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Sheng YH, Siemiątkowska A, Kosicka-Noworzyń K, Brunetti L, Kagan L. A validated LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitation of piperacillin, cefazolin, and cefoxitin in rat plasma and twelve tissues. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116259. [PMID: 38870837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation of drug disposition in tissues is critical to improving dosing strategy and maximizing treatment effectiveness, yet developing a multi-tissue bioanalytical method could be challenging due to the differences among various matrices. Herein, we developed an LC-MS/MS method tailored for the quantitation of piperacillin (PIP), cefazolin (CFZ), and cefoxitin (CFX) in rat plasma and 12 tissues, accompanied by validation data for each matrix according to the FDA and EMA guidelines. RESULTS The method required only a small sample volume (5 μL plasma or 50-100 μL tissue homogenates) and a relatively simple protocol for simultaneous quantitation of PIP, CFZ, and CFX within different biological matrices. Mobile phase A was composed of 5 mM ammonium formate and 0.1 % formic acid in water, while mobile phase B contained 0.1 % formic acid in acetonitrile. The mobile phase was pumped through a Synergi Fusion-RP column equipped with a guard column with a gradient elution program at a 0.3 mL/min flow rate. The mass spectrometer was operated in positive ionization mode (ESI+) using multiple reaction monitoring. SIGNIFICANCE The validated method has been successfully applied to quantify PIP, CFZ, and CFX from the plasma and tissue samples collected in a pilot rat study and will further be used in a large pharmacokinetic study. To our knowledge, this is also the first report presenting long-term, freeze-thaw, and autosampler stability data for PIP, CFZ, and CFX in rat plasma and multiple tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Sheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Translational Research and Education, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Anna Siemiątkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, Poznan 60-806, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosicka-Noworzyń
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, Poznan 60-806, Poland
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Translational Research and Education, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Leonid Kagan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Translational Research and Education, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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Cizmarova I, Mikus P, Svidrnoch M, Piestansky J. Development and Validation of a Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Eight β-Lactam Antibiotics and Two β-Lactamase Inhibitors in Plasma Samples. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:526. [PMID: 38675486 PMCID: PMC11054939 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Monitoring plasma concentrations of β-lactam antibiotics is crucial, particularly in critically ill patients, where variations in concentrations can lead to treatment failure or adverse events. Standardized antimicrobial regimens may not be effective for all patients, especially in special groups with altered physiological parameters. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies highlight the time-dependent antibacterial activity of these antibiotics, emphasizing the need for personalized dosing. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential, requiring rapid and accurate analytical methods for precise determination of drugs in biological material (typically plasma or serum). This study presents a novel capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry (CZE-MS/MS) method designed for the simultaneous quantification of five penicillin antibiotics, two cephalosporins, one carbapenem, and two β-lactamase inhibitors in a single run. The method involves a simple sample pretreatment-precipitation with organic solvent-and has a run time of 20 min. Optimization of CZE separation conditions revealed that 20 mM ammonium hydrogen carbonate (NH4HCO3) serves as the optimal background electrolyte (BGE). Positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode, with isopropyl alcohol (IP)/10 mM ammonium formate water solution (50/50, v/v) as the sheath liquid, was identified as the optimal condition for MS detection. Method validation according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guideline for development of bioanalytical methods demonstrated satisfactory selectivity, linearity, recovery, robustness, and stability. The method's practicality was evaluated using the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), yielding a score of 77.5. Moreover, the greenness of the proposed method was evaluated by two commonly used metric tools-Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) and Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI). The developed CZE-MS/MS method offers a practical and reliable approach for quantifying a broad spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics in plasma. Its ability to simultaneously quantify multiple analytes in a single run, coupled with a straightforward sample pretreatment, positions it as a valuable and prospective tool for TDM in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cizmarova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (I.C.); (P.M.)
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Mikus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (I.C.); (P.M.)
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Svidrnoch
- AGEL Lab, Revolucni 2214/35, CZ-741 01 Novy Jicin, Czech Republic;
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Islam T, Haque MA, Barai HR, Istiaq A, Kim JJ. Antibiotic Resistance in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria: Recent Data and Environmental Impact of Unchecked Use and the Potential of Biocontrol Agents as an Eco-Friendly Alternative. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1135. [PMID: 38674544 PMCID: PMC11054394 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The economic impact of phytopathogenic bacteria on agriculture is staggering, costing billions of US dollars globally. Pseudomonas syringae is the top most phytopathogenic bacteria, having more than 60 pathovars, which cause bacteria speck in tomatoes, halo blight in beans, and so on. Although antibiotics or a combination of antibiotics are used to manage infectious diseases in plants, they are employed far less in agriculture compared to human and animal populations. Moreover, the majority of antibiotics used in plants are immediately washed away, leading to environmental damage to ecosystems and food chains. Due to the serious risk of antibiotic resistance (AR) and the potential for environmental contamination with antibiotic residues and resistance genes, the use of unchecked antibiotics against phytopathogenic bacteria is not advisable. Despite the significant concern regarding AR in the world today, there are inadequate and outdated data on the AR of phytopathogenic bacteria. This review presents recent AR data on plant pathogenic bacteria (PPB), along with their environmental impact. In light of these findings, we suggest the use of biocontrol agents as a sustainable, eco-friendly, and effective alternative to controlling phytopathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarequl Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh;
| | - Md Azizul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hasi Rani Barai
- School of Mechanical and IT Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea;
| | - Arif Istiaq
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea;
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El-Haffaf I, Marsot A, Hachemi D, Pesout T, Williams V, Smith MA, Albert M, Williamson D. Exposure levels and target attainment of piperacillin/tazobactam in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a prospective observational study. Can J Anaesth 2024; 71:511-522. [PMID: 38243099 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-023-02689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to evaluate the exposure and the pharmacodynamic target attainment of piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) in adult critically ill patients. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (a Level I trauma centre in Montreal, QC, Canada) between January 2021 and June 2022. We included patients aged 18 yr or older admitted to the ICU who received PTZ by intravenous administration. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected, and clinical scores were calculated. On study day 1 of antimicrobial therapy, three blood samples were collected at the following timepoints: one hour after PTZ dose administration and at the middle and at the end of the dosing interval. The sampling schedule was repeated on days 4 and 7 of therapy if possible. Samples were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector to determine the total piperacillin concentration. Middle- and end-of-interval concentrations were used for target attainment analyses, and were defined as a concentration above the minimal inhibitory concentration of 16 mg·L-1, corresponding to the breakpoint of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RESULTS Forty-three patients were recruited and 202 blood samples were analyzed. The most prevalent dose was 3/0.375 g every six hours (n = 50/73 doses administered, 68%) with a 30-min infusion. We observed marked variability over the three sampling timepoints, and the median [interquartile range] piperacillin concentrations at peak, middle of interval, and end of interval were 109.4 [74.0-152.3], 59.3 [21.1-74.4], and 25.3 [6.8-44.6] mg·L-1, respectively. When assessing target attainment, 37% of patients did not reach the efficacy target of a trough concentration of 16 mg·L-1. The majority of patients who were underexposed were patients with normal to augmented renal clearance. CONCLUSION In this prospective observational study of adult ICU patients receiving intravenous PTZ, a large proportion had subtherapeutic concentrations of piperacillin. This was most notable in patients with normal to augmented renal clearance. More aggressive dosage regimens may be required for this subpopulation to ensure attainment of efficacy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim El-Haffaf
- Laboratoire de Suivi Thérapeutique Pharmacologique et Pharmacocinétique, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, 2940 chemin de Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Amélie Marsot
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire de Suivi Thérapeutique Pharmacologique et Pharmacocinétique, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Djamila Hachemi
- CIUSSS-NIM-Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-NIM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Pesout
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CIUSSS-NIM-Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-NIM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Virginie Williams
- CIUSSS-NIM-Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-NIM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-André Smith
- CIUSSS-NIM-Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-NIM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Albert
- CIUSSS-NIM-Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-NIM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Williamson
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CIUSSS-NIM-Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal and CIUSSS-NIM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Mahfoudhi S, Mory C, Le Ven J, Coudore F, El Helali N, Safta F, Le Monnier A. Simultaneous determination of oxacillin and cloxacillin in plasma and CSF using turbulent flow liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry: Application in therapeutic drug monitoring. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1233:123979. [PMID: 38160527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cloxacillin and oxacillin are group M penicillins. The therapeutic monitoring of plasma concentrations of these antibiotics and those of their hydroxymethylated metabolites is of great clinical interest, especially in the choice of an adequate dosage allowing an effective treatment while limiting the occurrence of undesirable effects and the development of bacterial resistance. In this context, we conducted this work aiming at developing and validating a method allowing the determination of cloxacillin and oxacillin as well as the identification of their active metabolites in different biological matrices (CSF and plasma) using turbulent flow liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. To do this, we carried out several optimisation tests. Subsequently, we validated our method according to the latest bioanalytical validation recommendations of the European Medicines Agency. The validation results showed that our method is specific and sensitive. We obtained good linearity in the range 0.5 to 100 µg/mL with correlation coefficients above 0.995. The lower limit of quantification was 0.5 µg/mL for each analyte. The method was found to be accurate with repeatability and reproducibility coefficients of variation below 15 %. Our method is also accurate with bias values below 15 %. Recovery values ranged from 87 % to 95 %. Finally, we were able to apply our method to the therapeutic monitoring of the analysed molecules and to identify their active metabolites. Our results suggest that LC-MS shows superiority in the therapeutic monitoring of these antibiotics due to the superiority of specificity shown by this method. This assay method can be routinely used for the daily plasma assays of patients treated with these antibiotics in the context of therapeutic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mahfoudhi
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Celine Mory
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, Hospital Group Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Le Ven
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, Hospital Group Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - François Coudore
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, Hospital Group Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CESP, UMR 1018, CESP-Inserm, Faculty of Pharmacy, Orsay, France
| | - Najoua El Helali
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, Hospital Group Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Fethi Safta
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Alban Le Monnier
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, Hospital Group Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France; Institut Micalis, UMR 1319 University Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParis Tech, Chatenay-Malabry, France
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Larcher R, Laffont-Lozes P, Naciri T, Bourgeois PM, Gandon C, Magnan C, Pantel A, Sotto A. Continuous infusion of meropenem-vaborbactam for a KPC-3-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection in a critically ill patient with augmented renal clearance. Infection 2023; 51:1835-1840. [PMID: 37277691 PMCID: PMC10665223 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of continuous infusion of meropenem-vaborbactam to optimize the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. METHODS Report of a case of a Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection comfirmed by whole genome sequencing and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of meropenem. RESULTS A patient with augmented renal clearance (ARC) went into septic shock caused by an ST11 KPC-3-producing K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection that was successfully treated with a continuous infusion of meropenem-vaborbactam at a dosage of 1 g/1 g q4h as a 4-h infusion. TDM confirmed sustained concentrations of meropenem ranging from 8 to 16 mg/L throughout the dosing interval. CONCLUSION Continuous infusion of meropenem-vaborbactam was feasible. It could be appropriate for optimizing the management of critically ill patients with ARC, as it resulted in antibiotic concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for susceptible carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (up to 8 mg/L) throughout the dosing interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romaric Larcher
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, PhyMedExp (Physiology and Experimental Medicine), INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), CNRS (French National Centre for Scientific Research), University of Montpellier, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Hôpital Caremeau-Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nîmes, 1 Place Robert Debre, 30000, Nîmes, France.
