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Sun Q, Zhang X, Ouyang Y, Yu P, Man Y, Guo S, Liu S, Chen Y, Wang Y, Tan X. Appressoria Formation in Phytopathogenic Fungi Suppressed by Antimicrobial Peptides and Hybrid Peptides from Black Soldier Flies. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051096. [PMID: 37239456 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from black solider flies (Hermetia illucens, BSF) exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity are the most promising green substitutes for preventing the infection of phytopathogenic fungi; therefore, AMPs have been a focal topic of research. Recently, many studies have focused on the antibacterial activities of BSF AMPs against animal pathogens; however, currently, their antifungal activities against phytopathogenic fungi remain unclear. In this study, 7 AMPs selected from 34 predicted AMPs based on BSF metagenomics were artificially synthesized. When conidia from the hemibiotrophic phytopathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Colletotrichum acutatum were treated with the selected AMPs, three selected AMPs-CAD1, CAD5, and CAD7-showed high appressorium formation inhibited by lengthened germ tubes. Additionally, the MIC50 concentrations of the inhibited appressorium formations were 40 μM, 43 μM, and 43 μM for M. oryzae, while 51 μM, 49 μM, and 44 μM were observed for C. acutatum, respectively. A tandem hybrid AMP named CAD-Con comprising CAD1, CAD5, and CAD7 significantly enhanced antifungal activities, and the MIC50 concentrations against M. oryzae and C. acutatum were 15 μM and 22 μM, respectively. In comparison with the wild type, they were both significantly reduced in terms of virulence when infection assays were performed using the treated conidia of M. oryzae or C. acutatum by CAD1, CAD5, CAD7, or CAD-Con. Meanwhile, their expression levels of CAD1, CAD5, and CAD7 could also be activated and significantly increased after the BSF larvae were treated with the conidia of M. oryzae or C. acutatum, respectively. To our knowledge, the antifungal activities of BSF AMPs against plant pathogenic fungi, which help us to seek potential AMPs with antifungal activities, provide proof of the effectiveness of green control strategies for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlong Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ying Ouyang
- College of Plant Science, Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410127, China
| | - Pingzhong Yu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yilong Man
- Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Sizhen Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xinqiu Tan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
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Esmaeilifallah M, Khanahmad H, Ghayour Z, Saberi S, Kalantari R, Hejazi SH. Evaluation of the antileishmanial effect of polyclonal antibodies and cationic antimicrobial peptides. Pathog Glob Health 2022; 117:366-380. [PMID: 35861705 PMCID: PMC10177747 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2101838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the tropical and subtropical diseases which, according to WHO, has the priority of control. The list of anti-leishmanial drugs is limited and requires side effects, high costs, and long-term treatments. Various species, parasite resistance, and simultaneous diseases are among the factors that affect the effectiveness of treatment. Due to these problems and based on satisfactory records of previous studies using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against infectious diseases, this study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial effect of Leishmania-infected macrophage polyclonal antibody (LIMPA) with or without different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 100 µg/ml) of CM11 and (40, 80, and 100 µg/ml) BufIIIb, two AMPs, in vitro and their therapeutic effects against CL of Balb/c mice. Results showed that LIMPA induced an anti-proliferative effect on Leishmania major growth in macrophages in vitro and intramacrophage-amastigotes in vivo. CM11 with IC50 of 8.73 and 10.10 μg/ml at 48 hours, and BufIIIb with IC50 of 66.83 and 80.26 μg/ml, at 24 hours showed the most significant inhibition of L. major promastigotes and amastigotes. In addition, the CM11 and BufIIIb, with a CC50 of 9.7 μg/ml and 40.34 μg/ml, showed the most significant inhibition effect on the J774.A1 cell line at 48 hours, respectively. In addition, in vivo experiments using LIMPA with a 0.01 mg/kg dosage showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) in the last week of the measurement compared to the control. The results of this study may be a promising prospect for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Esmaeilifallah
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghayour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sedighe Saberi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Kalantari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hejazi
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Centre, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Zhao S, Hao X, Yang F, Wang Y, Fan X, Wang Y. Antifungal Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum ZZUA493 and Its Application to Extend the Shelf Life of Chinese Steamed Buns. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020195. [PMID: 35053928 PMCID: PMC8775031 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce many kinds of antifungal substances, which have been widely proven to have antifungal activity. In this study, 359 strains of LAB were screened for antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (A. niger) using the 96-well microtiter plate method, and three showed strong activity. Of these, ZZUA493 showed a broad-spectrum antifungal ability against A. niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum. ZZUA493 was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. Protease treatment, the removal of hydrogen peroxide with catalase and heat treatment had no effect on the antifungal activity of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of ZZUA493; organic acids produced by ZZUA493 appeared to have an important role in fungal growth inhibition. The contents of lactic acid, acetic acid and phenyllactic acid in the CFS tended to be stable at 48 h, and amounted to 28.5, 15.5 and 0.075 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, adding ZZUA493, as an ingredient during their preparation, prolonged the shelf life of Chinese steamed buns. Overall, ZZUA493 appears to have good potential as a fungal inhibitor for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (S.Z.); (X.H.); (F.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.F.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiangmei Hao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (S.Z.); (X.H.); (F.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.F.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (S.Z.); (X.H.); (F.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.F.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (S.Z.); (X.H.); (F.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.F.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaomiao Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (S.Z.); (X.H.); (F.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.F.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (S.Z.); (X.H.); (F.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.F.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0371-67761726
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Nabian S, Farhoudi R, Taheri M, Soltani M, Nezhad Fard R, Shahedin G. Rational design of a hybrid peptide against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using melittin and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as pharmaceutical agents. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:88. [DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_341_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Cheng J, Ahmat M, Guo H, Wei X, Zhang L, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Wang J, Si D, Zhang Y, Zhang R. Expression, Purification and Characterization of a Novel Hybrid Peptide CLP with Excellent Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:7142. [PMID: 34885732 PMCID: PMC8659006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CLP is a novel hybrid peptide derived from CM4, LL37 and TP5, with significantly reduced hemolytic activity and increased antibacterial activity than parental antimicrobial peptides. To avoid host toxicity and obtain high-level bio-production of CLP, we established a His-tagged SUMO fusion expression system in Escherichia coli. The fusion protein can be purified using a Nickel column, cleaved by TEV protease, and further purified in flow-through of the Nickel column. As a result, the recombinant CLP with a yield of 27.56 mg/L and a purity of 93.6% was obtained. The purified CLP exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against gram+ and gram- bacteria. Furthermore, the result of propidium iodide staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that CLP can induce the membrane permeabilization and cell death of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. The analysis of thermal stability results showed that the antibacterial activity of CLP decreases slightly below 70 °C for 30 min. However, when the temperature was above 70 °C, the antibacterial activity was significantly decreased. In addition, the antibacterial activity of CLP was stable in the pH range from 4.0 to 9.0; however, when pH was below 4.0 and over 9.0, the activity of CLP decreased significantly. In the presence of various proteases, such as pepsin, papain, trypsin and proteinase K, the antibacterial activity of CLP remained above 46.2%. In summary, this study not only provides an effective strategy for high-level production of antimicrobial peptides and evaluates the interference factors that affect the biological activity of hybrid peptide CLP, but also paves the way for further exploration of the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yueping Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.C.); (M.A.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (Q.C.); (J.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.C.); (M.A.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (Q.C.); (J.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.)
