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Bhowmik P, Modi B, Roy P, Chowdhury A. Strategies to combat Gram-negative bacterial resistance to conventional antibacterial drugs: a review. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023; 14:333-346. [PMID: 37920891 PMCID: PMC10626324 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance raises the fear of untreatable diseases. Antimicrobial resistance is a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon that is the cumulative result of different factors. While Gram-positive pathogens, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile, were previously the most concerning issues in the field of public health, Gram-negative pathogens are now of prime importance. The World Health Organization's priority list of pathogens mostly includes multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms particularly carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The spread of Gram-negative bacterial resistance is a global issue, involving a variety of mechanisms. Several strategies have been proposed to control resistant Gram-negative bacteria, such as the development of antimicrobial auxiliary agents and research into chemical compounds with new modes of action. Another emerging trend is the development of naturally derived antibacterial compounds that aim for targets novel areas, including engineered bacteriophages, probiotics, metal-based antibacterial agents, odilorhabdins, quorum sensing inhibitors, and microbiome-modifying agents. This review focuses on the current status of alternative treatment regimens against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, aiming to provide a snapshot of the situation and some information on the broader context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bhowmik
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India
| | - Barkha Modi
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, Kolkata, India
| | - Parijat Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India
| | - Antarika Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India
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2
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Sellera FP, Fuentes-Castillo D, Furlan JPR. One Health Spread of 16S Ribosomal RNA Methyltransferase-Harboring Gram-Negative Bacterial Genomes: An Overview of the Americas. Pathogens 2023; 12:1164. [PMID: 37764972 PMCID: PMC10536106 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antimicrobials remain valuable therapeutic options, but their effectiveness has been threatened by the production of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA methyltransferases (16S-RMTases). In this study, we evaluated the genomic epidemiology of 16S-RMTase genes among Gram-negative bacteria circulating in the American continent. A total of 4877 16S-RMTase sequences were identified mainly in Enterobacterales and nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli isolated from humans, animals, foods, and the environment during 1931-2023. Most of the sequences identified were found in the United States, Brazil, Canada, and Mexico, and the prevalence of 16S-RMTase genes have increased in the last five years (2018-2022). The three species most frequently carrying 16S-RMTase genes were Acinetobacter baummannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. The armA gene was the most prevalent, but other 16S-RMTase genes (e.g., rmtB, rmtE, and rmtF) could be emerging backstage. More than 90% of 16S-RMTase sequences in the Americas were found in North American countries, and although the 16S-RMTase genes were less prevalent in Central and South American countries, these findings may be underestimations due to limited genomic data. Therefore, whole-genome sequence-based studies focusing on aminoglycoside resistance using a One Health approach in low- and middle-income countries should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Parra Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil;
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos 11065-402, Brazil
| | - Danny Fuentes-Castillo
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán 3780000, Chile;
| | - João Pedro Rueda Furlan
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil
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3
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Barbu IC, Gheorghe-Barbu I, Grigore GA, Vrancianu CO, Chifiriuc MC. Antimicrobial Resistance in Romania: Updates on Gram-Negative ESCAPE Pathogens in the Clinical, Veterinary, and Aquatic Sectors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7892. [PMID: 37175597 PMCID: PMC10178704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and members of the Enterobacterales order are a challenging multi-sectorial and global threat, being listed by the WHO in the priority list of pathogens requiring the urgent discovery and development of therapeutic strategies. We present here an overview of the antibiotic resistance profiles and epidemiology of Gram-negative pathogens listed in the ESCAPE group circulating in Romania. The review starts with a discussion of the mechanisms and clinical significance of Gram-negative bacteria, the most frequent genetic determinants of resistance, and then summarizes and discusses the epidemiological studies reported for A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacterales-resistant strains circulating in Romania, both in hospital and veterinary settings and mirrored in the aquatic environment. The Romanian landscape of Gram-negative pathogens included in the ESCAPE list reveals that all significant, clinically relevant, globally spread antibiotic resistance genes and carrying platforms are well established in different geographical areas of Romania and have already been disseminated beyond clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Gheorghe-Barbu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Alexandra Grigore
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
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4
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Research Updates of Plasmid-Mediated Aminoglycoside Resistance 16S rRNA Methyltransferase. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070906. [PMID: 35884160 PMCID: PMC9311965 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the wide spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, a variety of aminoglycosides have been used in clinical practice as one of the effective options for antimicrobial combinations. However, in recent years, the emergence of high-level resistance against pan-aminoglycosides has worsened the status of antimicrobial resistance, so the production of 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase) should not be ignored as one of the most important resistance mechanisms. What is more, on account of transferable plasmids, the horizontal transfer of resistance genes between pathogens becomes easier and more widespread, which brings challenges to the treatment of infectious diseases and infection control of drug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we will make a presentation on the prevalence and genetic environment of 16S-RMTase encoding genes that lead to high-level resistance to aminoglycosides.
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Nageeb WM, Hetta HF. The predictive potential of different molecular markers linked to amikacin susceptibility phenotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267396. [PMID: 35468158 PMCID: PMC9037933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Informed antibiotic prescription offers a practical solution to antibiotic resistance problem. With the increasing affordability of different sequencing technologies, molecular-based resistance prediction would direct proper antibiotic selection and preserve available agents. Amikacin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside exhibiting higher clinical efficacy and less resistance rates in Ps. aeruginosa due to its structural nature and its ability to achieve higher serum concentrations at lower therapeutic doses. This study examines the predictive potential of molecular markers underlying amikacin susceptibility phenotypes in order to provide improved diagnostic panels. Using a predictive model, genes and variants underlying amikacin resistance have been statistically and functionally explored in a large comprehensive and diverse set of Ps. aeruginosa completely sequenced genomes. Different genes and variants have been examined for their predictive potential and functional correlation to amikacin susceptibility phenotypes. Three predictive sets of molecular markers have been identified and can be used in a complementary manner, offering promising molecular diagnostics. armR, nalC, nalD, mexR, mexZ, ampR, rmtD, nalDSer32Asn, fusA1Y552C, fusA1D588G, arnAA170T, and arnDG206C have been identified as the best amikacin resistance predictors in Ps. aeruginosa while faoAT385A, nuoGA890T, nuoGA574T, lptAT55A, lptAR62S, pstBR87C, gidBE126G, gidBQ28K, amgSE108Q, and rplYQ41L have been identified as the best amikacin susceptibility predictors. Combining different measures of predictive performance together with further functional analysis can help design new and more informative molecular diagnostic panels. This would greatly inform and direct point of care diagnosis and prescription, which would consequently preserve amikacin functionality and usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wedad M. Nageeb
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Helal F. Hetta