| | - Paul Laffont-Lozes
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
- Department of Pharmacy, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Tayma Naciri
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Bourgeois
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Cléa Gandon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Chloé Magnan
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, VBIC (Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infection), INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), Montpellier University, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Alix Pantel
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, VBIC (Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infection), INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), Montpellier University, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Albert Sotto
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, VBIC (Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infection), INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), Montpellier University, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
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Liu T, Chen L, Yu P, Li Q, Lou J. Development and Validation of a Strong Cation Exchange Chromatographic Column Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Meropenem and Evaluation of Its Stability in Human Plasma: Application to the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:656-664. [PMID: 36349369 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Meropenem is a wide inter-individual variability in the pharmacokinetic, and standard dosing may not be adequate in critically ill patients. Therapeutic drug monitoring is a useful tool to optimize dosing. Meropenem is the amphoteric compound with an isoelectric point of 5.15. The secondary amino group of meropenem is positively charged when pH ≤ 5.4, thus we attempted to separate by strong cation exchange (SCX) column using acetonitrile/25-mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 3.0; 60:40) as mobile phase, and good peak shape and effective separation obtained. Generally, meropenem were unstable in plasma. We try to investigate stability of plasma samples using the medium QC sample with or without 3-(N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) as stabilizer solutions at possible conditions during handling and storage. Meropenem showed higher stability at -80°C, and addition of MOPS might increase the short-term and extracted samples stability. This method is suitable for the quantification of meropenem in human plasma from 0.5 to 100 μg/mL. The accuracy was ranged from 96.53 to 101.11% with relative standard deviation ≤ 4.76%. The method has been used for determined 63 critically ill patients treated with meropenem. During the first measurement, 11 patients showed trough levels below the target ranges despite standard dosing. Through continuous or prolonged infusion, 8/11 patients (72.73%) led to adequate trough levels. The described SCX-high-performance liquid chromatography method for meropenem in human plasma is a powerful tool for therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Panpan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qingyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jiang Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
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Palayer M, Chaussenery-Lorentz O, Boubekeur L, Urbina T, Maury E, Maubert MA, Pilon A, Bourgogne E. Quantitation of 10 antibiotics in plasma: sulfosalicylic acid combined with 2D-LC-MS/MS is a robust assay for beta-lactam therapeutic drug monitoring. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1221:123685. [PMID: 37023569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antibiotics is particularly important in populations with high pharmacokinetic variabilities, such as critically ill patients, leading to unpredictable plasma concentrations and clinical outcomes. Here, we i) describe an original method for the simultaneous quantification of ten antibiotics (cefepime, ceftazidime, ampicillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, oxacillin, linezolid) using 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate (SSA) solution for protein precipitation together with 2D-LC-MS/MS, and ii) evaluate its impact in a one-year retrospective study. The method involved simple dilution with an aqueous mix of deuterated internal standards and plasma protein precipitation with SSA. Twenty microliters of the supernatant was injected into a C8 SPE online cartridge (30 × 2.1 mm) without any evaporation step and back-flushed onto a C18 UHPLC (100 × 2.1 mm) analytical column. Mass spectrometry detection (Xevo TQD) was performed in positive electrospray, in scheduled MRM mode. Overall analytical runtime was 7 min. Due to analytical constraints and the physicochemical properties of the antibiotics, protein precipitation using organic solvents could not be applied. As an alternative, SSA used with 2D-LC offered various advantages: i) lack of dilution resulting in better assay sensitivity, and ii) good chromatography of hydrophilic compounds. Ten microliters of 30% SSA in water eliminated>90% of plasma proteins, including the most abundant high molecular weight proteins at 55 and 72 kDa. The assay was successfully validated according to FDA and EMA guidelines for all the antibiotics, and the coefficients of variation of the quality control (QC) run during sample analysis over one year were below 10%, whatever the QC levels or the antibiotics. The use of 2D-LC combined with SSA precipitation allowed development of a robust, sensitive and rapid quantification assay. Feedback to clinicians was reduced to 24 h, thus allowing rapid dosage adjustment. During one year, 3,304 determinations were performed in our laboratory: 41% were not in the therapeutic range, 58% of which were sub-therapeutic, underlining the importance of early TDM of antibiotics to limit therapeutic failures and the emergence of bacterial resistance.
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Preanalytical Stability of Flucloxacillin, Piperacillin, Tazobactam, Meropenem, Cefalexin, Cefazolin, and Ceftazidime in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Structured Review. Ther Drug Monit 2022; 44:709-719. [PMID: 35175248 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic drug monitoring is increasingly being used to optimize beta-lactam antibiotic dosing. Because beta-lactams are inherently unstable, confirming preanalytical sample stability is critical for reporting reliable results. This review aimed to summarize the published literature on the preanalytical stability of selected widely prescribed beta-lactams used in therapeutic drug monitoring. METHODS The published literature (2010-2020) on the preanalytical stability of flucloxacillin, piperacillin, tazobactam, meropenem, cefalexin, cefazolin, and ceftazidime in human plasma, serum, and whole blood was reviewed. Articles examining preanalytical stability at room temperature, refrigerated, or frozen (-20°C) using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry or ultraviolet detection were included. RESULTS Summarizing the available data allowed for general observations to be made, although data were conflicting in some cases (piperacillin, tazobactam, ceftazidime, and meropenem at room temperature, refrigerated, or -20°C) or limited (cefalexin, cefazolin, and flucloxacillin at -20°C). Overall, with the exception of the more stable cefazolin, preanalytical instability was observed after 6-12 hours at room temperature, 2-3 days when refrigerated, and 1-3 weeks when frozen at -20°C. In all cases, excellent stability was detected at -70°C. Studies focusing on preanalytical stability reported poorer stability than studies investigating stability as part of method validation. CONCLUSIONS Based on this review, as general guidance, clinical samples for beta-lactam analysis should be refrigerated and analyzed within 2 days or frozen at -20°C and analyzed within 1 week. For longer storage times, freezing at -70°C was required to ensure sample stability. This review highlights the importance of conducting well-designed preanalytical stability studies on beta-lactams and other potentially unstable drugs under clinically relevant conditions.
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10
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An Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Simultaneous Determination of 4 β-Lactam Antibiotics, Tazobactam, and Linezolid in Human Plasma Samples. Ther Drug Monit 2022; 44:784-790. [PMID: 35971670 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimization of antimicrobial therapy is a challenge in critically ill patients who develop extreme interindividual and intraindividual pharmacokinetic variability. Therapeutic drug monitoring is a valuable tool for maximizing the effect of a drug and minimizing its adverse and unwanted effects. The aim of the current work was to develop and validate an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method to determine multiple antibiotics in clinical plasma samples from critically ill patients; low sample volume and rapid processing of samples were considered the main criteria. METHODS A separation method based on an online combination of UHPLC-MS/MS was developed for the simultaneous determination of 4 β-lactam antibiotics (cefepime, meropenem, cefotaxime, and piperacillin), tazobactam, and linezolid in human plasma samples. The volume of plasma sample used for analysis was 20 µL. The developed method was validated according to Food and Drug Administration guidelines. RESULTS The chromatographic run time was 8 minutes. Calibration curves were linear for concentration ranges of 0.1-100 mcg/mL (r 2 > 0.99) for tazobactam, meropenem, cefotaxime, linezolid, and piperacillin and 1-100 mcg/mL (r 2 > 0.99) for cefepime. The intraday and interday accuracy of the method ranged from 92.4% to 110.7% and 93.6% to 113.3%, respectively. The intraday and interday precision values were ≤17.3% and ≤17.4%, respectively. No interfering and carryover analytes were observed. CONCLUSIONS The developed UHPLC-MS/MS method is an appropriate and practical tool for therapeutic drug monitoring of the selected antibiotics. Owing to its rapidity, requirement of low sample volume, and high selectivity, sensitivity, and reliability, it can be effectively implemented in routine clinical laboratory tests for critically ill patients.