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Ting DSJ, Goh ETL, Mayandi V, Busoy JMF, Aung TT, Periayah MH, Nubile M, Mastropasqua L, Said DG, Htoon HM, Barathi VA, Beuerman RW, Lakshminarayanan R, Mohammed I, Dua HS. Hybrid derivative of cathelicidin and human beta defensin-2 against Gram-positive bacteria: A novel approach for the treatment of bacterial keratitis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18304. [PMID: 34526600 PMCID: PMC8443647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a major cause of corneal blindness globally. This study aimed to develop a novel class of antimicrobial therapy, based on human-derived hybrid host defense peptides (HyHDPs), for treating BK. HyHDPs were rationally designed through combination of functional amino acids in parent HDPs, including LL-37 and human beta-defensin (HBD)-1 to -3. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and time-kill kinetics assay were performed to determine the concentration- and time-dependent antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity was evaluated against human corneal epithelial cells and erythrocytes. In vivo safety and efficacy of the most promising peptide was examined in the corneal wound healing and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC SA29213) keratitis murine models, respectively. A second-generation HyHDP (CaD23), based on rational hybridization of the middle residues of LL-37 and C-terminal of HBD-2, was developed and was shown to demonstrate good efficacy against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MIC = 12.5-25.0 μg/ml (5.2-10.4 μM)] and S. epidermidis [MIC = 12.5 μg/ml (5.2 μM)], and moderate efficacy against P. aeruginosa [MIC = 25-50 μg/ml (10.4-20.8 μM)]. CaD23 (at 25 μg/ml or 2× MIC) killed all the bacteria within 30 min, which was 8 times faster than amikacin (25 μg/ml or 20× MIC). After 10 consecutive passages, S. aureus (ATCC SA29213) did not develop any antimicrobial resistance (AMR) against CaD23 whereas it developed significant AMR (i.e. a 32-fold increase in MIC) against amikacin, a commonly used treatment for BK. Pre-clinical murine studies showed that CaD23 (0.5 mg/ml) achieved a median reduction of S. aureus bioburden by 94% (or 1.2 log10 CFU/ml) while not impeding corneal epithelial wound healing. In conclusion, rational hybridization of human-derived HDPs has led to generation of a potentially efficacious and safe topical antimicrobial agent for treating Gram-positive BK, with no/minimal risk of developing AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Shu Jeng Ting
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eunice Tze Leng Goh
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Venkatesh Mayandi
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanna M F Busoy
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thet Tun Aung
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Mario Nubile
- Ophthalmic Clinic, University "G d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Dalia G Said
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hla M Htoon
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Roger W Beuerman
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | | | - Imran Mohammed
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Harminder S Dua
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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Ajingi YS, Rukying N, Aroonsri A, Jongruja N. Recombinant active Peptides and their Therapeutic functions. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:645-663. [PMID: 34225618 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210702123934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant active peptides are utilized as diagnostic and biotherapeutics in various maladies and as bacterial growth inhibitors in the food industry. This consequently stimulated the need for recombinant peptides' production, which resulted in about 19 approved biotech peptides of 1-100 amino acids commercially available. While most peptides have been produced by chemical synthesis, the production of lengthy and complicated peptides comprising natural amino acids has been problematic with low quantity. Recombinant peptide production has become very vital, cost-effective, simple, environmentally friendly with satisfactory yields. Several reviews have focused on discussing expression systems, advantages, disadvantages, and alternatives strategies. Additionally, the information on the antimicrobial activities and other functions of multiple recombinant peptides is challenging to access and is scattered in literature apart from the food and drug administration (FDA) approved ones. From the reports that come to our knowledge, there is no existing review that offers substantial information on recombinant active peptides developed by researchers and their functions. This review provides an overview of some successfully produced recombinant active peptides of ≤100 amino acids by focusing on their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, antimalarial, and immune-modulatory functions. It also elucidates their modes of expression that could be adopted and applied in future investigations. We expect that the knowledge available in this review would help researchers involved in recombinant active peptide development for therapeutic uses and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'u Sabo Ajingi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok. Thailand
| | - Neeranuch Rukying
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kano University of Science and Technology (KUST), Wudil. Nigeria
| | - Aiyada Aroonsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani. Thailand
| | - Nujarin Jongruja
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kano University of Science and Technology (KUST), Wudil. Nigeria
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Aragón-Muriel A, Liscano Y, Upegui Y, Robledo SM, Ramírez-Apan MT, Morales-Morales D, Oñate-Garzón J, Polo-Cerón D. In Vitro Evaluation of the Potential Pharmacological Activity and Molecular Targets of New Benzimidazole-Based Schiff Base Metal Complexes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:728. [PMID: 34208759 PMCID: PMC8235109 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-based drugs, including lanthanide complexes, have been extremely effective in clinical treatments against various diseases and have raised major interest in recent decades. Hence, in this work, a series of lanthanum (III) and cerium (III) complexes, including Schiff base ligands derived from (1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline, salicylaldehyde, and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde were synthesized and characterized using different spectroscopic methods. Besides their cytotoxic activities, they were examined in human U-937 cells, primate kidney non-cancerous COS-7, and six other, different human tumor cell lines: U251, PC-3, K562, HCT-15, MCF-7, and SK-LU-1. In addition, the synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro antiparasitic activity against Leishmania braziliensis, Plasmodium falciparum, and Trypanosoma cruzi. Additionally, antibacterial activities were examined against two Gram-positive strains (S. aureus ATCC® 25923, L. monocytogenes ATCC® 19115) and two Gram-negative strains (E. coli ATCC® 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC® 27583) using the microdilution method. The lanthanide complexes generally exhibited increased biological activity compared with the free Schiff base ligands. Interactions between the tested compounds and model membranes were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and interactions with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were investigated by ultraviolet (UV) absorption. Molecular docking studies were performed using leishmanin (1LML), cruzain (4PI3), P. falciparum alpha-tubulin (GenBank sequence CAA34101 [453 aa]), and S.aureus penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2A; 5M18) as the protein receptors. The results lead to the conclusion that the synthesized compounds exhibited a notable effect on model membranes imitating mammalian and bacterial membranes and rolled along DNA strands through groove interactions. Interactions between the compounds and studied receptors depended primarily on ligand structures in the molecular docking study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Aragón-Muriel
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Catálisis y Procesos (LICAP), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760001, Colombia;
| | - Yamil Liscano
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biotecnología (QUIBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760031, Colombia; (Y.L.); (J.O.-G.)