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Esposito F, Cardoso B, Fontana H, Fuga B, Cardenas-Arias A, Moura Q, Fuentes-Castillo D, Lincopan N. Genomic Analysis of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Urban Rivers Confirms Spread of Clone Sequence Type 277 Carrying Broad Resistome and Virulome Beyond the Hospital. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:701921. [PMID: 34539602 PMCID: PMC8446631 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.701921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissemination of antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens beyond hospital settings is both a public health and an environmental problem. In this regard, high-risk clones exhibiting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype have shown rapid adaptation at the human-animal-environment interface. In this study, we report genomic data and the virulence potential of the carbapenemase, São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase (SPM-1)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (Pa19 and Pa151) isolated from polluted urban rivers, in Brazil. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a wide resistome to clinically relevant antibiotics (carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fosfomycin, sulfonamides, phenicols, and fluoroquinolones), biocides (quaternary ammonium compounds) and heavy metals (copper), whereas the presence of exotoxin A, alginate, quorum sensing, types II, III, and IV secretion systems, colicin, and pyocin encoding virulence genes was associated with a highly virulent behavior in the Galleria mellonella infection model. These results confirm the spread of healthcare-associated critical-priority P. aeruginosa belonging to the MDR sequence type 277 (ST277) clone beyond the hospital, highlighting that the presence of these pathogens in environmental water samples can have clinical implications for humans and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Esposito
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herrison Fontana
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Cardenas-Arias
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo, Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Danny Fuentes-Castillo
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Kaze M, Brooks L, Sistrom M. Antimicrobial resistance in Bacillus-based biopesticide products. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2021; 167. [PMID: 34351257 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The crisis of antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections is one of the most pressing public health issues. Common agricultural practices have been implicated in the generation of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Biopesticides, live bacteria used for pest control, are non-pathogenic and considered safe for consumption. Application of bacteria-based pesticides to crops in high concentrations raises the possibility of unintentional contributions to the movement and generation of antimicrobial resistance genes in the environment. However, the presence of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes and their resistance phenotypes are currently unknown. Here we use a combination of multiple bioinformatic and microbiological techniques to define resistomes of widely used biopesticides and determine how the presence of suspected antimicrobial resistance genes translates to observable resistance phenotypes in several biopesticide products. Our results demonstrate that biopesticide products are reservoirs of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes and bear resistance to multiple drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Kaze
- Department of Quantitative and Systems Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, USA
| | - Lauren Brooks
- Department of Biology, Utah Valley University, Orem, USA
| | - Mark Sistrom
- Department of Quantitative and Systems Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, USA
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8
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Functional and Structural Characterization of Acquired Pan-Aminoglycoside Resistance 16S rRNA Methyltransferase NpmB1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0100921. [PMID: 34310216 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01009-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational methylation of the A site of 16S rRNA at position A1408 leads to pan-aminoglycoside resistance encompassing both 4,5- and 4,6-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamine (DOS) aminoglycosides. To date, NpmA is the only acquired enzyme with such function. Here, we present function and structure of NpmB1 whose sequence was identified in Escherichia coli genomes registered from the United Kingdom. NpmB1 possesses 40% amino acid identity with NpmA1 and confers resistance to all clinically relevant aminoglycosides including 4,5-DOS agents. Phylogenetic analysis of NpmB1 and NpmB2, its single amino acid variant, revealed that the encoding gene was likely acquired by E. coli from a soil bacterium. The structure of NpmB1 suggests that it requires a structural change of the β6/7 linker in order to bind to 16S rRNA. These findings establish NpmB1 and NpmB2 as the second group of acquired pan-aminoglycoside resistance 16S rRNA methyltransferases.
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9
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Hobson C, Chan AN, Wright GD. The Antibiotic Resistome: A Guide for the Discovery of Natural Products as Antimicrobial Agents. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3464-3494. [PMID: 33606500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The use of life-saving antibiotics has long been plagued by the ability of pathogenic bacteria to acquire and develop an array of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The sum of these resistance mechanisms, the antibiotic resistome, is a formidable threat to antibiotic discovery, development, and use. The study and understanding of the molecular mechanisms in the resistome provide the basis for traditional approaches to combat resistance, including semisynthetic modification of naturally occurring antibiotic scaffolds, the development of adjuvant therapies that overcome resistance mechanisms, and the total synthesis of new antibiotics and their analogues. Using two major classes of antibiotics, the aminoglycosides and tetracyclines as case studies, we review the success and limitations of these strategies when used to combat the many forms of resistance that have emerged toward natural product-based antibiotics specifically. Furthermore, we discuss the use of the resistome as a guide for the genomics-driven discovery of novel antimicrobials, which are essential to combat the growing number of emerging pathogens that are resistant to even the newest approved therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hobson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrew N Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Gerard D Wright
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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Hong JS, Song W, Park MJ, Jeong S, Lee N, Jeong SH. Molecular Characterization of the First Emerged NDM-1-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in South Korea. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 27:1063-1070. [PMID: 33332204 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CPPA) is a threat to public health. This study aimed to describe the first emergence and molecular characterization of NDM-1-producing P. aeruginosa in South Korea. A total of 183 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates were recovered from patients at a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The antimicrobial resistance genes and their genetic environments were determined through molecular sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK 2 system and broth microdilution method. Genetic relatedness was assessed using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out to analyze the entire genome of a CPPA isolated from the index patient; the first identified infected patient. All 16 CPPA isolates from the 183 CRPA carried the blaNDM-1 gene and exhibited a high level of resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin. Fifteen of the 16 isolates were recovered from urine samples. They were attributed to ST773 and showed high clonal similarity (>86%). Post-WGS analysis revealed that the blaNDM-1 gene and the 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene rmtB4 were located in the integrative and conjugative element (ICE) on the chromosome. This ICE6660-like region was very similar to the ICE6660 region carrying the blaNDM-1 gene and the 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene rmtD3 in a previously described P. aeruginosa strain. This study described the first emergence and clonal spread of the NDM-1-producing P. aeruginosa ST773 isolates possessing rmtB4, at a university hospital in South Korea, suggesting that continuous surveillance is necessary to prevent infection and transmission of these CRPAs, which can endanger public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research, Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonkeun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seri Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Nuri Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seok Hoon Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research, Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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da Paz Pereira JN, de Andrade CADN, da Costa Lima JL, de Lima Neto RG, de Araújo PSR, Maciel MAV. Clonal Dissemination of Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii Carriers of 16S rRNA Methylase Genes in an Oncological Hospital in Recife, Brazil. Curr Microbiol 2019; 77:32-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01786-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Honda NH, Aoki K, Kamisasanuki T, Matsuda N, To M, Matsushima H, Ishii Y, Haruki K. Isolation of three distinct carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria from a Vietnamese medical tourist. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25:811-815. [PMID: 30987949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium were isolated from a single patient. The patient came to Japan for advanced medical treatment after having undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy and hospitalization in Vietnam. Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed that K. pneumoniae harbored blaOXA-48 that was found on a Col156 -type small plasmid, E. coli harbored blaNDM-5 and P. aeruginosa harbored both blaNDM-1 and 16S rRNA methyltransferase (rmtB). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of detection of K. pneumoniae harboring blaOXA-48 on a Col156-type small plasmid in the world and P. aeruginosa coharboring genes encoding NDM-1 and RmtB in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsue Hosono Honda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan; Department of Infection Control & Infectious Diseases, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Aoki