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11
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Wang S, Sun M, Zhang Y, Ji H, Gao J, Song S, Sun J, Liu H, Zhang Y, Han L. Ultrasensitive Antibiotic Perceiving Based on Aptamer-Functionalized Ultraclean Graphene Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14785-14793. [PMID: 36223308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are powerful tools to treat bacterial infections, but antibiotic pollution is becoming a severe threat to the effective treatment of human bacterial infections. The detection of antibiotics in water has been a crucial research area for bioassays in recent years. There is still an urgent need for a simple ultrasensitive detection approach to achieve accurate antibiotic detection at low concentrations. Herein, a field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensor was developed using ultraclean graphene and an aptamer for ultrasensitive tetracycline detection. Using a newly designed camphor-rosin clean transfer (CRCT) scheme to prepare ultraclean graphene, the carrier mobility of the FET is found to be improved by more than 10 times compared with the FET prepared by the conventional PMMA transfer (CPT) method. Based on the FET, aptamer-functionalized transistor antibiotic biosensors were constructed and characterized. A dynamic detection range of 5 orders of magnitude, a sensitivity of 21.7 mV/decade, and a low detection limit of 100 fM are achieved for the CRCT-FET biosensors with good stability, which are much improved compared with the biosensor prepared by the CPT method. The antibiotic sensing and sensing performance enhancement mechanisms for the CRCT-FET biosensor were studied and analyzed based on experimental results and a biosensing model. Finally, the CRCT-FET biosensor was verified by detecting antibiotics in actual samples obtained from the entrances of Bohai Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyuan Sun
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jun Sun
- College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen518057, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technolgoy, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, Shandong, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen518057, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technolgoy, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
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12
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Wang Q, Zheng Y, Liu L, Ji P, Jiang W, Zhao J, Ren J, Yang L. Simultaneous Determination of Ceftazidime and Avibactam in Human Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinhui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Linna Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peigang Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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13
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Hu Y, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Liao C, Jiang G. A short review of human exposure to antibiotics based on urinary biomonitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154775. [PMID: 35339554 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics play a role in preventing and treating infectious diseases and also contribute to other health risks for humans. With the overuse of antibiotics, they are widely distributed in the environment. Long-term exposure to multiple antibiotics may occur in humans through medication and dietary intake. Therefore, it is critical to estimate daily intake and health risk of antibiotics based on urinary biomonitoring. This review compares the strengths and weaknesses of current analytical methods to determine antibiotics in urine samples, discusses the urinary concentration profiles and hazard quotients of individual antibiotics, and overviews correlations of antibiotic exposure with the risk of diseases. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is most applied to simultaneously determine multiple types of antibiotics at trace levels. Solid-phase extraction with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance adsorbent is commonly used to extract antibiotics in urine samples. Fifteen major antibiotics with relatively higher detection frequencies and concentrations include sulfaclozine, trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, penicillin V, amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, doxycycline, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and florfenicol. Humans can be easily at microbiological effect-based risk induced by florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and amoxicillin. Positive associations were observed between specific antibiotic exposure and obesity, allergic diseases, and mental disorders. Overall, the accessible, automated, and environmentally friendly methods are prospected for simultaneous determinations of antibiotics at trace level in urine. To estimate human exposure to antibiotics more accurately, knowledge gaps need to be filled up, including the transformation between parent and metabolic antibiotics, urinary excretion proportions of antibiotics at low-dose exposure and pharmacokinetic data of antibiotics in humans, and the repeated sampling over a long period in future research is needed. Longitudinal studies about antibiotic exposure and the risk of diseases in different developmental windows as well as in-depth research on the pathogenic mechanism of long-term, low-dose, and joint antibiotic exposure are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Review on Characterization, Properties, and Analytical Methods of Cefepime. Int J Anal Chem 2022; 2022:6909528. [PMID: 35814263 PMCID: PMC9259364 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6909528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is one of the most important reasons for the increase in the number of deaths worldwide; it can be a bacterial or viral infection. As a result, there are many effective drugs against this infection, especially bacterial ones. Cefepime (CP) is one of the fourth generations of cephalosporins and is distinguished from others in that it can kill both positive and negative bacteria. Therefore, this study focused on the chemical properties of the drug, its uses, and its stability against bacteria. All analysis methods for this drug in pharmaceutical preparations, blood, or plasma were also presented. One of the important problems in these methods is using toxic solvents, which poses a danger to society and the environment. The presentation of these solvents will allow companies to manufacture and use more effective and less toxic solvents.
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15
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Gebretsadik H, Kahsay G, Eticha T, Gebretsadikan T. A validated new RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in pharmaceutical formulations. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2022.01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As per the World Health Organization, 10% of medicines in low- and middle-income nations are of poor quality and pose a huge public health risk. The development and implementation of cost-effective, efficient and quick analytical methods to control the quality of these medicines is one of the immediate strategies to avoid such a situation. Hence, the main goal of this study was to develop and validate a simple, specific and precise new RP–HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in pharmaceutical formulations. The chromatographic analysis was achieved using Shodex C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column with UV detection at 225 nm. The mobile phase was a gradient mixture of 30 mM phosphate buffer, pH 4.0 (mobile phase A) and acetonitrile (mobile phase B). Efficient separation of the three drugs was obtained using the final optimized chromatographic conditions. The developed method was validated for its specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness as per the ICH guidelines. The validation results showed that the method was specific, linear, precise, accurate and robust for the simultaneous determination of the three drugs. The developed method was applied to determine the content of the three drugs in pharmaceutical formulations. The assay results of the preparations showed that their drug content was within the pharmacopeial limit stipulated for each drug product. It can be concluded that the proposed method is suitable for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in pharmaceutical formulations in industries and regulatory laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailekiros Gebretsadik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Getu Kahsay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Tadele Eticha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfamichael Gebretsadikan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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16
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Cheng Y, Chen M, Zhang B, Lin H, Li X, Cai Y, Zhang H, Que W, Liu M, Qiu H. Rapid, simple, and economical LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of ceftazidime and avibactam in human plasma and its application in therapeutic drug monitoring. J Clin Pharm Ther 2022; 47:1426-1437. [PMID: 35633089 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens continue to threaten public health. Avibactam (AVI), a novel non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor, has been approved for use with ceftazidime (CAZ) mainly against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is urgently needed to optimize dosage regimens to maximize efficacy, minimize toxicity, and delay the emergence of resistance. This study aims to develop and validate a rapid, simple, and economical LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of CAZ/AVI in human plasma. METHODS Samples were processed by simple protein precipitation, and gradient elution strategy was applied to separate CAZ and AVI on a reverse-phase C18 column; with subsequent detection by the mass spectrometer in a positive and negative ion switching mode. Plasma samples from patients were analysed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A 4-min run of LC-MS/MS was developed. The precision, trueness, matrix effect, extraction recovery, carry-over, dilution integrity, and stability were all acceptable for a bioanalytical method. The method was successfully applied to the determination of CAZ and AVI in patients, and a considerable PK variability of CAZ/AVI was observed among patients. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION A robust, rapid, simple, and economical LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of CAZ and AVI was developed. The considerable PK variability of CAZ/AVI among patients demonstrates the clinical significance of TDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Maohua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yipeng Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wancai Que
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Maobai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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17
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Methods for Determination of Meropenem Concentration in Biological Samples. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2022-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Measuring the concentration of antibiotics in biological samples allow implementation of therapeutic monitoring of these drugs and contribute to the adjustment of the dosing regimen in patients. This increases the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy, reduces the toxicity of these drugs and prevents the development of bacterial resistance. This review article summarizes current knowledge on methods for determining concentration of meropenem, an antibiotic drug from the group of carbapenems, in different biological samples. It provides a brief discussion of the chemical structure, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of meropenem, different sample preparation techniques, use of apparatus and equipment, knowledge of the advantages and limitations of available methods, as well as directions in which new methods should be developed. This review should facilitate clinical laboratories to select and apply one of the established methods for measuring of meropenem, as well as to provide them with the necessary knowledge to develop new methods for quantification of meropenem in biological samples according to their needs.
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18
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Kubickova V, Racova Z, Strojil J, Santavy P, Urbanek K. Separation of ampicillin on polar-endcapped phase: Development of the HPLC method to achieve its correct dosage in cardiac surgery. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2021.00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The accurate, simple, and selective reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) has been established and validated for the determination of an antibiotic ampicillin (AMP) in human blood plasma. The SPE extraction was used for the sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was accomplished by a mobile phase containing 15 mM monopotassium phosphate solution of pH 3.3 and methanol (75:25, v/v) in an isocratic mode at a flow rate of 1.4 mL min−1 at 30 °C. The separation was evaluated on a column with a new polar-endcapped C18 stationary phase Arion® Polar C18 or well-known phase Luna® Omega Polar C18. Excellent linearity (R
2 0.9998) was shown over range 10–300 mg L−1 with mean percentage recovery 90%. Peak shapes were symmetrical in both columns, Arion® Polar C18 and Luna® Omega Polar C18, with asymmetry factor of 1.0 and 1.4, tailing factor of 1.0 and 1.2, and retention factor of 4.6 and 5.6, respectively. The Arion® Polar C18 was almost 1.4-fold more effective than Luna® Omega Polar C18 phase. The LOQ for ampicillin was achieved 10 mg L−1 for Luna® Omega Polar C18 and 5 mg L−1 for Arion® Polar C18 using 20 µL of a solution containing 0.24 mg mL−1 of cephalexin as an internal standard.
