazard ratio = 0.4003, P = 0.0008). In the isolated tumors from ATO-treated W/+ mice, the representative p53 targets including Cdkn1a, Mdm2, and Tigar were significantly upregulated, accompanying with a decreased level of the proliferation marker Ki67 and increased level of apoptosis marker TUNEL. Together, the non-genotoxic treatment of p53 rescue compound ATO holds promise as an alternative for LFS therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shujun Xiao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Huaxin Song
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Derun Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kai Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Min Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li W, Li M, Huang Q, He X, Shen C, Hou X, Xue F, Deng Z, Luo Y. Advancement of regulating cellular signaling pathways in NSCLC target therapy via nanodrug. Front Chem 2023; 11:1251986. [PMID: 37744063 PMCID: PMC10512551 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1251986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of high cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of LC. The mechanisms of NSCLC evolution involve the alterations of multiple complex signaling pathways. Even with advances in biological understanding, early diagnosis, therapy, and mechanisms of drug resistance, many dilemmas still need to face in NSCLC treatments. However, many efforts have been made to explore the pathological changes of tumor cells based on specific molecular signals for drug therapy and targeted delivery. Nano-delivery has great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. In recent years, many studies have focused on different combinations of drugs and nanoparticles (NPs) to constitute nano-based drug delivery systems (NDDS), which deliver drugs regulating specific molecular signaling pathways in tumor cells, and most of them have positive implications. This review summarized the recent advances of therapeutic targets discovered in signaling pathways in NSCLC as well as the related NDDS, and presented the future prospects and challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Li
- Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Li
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Sichuan North Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Sichuan North Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Shen
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoming Hou
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fulai Xue
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiping Deng
- Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhou S, Chai D, Wang X, Neeli P, Yu X, Davtyan A, Young K, Li Y. AI-powered discovery of a novel p53-Y220C reactivator. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1229696. [PMID: 37593097 PMCID: PMC10430779 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1229696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The p53-Y220C mutation is one of the most common mutations that play a major role in cancer progression. Methods In this study, we applied artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual screening to identify small-molecule compounds that specifically restore the wild-type p53 conformation from p53-Y220C. From 10 million compounds, the AI algorithm selected a chemically diverse set of 83 high-scoring hits, which were subjected to several experimental assays using cell lines with different p53 mutations. Results We identified one compound, H3, that preferentially killed cells with the p53-Y220C mutation compared to cells with other p53 mutations. H3 increased the amount of folded mutant protein with wild-type p53 conformation, restored its transcriptional functions, and caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, H3 reduced tumorigenesis in a mouse xenograft model with p53-Y220C-positive cells. Conclusion AI enabled the discovery of the H3 compound that selectively reactivates the p53-Y220C mutant and inhibits tumor development in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dafei Chai
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Praveen Neeli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xinfang Yu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Ken Young
- Hematopathology Division and Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lu Y, Wu M, Xu Y, Yu L. The Development of p53-Targeted Therapies for Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3560. [PMID: 37509223 PMCID: PMC10377496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 plays a critical role in tumor suppression and is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Most p53 mutants (mutp53) are missense mutations and are thus expressed in human cancers. In human cancers that retain wtp53, the wtp53 activities are downregulated through multiple mechanisms. For example, the overexpression of the negative regulators of p53, MDM2/MDMX, can also efficiently destabilize and inactivate wtp53. Therefore, both wtp53 and mutp53 have become promising and intensively explored therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Current efforts include the development of small molecule compounds to disrupt the interaction between wtp53 and MDM2/MDMX in human cancers expressing wtp53 and to restore wtp53-like activity to p53 mutants in human cancers expressing mutp53. In addition, a synthetic lethality approach has been applied to identify signaling pathways affected by p53 dysfunction, which, when targeted, can lead to cell death. While an intensive search for p53-targeted cancer therapy has produced potential candidates with encouraging preclinical efficacy data, it remains challenging to develop such drugs with good efficacy and safety profiles. A more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of action of these p53-targeting drugs will help to overcome these challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yier Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pezzuto F, Hofman V, Bontoux C, Fortarezza F, Lunardi F, Calabrese F, Hofman P. The significance of co-mutations in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: Optimizing the efficacy of targeted therapies? Lung Cancer 2023; 181:107249. [PMID: 37244040 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. In non-squamous NSCLC, the identification of oncogenic drivers and the development of target-specific molecules led to remarkable progress in therapeutic strategies and overall survival over the last decade. Nevertheless, responses are limited by systematically acquired mechanisms of resistance early on after starting a targeted therapy. Moreover, mounting evidence has demonstrated that each oncogenic-driven cluster is actually heterogeneous in terms of molecular features, clinical behaviour, and sensitivity to targeted therapy. In this review, we aimed to examine the prognostic and predictive significance of oncogene-driven co-mutations, focusing mainly on EGFR and TP53. A narrative review was performed by searching MEDLINE databases for English articles published over the last decade (from January 2012 until November 2022). The bibliographies of key references were manually reviewed to select those eligible for the topic. The genetic landscape of EGFR-mutated NSCLC is more complicated than what is known so far. In particular, the occurrence of TP53 co-mutations stratify patients carrying EGFR mutations in terms of treatment response. The study provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the variability of the genetic landscape of EGFR-mutated NSCLC and summarizes notably the clinical importance of TP53 co-mutations for an open avenue to more properly addressing the clinical decision-making in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pezzuto
- University Côte d'Azur, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, FHU OncoAge, BB-0033-00025, Pasteur Hospital, 30 voie romaine, 06001 Nice, France; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova Medical School, Via A. Gabelli 61, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Véronique Hofman
- University Côte d'Azur, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, FHU OncoAge, BB-0033-00025, Pasteur Hospital, 30 voie romaine, 06001 Nice, France
| | - Christophe Bontoux
- University Côte d'Azur, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, FHU OncoAge, BB-0033-00025, Pasteur Hospital, 30 voie romaine, 06001 Nice, France
| | - Francesco Fortarezza
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova Medical School, Via A. Gabelli 61, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Lunardi
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova Medical School, Via A. Gabelli 61, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova Medical School, Via A. Gabelli 61, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Paul Hofman
- University Côte d'Azur, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, FHU OncoAge, BB-0033-00025, Pasteur Hospital, 30 voie romaine, 06001 Nice, France.
| |
Collapse
|