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Toshiro Kamisasanuki
- Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Naoto Matsuda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan; Department of Infection Control & Infectious Diseases, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Masako To
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Hisao Matsushima
- Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Kosuke Haruki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan; Department of Infection Control & Infectious Diseases, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
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13
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Eichenberger EM, Thaden JT. Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Resistance of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8020037. [PMID: 30959901 PMCID: PMC6628318 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has increased markedly in gram-negative bacteria over the last two decades, and in many cases has been associated with increased mortality and healthcare costs. The adoption of genotyping and next generation whole genome sequencing of large sets of clinical bacterial isolates has greatly expanded our understanding of how antibiotic resistance develops and transmits among bacteria and between patients. Diverse mechanisms of resistance, including antibiotic degradation, antibiotic target modification, and modulation of permeability through the bacterial membrane have been demonstrated. These fundamental insights into the mechanisms of gram-negative antibiotic resistance have influenced the development of novel antibiotics and treatment practices in highly resistant infections. Here, we review the mechanisms and global epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in some of the most clinically important resistance phenotypes, including carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae, extensively drug resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and XDR Acinetobacter baumannii. Understanding the resistance mechanisms and epidemiology of these pathogens is critical for the development of novel antibacterials and for individual treatment decisions, which often involve alternatives to β-lactam antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Eichenberger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Joshua T Thaden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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PASSARELLI-ARAUJO HEMANOEL, PALMEIRO JUSSARAK, MOHARANA KANHUC, PEDROSA-SILVA FRANCISNEI, DALLA-COSTA LIBERAM, VENANCIO THIAGOM. Molecular epidemiology of 16S rRNA methyltransferase in Brazil: RmtG in Klebsiella aerogenes ST93 (CC4). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 91:e20180762. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-376520182018762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - JUSSARA K. PALMEIRO
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Padre Camargo, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Brazil
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
The nonfermenting bacteria belonging to
Acinetobacter
spp. and
Pseudomonas
spp. are capable of colonizing both humans and animals and can also be opportunistic pathogens. More specifically, the species
Acinetobacter baumannii
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
have been recurrently reported as multidrug-resistant and even pandrug-resistant in clinical isolates. Both species were categorized among the ESKAPE pathogens, ESKAPE standing for
Enterococcus faecium
,
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Klebsiella pneumoniae
,
A. baumannii
,
P. aeruginosa
, and
Enterobacter
species. These six pathogens are the major cause of nosocomial infections in the United States and are a threat all over the world because of their capacity to become increasingly resistant to all available antibiotics.
A. baumannii
and
P. aeruginosa
are both intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics due to complementary mechanisms, the main ones being the low permeability of their outer membrane, the production of the AmpC beta-lactamase, and the production of several efflux systems belonging to the resistance-nodulation-cell division family. In addition, they are both capable of acquiring multiple resistance determinants, such as beta-lactamases or carbapenemases. Even if such enzymes have rarely been identified in bacteria of animal origin, they may sooner or later spread to this reservoir. The goal of this article is to give an overview of the resistance phenotypes described in these pathogens and to provide a comprehensive analysis of all data that have been reported on
Acinetobacter
spp. and
Pseudomonas
spp. from animal hosts.
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16
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Mohanam L, Menon T. Emergence of rmtC and rmtF 16S rRNA methyltransferase in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Indian J Med Microbiol 2018; 35:282-285. [PMID: 28681822 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_16_231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Occurrence of aminoglycoside (AG) resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is investigated in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for amikacin and gentamicin were performed followed by polymerase chain reaction amplifications of AG modifying enzyme genes (aac(6´)-I, aac(6´)-II, aac(3)-II/VI, ant(2´´)-I, aph(3´)-VI) and 16S methylases (rmtA-D, rmtF and armA). MIC50and MIC90were 64, 128 and > 256, >256 for amikacin and gentamicin, respectively. Four types of genes (aac(6´)-I, aac(3)-II/VI, ant(2´´)-I and aph(3´)-VI) were found in 53 (57.6%) isolates. ant(2´´)-I was the most predominant gene (28 isolates) followed by aac(6´)-I (23 isolates). Nineteen (20.6%) isolates were positive for 16S RMTases (rmtB, rmtC, rmtF and armA) and two isolates co-harboured rmtB + rmtC + rmtF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Mohanam
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangam Menon
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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A New Variant of 16S rRNA Methylase, RmtD3, in a Clinical Isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Myanmar. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 62:AAC.01806-17. [PMID: 29084752 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01806-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Takahashi Y, Igarashi M. Destination of aminoglycoside antibiotics in the 'post-antibiotic era'. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 71:ja2017117. [PMID: 29066797 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) were developed at the dawn of the antibiotics era and have significantly aided in the treatment of infectious diseases. Aminoglycosides have become one of the four major types of antibiotics in use today and, fortunately, still have an important role in the clinical treatment of severe bacterial infections. In this review, the current usage, modes of action and side effects of AGAs, along with the most common bacterial resistance mechanisms, are outlined. Finally, the recent development situation and possibility of new AGAs in the 'post-antibiotic era' are considered.The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, 25 October 2017; doi:10.1038/ja.2017.117.
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19
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in Nepal Coproducing Metallo-β-Lactamases and 16S rRNA Methyltransferases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00694-17. [PMID: 28696242 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00694-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 11 multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates were obtained in Nepal. Four of these isolates harbored genes encoding one or more carbapenemases (DIM-1, NDM-1, and/or VIM-2), and five harbored genes encoding a 16S rRNA methyltransferase (RmtB4 or RmtF2). A novel RmtF variant, RmtF2, had a substitution (K65E) compared with the same gene in RmtF. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing carbapenemase- and 16S rRNA methyltransferase-coproducing P. aeruginosa clinical isolates in Nepal.