A number of articles dealing with the determination of ampicillin is limited, therefore, this study showed the HPLC method suitable for the determination of AMP in human blood plasma from patient who underwent elective cardiac surgical revascularization. In addition, the determination of AMP was also performed for the first time using an Arion® Polar C18 column, which effectively separated AMP from other compounds present in human blood plasma. This new polar-endcapped phase can help in separation of polar antibiotics or other polar compounds, which are unsuccessfully separated on conventional C18 column, and thus can help during method development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vendula Kubickova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Racova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Strojil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Santavy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Urbanek
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Xie F, Liu L, Wang Y, Peng Y, Li S. An UPLC-PDA assay for simultaneous determination of seven antibiotics in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 210:114558. [PMID: 34979490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients requires concentration monitoring due to the occurrence of pathophysiological changes and frequent extracorporeal therapy that could significantly alter the normal pharmacokinetics of drugs. Herein, we describe an ultra-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array (UPLC-PDA) for the simultaneous concentration determination of seven frequently used antibiotics (meropenem, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, piperacillin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, and tigecycline) in plasma from critically ill patients. The analytes were extracted from 200 μL human plasma by the addition of methanol for protein precipitation. The chromatographic separation was achieved using an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.8 µm) with a water (containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid)/acetonitrile linear gradient at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min in a 4.5 min turn-around time. PDA detection wavelength was set individually for the analytes. The method was fully validated according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guideline. The lower limits of quantification for the analytes were between 0.05 and 0.8 μg/mL. The method is accurate (intra/inter-assay bias -8.4 to +12.4%) and precise (intra/inter-assay coefficient of variations 0.9-10.1%) over the clinically relevant plasma concentration ranges (upper limits of quantification 5-400 µg/mL). The applicability of the method has been successfully demonstrated by analyzing plasma samples collected from critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Xie
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lanyu Liu
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yaru Peng
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Sanwang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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20
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Reeder JA, Abdallah IA, Bach T, O'Sullivan CT, Xu Y, Nalbant D, An G. Development and validation of a simple and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of cefazolin in human plasma and its application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 210:114521. [PMID: 34979494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cefazolin is widely used during surgery to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). Although cefazolin redosing is often needed due to its short half-life, the appropriate redosing schedule remains controversial and there is limited information on cefazolin disposition following repeated doses during surgery. In parallel with an ongoing cefazolin redosing clinical study, we have developed and fully validated a simple and robust liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of cefazolin in human plasma. A simple protein precipitation was used for sample preparation. MS/MS analysis was performed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) under a positive ionization mode. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for cefazolin was evaluated at 0.25 µg/mL and a linearity ranging from 0.25 to 300 µg/mL. Accuracy was ≤ 114.3% for quality controls and ≤ 118.2% for LLOQ; intra-day and inter-day precision ranging from 1.9% to 14.2% for all quality controls and LLOQ. Matrix effect, extraction recovery, stability testing, dilution integrity, hemolysis effects and whole blood stability have all been investigated. A total of 17 parameters were validated and passed their validation criteria. The method was applied in the quantification of cefazolin in clinical plasma samples and was able to successfully determine the concentrations in patients undergoing various surgeries. In comparison with other prior published methods, our method has a simple sample preparation combined with a short analysis run time, a wide dynamic range and low limit of quantification, and is a fully validated assay that abides by FDA guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Reeder
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Inas A Abdallah
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA; Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Thanh Bach
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA
| | | | - Yan Xu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Demet Nalbant
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Guohua An
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA.
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21
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A review of green solvent extraction techniques and their use in antibiotic residue analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114487. [PMID: 34864593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic residues are being continuously recognized in the aquatic environment and in food. Though the concentration of antibiotic residues is typically low, adverse effects on the environment and human health have been observed. Hence, an efficient method to determine numerous antibiotic residues should be simple, inexpensive, selective, with high throughput and with low detection limits. Liquid-based extractions have been exceedingly used for clean-up and preconcentration of antibiotics prior to chromatographic analysis. In order to make methods more green and environmentally sustainable, conventional hazardous organic solvents can be replaced with green solvents. This review presents sampling strategies as well as comprehensive and up-to-date methods for chemical analysis of antibiotic residues in different sample matrices. Particularly, solvent-based sample preparation techniques using green solvents are discussed along with applications in antibiotic residue analysis.
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22
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O'Jeanson A, Larcher R, Le Souder C, Djebli N, Khier S. Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Meropenem in Critically Ill Patients: How to Achieve Best Dosage Regimen According to the Clinical Situation. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 46:695-705. [PMID: 34403127 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-021-00709-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Meropenem is frequently used for the treatment of severe bacterial infections in critically ill patients. Because critically ill patients are more prone to pharmacokinetic variability than other patients, ensuring an effective blood concentration can be complex. Therefore, describing this variability to ensure a proper use of this antibiotic drug limits the rise and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, and helps preserve the current antibiotic arsenal. The aims of this study were to describe the pharmacokinetics of meropenem in critically ill patients, to identify and quantify the patients' characteristics responsible for the observed pharmacokinetic variability, and to perform different dosing simulations in order to determine optimal individually adapted dosing regimens. METHODS A total of 58 patients hospitalized in the medical intensive care unit and receiving meropenem were enrolled, including 26 patients with renal replacement therapy. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed (using NONMEM software) and Monte Carlo simulations were performed with different dosing scenarios (bolus-like, extended, and continuous infusion) exploring the impact of clinical categories of residual diuresis (anuria, oliguria, and preserved diuresis) on the probability of target attainment (MIC: 1-45 mg/L). RESULTS The population pharmacokinetic model included five covariates with a significant impact on clearance: glomerular filtration rate, dialysis (continuous and semi-continuous), renal function status, and volume of residual diuresis. The clearance for a typical patient in our population is 4.20 L/h and volume of distribution approximately 44 L. Performed dosing regimen simulations suggested that, for equivalent doses, the continuous infusion mode (with loading dose) allowed the obtaining of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target for a larger number of patients (100% for MIC ≤ 20 mg/L). Nevertheless, for the treatment of susceptible bacteria (MIC ≤ 2 mg/L), differences in the probability of target attainment between bolus-like, extended, and continuous infusions were negligible. CONCLUSIONS Identified covariates in the model are easily accessible information in patient health records. The model highlighted the importance of considering the patient's overall condition (renal function and dialysis) and the pathogen's characteristics (MIC target) during the establishment of a patient's dosing regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury O'Jeanson
- Pharmacokinetic Modeling Department, UFR Pharmacie, Montpellier University (School of Pharmacy), 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34000, Montpellier, France.,Probabilities and Statistics Department, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), CNRS UMR 5149, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Romaric Larcher
- Intensive Care Unit Department, Montpellier University Hospital (CHU Lapeyronie), Montpellier, France
| | - Cosette Le Souder
- Toxicology and Target Drug Monitoring Department, Montpellier University Hospital (CHU Lapeyronie), Montpellier, France
| | - Nassim Djebli
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Khier
- Pharmacokinetic Modeling Department, UFR Pharmacie, Montpellier University (School of Pharmacy), 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Probabilities and Statistics Department, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), CNRS UMR 5149, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
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23
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Hu Y, Zhu Q, Hu L, Liao C. [Simultaneous determination of 30 antibiotics in soil by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. Se Pu 2021; 39:878-888. [PMID: 34212588 PMCID: PMC9404026 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2021.02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
土壤基质复杂,土壤中残留的抗生素种类繁多,浓度多为痕量水平,高灵敏度的仪器方法、有效的净化和富集方法、多种类抗生素的同时检测是土壤中抗生素检测的重点和难点。该研究建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定土壤中7类(磺胺类、氟喹诺酮类、四环素类、大环内酯类、β-内酰胺类、酰胺醇类和林可酰胺类)30种抗生素的方法。首先,通过参数优化确定最佳质谱条件,选择BEH-C18色谱柱,以0.1%(v/v)甲酸甲醇溶液-0.1%(v/v)甲酸水溶液为流动相,10%(v/v)甲醇水溶液为进样溶剂。然后,通过提取条件(萃取剂种类及体积)和固相萃取条件(上样液pH、淋洗液有机溶剂比例、洗脱液种类及体积)的优化,确定使用10 mL乙腈和Na2EDTA-McIlvaine缓冲液的混合溶液(1:1, v/v)为萃取剂,萃取液pH调节至8.0后,采用HLB小柱进行固相萃取,并以10 mL超纯水淋洗净化,最后用10 mL甲醇-乙腈(1:1, v/v)洗脱目标分析物。在优化的分析条件下,该方法的定量限为0.043~4.04 μg/kg,目标化合物的标准曲线线性关系良好,相关系数在0.992~1.00的范围内,在20、100、200 μg/kg的添加浓度下,大多数目标化合物的加标回收率范围为44.8%~164%,相对标准偏差为0.700%~14.8%。将该方法用于6个实际土壤样品的分析,结果显示在30种抗生素中,17种抗生素有检出,其中12种抗生素的检出率为100%。环丙沙星和诺氟沙星是土壤样品中含量最高的两种抗生素,它们的含量范围分别是13.7~32.1和15.6~43.6 μg/kg。本研究建立的方法简单、快速、溶剂使用量少,能用于土壤样品中痕量水平的7类30种抗生素的同时测定。