| | - Yulieth Upegui
- PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (Y.U.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Sara M. Robledo
- PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (Y.U.); (S.M.R.)
| | - María Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, México 04510, Mexico; (M.T.R.-A.); (D.M.-M.)
| | - David Morales-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, México 04510, Mexico; (M.T.R.-A.); (D.M.-M.)
| | - Jose Oñate-Garzón
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biotecnología (QUIBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760031, Colombia; (Y.L.); (J.O.-G.)
| | - Dorian Polo-Cerón
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Catálisis y Procesos (LICAP), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760001, Colombia;
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Eshtiaghi S, Nazari R, Fasihi-Ramandi M. In-Silico and In-Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Activity and Structure of Modified CM11 Peptide. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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In Vitro Evaluation of Five Antimicrobial Peptides against the Plant Pathogen Erwinia amylovora. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040554. [PMID: 33918933 PMCID: PMC8069920 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fire blight is a major pome fruit trees disease that is caused by the quarantine phytopathogenic Erwinia amylovora, leading to major losses, namely, in pear and apple productions. Nevertheless, no effective sustainable control treatments and measures have yet been disclosed. In that regard, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been proposed as an alternative biomolecule against pathogens but some of those AMPs have yet to be tested against E. amylovora. In this study, the potential of five AMPs (RW-BP100, CA-M, 3.1, D4E1, and Dhvar-5) together with BP100, were assessed to control E. amylovora. Antibiograms, minimal inhibitory, and bactericidal concentrations (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), growth and IC50 were determined and membrane permeabilization capacity was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis and colony-forming units (CFUs) plate counting. For the tested AMPs, the higher inhibitory and bactericidal capacity was observed for RW-BP100 and CA-M (5 and 5–8 µM, respectively for both MIC and MBC), whilst for IC50 RW-BP100 presented higher efficiency (2.8 to 3.5 µM). Growth curves for the first concentrations bellow MIC showed that these AMPs delayed E. amylovora growth. Flow cytometry disclosed faster membrane permeabilization for CA-M. These results highlight the potential of RW-BP100 and CA-M AMPs as sustainable control measures against E. amylovora.
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Antibacterial Activity of a Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Clinical Isolates and Their Potential Molecular Targets. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215035. [PMID: 33142969 PMCID: PMC7663601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance reduces the efficacy of antibiotics. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR), Gram-negative bacterial strains, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDRKp) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPa), are a serious threat to global health. However, cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are promising as an alternative therapeutic strategy against MDR strains. In this study, the inhibitory activity of a cationic peptide, derived from cecropin D-like (ΔM2), against MDRKp and MDRPa clinical isolates, and its interaction with membrane models and bacterial genomic DNA were evaluated. In vitro antibacterial activity was determined using the broth microdilution test, whereas interactions with lipids and DNA were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and electronic absorption, respectively. A strong bactericidal effect of ΔM2 against MDR strains, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) between 4 and 16 μg/mL, was observed. The peptide had a pronounced effect on the thermotropic behavior of the 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC)/1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylglycerol (DMPG) membrane models that mimic bacterial membranes. Finally, the interaction between the peptide and genomic DNA (gDNA) showed a hyperchromic effect, which indicates that ΔM2 can denature bacterial DNA strands via the grooves.
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Jiang Y, Mei C, Huang X, Gu Q, Song D. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of a Bacteriocin Derived from the Valine-Cecropin A(1–8)-Plantaricin ZJ5(1–18) Hybrid Peptide Against Escherichia coli O104. FOOD BIOPHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-020-09636-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ocampo-Ibáñez ID, Liscano Y, Rivera-Sánchez SP, Oñate-Garzón J, Lugo-Guevara AD, Flórez-Elvira LJ, Lesmes MC. A Novel Cecropin D-Derived Short Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide Exhibits Antibacterial Activity Against Wild-Type and Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Evol Bioinform Online 2020; 16:1176934320936266. [PMID: 32636607 PMCID: PMC7323284 DOI: 10.1177/1176934320936266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae are a serious worldwide public health concern due to the ineffectiveness of empirical antibiotic therapy. Therefore, research and the development of new antibiotic alternatives are urgently needed to control these bacteria. The use of cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) is a promising candidate alternative therapeutic strategy to antibiotics because they exhibit antibacterial activity against both antibiotic susceptible and MDR strains. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in vitro antibacterial effect of a short synthetic CAMP derived from the ΔM2 analog of Cec D-like (CAMP-CecD) against clinical isolates of K pneumoniae (n = 30) and P aeruginosa (n = 30), as well as its hemolytic activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of CAMP-CecD against wild-type and MDR strains were determined by the broth microdilution test. In addition, an in silico molecular dynamic simulation was performed to predict the interaction between CAMP-CecD and membrane models of K pneumoniae and P aeruginosa. The results revealed a bactericidal effect of CAMP-CecD against both wild-type and resistant strains, but MDR P aeruginosa showed higher susceptibility to this peptide with MIC values between 32 and >256 μg/mL. CAMP-CecD showed higher stability in the P aeruginosa membrane model compared with the K pneumoniae model due to the greater number of noncovalent interactions with phospholipid 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-(phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)) (POPG). This may be related to the boosted effectiveness of the peptide against P aeruginosa clinical isolates. Given the antibacterial activity of CAMP-CecD against wild-type and MDR clinical isolates of P aeruginosa and K pneumoniae and its nonhemolytic effects on human erythrocytes, CAMP-CecD may be a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Darío Ocampo-Ibáñez
- Research Group of Microbiology, Industry and Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - Yamil Liscano
- Research Group of Genetic, Regeneration and Cancer, Faculty of Exacts and Natural Sciences, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sandra Patricia Rivera-Sánchez
- Research Group of Microbiology, Industry and Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - José Oñate-Garzón
- Research Group of Chemical and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - Ashley Dayan Lugo-Guevara
- Research Group of Microbiology, Industry and Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Maria Cristina Lesmes
- Valle del Cauca Departmental Secretary of Health, Gobernación del Valle del Cauca, Cali, Colombia
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Brady D, Grapputo A, Romoli O, Sandrelli F. Insect Cecropins, Antimicrobial Peptides with Potential Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5862. [PMID: 31766730 PMCID: PMC6929098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The alarming escalation of infectious diseases resistant to conventional antibiotics requires urgent global actions, including the development of new therapeutics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent potential alternatives in the treatment of multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections. Here, we focus on Cecropins (Cecs), a group of naturally occurring AMPs in insects, and on synthetic Cec-analogs. We describe their action mechanisms and antimicrobial activity against MDR bacteria and other pathogens. We report several data suggesting that Cec and Cec-analog peptides are promising antibacterial therapeutic candidates, including their low toxicity against mammalian cells, and anti-inflammatory activity. We highlight limitations linked to the use of peptides as therapeutics and discuss methods overcoming these constraints, particularly regarding the introduction of nanotechnologies. New formulations based on natural Cecs would allow the development of drugs active against Gram-negative bacteria, and those based on Cec-analogs would give rise to therapeutics effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Cecs and Cec-analogs might be also employed to coat biomaterials for medical devices as an approach to prevent biomaterial-associated infections. The cost of large-scale production is discussed in comparison with the economic and social burden resulting from the progressive diffusion of MDR infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brady
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (A.G.); (O.R.)
| | - Alessandro Grapputo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (A.G.); (O.R.)
| | - Ottavia Romoli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (A.G.); (O.R.)