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20
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Doi Y, Wachino JI, Arakawa Y. Aminoglycoside Resistance: The Emergence of Acquired 16S Ribosomal RNA Methyltransferases. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017; 30:523-537. [PMID: 27208771 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside-producing Actinobacteria are known to protect themselves from their own aminoglycoside metabolites by producing 16S ribosomal RNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase), which prevents them from binding to the 16S rRNA targets. Ten acquired 16S-RMTases have been reported from gram-negative pathogens. Most of them posttranscriptionally methylate residue G1405 of 16S rRNA resulting in high-level resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and plazomicin. Strains that produce 16S-RMTase are frequently multidrug-resistant or even extensively drug-resistant. Although the direct clinical impact of high-level aminoglycoside resistance resulting from production of 16S-RMTase is yet to be determined, ongoing spread of this mechanism will further limit treatment options for multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant gram-negative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S829 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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21
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Kashef MT, Helmy OM. Genetic Characterization of a Novel Composite Transposon Carrying armA and aac(6)-Ib Genes in an Escherichia coli Isolate from Egypt. Pol J Microbiol 2017; 66:163-169. [PMID: 28735317 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.7835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycosides are used in treating a wide range of infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; however, aminoglycoside resistance is common and occurs by several mechanisms. Among these mechanisms is bacterial rRNA methylation by the 16S rRNA methyl transferase (16S-RMTase) enzymes; but data about the spread of this mechanism in Egypt are scarce. Cephalosporins are the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in Egypt; therefore, this study was conducted to determine the frequency of 16S-RMTase among third generation cephalosporin-resistant clinical isolates in Egypt. One hundred and twenty three cephalosporin resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates were screened for aminoglycosides resistance by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method and tested for possible production of 16S-RMTase. PCR testing and sequencing were used to confirm the presence of 16S-RMTase and the associated antimicrobial resistance determinants, as well as the genetic region surrounding the armA gene. Out of 123 isolates, 66 (53.66%) were resistant to at least one aminoglycoside antibiotic. Only one Escherichia coli isolate (E9ECMO) which was totally resistant to all tested aminoglycosides, was confirmed to have the armA gene in association with blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14 and aac(6)-Ib genes. The armA gene was found to be carried on a large A/C plasmid. Genetic mapping of the armA surrounding region revealed, for the first time, the association of armA with aac(6)-Ib on the same transposon. In conclusion, the isolation frequency of 16S-RMTase was low among the tested aminoglycoside-resistant clinical samples. However, a novel composite transposon has been detected conferring high-level aminoglycosides resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona T Kashef
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omneya M Helmy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Głuszek S, Sas-Paszt L, Sumorok B, Kozera R. Biochar-Rhizosphere Interactions – a Review. Pol J Microbiol 2017; 66:151-161. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.6288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a solid material of biological origin obtained from biomass carbonization, designed as a mean to reduce greenhouse gases emission and carbon sequestration in soils for a long time. Biochar has a wide spectrum of practical utilization and is applied as a promising soil improver or fertilizer in agriculture, or as a medium for soil or water remediation. Preparations of biochar increase plant growth and yielding when applied into soil and also improve plant growth conditions, mainly bio, physical and chemical properties of soil. Its physical and chemical properties have an influence on bacteria, fungi and invertebrates, both in field and laboratory conditions. Such effects on rhizosphere organisms are positive or negative depending on biochar raw material origin, charring conditions, frequency of applications, applications method and doses, but long term effects are generally positive and are associated mainly with increased soil biota activity. However, a risk assessment of biochar applications is necessary to protect food production and the soil environment. This should be accomplished by biochar production and characterization, land use implementation, economic analysis, including life cycle assessment, and environmental impact assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beata Sumorok
- Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland
| | - Ryszard Kozera
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Nascimento APB, Ortiz MF, Martins WMBS, Morais GL, Fehlberg LCC, Almeida LGP, Ciapina LP, Gales AC, Vasconcelos ATR. Intraclonal Genome Stability of the Metallo-β-lactamase SPM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST277, an Endemic Clone Disseminated in Brazilian Hospitals. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1946. [PMID: 27994579 PMCID: PMC5136561 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenems represent the mainstay therapy for the treatment of serious P. aeruginosa infections. However, the emergence of carbapenem resistance has jeopardized the clinical use of this important class of compounds. The production of SPM-1 metallo-β-lactamase has been the most common mechanism of carbapenem resistance identified in P. aeruginosa isolated from Brazilian medical centers. Interestingly, a single SPM-1-producing P. aeruginosa clone belonging to the ST277 has been widely spread within the Brazilian territory. In the current study, we performed a next-generation sequencing of six SPM-1-producing P. aeruginosa ST277 isolates. The core genome contains 5899 coding genes relative to the reference strain P. aeruginosa PAO1. A total of 26 genomic islands were detected in these isolates. We identified remarkable elements inside these genomic islands, such as copies of the blaSPM−1 gene conferring resistance to carbapenems and a type I-C CRISPR-Cas system, which is involved in protection of the chromosome against foreign DNA. In addition, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms causing amino acid changes in antimicrobial resistance and virulence-related genes. Together, these factors could contribute to the marked resistance and persistence of the SPM-1-producing P. aeruginosa ST277 clone. A comparison of the SPM-1-producing P. aeruginosa ST277 genomes showed that their core genome has a high level nucleotide similarity and synteny conservation. The variability observed was mainly due to acquisition of genomic islands carrying several antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P B Nascimento
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Mauro F Ortiz
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Willames M B S Martins
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Morais
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Lorena C C Fehlberg
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz G P Almeida
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Luciane P Ciapina
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana C Gales
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana T R Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica Petrópolis, Brazil
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24
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Beyrouthy R, Robin F, Hamze M, Bonnet R. IncFIIk plasmid harbouring an amplification of 16S rRNA methyltransferase-encoding gene rmtH associated with mobile element ISCR2. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 72:402-406. [PMID: 27793962 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the resistance mechanisms and genetic support underlying the high resistance level of the Klebsiella pneumoniae strain CMUL78 to aminoglycoside and β-lactam antibiotics. METHODS Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by the disc diffusion method and MICs were determined by the microdilution method. Antibiotic resistance genes and their genetic environment were characterized by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Plasmid contents were analysed in the clinical strain and transconjugants obtained by mating-out assays. Complete plasmid sequencing was performed with PacBio and Illumina technology. RESULTS Strain CMUL78 co-produced the 16S rRNA methyltransferase (RMTase) RmtH, carbapenemase OXA-48 and ESBL SHV-12. The rmtH- and blaSHV-12-encoding genes were harboured by a novel ∼115 kb IncFIIk plasmid designated pRmtH, and blaOXA-48 by a ∼62 kb IncL/M plasmid related to pOXA-48a. pRmtH plasmid possessed seven different stability modules, one of which is a novel hybrid toxin-antitoxin system. Interestingly, pRmtH plasmid harboured a 4-fold amplification of an rmtH-ISCR2 unit arranged in tandem and inserted within a novel IS26-based composite transposon designated Tn6329. CONCLUSIONS This is the first known report of the 16S RMTase-encoding gene rmtH in a plasmid. The rmtH-ISCR2 unit was inserted in a composite transposon as a 4-fold tandem repeat, a scarcely reported organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racha Beyrouthy
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Bactériologie Clinique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, laboratoire associé, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, M2iSH, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UMR INSERM 1071, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,USC INRA2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederic Robin
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Bactériologie Clinique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, laboratoire associé, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, M2iSH, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UMR INSERM 1071, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,USC INRA2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale en Sciences et Technologies et Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Richard Bonnet
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Bactériologie Clinique, Clermont-Ferrand, France .,Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, laboratoire associé, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, M2iSH, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UMR INSERM 1071, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,USC INRA2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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25