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China;3. Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China;3. Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
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24
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Moorthy GS, Vedar C, Downes KJ, Fitzgerald JC, Scheetz MH, Zuppa AF. Microsampling Assays for Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antimicrobial Drugs in Children: A Critical Review. Ther Drug Monit 2021; 43:335-345. [PMID: 33278241 PMCID: PMC8119311 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has become a common tool for assuring the safety and efficacy of antimicrobial drugs at higher doses. Microsampling techniques, including dried blood spotting (DBS) and volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS), are attractive tools for TDM and pediatric clinical research. For microsampling techniques to be a useful tool for TDM, it is necessary to establish the blood-plasma correlation and the therapeutic window of antimicrobial drugs in the blood. METHODS DBS involves the collection of small volumes of blood (30-50 µL per spot) on a filter paper, whereas VAMS allows the accurate and precise collection of a fixed volume of blood (10-30 µL) with microsampling devices. One of the major advantages of VAMS is that it reduces or eliminates the volumetric blood hematocrit (HCT) bias associated with DBS. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the accurate quantification of antimicrobial drugs from small volumes of blood specimens. RESULTS This review summarizes the recent liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry assays that have used DBS and VAMS approaches for quantifying antimicrobial drugs. Sample collection, extraction, validation outcomes, including the interassay and intra-assay accuracy and precision, recovery, stability, and matrix effect, as well as the clinical application of these assays and their potential as tools of TDM are discussed herein. CONCLUSIONS Microsampling techniques, such as VAMS, provide an alternative approach to traditional plasma sample collection for TDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh S. Moorthy
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christina Vedar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin J. Downes
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie C. Fitzgerald
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc H. Scheetz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
- Chicago College of Pharmacy Pharmacometrics Center of Excellence, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Athena F. Zuppa
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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25
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Krnáč D, Reiffová K, Rolinski B. A new HPLC-MS/MS analytical method for quantification of tazobactam, piperacillin, and meropenem in human plasma. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2744-2753. [PMID: 33988308 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple and fast high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of tazobactam, piperacillin, and meropenem in human plasma has been developed and validated. Simple sample preparation with a volume of 10 μL was done by protein precipitation with a mixture of methanol-acetonitrile-water (6:2:2, v/v/v). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Luna column with a precolumn security guard by gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of water with the addition of 0.1% formic acid (component A) and mixture methanol-acetonitrile (8:2, v/v) with the addition of 0.1% formic acid (component B). The run time was 2.7 min. The lower limits of detection and lower limits of quantification were for piperacillin 0.03 and 0.1 mg/L, for meropenem 0.04 and 0.2 mg/L and for tazobactam 0.16 and 0.5 mg/L. The validated method was used for therapeutic monitoring of tazobactam, piperacillin, and meropenem in samples of patients treated in the intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Krnáč
- ELBLAB GmbH Zentrum für Labor Medizin Meißen Riesa Radebeul, Weinbergstraße 8, Riesa, Germany
| | - Katarína Reiffová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Boris Rolinski
- ELBLAB GmbH Zentrum für Labor Medizin Meißen Riesa Radebeul, Weinbergstraße 8, Riesa, Germany
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26
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Sato K, Ohashi E, Tsukano K, Ikeda K, Ajito T, Suzuki K. Effects of temporary cessation of milking following intramammary cefazolin sodium infusion on residual antibiotic in lactating dairy cows. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:814-818. [PMID: 33775987 PMCID: PMC8182312 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of studies were to estimate the withdrawal period of antibiotic from milk after the intramammary infusion of cefazolin sodium (CEZ) in cows with
difficulties in frequent milk discharge due to disease such as teat injury. The period was compared among cows milked twice a day after 150 or 450 mg of CEZ
were administered to all quarters (Study 1, 2) and the cows in which milking of front-right quarter was ceased for five days after administration of these
infusions to only that quarter (Study 3). In Studies 1 and 2, the median of 17.66 µg/ml and 83.18 µg/ml of CEZ were detected in the samples of first milking
after intramammary administration, respectively; however, there was no residual antibiotic by 72 hr in all cows. In Study 3, the median of 1.96 µg/ml of CEZ was
detected in the sample after the resumption of milking at 120 hr, and the residual was eliminated by 174 hr. The withdrawal period may be prolonged by the
cessation of milking after administration, and the period is the total time from cessation to 72 hr after the resumption of milking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Sato
- Large Animal Technical Services Team, Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Tokyo Branch Office, 1-2-5 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ohashi
- Manufacturing Division, Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo, 1-1 Tairanoue, Sasagawa, Asakamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-0196, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsukano
- Minami-Hokkaido Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, 74-2 Higashimae, 14 Hokuto, Hokkaido 041-1214, Japan
| | - Keiko Ikeda
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tadaharu Ajito
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary & Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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27
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Bergman J, Harvill L, Hawkins S, Sladky K, Cox S. Determination of ceftazidime in plasma by RP-HPLC and ultraviolet detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5104. [PMID: 33629742 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of ceftazidime in plasma has been developed. Using an ultrafiltration technique samples were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a Symmetry C18 4.6 × 250 mm column (5.0 μm) and ultraviolet absorbance was measured at 260 nm. The mobile phase was a mixture of 10 mm potassium phosphate monobasic pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid and acetonitrile (90:10). The standard curve ranged from 0.1 to 100 μg/ml. Intra- and inter-assay variability for ceftazidime was <12%, and the average recovery was 89%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 μg/ml. This method has been used successfully to analyze frog plasma samples at this institution and it could be applied to other small volume samples in a clinical or research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Bergman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Lainey Harvill
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Shawna Hawkins
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kurt Sladky
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sherry Cox
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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28
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Van Vooren S, Verstraete AG. A sensitive and high-throughput quantitative liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry method for therapeutic drug monitoring of 10 β-lactam antibiotics, linezolid and two β-lactamase inhibitors in human plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5092. [PMID: 33590498 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometric (UHPLC-HRMS) method was developed for the simultaneous and sensitive quantification of 10 β-lactam antibiotics (cefepime, meropenem, amoxicillin, cefazolin, benzylpenicillin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, flucloxacillin, cefuroxime and aztreonam), linezolid and β-lactamase inhibitors tazobactam and clavulanic acid in human plasma. Validation according to the EMA guidelines showed excellent within- and between-run accuracy and precision (i.e. between 1.1 and 8.5%) and high sensitivity (i.e. lower limit of quantification between 0.25 and 1 mg/L). The UHPLC-HRMS method enables a short turnaround time and high sensitivity and needs only a small amount of plasma, allowing appropriate routine therapeutic drug monitoring. The short turnaround time is obtained by speeding up the protocol on multiple levels, i.e. fast and workload-efficient sample preparation (i.e. protein precipitation and dilution), short (4 min) instrument run time, simultaneous measurement of all relevant β-lactam antibiotics used in the intensive care unit and the use of the same instrument, column and mobile phases as for the other routine methods in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Van Vooren
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain G Verstraete
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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29
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Böhle T, Georgi U, Hughes DF, Hauser O, Stamminger G, Pohlers D. Personalized antibiotic therapy – a rapid high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of eight antibiotics and voriconazole for patients in the intensive care unit. J LAB MED 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2020-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
For a long time, the therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-infectives (ATDM) was recommended only to avoid the toxic side effects of overdosing. During the last decade, however, this attitude has undergone a significant change. Insufficient antibiotic therapy may promote the occurrence of drug resistance; therefore, the “one-dose-fits-all” principle can no longer be classified as up to date. Patients in intensive care units (ICU), in particular, can benefit from individualized antibiotic therapies.
Methods
Presented here is a rapid and sufficient LC-MS/MS based assay for the analysis of eight antibiotics (ampicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, linezolid, meropenem, and piperacillin) applicated by continuous infusion and voriconazole. In addition a dose adjustment procedure for individualized antibiotic therapy has been established.
Results
The suggested dose adjustments following the initial dosing of 121 patient samples from ICUs, were evaluated over a period of three months. Only a minor percentage of the serum levels were found to be within the target range while overdosing was often observed for β-lactam antibiotics, and linezolid tended to be often underused. The results demonstrate an appreciable potential for β-lactam savings while enabling optimal therapy.