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 23 Avenue Pasteur, 97306 Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Federica Sandrelli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (A.G.); (O.R.)
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Ahmad B, Hanif Q, Xubiao W, Lulu Z, Shahid M, Dayong S, Rijun Z. Expression and Purification of Hybrid LL-37Tα1 Peptide in Pichia pastoris and Evaluation of Its Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Activities by LPS Neutralization. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1365. [PMID: 31258535 PMCID: PMC6587124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study pertains to the new approach for the development of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 and its biomedical applications. A linear cationic hybrid peptide, LL-37Tα1 was derived from two parental peptides (LL-37 and Tα1) recognized as potent anti-endotoxin without any hemolytic or cytotoxic activity. We successfully cloned the gene of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 in PpICZαA vector and expressed in the Pichia pastoris. The recombinant peptide was purified by Ni-affinity column and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with an estimated molecular mass of 3.9 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. We analyzed the LPS neutralization by limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) activity and the results indicate that the hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 directly binds endotoxin and significantly (p < 0.05) neutralizes the effect of LPS in a dose-dependent manner. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay revealed that LL-37Tα1 successfully reduces the LPS-induced cytotoxicity in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, it significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of nitric oxide, proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and diminished the number of apoptotic cells in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results suggest that the P. pastoris expression system is cost-effective for commercial production of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory hybrid peptide (IAHP) LL-37Tα1 and the peptide may serve as effective anti-endotoxin/anti-inflammatory agent with minimal cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baseer Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Quratulain Hanif
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wei Xubiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Lulu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Dayong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Rijun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Single dose eradication of extensively drug resistant Acinetobacter spp. In a mouse model of burn infection by melittin antimicrobial peptide. Microb Pathog 2019; 127:60-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Eales MG, Ferrari E, Goddard AD, Lancaster L, Sanderson P, Miller C. Mechanistic and phenotypic studies of bicarinalin, BP100 and colistin action on Acinetobacter baumannii. Res Microbiol 2018; 169:296-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Expression, Purification, and Characterization of a Novel Hybrid Peptide with Potent Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061491. [PMID: 29925795 PMCID: PMC6099547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hybrid peptide cecropin A (1⁻8)⁻LL37 (17⁻30) (C⁻L), derived from the sequence of cecropin A (C) and LL-37 (L), showed significantly increased antibacterial activity and minimized hemolytic activity than C and L alone. To obtain high-level production of C⁻L, the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence encoding C⁻L with preferred codons was cloned into pET-SUMO to construct a fusion expression vector, and overexpressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 (DE3). The maximum fusion protein (92% purity) was obtained with the yield of 89.14 mg/L fermentation culture after purification with Ni-NTA Sepharose column. The hybrid C⁻L was cleaved from the fusion protein by SUMO-protease, and 17.54 mg/L pure active C⁻L was obtained. Furthermore, the purified C⁻L showed identical antibacterial and hemolytic activity to synthesized C⁻L. Stability analysis results exhibited that the activity of C⁻L changed little below 80 °C for 20 min, but when the temperature exceeded 80 °C, a significant decrease was observed. Varying the pH from 5.0 to 10.0 did not appear to influence the activity of C⁻L, however, pH below 4.0 decreased the antibacterial activity of C⁻L rapidly. Under the challenge of several proteases (pepsin, trypsin, and proteinase K), the functional activity of C⁻L was maintained over 50%. In summary, this study not only supplied an effective approach for high-level production of hybrid peptide C⁻L, but paved the way for its further exploration in controlling infectious diseases of farm animals or even humans.
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Synergistic Efficacy of Aedes aegypti Antimicrobial Peptide Cecropin A2 and Tetracycline against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00686-17. [PMID: 28483966 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00686-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has created an urgent need for alternative drugs with new mechanisms of action. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates that could address the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. We studied the antimicrobial efficacy and bactericidal mechanism of cecropin A2, a 36-residue α-helical cationic peptide derived from Aedes aegypti cecropin A, focusing on the common pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa The peptide showed little hemolytic activity and toxicity toward mammalian cells, and the MICs against most clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were 32 to 64 μg/ml, and its MICs versus other Gram-negative bacteria were 2 to 32 μg/ml. Importantly, cecropin A2 demonstrated synergistic activity against P. aeruginosa when combined with tetracycline, reducing the MICs of both agents by 8-fold. The combination was also effective in vivo in the P. aeruginosa/Galleria mellonella model (P < 0.001). We found that cecropin A2 bound to P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharides, permeabilized the membrane, and interacted with the bacterial genomic DNA, thus facilitating the translocation of tetracycline into the cytoplasm. In summary, the combination of cecropin A2 and tetracycline demonstrated synergistic antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosain vitro and in vivo, offering an alternative approach for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
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Wang Z, Shen Y, Haapasalo M. Antibiofilm peptides against oral biofilms. J Oral Microbiol 2017; 9:1327308. [PMID: 28748031 PMCID: PMC5508375 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2017.1327308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is a major entry point for bacteria and other microorganisms. Oral biofilms are formed by mixed communities of microorganisms embedded in an exopolysaccharide matrix. Biofilms forming on dental hard or soft tissue are the major cause of caries and endodontic and periodontal disease. Human oral biofilms exhibit high resistance to antimicrobial agents. Antibiofilm peptides constitute a diverse class of host-defense molecules that act to combat invasion and infection with biofilms. Different in vitro and in vivo biofilm models with quantitative analysis have been established to provide predictable platforms for the evaluation of the antibiofilm effect of oral antibiofilm peptides. These peptides have engendered considerable interest in the past decades as potential alternatives to traditional disinfecting agents due to their ability to target bacterial biofilms specifically, leading to the prevention of biofilm formation and destruction of pre-existing biofilms by Gram-positive and -negative bacterial pathogens and fungi. At the same time, challenges associated with the application of these antibiofilm peptides in dental practice also exist. The production of effective, nontoxic, and stable antibiofilm peptides is desired in both academic and industrial fields. This review focuses on the antibiofilm properties of current synthetic peptides and their application in different areas of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejun Wang
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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A Novel RNase 3/ECP Peptide for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Eradication That Combines Antimicrobial, Lipopolysaccharide Binding, and Cell-Agglutinating Activities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:6313-25. [PMID: 27527084 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00830-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eradication of established biofilm communities of pathogenic Gram-negative species is one of the pending challenges for the development of new antimicrobial agents. In particular, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main dreaded nosocomial species, with a tendency to form organized microbial communities that offer an enhanced resistance to conventional antibiotics. We describe here an engineered antimicrobial peptide (AMP) which combines bactericidal activity with a high bacterial cell agglutination and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affinity. The RN3(5-17P22-36) peptide is a 30-mer derived from the eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), a host defense RNase secreted by eosinophils upon infection, with a wide spectrum of antipathogen activity. The protein displays high biofilm eradication activity that is not dependent on its RNase catalytic activity, as evaluated by using an active site-defective mutant. On the other hand, the peptide encompasses both the LPS-binding and aggregation-prone regions from the parental protein, which provide the appropriate structural features for the peptide's attachment to the bacterial exopolysaccharide layer and further improved removal of established biofilms. Moreover, the peptide's high cationicity and amphipathicity promote the cell membrane destabilization action. The results are also compared side by side with other reported AMPs effective against either planktonic and/or biofilm forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1. The ECP and its derived peptide are unique in combining high bactericidal potency and cell agglutination activity, achieving effective biofilm eradication at a low micromolar range. We conclude that the designed RN3(5-17P22-36) peptide is a promising lead candidate against Gram-negative biofilms.