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Grazziotin AL, Vidal NM, Palmeiro JK, Dalla-Costa LM, Venancio TM. Genome Sequencing of Four Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter aerogenes Isolates from Hospitalized Patients in Brazil. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1649. [PMID: 27833588 PMCID: PMC5081556 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Grazziotin
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroCampos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Newton M. Vidal
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jussara K. Palmeiro
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Unidade Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do ParanáCuritiba, Brazil
- Faculdades e Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno PríncipeCuritiba, Brazil
| | - Libera Maria Dalla-Costa
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Unidade Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do ParanáCuritiba, Brazil
- Faculdades e Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno PríncipeCuritiba, Brazil
| | - Thiago M. Venancio
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroCampos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
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26
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Cacci LC, Chuster SG, Martins N, do Carmo PR, Girão VBDC, Nouér SA, de Freitas WV, de Matos JA, Magalhães ACDG, Ferreira ALP, Picão RC, Moreira BM. Mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in endemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates after an SPM-1 metallo-β-lactamase producing strain subsided in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:551-8. [PMID: 27653359 PMCID: PMC5027862 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760160116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistance mechanisms are a challenge in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We investigated changes in P. aeruginosa carbapenem-resistance determinants over a time period of eight years after the emergence of São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase in a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were screened for P. aeruginosa colonisation and followed for the occurrence of infections from April 2007 to April 2008. The ICU environment was also sampled. Isolates were typed using random amplified polymorphic DNA, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion and E-test, production of carbapenemases by a modified-CarbaNP test and presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes by polymerase chain reaction. Non-carbapenemase resistance mechanisms studied included efflux and AmpC overexpression by PAβN and cloxacillin susceptibility enhancement, respectively, as well as oprD mutations. From 472 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates (93 patients) and 17 isolates from the ICU environment, high genotypic diversity and several international clones were observed; one environment isolate belonged to the blaSPM-1 P. aeruginosa epidemic genotype. Among isolates from infections, 10 (29%) were carbapenem resistant: none produced carbapenemases, three exhibited all non-carbapenemase mechanisms studied, six presented a combination of two mechanisms, and one exclusively displayed oprD mutations. Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa displayed a polyclonal profile after the SPM-1 epidemic genotype declined. This phenomenon is connected with blaSPM-1 P. aeruginosa replaced by other carbapenem-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Camila Cacci
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Stephanie Gomes Chuster
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde,
Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Natacha Martins
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Pâmella Rodrigues do Carmo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde,
Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Simone Aranha Nouér
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Renata Cristina Picão
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde,
Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde,
Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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27
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Klastersky J, Paesmans M, Aoun M, Georgala A, Loizidou A, Lalami Y, Dal Lago L. Clinical research in febrile neutropenia in cancer patients: Past achievements and perspectives for the future. World J Clin Infect Dis 2016; 6:37-60. [DOI: 10.5495/wjcid.v6.i3.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Febrile neutropenia (FN) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. It can also be the reason for delaying or changing potentially effective treatments and generates substantial costs. It has been recognized for more than 50 years that empirical administration of broad spectrum antibiotics to patients with FN was associated with much improved outcomes; that has become a paradigm of management. Increase in the incidence of microorganisms resistant to many antibiotics represents a challenge for the empirical antimicrobial treatment and is a reason why antibiotics should not be used for the prevention of neutropenia. Prevention of neutropenia is best performed with the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs). Prophylactic administration of G-CSFs significantly reduces the risk of developing FN and consequently the complications linked to that condition; moreover, the administration of G-CSF is associated with few complications, most of which are not severe. The most common reason for not using G-CSF as a prophylaxis of FN is the relatively high cost. If FN occurs, in spite of prophylaxis, empirical therapy with broad spectrum antibiotics is mandatory. However it should be adjusted to the risk of complications as established by reliable predictive instruments such as the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer. Patients predicted at a low level of risk of serious complications, can generally be treated with orally administered antibiotics and as out-patients. Patients with a high risk of complications should be hospitalized and treated intravenously. A short period of time between the onset of FN and beginning of empirical therapy is crucial in those patients. Persisting fever in spite of antimicrobial therapy in neutropenic patients requires a special diagnostic attention, since invasive fungal infection is a possible cause for it and might require the use of empirical antifungal therapy.
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28
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Hopkins KL, Meunier D, Findlay J, Mustafa N, Parsons H, Pike R, Wright L, Woodford N. SPM-1 metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST277 in the UK. J Med Microbiol 2016; 65:696-697. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katie L. Hopkins
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Danièle Meunier
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Jacqueline Findlay
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Nazim Mustafa
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Helena Parsons
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | - Rachel Pike
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Laura Wright
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Neil Woodford
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
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29
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Ou B, Chen L, Song Y, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Li L, Tham WL, Francis DH, Zhu G. Impact of acquisition of 16S rRNA methylase RmtB on the fitness of Escherichia coli. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2016; 6:32-38. [PMID: 27530836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the biological phenotypes of 16S rRNA methylase RmtB in Escherichia coli and the impact of RmtB acquisition on the fitness of the target bacterium. An rmtB in-frame deletion mutant in E. coli was constructed using a suicide vector (pDMS197)-based double crossover allelic exchange, and its corresponding complemented strain was established. Combined studies of microdilution susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, growth kinetics assays, competitive experiments, biofilm formation tests and motility assays were performed to study the rmtB-mediated fitness among the prototype E. coli strain, its isogenic mutant and the corresponding complemented strain. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4,6-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamines for the rmtB wild-type strain, its isogenic mutant and the complemented strain were ≥1024, ≤2 and ≥1024mg/L, respectively. Both the growth rates and the competitive abilities of the wild-type and complemented strains were relatively inferior to the ΔrmtB mutant. There was no significant difference in biofilm formation and motility among the three strains. In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that acquisition of the 16S rRNA methylase gene rmtB in E. coli can exact a fitness cost on the bacteria, subsequently reducing the growth rate slightly and decreasing the competitive capacity of the bacterium, whereas it does not affect biofilm formation or motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingming Ou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yujie Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Luan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wai Liang Tham
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David H Francis
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Complete Sequences of Multidrug Resistance Plasmids Bearing rmtD1 and rmtD2 16S rRNA Methyltransferase Genes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:1928-31. [PMID: 26729503 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02562-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete nucleotide sequences were determined for two plasmids bearing rmtD group 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes. pKp64/11 was 78 kb in size, belonged to the IncL/M group, and harbored blaTEM-1b, sul1, qacEΔ1, dfrA22, and rmtD1 across two multidrug resistance regions (MRRs). pKp368/10 was 170 kb in size, belonged to the IncA/C group, and harbored acrB, sul1, qacEΔ1, ant(3″)-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, cat, rmtD2, and blaCTX-M-8 across three MRRs. The rmtD-containing regions shared a conserved motif, suggesting a common origin for the two rmtD alleles.
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Cavalcanti FLDS, Mirones CR, Paucar ER, Montes LÁ, Leal-Balbino TC, Morais MMCD, Martínez-Martínez L, Ocampo-Sosa AA. Mutational and acquired carbapenem resistance mechanisms in multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from Recife, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2015; 110:1003-9. [PMID: 26676375 PMCID: PMC4708020 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An investigation was carried out into the genetic mechanisms responsible for
multidrug resistance in nine carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas
aeruginosaisolates from different hospitals in Recife, Brazil.
Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was determined by broth microdilution.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect the presence of genes encoding
β-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs), 16S rRNA methylases,
integron-related genes and OprD. Expression of genes coding for efflux pumps and AmpC
cephalosporinase were assessed by quantitative PCR. The outer membrane proteins were
separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The
blaSPM-1, blaKPC-2 and blaGES-1
genes were detected in P. aeruginosaisolates in addition to
different AME genes. The loss of OprD in nine isolates was mainly due to frameshift
mutations, premature stop codons and point mutations. An association of loss of OprD
with the overexpression of MexAB-OprM and MexXY-OprM was observed in most isolates.
Hyper-production of AmpC was also observed in three isolates. Clonal relationship of
the isolates was determined by repetitive element palindromic-PCR and multilocus
sequence typing. Our results show that the loss of OprD along with overexpression of
efflux pumps and β-lactamase production were responsible for the multidrug resistance
in the isolates analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Lira de Sá Cavalcanti
- Laboratório de Resistência Microbiana, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Cristina Rodríguez Mirones
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Elena Román Paucar
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Laura Álvarez Montes
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Alain Antonio Ocampo-Sosa
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
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Heterologous Expression and Functional Characterization of the Exogenously Acquired Aminoglycoside Resistance Methyltransferases RmtD, RmtD2, and RmtG. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60:699-702. [PMID: 26552988 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02482-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The exogenously acquired 16S rRNA methyltransferases RmtD, RmtD2, and RmtG were cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant proteins were purified to near homogeneity. Each methyltransferase conferred an aminoglycoside resistance profile consistent with m(7)G1405 modification, and this activity was confirmed by in vitro 30S methylation assays. Analyses of protein structure and interaction with S-adenosyl-l-methionine suggest that the molecular mechanisms of substrate recognition and catalysis are conserved across the 16S rRNA (m(7)G1405) methyltransferase family.
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Garneau-Tsodikova S, Labby KJ. Mechanisms of Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics: Overview and Perspectives. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015; 7:11-27. [PMID: 26877861 DOI: 10.1039/c5md00344j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics are used to treat many Gram-negative and some Gram-positive infections and, importantly, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Among various bacterial species, resistance to AGs arises through a variety of intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. The bacterial cell wall serves as a natural barrier for small molecules such as AGs and may be further fortified via acquired mutations. Efflux pumps work to expel AGs from bacterial cells, and modifications here too may cause further resistance to AGs. Mutations in the ribosomal target of AGs, while rare, also contribute to resistance. Of growing clinical prominence is resistance caused by ribosome methyltransferases. By far the most widespread mechanism of resistance to AGs is the inactivation of these antibiotics by AG-modifying enzymes. We provide here an overview of these mechanisms by which bacteria become resistant to AGs and discuss their prevalence and potential for clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, USA. ; Tel: 859-218-1686
| | - Kristin J Labby
- Beloit College, Department of Chemistry, 700 College Street, Beloit, WI, USA. ; Tel: 608-363-2273
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Development and evaluation of immunochromatography to detect Gram-negative bacteria producing ArmA 16S rRNA methylase responsible for aminoglycoside resistance. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 118:159-63. [PMID: 26381663 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and reliable detection of aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria is an important infection-control measure and a crucial aspect of antimicrobial chemotherapy. The enzyme 16S rRNA methylase has been shown to mediate aminoglycoside resistance in bacteria. This study describes a newly developed immunochromatographic assay using novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize ArmA 16S rRNA methylase. Epitope mapping showed that these mAbs recognized amino acids 1-93 of ArmA, which consists of 257 amino acids. Evaluation of the assay using ArmA producing and non-producing bacterial species, as well as bacteria producing other types of 16S rRNA methylases, indicated that immunochromatographic detection of the ArmA-type 16S rRNA methylase was fully consistent with PCR analysis for armA genes, with all immunochromatographically positive strains being resistant to aminoglycosides (MIC≥128μg/mL). The detection limit of the assay was 12ng ArmA. These findings indicate that this assay can be used for the rapid and reliable detection of the production of ArmA 16S rRNA methylase by Gram-negative bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli.
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35
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Yu T, He T, Yao H, Zhang JB, Li XN, Zhang RM, Wang GQ. Prevalence of 16S rRNA Methylase Gene rmtB Among Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Ningxia, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tao He
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Bao Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiao-Na Li
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rong-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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36
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Potron A, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Emerging broad-spectrum resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii: Mechanisms and epidemiology. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 45:568-85. [PMID: 25857949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is quite common among non-fermenting Gram-negative rods, in particular among clinically relevant species including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. These bacterial species, which are mainly nosocomial pathogens, possess a diversity of resistance mechanisms that may lead to multidrug or even pandrug resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) conferring resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenemases conferring resistance to carbapenems, and 16S rRNA methylases conferring resistance to all clinically relevant aminoglycosides are the most important causes of concern. Concomitant resistance to fluoroquinolones, polymyxins (colistin) and tigecycline may lead to pandrug resistance. The most important mechanisms of resistance in P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii and their most recent dissemination worldwide are detailed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Potron
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; HFR - Hôpital Cantonal de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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37
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Identification of aminoglycoside-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing RmtG 16S rRNA methyltransferase in a cystic fibrosis patient. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:2967-8. [PMID: 25753627 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04607-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Silveira M, Albano R, Asensi M, Assef APC. The draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CCBH4851, a nosocomial isolate belonging to clone SP (ST277) that is prevalent in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:1086-7. [PMID: 25466623 PMCID: PMC4325612 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276140336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The high occurrence of nosocomial multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms is considered a global health problem. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated in Brazil that belongs to the endemic clone ST277. The genome encodes important resistance determinant genes and consists of 6.7 Mb with a G+C content of 66.86% and 6,347 predicted coding regions including 60 RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melise Silveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rodolpho Albano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marise Asensi