Conclusions
The presented monitoring method provides high specificity and is very robust against various interferences. A fast and straightforward method, the developed routine ensures rapid turnaround time. Its application has been well received by participating ICUs and has led to an expanding number of hospital wards participating in ATDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Böhle
- Zentrum für Diagnostik GmbH am Klinikum Chemnitz , Chemnitz , Germany
| | - Ulrike Georgi
- Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH Zentralapotheke , Chemnitz , Germany
| | - Dewi Fôn Hughes
- Zentrum für Diagnostik GmbH am Klinikum Chemnitz , Chemnitz , Germany
| | - Oliver Hauser
- Zentrum für Diagnostik GmbH am Klinikum Chemnitz , Chemnitz , Germany
| | - Gudrun Stamminger
- Zentrum für Diagnostik GmbH am Klinikum Chemnitz , Chemnitz , Germany
| | - Dirk Pohlers
- Zentrum für Diagnostik GmbH am Klinikum Chemnitz , Chemnitz , Germany
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30
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Fage D, Deprez G, Fontaine B, Wolff F, Cotton F. Simultaneous determination of 8 beta-lactams and linezolid by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection and cross-validation with a commercial immunoassay for the quantification of linezolid. Talanta 2020; 221:121641. [PMID: 33076161 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Linezolid and beta-lactams are anti-infective drugs frequently used in intensive care unit patients. Critical illness could induce alterations of pharmacokinetic parameters due to changes in the distribution, the metabolism and the elimination process. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is therefore recommended to prevent mainly under-dosing of beta-lactams or hematological and neurological toxicities of linezolid. In Multi-or Extensively-Drugs Resistant-Tuberculosis Bacteria, the regimen could include linezolid with meropenem and amoxicillin/clavulanate justifying the development of a method allowing their simultaneous quantification. The aim of this work was to develop an in-house ultra-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection (UHPLC-PDA) allowing the simultaneous determination of 8 beta-lactams (amoxicillin, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, meropenem and piperacillin) and linezolid and to cross-validate the linezolid quantification with a new commercial immunoassay (ARK kit) tested on a Cobas analyzer. The main advantages of the immunoassay are a 24/24 h random access assay which is fully automated and results provided within 2 h. The interference due to potential co-administrated drugs was evaluated on both methods. The preanalytical factors (type of matrix, stability) for linezolid were also investigated. The influence of hemolysis, icteria or lipemia on the spectroscopic detection of the immunoassay was assessed. The analytical performances were evaluated using the accuracy profiles approach with acceptance limits fixed at ±30%. Seventy patient samples were measured using both methods. No cross-reaction with the tested anti-infective drugs as well as no influence of hemolysis, lipemia, icteria were observed. The linezolid concentration could be measured on heparinized plasma or serum without a significant difference and remained stable for at least 72h at 4°C.The UHPLC-PDA method performed well in the analytical range investigated (0.25-50 mg/L for meropenem, 0.75-50 mg/L for linezolid and 1-200 mg/L for other beta-lactams) with an intermediate precision and a relative bias below 7.6 and 7.7%, respectively. The analytical range of the immunoassay was narrower, from 0.85 to 18.5 mg/L. The precision and relative bias were lower than 8.1% and 4.2%, respectively. Results obtained on clinical samples showed an acceptable difference between methods with a mean bias of -1.8% [95% confidence interval: -5.2% - 1.6%]. To conclude, both methods showed acceptable performance to perform TDM of linezolid considering the therapeutic through target of 2-8 mg/L. The choice of the method should be made according to the degree of emergency of the response required and the field of application justifying or not the simultaneous quantification of beta-lactams and linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fage
- Clinical Chemistry Department - LHUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - G Deprez
- Clinical Chemistry Department - LHUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Fontaine
- Clinical Chemistry Department - LHUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Wolff
- Clinical Chemistry Department - LHUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Cotton
- Clinical Chemistry Department - LHUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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31
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Modelling the Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Activity of Cannabinoids: A QSAR and Docking Study. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10080692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four cannabinoids active against MRSA SA1199B and XU212 were optimized at WB97XD/6-31G(d,p), and several molecular descriptors were obtained. Using a multiple linear regression method, several mathematical models with statistical significance were obtained. The robustness of the models was validated, employing the leave-one-out cross-validation and Y-scrambling methods. The entire data set was docked against penicillin-binding protein, iso-tyrosyl tRNA synthetase, and DNA gyrase. The most active cannabinoids had high affinity to penicillin-binding protein (PBP), whereas the least active compounds had low affinities for all of the targets. Among the cannabinoid compounds, Cannabinoid 2 was highlighted due to its suitable combination of both antimicrobial activity and higher scoring values against the selected target; therefore, its docking performance was compared to that of oxacillin, a commercial PBP inhibitor. The 2D figures reveal that both compounds hit the protein in the active site with a similar type of molecular interaction, where the hydroxyl groups in the aromatic ring of cannabinoids play a pivotal role in the biological activity. These results provide some evidence that the anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity of these cannabinoids may be related to the inhibition of the PBP protein; besides, the robustness of the models along with the docking and Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (QSAR) results allow the proposal of three new compounds; the predicted activity combined with the scoring values against PBP should encourage future synthesis and experimental testing.
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32
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Cairoli S, Simeoli R, Tarchi M, Dionisi M, Vitale A, Perioli L, Dionisi-Vici C, Goffredo BM. A new HPLC-DAD method for contemporary quantification of 10 antibiotics for therapeutic drug monitoring of critically ill pediatric patients. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4880. [PMID: 32396238 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The common practice of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) involves the quantification of drug plasma concentrations at a specific time in a dosing window. Although TDM for antibiotics is not considered mandatory, it may represent a valid tool for clinicians in order to limit antibiotic resistance and avoid therapeutic failures. The aim of our study was to develop and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection method for simultaneous quantification of 10 antibiotics in plasma. This method has a fast analytical procedure that uses the same chromatographic conditions to quantify ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, meropenem, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin, tigecycline, ampicillin, levofloxacin and piperacillin, plus the β-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam. Method validation was ensured by testing selectivity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection and quantification, recovery and stability. The calibration ranges, established accordingly to the expected plasma concentration in patients, showed a coefficient of determination >0.996 for all compounds. Within- and between-days precisions reported a coefficient of variation >15%. Similarly, the accuracy evaluation reported a relative standard deviation of <10% for each antibiotic. The recovery ranged between 97 and 103% for all compounds. This method could represent a useful tool for TDM of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cairoli
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Simeoli
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tarchi
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Dionisi
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Vitale
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Perioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Goffredo
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry platform for the routine therapeutic drug monitoring of 14 antibiotics: Application to critically ill pediatric patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 186:113273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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34
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Pauter K, Szultka-Młyńska M, Buszewski B. Determination and Identification of Antibiotic Drugs and Bacterial Strains in Biological Samples. Molecules 2020; 25:E2556. [PMID: 32486359 PMCID: PMC7321139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics were initially natural substances. However, nowadays, they also include synthetic drugs, which show their activity against bacteria, killing or inhibiting their growth and division. Thanks to these properties, many antibiotics have quickly found practical application in the fight against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, syphilis, gastrointestinal infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, meningitis and septicemia. Antibiotic resistance is currently a detrimental problem; therefore, in addition to the improvement of antibiotic therapy, attention should also be paid to active metabolites in the body, which may play an important role in exacerbating the existing problem. Taking into account the clinical, cognitive and diagnostic purposes of drug monitoring, it is important to select an appropriate analytical method that meets all the requirements. The detection and identification of the microorganism responsible for the infection is also an essential factor in the implementation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. In recent years, clinical microbiology laboratories have experienced revolutionary changes in the way microorganisms are identified. The MALDI-TOF MS technique may be interesting, especially in some areas where a quick analysis is required, as is the case with clinical microbiology. This method is not targeted, which means that no prior knowledge of the infectious agent is required, since identification is based on a database match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pauter
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.P.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.P.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Wang S, Li Y, Li S, Yang J, Tang R, Li X, Li L, Fei J. Platelet-rich plasma loaded with antibiotics as an affiliated treatment for infected bone defect by combining wound healing property and antibacterial activity. Platelets 2020; 32:479-491. [PMID: 32396493 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1759792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To be faced with an infected bone defect and the need to accelerate bone union while controlling infection is a welcome challenge for orthopedists. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been applied in tissue defects given their composition of growth factors however the weak antibacterial effects have limited the use of PRP in the clinical setting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of using PRP in a local antibiotic delivery system (PADS) with the characteristics of promoting wound healing of bone infection. PADS was prepared with the addition of antibiotics or no antibiotics as control after PRP was prepared by a two-step centrifugation procedure. Antibacterial tests showed zones of inhibition produced by antibiotics were not significantly different with antibiotics combined with PRP. HPLC analysis demonstrated that about 60% of the total vancomycin (VAN) and ceftazidime (CAZ) dose were released within 10 min, then the release rate gradually decreased. However, 90% clindamycin was released within 10 min. Interestingly, above 10 times the minimum inhibitory concentration was presented after 72 h. Additionally, ELISA and morphology studies of PADS indicated that loaded antibiotics could reduce the PRP-released growth factor concentration and disturb the structure of platelet-fibrin beams and fibrin network in a dose-dependent manner. Fortunately, the lower dose of antibiotics maintained their anti-microbial effect, meanwhile growth factors released from PADS, the structure of platelet-fibrin beams, fibrin network remained unaffected. In addition, a patient experiencing infected bone defect receiving this PADS treatment achieved union within the 15-month follow-up. Therefore, this novel PADS approach might represent a potential therapy for patients who have sustained infected bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochuan Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youbin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shidan Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruohui Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department 4, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Immunity and Infection, Research Institute of Surgery, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Fei
- Department of Emergency Medicine of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Preanalytical Stability of Piperacillin, Tazobactam, Meropenem, and Ceftazidime in Plasma and Whole Blood Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Ther Drug Monit 2020; 41:538-543. [PMID: 31306394 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is increasingly used to optimize the dosing of beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients. However, beta-lactams are inherently unstable and degrade over time. Hence, patient samples need to be appropriately handled and stored before analysis to generate valid results for TDM. The appropriate handling and storage conditions are not established, with few and conflicting studies on the stability of beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical samples. The aim of this study was to assess the preanalytical stability of piperacillin, tazobactam, meropenem, and ceftazidime in human plasma and whole blood using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification. METHODS A reverse phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of piperacillin, tazobactam, meropenem, and ceftazidime in plasma after protein precipitation was developed and validated. The preanalytical stability of these beta-lactams was assessed in EDTA- and citrate-anticoagulated plasma at 24, 4, and -20°C. The whole blood stability of the analytes in EDTA-anticoagulated tubes was assessed at 24°C. Stability was determined by nonlinear regression analysis defined by the lower limit of the 95th confidence interval of the time to 15% of degradation. RESULTS Based on the lower limit of the 95th confidence interval of the time to 15% of degradation, piperacillin, tazobactam, meropenem, and ceftazidime were stable in EDTA-anticoagulated plasma for at least 6 hours at 24°C, 3 days at 4°C, and 4 days at -20°C. Stability in EDTA- and citrate-anticoagulated plasma was similar. Stability in whole blood was similar to plasma at 24°C. CONCLUSIONS Plasma samples for the TDM of piperacillin, tazobactam, meropenem, and ceftazidime should be processed within 6 hours if kept at room temperature and within 3 days if kept at 4°C. All long-term storage of samples should be at -80°C.