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Antibiotic combinations for controlling colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 70:122-129. [PMID: 27381521 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter cloacae is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with high morbidity and mortality in intensive care patients due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics. Currently, therapy against multi-resistant bacteria consists of using colistin, in spite of its toxic effects at higher concentrations. In this context, colistin-resistant E. cloacae strains were challenged with lower levels of colistin combined with other antibiotics to reduce colistin-associated side effects. Colistin-resistant E. cloacae (ATCC 49141) strains were generated by serial propagation in subinhibitory colistin concentrations. After this, three colistin-resistant and three nonresistant replicates were isolated. The identity of all the strains was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS, VITEK 2 and MicroScan analysis. Furthermore, cross-resistance to other antibiotics was checked by disk diffusion and automated systems. The synergistic effects of the combined use of colistin and chloramphenicol were observed via the broth microdilution checkerboard method. First, data here reported showed that all strains presented intrinsic resistance to penicillin, cephalosporin (except fourth generation), monobactam, and some associations of penicillin and β-lactamase inhibitors. Moreover, a chloramphenicol and colistin combination was capable of inhibiting the induced colistin-resistant strains as well as two colistin-resistant clinical strains. Furthermore, no cytotoxic effect was observed by using such concentrations. In summary, the data reported here showed for the first time the possible therapeutic use of colistin-chloramphenicol for infections caused by colistin-resistant E. cloacae.
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Wei XB, Wu RJ, Si DY, Liao XD, Zhang LL, Zhang RJ. Novel Hybrid Peptide Cecropin A (1-8)-LL37 (17-30) with Potential Antibacterial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17070983. [PMID: 27367675 PMCID: PMC4964367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17070983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridizing different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is a particularly successful approach to obtain novel AMPs with increased antimicrobial activity but minimized cytotoxicity. The hybrid peptide cecropin A (1–8)-LL37 (17–30) (C-L) combining the hydrophobic N-terminal fragment of cecropin A (C) with the core antimicrobial fragment of LL37 (L) was designed and synthesized. C-L showed higher antibacterial activity against all indicator strains than C and L, and no hemolytic activity to sheep erythrocytes was observed. C-L kills bacterial cells and causes disruption of surface structure, as determined by scanning electron microscopy. Synergistic effects were observed in the combination of C-L with several antibiotics (chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, or neomycin sulfate) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Biao Wei
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ru-Juan Wu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Da-Yong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiu-Dong Liao
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ri-Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Smani Y, Pachón-Ibáñez ME, Pachón J. New molecules and adjuvants in the treatment of infections by Acinetobacter baumannii. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17:1207-14. [PMID: 27067283 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2016.1176144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current problems of the treatment of infections by Acinetobacter baumannii are linked with the increase of multidrug- and extensive-drug resistance and the lack of development of new antimicrobial drugs for Gram-negative bacilli. For these reasons, new alternatives for the treatment and control of severe infections by A. baumannii are necessary. Several studies have reported the effect of adjuvants to restore the efficacy of existing antimicrobial agents. AREAS COVERED In the present review, the authors describe the main results in the development of adjuvant drugs as well as new data on antimicrobial peptides, in monotherapy or in combination therapy with existing antimicrobial agents, which have shown promising preclinical results in vitro and in vivo. EXPERT OPINION The preclinical evaluation of adjuvants and antimicrobial peptides, in monotherapy or in combination therapy, for A. baumannii infections has shown promising results. However, caution is needed and further extensive in vivo studies and clinical trials have to be performed to confirm the potential use of these adjuvants as true therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Smani
- a Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain
| | - María Eugenia Pachón-Ibáñez
- a Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain
| | - Jerónimo Pachón
- a Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain
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One-step synthesis of high-density peptide-conjugated gold nanoparticles with antimicrobial efficacy in a systemic infection model. Biomaterials 2016; 85:99-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Solstad RG, Li C, Isaksson J, Johansen J, Svenson J, Stensvåg K, Haug T. Novel Antimicrobial Peptides EeCentrocins 1, 2 and EeStrongylocin 2 from the Edible Sea Urchin Echinus esculentus Have 6-Br-Trp Post-Translational Modifications. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151820. [PMID: 27007817 PMCID: PMC4805251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics has resulted in an urgent need to develop new antimicrobial agents. Natural antimicrobial peptides are considered promising candidates for drug development. Echinoderms, which rely on innate immunity factors in the defence against harmful microorganisms, are sources of novel antimicrobial peptides. This study aimed to isolate and characterise antimicrobial peptides from the Edible sea urchin Echinus esculentus. Using bioassay-guided purification and cDNA cloning, three antimicrobial peptides were characterised from the haemocytes of the sea urchin; two heterodimeric peptides and a cysteine-rich peptide. The peptides were named EeCentrocin 1 and 2 and EeStrongylocin 2, respectively, due to their apparent homology to the published centrocins and strongylocins isolated from the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. The two centrocin-like peptides EeCentrocin 1 and 2 are intramolecularly connected via a disulphide bond to form a heterodimeric structure, containing a cationic heavy chain of 30 and 32 amino acids and a light chain of 13 amino acids. Additionally, the light chain of EeCentrocin 2 seems to be N-terminally blocked by a pyroglutamic acid residue. The heavy chains of EeCentrocins 1 and 2 were synthesised and shown to be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the natural peptides. EeStrongylocin 2 contains 6 cysteines engaged in 3 disulphide bonds. A fourth peptide (Ee4635) was also discovered but not fully characterised. Using mass spectrometric and NMR analyses, EeCentrocins 1 and 2, EeStrongylocin 2 and Ee4635 were all shown to contain post-translationally brominated Trp residues in the 6 position of the indole ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runar Gjerp Solstad
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Chun Li
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, the Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jostein Johansen
- Department of Chemistry, the Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johan Svenson
- Department of Chemistry, the Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Klara Stensvåg
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tor Haug
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Moghaddam MM, Abolhassani F, Babavalian H, Mirnejad R, Azizi Barjini K, Amani J. Comparison of in vitro antibacterial activities of two cationic peptides CM15 and CM11 against five pathogenic bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 4:133-9. [PMID: 26781855 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-012-9098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the widespread use of antibiotics has caused many bacterial pathogens resistance to conventional antibiotics. Therefore, generation of new antibiotics to control and reduce the effects of these pathogens is urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides and proteins are important members of the host defense system in eukaryotes. These peptides are potent, broad-spectrum antibiotics that demonstrate potential as novel and alternative therapeutic agents for the treatment of drug-resistant infections. Accordingly, we evaluated two hybrid peptides CM11 (WKLFKKILKVL-NH2) and CM15 (KWKLFKKIGAVLKVL-NH2) on five important pathogenic bacteria. These peptides are short cecropin-melittin hybrid peptides obtained through a sequence combination approach, which are highly effective to inhibit the growth of important pathogenic bacteria. The activity of these two cationic peptides (CM11 and CM15) in different concentrations (2-64 mg/L) was investigated against standard and clinical isolates of important hospital infection bacteria by measuring MIC, MBC, and bactericidal assay. These peptides demonstrated the same ranges of inhibitory values: The organisms in early 24 h were more susceptible to polycationic peptides (MIC: 8 mg/L and MBC 32 mg/L), but after 48 h the MIC and MBC remained constant for the CM11 peptide. Bactericidal assay showed that all bacteria strains did not have any growth in agar plates after 40 min. The result showed that these two peptides are more effective than other peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moosazadeh Moghaddam