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Carvalho Assef
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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39
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The resistome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in relationship to phenotypic susceptibility. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:427-36. [PMID: 25367914 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03954-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause infections that are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to a wide variety of antibiotics. Key genetic determinants of resistance were identified through genome sequences of 390 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, obtained from diverse geographic locations collected between 2003 and 2012 and were related to microbiological susceptibility data for meropenem, levofloxacin, and amikacin. β-Lactamases and integron cassette arrangements were enriched in the established multidrug-resistant lineages of sequence types ST111 (predominantly O12) and ST235 (O11). This study demonstrates the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in defining relevant resistance elements and highlights the diversity of resistance determinants within P. aeruginosa. This information is valuable in furthering the design of diagnostics and therapeutics for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
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40
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Nagasawa M, Kaku M, Kamachi K, Shibayama K, Arakawa Y, Yamaguchi K, Ishii Y. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for 16S rRNA methylase genes in Gram-negative bacteria. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:635-8. [PMID: 25179393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method, we developed a rapid assay for detection of 16S rRNA methylase genes (rmtA, rmtB, and armA), and investigated 16S rRNA methylase-producing strains among clinical isolates. Primer Explorer V3 software was used to design the LAMP primers. LAMP primers were prepared for each gene, including two outer primers (F3 and B3), two inner primers (FIP and BIP), and two loop primers (LF and LB). Detection was performed with the Loopamp DNA amplification kit. For all three genes (rmtA, rmtB, and armA), 10(2) copies/tube could be detected with a reaction time of 60 min. When nine bacterial species (65 strains saved in National Institute of Infectious Diseases) were tested, which had been confirmed to possess rmtA, rmtB, or armA by PCR and DNA sequencing, the genes were detected correctly in these bacteria with no false negative or false positive results. Among 8447 clinical isolates isolated at 36 medical institutions, the LAMP method was conducted for 191 strains that were resistant to aminoglycosides based on the results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Eight strains were found to produce 16S rRNA methylase (0.09%), with rmtB being identified in three strains (0.06%) of 4929 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, rmtA in three strains (0.10%) of 3284 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and armA in two strains (0.85%) of 234 isolates of Acinetobacter spp. At present, the incidence of strains possessing 16S rRNA methylase genes is very low in Japan. However, when Gram-negative bacteria showing high resistance to aminoglycosides are isolated by clinical laboratories, it seems very important to investigate the status of 16S rRNA methylase gene-harboring bacilli and monitor their trends among Japanese clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Nagasawa
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Kaku
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kamachi
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keigo Shibayama
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology/Drug Resistance and Pathogenesis, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keizo Yamaguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Al Sheikh YA, Marie MAM, John J, Krishnappa LG, Dabwab KHM. Prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes among β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates in Saudi Arabia. Libyan J Med 2014; 9:24432. [PMID: 25005152 PMCID: PMC4087170 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v9.24432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co production of 16S rRNA methylases gene and β-Lactamase gene among Enterobacteriaceae isolates conferring resistance to both therapeutic options has serious implications for clinicians worldwide. METHODS To study co existence of 16S rRNA methylases (armA, rmtA, rmtB, rmtC, rmtD, and npmA) and β-Lactamase (blaTEM-1, blaSHV-12, blaCTX-M-14) genes, we screened all phenotypic positive β-Lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting above genes. A total of 330 enterobacteriaceae strains were collected during study period out of that 218 isolates were identified phenotypically as β-Lactamase producers, which include 50 (22.9%) Escherichia coli; 92 (42.2%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 44 (20.2%), Citrobactor freundii and 32 (14.7%) Enterobacter spp. RESULTS Among this 218, only 188 isolates harbored the resistant gene for β-Lactamase production. Major β-Lactamase producing isolates were blaTEM-1 type. 122 (56 %) isolates were found to produce any one of the 16S rRNA methylase genes. A total of 116 isolates co produced b-Lactamase and at least one 16S rRNA methylases gene Co production of armA gene was found in 26 isolates with rmtB and in 4 isolates with rmtC. The rmtA and rmtD genes were not detected in any of the tested isolates. Six isolates were positive for a 16S rRNA methylase gene alone. CONCLUSION β-Lactamase producing isolates appears to coexist with 16S rRNA methylase predominantly armA and rmtB genes in the same isolate. We conclude the major β-Lactamase and 16S rRNA methylases co-producer was K. pneumoniae followed by E. coli. We suggest further work on evaluating other β-lactamases types and novel antibiotic resistance mechanisms among Enterobacteriaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeed A Al Sheikh
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali M Marie
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;
| | - James John
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Lakshmana Gowda Krishnappa
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Homoud M Dabwab
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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42
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Liu Z, Ling B, Zhou L. Prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase, modifying enzyme, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. J Chemother 2014; 27:207-12. [PMID: 24766153 DOI: 10.1179/1973947814y.0000000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has become a worldwide problem, and methylation of 16S rRNA has recently emerged as a new mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides, which is mediated by a newly recognized group of 16S rRNA methylases. 16S rRNA methylase confers a high-level resistance to all 4,6-substituted deoxystreptamine aminoglycosides that are currently used in clinical practice. Some of the A. baumannii isolates have been found to coproduce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), contributing to their multidrug resistance. The aim of this study was to detect the determinants of the 16S rRNA methylase genes armA, rmtA, rmtB, rmtC, rmtD, rmtE, and npmA, the modifying enzyme genes aac(6')-Ib, ant(3″)-Ia, aph(3')-I, and the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes bla(TEM), bla(SHV), and bla(CTX-M-3) among A. baumannii isolates in northeastern Sichuan, China. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 21 different antimicrobial agents against the A. baumannii isolates were determined. The clinical isolates showed a high level of resistance (MIC≧256 μg/ml) to aminoglycosides, which ranged from 50·1 to 83·8%. The resistances to meropenem and imipenem, two of the beta-lactam antibiotics and the most active antibiotics against A. baumannii, were 9·1 and 8·2%, respectively. Among 60 amikacin-resistant isolates, only the 16S rRNA methylase gene armA was found to be prevalent (66·7%), but the other 16S rRNA methylase genes rmtA, rmtB, rmtC, rmtD, rmtE, and npmA were not detected. The prevalences of the modifying enzyme genes aac (6')-Ib, ant (3″)-Ia, and aph (3')-I were 51·7, 81·7, and 58·3%, respectively, which are different from a previous study in which the occurrences of these genes were 3, 64, and 72%, respectively. Among the 40 isolates that were armA-positive, the prevalences of bla(TEM), bla(SHV), and bla(CTX-M-3) genes were detected for the first time in China, and their occurrences were 45, 65, and 52·5%, respectively. In all, A. baumannii with all the 16S rRNA methylase, modifying enzyme, and ESBL genes is extremely prevalent in northeastern Sichuan, China, posing a serious clinical concern with a major therapeutic threat in the future.