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37
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Li Y, Xu X, Liu L, Kuang H, Xu L, Xu C. Rapid detection of 21 β-lactams using an immunochromatographic assay based on the mutant BlaR-CTD protein from Bacillus Licheniformis. Analyst 2020; 145:3257-3265. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00421a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) based on a penicillin receptor protein (PBP) is proposed to simultaneously detect penicillin, cephalosporin, and carbapenem antibiotics in milk and chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection
| | - Liguang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection
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38
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Van Toi P, Doan KV, Minh NNQ, Phuong PN, de Jong MD, van Doorn HR, Pouplin T. Investigation of early antibiotic use in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections by high-performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4699. [PMID: 31524294 PMCID: PMC7050500 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed and validated two reliable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods for the qualitative detection of six oral β-lactams, which are commonly used in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Two distinct reverse-phase chromatographic separations of six β-lactams were obtained. Four β-lactams (cefadroxil, cephalexin, cefaclor and cefixime) in urine were separated using a gradient program with a mobile phase consisting of K2 HPO4 buffer (20 mm, pH 2.8) and acetonitrile on a LichroCART 250 × 4.6 mm, Purospher STAR C18 end-capped (5 μm) column. Two remained β-lactams (amoxicillin and cefuroxime) were analyzed using a gradient elution with the mobile phase containing K2 HPO4 buffer (20 mm, pH 3.0) and acetonitrile on a LichroCart® Purospher Star C8 end-capped column (5 μm, 125 × 4.6 mm). Good linearity within the range of 0.3-30 μg/ml for cefadroxil, cephalexin, cefaclor and cefixime, and 0.2-20 μg/ml for amoxicillin and cefuroxime, was attained. The precisions were <14%. The accuracies ranged from 85.87 to 102.8%. The two validated methods were then applied to determine these six antibiotics in 553 urine samples of pediatric patients with ARIs. As a result, 32.2% were positive with one or more of six tested β-lactams. Cefixime was the most commonly detected agent, accounting for 9.8% of enrolled patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Van Toi
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Oversea Programme, Ho Chi Minh City-in Partnership with Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khanh V Doan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tan Tao University, Long An, Vietnam
| | | | - Pham Nguyen Phuong
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Oversea Programme, Ho Chi Minh City-in Partnership with Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Menno D de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Rogier van Doorn
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Oversea Programme, Ho Chi Minh City-in Partnership with Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Pouplin
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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39
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Cefotaxime pharmacokinetics in Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) calves after single intravenous injection. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:887-891. [PMID: 31696417 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cefotaxime is a third-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin acting on a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this work, the pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime were determined in dromedary camel calves by single intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg b.w. Cefotaxime levels were estimated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Cefotaxime pharmacokinetics in camel calves obeyed three-compartment kinetics model. There was a central compartment and two peripheral, one shallow and one deep compartment. The shallow compartment equilibrates very rapidly with distribution half-life (t1/2α) of 0.6 min, while the deep compartment has large distribution half-life (t1/2β) of 42 min indicating slower uptake of cefotaxime. The elimination rate constant (γ = 0.04 h-1) and elimination half-life (t1/2 γ) = 15.46 h indicating slow elimination. In comparison with other animals, cefotaxime pharmacokinetics in camel calves showed potential wide distribution in multi-compartment, lower elimination constant, lower clearance and higher volume of distribution at steady state. This indicates substantial differences in cefotaxime pharmacokinetics in camel calves with a very characteristic ultra-rapid distribution into three-compartment and slow elimination.
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40
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Bellouard R, Deslandes G, Morival C, Li J, Boutoille D, Jolliet P, Dailly É, Grégoire M. Simultaneous determination of eight β-lactam antibiotics in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 178:112904. [PMID: 31606563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring of β-lactam antibiotics is increasingly used for dose optimization in the individual patient to increase efficacy and reduce the risk of toxicity. The objective of this work is to develop and validate a fast and reliable method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometric detection to quantify simultaneously amoxicillin, cloxacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem and piperacillin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Sample clean-up included protein precipitation with acetonitrile followed by evaporation of the supernatant and reconstitution of the residue with mobile phase solvents. Eight deuterated β-lactam antibiotics were used as internal standards. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm) using a binary gradient elution of water and acetonitrile both containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid. The total run time was 8 min. The method was then used to perform therapeutic drug monitoring on 2221 patient plasma samples. 32 CSF samples were also analyzed. This method, with its simple sample preparation provides sensitive, accurate and precise quantification of the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentration of β-lactam antibiotics and can be used for therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Bellouard
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; EE1701 Microbiotas, Hosts, Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistances, Université de Nantes, 22 Boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44200 Nantes, France.
| | - Guillaume Deslandes
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Clément Morival
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Julien Li
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - David Boutoille
- Infectious Diseases Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex, France and CIC 1413, Inserm, 63 quai Magellan, 44021 Nantes Cedex 1, France; EA 3826 Thérapeutiques Cliniques et Expérimentales des Infections, Université de Nantes, 22 Boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Pascale Jolliet
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; UMR Inserm 1246 SPHERE Methods in Patients-centered Outcomes and Health Research, Université de Nantes, 22 Boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Éric Dailly
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; EE1701 Microbiotas, Hosts, Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistances, Université de Nantes, 22 Boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Matthieu Grégoire
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; UMR Inserm 1235 The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes, France
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41
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Tan Y, Song Q, Liu W, Li M, Xiao J, Chen C. Dual-channel Microchip Electrophoresis with Amperometric Detection System for Rapid Analysis of Cefoperazone and Sulbactam. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:1103-1109. [PMID: 31231088 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A dual-channel microchip electrophoresis (ME) with in-channel amperometric detection was developed for cefoperazone and sulbactam determination simultaneously. In this study, a microelectrode detector was made of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) film. The parameters including detection potential applied on working electrode, buffer concentration and pH value were optimized to improve the detection sensitivity and separation efficiency of cefoperazone and sulbactam. Under the optimal conditions, sensitive detection of cefoperazone and sulbactam was obtained with limits of detection (LODs) (S/N = 3) of 0.52 and 0.75 μg/mL, respectively. The plasma sample, which was from a patient with a brain injury taking Sulperazone, was successfully detected with a simple sample pretreatment process by dual-channel ME amperometric detection. This rapid and sensitive method possesses practical potential in clinical applications, and could provide a guidance for clinical rational drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University
| | - Qianhui Song
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University
| | - Wenfang Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University
| | - Ming Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Chuanpin Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University
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Magréault S, Leroux S, Touati J, Storme T, Jacqz-Aigrain E. UPLC/MS/MS assay for the simultaneous determination of seven antibiotics in human serum-Application to pediatric studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:256-262. [PMID: 31181488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) assay was developed for quantification of 7 antibiotics in low sample volumes (50 μL): amoxicillin, azithromycin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, metronidazole and piperacillin, for both routine monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies. After protein precipitation by acetonitrile, the antibiotics were separated on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (run time, 4 min). The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of (A) ammonium acetate (pH 2.4; 5 mM) and (B) acetonitrile acidified with 0.1% formic acid, delivered at 500 μl/min in a gradient elution mode. Total time run was 2.75 min. Ions were detected in the turbo-ion-spray-positive and multiple-reaction-monitoring modes. The assay was accurate and reproductible for the quantification of the seven antibiotics in serum samples over large concentration ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Magréault
- Department of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Leroux
- Department of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jeremie Touati
- Department of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Storme
- Department of Pharmacy, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain
- Department of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Center CIC1426, INSERM, Paris, France; University Paris 7 - Diderot - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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43
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Ferrari D, Ripa M, Premaschi S, Banfi G, Castagna A, Locatelli M. LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of linezolid, meropenem, piperacillin and teicoplanin in human plasma samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 169:11-18. [PMID: 30826487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy is a crucial aspect of the management of hospitalized patients, however, current standard dosing protocols have been shown to often attain inadequate plasmatic concentrations which may impair the clinical outcome and promote the selection of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study is to establish and validate a robust and fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous analysis of four commonly used antibiotics (Meropenem, Piperacillin, Linezolid and Teicoplanin) in human plasma according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines. Samples preparation was performed using a commercially available extraction kit which needs a very small amount of sample (50 μl). Antibiotics were detected, following a 7 min gradient separation, in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode using a Qtrap 5500 triple quadrupole instrument equipped with an electrospray source operating in positive ion mode. The method, covering the antibiotics' clinically relevant concentration ranges, is also able to quantify, individually, the major teicoplanin components. The high reproducibility and the need of a small amount of sample, associated with the use of a commercial kit, together with a short chromatographic time, makes the method particularly suited for high-throughput routine analysis. Monitoring of plasma antibiotic levels, as part of the clinical routine, would result in a quick therapy adjustment leading to a higher probability of eradicating the infection as well as a potential reduction of multidrug-resistance prevalence. The method was successfully applied to monitor the antibiotic concentration of 49 patients under therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- SCVSA Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Laboratory Medicine Service, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy.