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Vanak Sq. Mollasadra St., P.O. Box: 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
| | - F Abolhassani
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Vanak Sq. Mollasadra St., P.O. Box: 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
| | - H Babavalian
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Vanak Sq. Mollasadra St., P.O. Box: 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
| | - R Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - K Azizi Barjini
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - J Amani
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Vanak Sq. Mollasadra St., P.O. Box: 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
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An Amphipathic Undecapeptide with All d-Amino Acids Shows Promising Activity against Colistin-Resistant Strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and a Dual Mode of Action. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60:592-9. [PMID: 26574005 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01966-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple strains of Acinetobacter baumannii have developed multidrug resistance (MDR), leaving colistin as the only effective treatment. The cecropin-α-melittin hybrid BP100 (KKLFKKILKYL-NH2) and its analogs have previously shown activity against a wide array of plant and human pathogens. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antibacterial activities of 18 BP100 analogs (four known and 14 new) against the MDR A. baumannii strain ATCC BAA-1605, as well as against a number of other clinically relevant human pathogens. Selected peptides were further evaluated against strains of A. baumannii that acquired resistance to colistin due to mutations of the lpxC, lpxD, pmrA, and pmrB genes. The novel analogue BP214 showed antimicrobial activity at 1 to 2 μM and a hemolytic 50% effective concentration (EC50) of >150 μM. The lower activity of its enantiomer suggests a dual, specific and nonspecific mode of action. Interestingly, colistin behaved antagonistically to BP214 when pmrAB and lpxC mutants were challenged.
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Du H, Samuel RL, Massiah MA, Gillmor SD. The structure and behavior of the NA-CATH antimicrobial peptide with liposomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Huang W, Wang S, Yao Y, Xia Y, Yang X, Long Q, Sun W, Liu C, Li Y, Ma Y. OmpW is a potential target for eliciting protective immunity against Acinetobacter baumannii infections. Vaccine 2015. [PMID: 26207591 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an important conditioned pathogen that causes nosocomial and community-associated infections. In this study, we sought to investigate whether outer membrane protein W (OmpW) is a potential target for eliciting protective immunity against A. baumannii infections. Mice immunized with the fusion protein thioredoxin-OmpW generated strong OmpW-specific IgG responses. In a sepsis model, both active and passive immunizations against OmpW effectively protected mice from A. baumannii infections. This protection was demonstrated by a significantly improved survival rate, reduced bacterial burdens within organs, and the suppressed accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in sera. Opsonophagocytic assays with murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells indicated that the bactericidal effects of the antisera derived from the immunized mice are mediated synergistically by specific antibodies and complement components. The antisera presented significant opsonophagocytic activities against homologous strains and clonally distinct clinical isolates in vitro. Protein data analysis showed that the sequence of OmpW, which has a molecule length of 183 amino acids, is more than 91% conserved in reported A. baumannii strains. In conclusion, we identified OmpW as a highly immunogenic and conserved protein as a valuable antigen candidate for the development of an effective vaccine or the preparation of antisera to control A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ye Xia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China.
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Jindal HM, Le CF, Mohd Yusof MY, Velayuthan RD, Lee VS, Zain SM, Isa DM, Sekaran SD. Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Synthetic Peptides Derived from Indolicidin and Ranalexin against Streptococcus pneumoniae. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128532. [PMID: 26046345 PMCID: PMC4457802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics in order to defeat multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this study, thirteen antimicrobial peptides were designed based on two natural peptides indolicidin and ranalexin. Our results revealed that four hybrid peptides RN7-IN10, RN7-IN9, RN7-IN8, and RN7-IN6 possess potent antibacterial activity against 30 pneumococcal clinical isolates (MIC 7.81-15.62µg/ml). These four hybrid peptides also showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity (7.81µg/ml) against S. aureus, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and E. coli. Furthermore, the time killing assay results showed that the hybrid peptides were able to eliminate S. pneumoniae within less than one hour which is faster than the standard drugs erythromycin and ceftriaxone. The cytotoxic effects of peptides were tested against human erythrocytes, WRL-68 normal liver cell line, and NL-20 normal lung cell line. The results revealed that none of the thirteen peptides have cytotoxic or hemolytic effects at their MIC values. The in silico molecular docking study was carried out to investigate the binding properties of peptides with three pneumococcal virulent targets by Autodock Vina. RN7IN6 showed a strong affinity to target proteins; autolysin, pneumolysin, and pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) based on rigid docking studies. Our results suggest that the hybrid peptides could be suitable candidates for antibacterial drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mahmood Jindal
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Foh Le
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yasim Mohd Yusof
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rukumani Devi Velayuthan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vannajan Sanghiran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sharifuddin Md Zain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Diyana Mohd Isa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamala Devi Sekaran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Insect-derived cecropins display activity against Acinetobacter baumannii in a whole-animal high-throughput Caenorhabditis elegans model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:1728-37. [PMID: 25583713 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04198-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and a concomitant decrease in antibiotic treatment options warrants a search for new classes of antibacterial agents. We have found that A. baumannii is pathogenic and lethal to the model host organism Caenorhabditis elegans and have exploited this phenomenon to develop an automated, high-throughput, high-content screening assay in liquid culture that can be used to identify novel antibiotics effective against A. baumannii. The screening assay involves coincubating C. elegans with A. baumannii in 384-well plates containing potential antibacterial compounds. At the end of the incubation period, worms are stained with a dye that stains only dead animals, and images are acquired using automated microscopy and then analyzed using an automated image analysis program. This robust assay yields a Z' factor consistently greater than 0.7. In a pilot experiment to test the efficacy of the assay, we screened a small custom library of synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that were synthesized using publicly available sequence data and/or transcriptomic data from immune-challenged insects. We identified cecropin A and 14 other cecropin or cecropin-like peptides that were able to enhance C. elegans survival in the presence of A. baumannii. Interestingly, one particular hit, BR003-cecropin A, a cationic peptide synthesized by the mosquito Aedes aegypti, showed antibiotic activity against a panel of Gram-negative bacteria and exhibited a low MIC (5 μg/ml) against A. baumannii. BR003-cecropin A causes membrane permeability in A. baumannii, which could be the underlying mechanism of its lethality.
