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Hagras M, Abuelkhir AA, Abutaleb NS, Helal AM, Fawzy IM, Hegazy M, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Novel phenylthiazoles with a tert-butyl moiety: promising antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens with enhanced ADME properties. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1513-1526. [PMID: 38174234 PMCID: PMC10763701 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07619a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship of a new tert-butylphenylthiazole series, with a pyrimidine linker, was investigated. We wished to expand knowledge of this novel class of antibiotics by generating 21 new derivatives bearing ≥2 heteroatoms in their side chains. Their activity was examined against isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Candida albicans. Two compounds with 1,2-diaminocyclohexane as a nitrogenous side chain showed promising activity against the highly infectious MRSA USA300 strain, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg mL-1. One of these two compounds demonstrated potent activity against C. difficile, with a MIC of 4 μg mL-1. Moderate activities against a C. difficile strain with a MIC of 8 μg mL-1 were noted. Some new compounds possessed antifungal activity against a wild fluconazole-resistant C. albicans strain, with MIC values of 4-16 μg mL-1. ADME and metabolism-simulation studies were performed for the most promising compound and compared with lead compounds. Our results revealed that one compound possessed greater penetration of bacterial membranes and metabolic resistance, which aided a longer duration of action against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman A Abuelkhir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Helal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt 11835 Cairo Egypt
| | - Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens 6th of October Giza 12578 Egypt
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Wu X, Qin X, Huang J, Wang F, Li M, Wu Z, Liu X, Pei J, Wu S, Chen H, Guo C, Xue Y, Tang S, Fang M, Lan Y, Ou J, Xie Z, Yu Y, Yang J, Chen W, Zhao Y, Zheng H. Determining the in vitro susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from 8 cities in Guangdong Province through an improved microdilution method. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 92:325-331. [PMID: 30292397 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A microdilution method for the antibiotic susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was established and improved, and the antibiotic resistance of N. gonorrhoeae samples isolated from 8 cities of Guangdong in 2016 was determined. The improved microdilution method was compared with the agar dilution method recommend by the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region by testing the susceptibility of 100 clinical N. gonorrhoeae isolates. The essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement (CA), very major error (VME), major error (ME), and minor error (MIE) levels of the two methods were analyzed; the acceptable performance rates were measured as follows: ≥90% for EA or CA, ≤3% for VME or ME, and ≤7% for MIE. The EA, CA, VME, ME, and MIE of each method for 7 antibiotics, penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, spectinomycin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, and azithromycin, were 96%-100%, 94%-100%, 0%-3%, 0%-2%, and 0%-6%, respectively. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test results indicated 94%-100% agreement between the 2 methods after excluding off-scale values (P > 0.05). The susceptibility of 634 N. gonorrhoeae strains to the 7 antibiotics above were tested through the microdilution method. The resistant rates of the isolates against ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, penicillin, and azithromycin were 99.8%, 88.3%, 53.8%, and 11%, and the percentages of the isolates with decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≥0.125 μg/mL) and cefixime (MIC ≥0.25 μg/mL) were 2.1% and 12%, respectively, in Guangdong. Among 8 cities, Shenzhen had the highest rates of resistance against penicillin (77.8%) and decreased susceptibility against ceftriaxone (5.6%). Zhuhai had the highest rates of decreased susceptibility against cefixime (30.1%), and Jiangmen had the highest azithromycin-resistant isolates (16.8%). The findings from this study indicated that the improved microdilution method is an alternative for testing the antimicrobial susceptibility of N. gonorrhoeae. The resistance rates of N. gonorrhoeae against penicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were high. While ceftriaxone, cefixime, and spectinomycin remained effective against N. gonorrhoeae, their effectiveness seemed to be decreasing over time. Azithromycin therapy requires timely susceptibility test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhong Wu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Xiaolin Qin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Jinmei Huang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Diseases Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Ming Li
- The fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, Guangdong 523903, China
| | - Zhizhou Wu
- Jiangmen Dermatology Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Zhuhai Center for Chronic Diseases Control, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519099, China
| | - Junming Pei
- Shantou Dermatology Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Shanghua Wu
- Shaoguan Center for Chronic Diseases Control, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512026, China
| | - Heyong Chen
- Maoming Center for Chronic Diseases Control, Maoming, Guangdong 525099, China
| | - Chixing Guo
- Panyu Center for Chronic Diseases Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, China
| | - Yaohua Xue
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Sanmei Tang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Mingheng Fang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Yinyuan Lan
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Jiangli Ou
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Zhenmou Xie
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Yuqi Yu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Jieyi Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Yunhu Zhao
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STD Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091, China.
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Foerster S, Desilvestro V, Hathaway LJ, Althaus CL, Unemo M. A new rapid resazurin-based microdilution assay for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 72:1961-1968. [PMID: 28431096 PMCID: PMC5890744 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Rapid, cost-effective and objective methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae would greatly enhance surveillance of antimicrobial resistance. Etest, disc diffusion and agar dilution methods are subjective, mostly laborious for large-scale testing and take ∼24 h. We aimed to develop a rapid broth microdilution assay using resazurin (blue), which is converted into resorufin (pink fluorescence) in the presence of viable bacteria. Methods The resazurin-based broth microdilution assay was established using 132 N. gonorrhoeae strains and the antimicrobials ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin, spectinomycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and penicillin. A regression model was used to estimate the MICs. Assay results were obtained in ∼7.5 h. Results The EC 50 of the dose-response curves correlated well with Etest MIC values (Pearson's r = 0.93). Minor errors resulting from misclassifications of intermediate strains were found for 9% of the samples. Major errors (susceptible strains misclassified as resistant) occurred for ceftriaxone (4.6%), cefixime (3.3%), azithromycin (0.6%) and tetracycline (0.2%). Only one very major error was found (a ceftriaxone-resistant strain misclassified as susceptible). Overall the sensitivity of the assay was 97.1% (95% CI 95.2-98.4) and the specificity 78.5% (95% CI 74.5-82.9). Conclusions A rapid, objective, high-throughput, quantitative and cost-effective broth microdilution assay was established for gonococci. For use in routine diagnostics without confirmatory testing, the specificity might remain suboptimal for ceftriaxone and cefixime. However, the assay is an effective low-cost method to evaluate novel antimicrobials and for high-throughput screening, and expands the currently available methodologies for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in gonococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunniva Foerster
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Lucy J Hathaway
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian L Althaus
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Magnus Unemo
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other STIs, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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