| | - Marco Ripa
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Premaschi
- Laboratory Medicine Service, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
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44
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Simultaneous Quantification of Nine Antimicrobials by LC-MS/MS for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Critically Ill Patients. Ther Drug Monit 2019; 41:29-37. [PMID: 30320624 PMCID: PMC6358189 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate antibiotic treatment is a prerequisite for the successful treatment of systemic infections. Based on accumulating scientific evidence, a fixed dosage regimen can lead to insufficient and ineffective antibiotic therapy. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a simplified, but sensitive method for the simultaneous quantification of antimicrobials by using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the development of personalized therapy regimens using therapeutic drug monitoring. METHODS A method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of 9 antimicrobials (aciclovir, ampicillin, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, metronidazole, piperacillin, rifampicin, and tazobactam) in lithium-heparin plasma. A simple sample preparation method and a chromatographic run time of 10 minutes enabled the quick processing of the samples. The method was validated according to the guidelines for bioanalytical method validation of the European Medicines Agency and addressed sensitivity, specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, dilution integrity, carry-over, recovery, matrix effects, and stability. RESULTS The chromatographic run time was 10 minutes and antimicrobials eluted at retention times ranging from 1.1 to 2.2 minutes. Calibration curve for all antimicrobials was linear over a range of 1-100 mg/L, and a 2-fold or 5-fold dilution of the samples was possible. The method accuracy ranged from 85.1% to 114.9% for all measured antimicrobials, and the within- and between-run precision values were <11.9% and <16.5% for the lower limit of quantification. No interferences and carry-over were observed. The samples were stable for at least 5 hours at room temperature or in the autosampler (10°C). CONCLUSIONS The LC-MS/MS method developed in this study is appropriate and practical for the therapeutic drug monitoring of antimicrobials in the daily clinical laboratory practice because of its short analysis time, the need for a small amount of plasma, high specificity, and accuracy.
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Zou L, Meng F, Hu L, Huang Q, Liu M, Yin T. A novel reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the simultaneous determination of imipenem and meropenem in human plasma and its application in TDM. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 169:142-150. [PMID: 30861406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and specific reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) assay with UV detection has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of imipenem and meropenem in human plasma. The extraction process was performed through protein precipitation method using acetonitrile and dichloromethane, and the recoveries of quality controls (QCs) were > 91.5%. Isocratic elution followed by gradient elution of acetonitrile and water was employed over a C18 analytical column for separation. The detection was performed at 298 nm. This method was accurate and reproducible (coefficient of variation, CV < 8%), allowing quantification of carbapenem at the plasma-level ranges from 0.1 to 100 μg/ml without interference of any of the 30 frequently prescribed drugs. Stabilities of imipenem and meropenem were determined with or without stabilizer solutions at -80°C, -20°C, +4 °C and room temperature 20°C. These two drugs showed higher stability at the low temperatures. Addition of 3-(N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) might also increase their stability. The results of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in neonates and adults showed high inter- and intra- individual variabilities in the trough concentrations of imipenem and meropenem, thus confirming the importance and necessity of TDM. For neonatal patients, imipenem 20 mg/kg, q12h (40mg/kg/day) failed to produce significant therapeutic effects, and either the dose or the frequency was adjusted to achieve 60mg/kg/day or above to maintain the trough concentration required for the curative effect. The low operational cost and good separation efficiency would help implement this assay for the routine therapeutic drug monitoring of imipenem and meropenem in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zou
- Pharmacy department, Xiangya Hospital, Central south university, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Lin Hu
- Pharmacy department, Xiangya Hospital, Central south university, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Qi Huang
- Pharmacy department, Xiangya Hospital, Central south university, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Pharmacy department, Xiangya Hospital, Central south university, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Tao Yin
- Pharmacy department, Xiangya Hospital, Central south university, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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Farid NF, Abdelwahab NS. New ecological method for determination of different β-lactams: application to real human plasma samples. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19539-19548. [PMID: 35519414 PMCID: PMC9065318 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02671a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An innovative ecofriendly HPTLC method was established for in vivo analysis of four β-lactam antibiotics with minimal sample pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal F. Farid
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
| | - Nada S. Abdelwahab
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
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Quantification of Cefepime, Meropenem, Piperacillin, and Tazobactam in Human Plasma Using a Sensitive and Robust Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method, Part 2: Stability Evaluation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00861-18. [PMID: 29941653 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00861-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the stability of β-lactam antibiotics is a known issue, none of the previously reported bioanalytical methods had an adequate evaluation of the stability of these drugs. In the current study, the stability of cefepime, meropenem, piperacillin, and tazobactam under various conditions was comprehensively evaluated. The evaluated parameters included stock solution stability, short-term stability, long-term stability, freeze-thaw stability, processed sample stability, and whole-blood stability. When stored at -20°C, the stock solution of meropenem in methanol was stable for up to 3 weeks, and the stock solutions of cefepime, piperacillin, and tazobactam were stable for up to 6 weeks. All four antibiotics were stable in human plasma for up to 3 months when stored at -80°C and were stable in whole blood for up to 4 h at room temperature. Short-term stability results indicated that all four β-lactams were stable at room temperature for 2 h, but substantial degradation was observed when the plasma samples were stored at room temperature for 24 h, with the degradation rates for cefepime, meropenem, piperacillin, and tazobactam being 30.1%, 75.6%, 49.0%, and 37.7%, respectively. Because the stability information is method independent, our stability results can be used as a reference by other research groups that work with these antibiotics.
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Guo J, Farid MU, Lee EJ, Yan DYS, Jeong S, Kyoungjin An A. Fouling behavior of negatively charged PVDF membrane in membrane distillation for removal of antibiotics from wastewater. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Simultaneous quantification of cefepime, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, linezolid and piperacillin in human serum using an isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 152:102-110. [PMID: 29414000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a robust multi-analyte high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous quantification of cefepime, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, linezolid and piperacillin, which are the most commonly used antibiotics in intensive care units. Sample clean-up included a protein precipitation protocol, followed by chromatographic separation on a C8 reverse phase HPLC column within 4 min, using a formic acid-ammonium formiate methanol step-elution gradient. All compounds were detected with electrospray ionization (ESI+) mass spectrometry in multiple reaction time monitoring. The method was validated according to the protocol from the European Medicines Agency and was thoroughly evaluated for interferences and quantification linearity. Linear relationships between peak area responses and drug concentrations were obtained in the range of 0.25-200 mg/l for cefepime, 0.25-120 mg/l for meropenem, 0.05-10 mg/l for ciprofloxacin, 0.125-10 mg/l for moxifloxacin, 0.125-50 mg/l for linezolid and 0.5-400 mg/l for piperacillin with an R2 > 0.997. Imprecision and inaccuracy values (both intra- and inter-assay) were ≤ 6.8% and ≤10.9% for all analytes in quality control samples, respectively. The assay proved to be selective for the study antibiotics, and the internal standards consistently compensated for matrix effects. The described simple and reliable HPLC-MS/MS assay is a powerful tool for routine TDM of cefepime, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, linezolid and piperacillin in human serum in clinical laboratories. With a total process time of approximately 30 min, it allows for accurate and selective quantification up to the expected pharmacokinetic peak concentrations.
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Lefeuvre S, Bois-Maublanc J, Hocqueloux L, Bret L, Francia T, Eleout-Da Violante C, Billaud EM, Barbier F, Got L. A simple ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous quantification of 15 antibiotics in plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1065-1066:50-58. [PMID: 28946125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic (ATB) treatment of critically ill patients with pathophysiological injuries remains a challenge due to the constant increase in antimicrobial resistance. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is advised for ATB dose adjustments to avoid suboptimal concentrations and dose-related adverse effects. Therefore, a single and reliable analytical method for a broad selection of ATBs was developed using a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) platform for frequent use in intensive care units. An UHPLC assay coupled to high resolution accurate mass acquisition has been developed for the quantification of penicillins (amoxicillin, oxacillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin), cephalosporines (cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone), carbapenems (ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem), lincosamide (clindamycin), quinolones (ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) and tazobactam. Plasma samples (100μL) were spiked with an internal standard solution followed by protein precipitation. Separation was achieved on an Accucore C18 column, which enabled sample analysis every 9min. All compounds were detected in electrospray positive ion mode and quantified with a linear regression between 0.5 and 32mg/L (r2>0.998). Overall precision and accuracy did not exceed 15%. No significant matrix effect was observed for the studied ATBs. Stored stock solutions at -20°C were stable for 6 months, except for amoxicillin and imipenem. Analytes in plasma were stable for 24h under ambient conditions as well as in post-preparation in an autosampler, except for amoxicillin and imipenem. This HRMS assay provides the simultaneous quantification of 15 ATB; it fulfills the usual quality criteria and was successfully applied for routine TDM of ATBs. The method is based on a full scan acquisition, and it would be easy to add other compounds to the present panel in the future, as this assay has already been proven to be efficient for different classes of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lefeuvre
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHR Orléans, France.
| | | | - L Hocqueloux
- Tropical and Infectious Deseases Department, CHR Orléans, France
| | - L Bret
- Laboratory de Microbiology-Virology, CHR Orléans, France
| | - T Francia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHR Orléans, France
| | | | - E M Billaud
- Pharmacology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - F Barbier
- Intensive care Department, CHR Orléans, France
| | - L Got
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHR Orléans, France
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