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Xu W, Zhu X, Tan T, Li W, Shan A. Design of embedded-hybrid antimicrobial peptides with enhanced cell selectivity and anti-biofilm activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98935. [PMID: 24945359 PMCID: PMC4063695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides have attracted considerable attention because of their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and their low prognostic to induce antibiotic resistance which is the most common source of failure in bacterial infection treatment along with biofilms. The method to design hybrid peptide integrating different functional domains of peptides has many advantages. In this study, we designed an embedded-hybrid peptide R-FV-I16 by replacing a functional defective sequence RR7 with the anti-biofilm sequence FV7 embedded in the middle position of peptide RI16. The results demonstrated that the synthetic hybrid the peptide R-FV-I16 had potent antimicrobial activity over a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as anti-biofilm activity. More importantly, R-FV-I16 showed lower hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity. Fluorescent assays demonstrated that R-FV-I16 depolarized the outer and the inner bacterial membranes, while scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy further indicated that this peptide killed bacterial cells by disrupting the cell membrane, thereby damaging membrane integrity. Results from SEM also provided evidence that R-FV-I16 inherited anti-biofilm activity from the functional peptide sequence FV7. Embedded-hybrid peptides could provide a new pattern for combining different functional domains and showing an effective avenue to screen for novel antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weizhong Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail:
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Zhu H, Yang X, Liu J, Ge Y, Qin Q, Lu J, Zhan L, Liu Z, Zhang H, Chen X, Zhang C, Xu L, Cheng H, Sun X. Melittin radiosensitizes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with induction of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8699-705. [PMID: 24870598 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is primarily treated by chemoradiotherapy. However, the outcome has not improved significantly because of radioresistance of cancer cells. This study aimed to determine the radiosensitizing effect of melittin, a novel component of bee venom, in ESCC. ESCC cell lines were irradiated with or without melittin. Cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit 8 assay. Radiosensitization was evaluated by clonogenic survival assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results show that melittin potently sensitized ESCC cells to radiation with a sensitization enhancement ratio of 1.15-1.42. Radiosensitization was accompanied with enhanced apoptosis and regulated by apoptosis proteins. The results were confirmed by in vivo studies on tumor-bearing xenografts. In summary, these results provide support that melittin may be a potentially promising radiosensitizer in ESCC radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guanzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
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Wu R, Wang Q, Zheng Z, Zhao L, Shang Y, Wei X, Liao X, Zhang R. Design, characterization and expression of a novel hybrid peptides melittin (1-13)-LL37 (17-30). Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:4163-9. [PMID: 24871991 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hybridizing of different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has been a common practice for obtaining novel hybrid AMPs with elevated antibacterial activity but minimized cytotoxicity. The hybrid peptides melittin (1-13)-LL37 (17-30) (M-L) combining the hydrophobic N-terminal fragment of melittin (M) with the core antibacterial fragment of LL37 (L), was designed for the first time to explore its antibacterial activity and hemolytic activity against bacteria and sheep erythrocyte respectively. Results showed that M-L had an even more potent antibacterial activity against all indicator strains (especially gram-positive bacteria) than M and L, whereas didn't exhibit hemolytic activity to sheep erythrocytes, implying M-L can be served as a potential therapeutic drug to substitute traditional antibiotics. However the high expense of biosynthesis limited its further research, therefore fusion expression of M-L was carried out in Escherichia coli (E. coli) for overproducing the hybrid peptide so as to solve the problem. The DNA sequence encoding M-L with preferred codons was cloned into the pET-SUMO vector for protein expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3). After IPTG induction, approximately 165 mg soluble fusion protein SUMO-M-L was recovered per liter supernatant of the fermentation ultrasonic lysate using Ni-NTA Sepharose column (92 % purity). And 23 mg recombinant M-L was obtained per liter culture after cleavage of SUMO protease and purification of Ni-NTA Sepharose column. In sum, this research not only supplied an effective approach for overproducing hybrid peptide M-L, but paved the way for its further exploration on pharmaceutical potential and medical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujuan Wu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
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Epinecidin-1 has immunomodulatory effects, facilitating its therapeutic use in a mouse model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:4264-74. [PMID: 24820078 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02958-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are garnering attention as possible alternatives to antibiotics. Here, we describe the antimicrobial properties of epinecidin-1 against a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa R) and a P. aeruginosa strain from ATCC (P. aeruginosa ATCC 19660) in vivo. The MICs of epinecidin-1 against P. aeruginosa R and P. aeruginosa ATCC 19660 were determined and compared with those of imipenem. Epinecidin-1 was found to be highly effective at combating peritonitis infection caused by P. aeruginosa R or P. aeruginosa ATCC 19660 in mouse models, without inducing adverse behavioral effects or liver or kidney toxicity. Taken together, our results indicate that epinecidin-1 enhances the rate of survival of mice infected with the bacterial pathogen P. aeruginosa through both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects.
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Synergistic effects and antibiofilm properties of chimeric peptides against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 58:1622-9. [PMID: 24366740 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02473-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens highlights the need to identify novel antibiotics. Here we investigated the efficacies of four new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for potential drug development. The antibacterial activities, synergistic effects, and antibiofilm properties of the four chimeric AMPs were tested against Acinetobacter baumannii, an emerging Gram-negative, nosocomial, drug-resistant pathogen. Nineteen A. baumannii strains resistant to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, and erythromycin were isolated at a hospital from patients with cholelithiasis. All four peptides exhibited significant antibacterial effects (MIC=3.12 to 12.5 μM) against all 19 strains, whereas five commercial antibiotics showed little or no activity against the same pathogens. An exception was polymyxin, which was effective against all of the strains tested. Each of the peptides showed synergy against one or more strains when administered in combination with cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, or erythromycin. The peptides also exhibited an ability to prevent biofilm formation, which was not seen with cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, or erythromycin, though polymyxin also inhibited biofilm formation. Indeed, when administered in combination with ciprofloxacin, the AMP HPMA exerted a potent synergistic effect against A. baumannii biofilm formation. Collectively, our findings indicate that the AMPs tested have no cytotoxicity but possess potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities and may act synergistically with commercial antibiotics.