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43
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Bonelli RR, Moreira BM, Picão RC. Antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in South America: history, current dissemination status and associated socioeconomic factors. Drug Resist Updat 2014; 17:24-36. [PMID: 24618111 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
South America exhibits some of the higher rates of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobactericeae worldwide. This continent includes 12 independent countries with huge socioeconomic differences, where the ample access to antimicrobials, including counterfeit ones, coexists with ineffective health systems and sanitation problems, favoring the emergence and dissemination of resistant strains. This work presents a literature review concerning the evolution and current status of antimicrobial resistance threats found among Enterobacteriaceae in South America. Resistance to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides was emphasized along with description of key epidemiological studies that highlight the success of specific resistance determinants in different parts of the continent. In addition, a discussion regarding political and socioeconomic factors possibly related to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains in clinical settings and at the community is presented. Finally, in order to assess the possible sources of resistant bacteria, we compile the current knowledge about the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in isolates in South American' food, food-producing animals and off-hospitals environments. By addressing that intensive intercontinental commerce and tourism neutralizes the protective effect of geographic barriers, we provide arguments reinforcing that globally integrated efforts are needed to decelerate the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Regina Bonelli
- LIM Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- LIM Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Cristina Picão
- LIM Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Tamang M, Gurung M, Nam H, Kim S, Jang G, Jung S, Lim S. Short communication: Genetic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter isolates recovered from bulk tank milk. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:704-9. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hong SB, Shin KS, Ha J, Han K. Co-existence of blaOXA-23 and armA in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from a hospital in South Korea. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:836-844. [PMID: 23518656 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.055384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The co-existence of carbapenemase, 16S rRNA methylase and mutated quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) can cause serious difficulty in treating infections with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. In this study, we aimed to determine the mechanisms of imipenem, amikacin and ciprofloxacin resistance in A. baumannii isolates with resistance to these antibiotics. A total of 31 non-duplicate isolates of amikacin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant Acinetobacter isolates were identified from April to August 2010 from a single hospital in South Korea. To assess the clonal relatedness of the 31 Acinetobacter isolates, multilocus sequence typing, network phylogenetic analysis and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR were utilized. Detection of OXA-type carbapenemase and 16S rRNA methylase was conducted using a multiplex PCR assay. The QRDRs of the gyrA and parC genes were amplified and sequenced. The result showed that 30/31 isolates harboured the blaOXA-23-like carbapenemase, which made them resistant to imipenem (MICs ≥16 µg ml(-1)). Twenty-eight of the 31 isolates were found to possess armA, a 16S rRNA methylase gene, and showed resistance to amikacin, arbekacin, gentamicin and tobramycin (MICs >256 µg ml(-1)). All of the isolates were determined to carry QRDR mutations in both gyrA and parC: a Ser83Leu substitution in gyrA and a Ser80Leu substitution in parC, causing a ciprofloxacin MIC ≥64 µg ml(-1). In conclusion, A. baumannii with co-existence of carbapenemase, 16S rRNA methylase and mutated QRDRs are extremely prevalent in South Korea, which may cause serious problems in the treatment of A. baumannii infections using carbapenem, amikacin and ciprofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Bok Hong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Chungbuk Health & Science University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Seob Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsu Ha
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & WCU Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & WCU Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
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Coproduction of 16S rRNA methyltransferase RmtD or RmtG with KPC-2 and CTX-M group extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:2397-400. [PMID: 23459483 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02108-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains with high-level aminoglycoside resistance were collected from eight hospitals in São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2010 and 2011. Three of them produced an RmtD group 16S rRNA methyltransferase, RmtD1 or RmtD2. Five strains were found to produce a novel 16S rRNA methyltransferase, designated RmtG, which shared 57 to 58% amino acid identity with RmtD1 and RmtD2. Seven strains coproduced KPC-2 with or without various CTX-M group extended-spectrum β-lactamases, while the remaining strain coproduced CTX-M-2.
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Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics were among the first antibiotics discovered and used clinically. Although they have never completely fallen out of favor, their importance has waned due to the emergence of other broad-spectrum antibiotics with fewer side effects. Today, with the dramatically increasing rate of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, focus has returned to aminoglycoside antibiotics as one of the few remaining treatment options, particularly for Gram-negative pathogens. Although the mechanisms of resistance are reasonably well understood, our knowledge about the mode of action of aminoglycosides is still far from comprehensive. In the face of emerging bacterial infections that are virtually untreatable, it is time to have a fresh look at this old class to reinvigorate the struggle against multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Becker
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
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Wachino JI, Arakawa Y. Exogenously acquired 16S rRNA methyltransferases found in aminoglycoside-resistant pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria: an update. Drug Resist Updat 2012; 15:133-48. [PMID: 22673098 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Exogenously acquired 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase) genes responsible for a very high level of resistance against various aminoglycosides have been widely distributed among Enterobacteriaceae and glucose-nonfermentative microbes recovered from human and animal. The 16S-RMTases are classified into two subgroups, N7-G1405 16S-RMTases and N1-A1408 16S-RMTases, based on the mode of modification of 16S rRNA. Both MTases add the methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the specific nucleotides at the A-site of 16S rRNA, which interferes with aminoglycoside binding to the target. The genetic determinants responsible for 16S-RMTase production are often mediated by mobile genetic elements like transposons and further embedded into transferable plasmids or chromosome. This genetic apparatus may thus contribute to the rapid worldwide dissemination of the resistance mechanism among pathogenic microbes. More worrisome is the fact that 16S-RMTase genes are frequently associated with other antimicrobial resistance mechanisms such as NDM-1 metallo-β-lactamase and CTX-M-type ESBLs, and some highly pathogenic microbes including Salmonella spp. have already acquired these genes. Thus far, 16S-RMTases have been reported from at least 30 countries or regions. The worldwide dissemination of 16S-RMTases is becoming a serious global concern and this implies the necessity to continue investigations on the trend of 16S-RMTases to restrict their further worldwide dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Gutierrez B, Escudero JA, San Millan A, Hidalgo L, Carrilero L, Ovejero CM, Santos-Lopez A, Thomas-Lopez D, Gonzalez-Zorn B. Fitness cost and interference of Arm/Rmt aminoglycoside resistance with the RsmF housekeeping methyltransferases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:2335-41. [PMID: 22330907 PMCID: PMC3346654 DOI: 10.1128/aac.06066-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arm/Rmt methyltransferases have emerged recently in pathogenic bacteria as enzymes that confer high-level resistance to 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides through methylation of the G1405 residue in the 16S rRNA (like ArmA and RmtA to -E). In prokaryotes, nucleotide methylations are the most common type of rRNA modification, and they are introduced posttranscriptionally by a variety of site-specific housekeeping enzymes to optimize ribosomal function. Here we show that while the aminoglycoside resistance methyltransferase RmtC methylates G1405, it impedes methylation of the housekeeping methyltransferase RsmF at position C1407, a nucleotide that, like G1405, forms part of the aminoglycoside binding pocket of the 16S rRNA. To understand the origin and consequences of this phenomenon, we constructed a series of in-frame knockout and knock-in mutants of Escherichia coli, corresponding to the genotypes rsmF(+), ΔrsmF, rsmF(+) rmtC(+), and ΔrsmF rmtC(+). When analyzed for the antimicrobial resistance pattern, the ΔrsmF bacteria had a decreased susceptibility to aminoglycosides, including 4,6- and 4,5-deoxystreptamine aminoglycosides, showing that the housekeeping methylation at C1407 is involved in intrinsic aminoglycoside susceptibility in E. coli. Competition experiments between the isogenic E. coli strains showed that, contrary to expectation, acquisition of rmtC does not entail a fitness cost for the bacterium. Finally, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry allowed us to determine that RmtC methylates the G1405 residue not only in presence but also in the absence of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Thus, the coupling between housekeeping and acquired methyltransferases subverts the methylation architecture of the 16S rRNA but elicits Arm/Rmt methyltransferases to be selected and retained, posing an important threat to the usefulness of aminoglycosides worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Gutierrez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. Escudero
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro San Millan
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Hidalgo
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Carrilero
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina M. Ovejero
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Santos-Lopez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Thomas-Lopez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Gonzalez-Zorn
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Xia LN, Tao XQ, Shen JZ, Dai L, Wang Y, Chen X, Wu CM. A Survey of β-Lactamase and 16S rRNA Methylase Genes Among Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates and Their Horizontal Transmission in Shandong, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2011; 8:1241-8. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2011.0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ning Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urmuqi, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of the Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of the Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of the Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of the Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Ming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of the Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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