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Investigation of the antibacterial activity of a short cationic peptide against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium strains and its cytotoxicity on eukaryotic cells. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:1533-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pulido D, Torrent M, Andreu D, Nogués MV, Boix E. Two human host defense ribonucleases against mycobacteria, the eosinophil cationic protein (RNase 3) and RNase 7. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:3797-805. [PMID: 23716047 PMCID: PMC3719706 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00428-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new agents against mycobacterial infections, such as tuberculosis and other respiratory tract or skin affections. In this study, we have tested two human antimicrobial RNases against mycobacteria. RNase 3, also called the eosinophil cationic protein, and RNase 7 are two small cationic proteins secreted by innate cells during host defense. Both proteins are induced upon infection displaying a wide range of antipathogen activities. In particular, they are released by leukocytes and epithelial cells, contributing to tissue protection. Here, the two RNases have been proven effective against Mycobacterium vaccae at a low micromolar level. High bactericidal activity correlated with their bacterial membrane depolarization and permeabilization activities. Further analysis on both protein-derived peptides identified for RNase 3 an N-terminus fragment that is even more active than the parental protein. Also, a potent bacterial agglutinating activity was unique to RNase 3 and its derived peptide. The particular biophysical properties of the RNase 3 active peptide are envisaged as a suitable reference for the development of novel antimycobacterial drugs. The results support the contribution of secreted RNases to the host immune response against mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pulido
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Marc Torrent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Victoria Nogués
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Xi D, Teng D, Wang X, Mao R, Yang Y, Xiang W, Wang J. Design, expression and characterization of the hybrid antimicrobial peptide LHP7, connected by a flexible linker, against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Design of hybrid β-hairpin peptides with enhanced cell specificity and potent anti-inflammatory activity. Biomaterials 2012; 34:237-50. [PMID: 23046754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted considerable attention for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and reduced tendency to cause bacterial resistance. Emerging concerns over the host cytotoxicity of AMPs, however, may ultimately compromise their development as pharmaceuticals. In order to optimize AMPs with potent cell specificity and anti-inflammatory activity, we designed β-hairpin hybrid peptides based upon progetrin-1, bovine lactoferricin and cecropin A. The synthetic hybrid peptides LB-PG and CA-PG demonstrated high selectivity over a wide range of microbes from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in porcine red blood cells. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that these peptides kill microbial cells by penetrating the cell membrane and damaging the membrane envelope. Gel retardation demonstrates that the peptides have a high affinity for DNA, indicating an additional possible intracellular bactericidal mechanism. Moreover, the hybrid peptides inhibit the expression of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1), following LPS stimulation in RAW264.7 cells. Our results indicate that these hybrid peptides have considerable potential for future development as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Characterization of selective antibacterial peptides by polarity index. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDES 2012; 2012:585027. [PMID: 22611416 PMCID: PMC3348531 DOI: 10.1155/2012/585027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, antibacterial peptides have occupied a strategic position for pharmaceutical drug applications and became subject of intense research activities since they are used to strengthen the immune system of all living organisms by protecting them from pathogenic bacteria. This work proposes a simple and easy statistical/computational method through a peptide polarity index measure by which an antibacterial peptide subgroup can be efficiently identified, that is, characterized by a high toxicity to bacterial membranes but presents a low toxicity to mammal cells. These peptides also have the feature not to adopt to an alpha-helicoidal structure in aqueous solution. The double-blind test carried out to the whole Antimicrobial Peptide Database (November 2011) showed an accuracy of 90% applying the polarity index method for the identification of such antibacterial peptide groups.
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Efficacy of six frog skin-derived antimicrobial peptides against colistin-resistant strains of the Acinetobacter baumannii group. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012; 39:317-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cai Y, Chai D, Wang R, Liang B, Bai N. Colistin resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: clinical reports, mechanisms and antimicrobial strategies. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67:1607-15. [PMID: 22441575 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin is the last resort for treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Unfortunately, resistance to colistin has been reported all over the world. The highest resistance rate was reported in Asia, followed by Europe. The heteroresistance rate of A. baumannii to colistin is generally higher than the resistance rate. The mechanism of resistance might be loss of lipopolysaccharide or/and the PmrAB two-component system. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies revealed that colistin monotherapy is unable to prevent resistance, and combination therapy might be the best antimicrobial strategy against colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Colistin/rifampicin and colistin/carbapenem are the most studied combinations that showed promising results in vitro, in vivo and in the clinic. New peptides showing good activity against colistin-resistant A. baumannii are also being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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Haney EF, Nazmi K, Bolscher JGM, Vogel HJ. Structural and biophysical characterization of an antimicrobial peptide chimera comprised of lactoferricin and lactoferrampin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1818:762-75. [PMID: 22155682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferricin and lactoferrampin are two antimicrobial peptides found in the N-terminal lobe of bovine lactoferrin with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as Candida albicans. A heterodimer comprised of lactoferrampin joined to a fragment of lactoferricin was recently reported in which these two peptides were joined at their C-termini through the two amino groups of a single Lys residue (Bolscher et al., 2009, Biochimie 91(1):123-132). This hybrid peptide, termed LFchimera, has significantly higher antimicrobial activity compared to the individual peptides or an equimolar mixture of the two. In this work, the underlying mechanism behind the increased antibacterial activity of LFchimera was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry studies demonstrated that all the peptides influenced the thermotropic phase behaviour of anionic phospholipid suspensions. Calcein leakage and vesicle fusion experiments with anionic liposomes revealed that LFchimera had enhanced membrane perturbing properties compared to the individual peptides. Peptide structures were evaluated using circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy to gain insight into the structural features of LFchimera that contribute to the increased antimicrobial activity. The NMR solution structure, determined in a miscible co-solvent mixture of chloroform, methanol and water, revealed that the Lys linkage increased the helical content in LFchimera compared to the individual peptides, but it did not fix the relative orientations of lactoferricin and lactoferrampin with respect to each other. The structure of LFchimera provides insight into the conformation of this peptide in a membranous environment and improves our understanding of its antimicrobial mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan F Haney
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Che YZ, Li YR, Zou HS, Zou LF, Zhang B, Chen GY. A novel antimicrobial protein for plant protection consisting of a Xanthomonas oryzae harpin and active domains of cecropin A and melittin. Microb Biotechnol 2011; 4:777-93. [PMID: 21895994 PMCID: PMC3815413 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoveries about antimicrobial peptides and plant defence activators have made possible the de novo and rational design of novel peptides for use in crop protection. Here we report a novel chimeric protein, Hcm1, which was made by linking the active domains of cecropin A and melittin to the hypersensitive response (HR)‐elicitor Hpa1 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of rice bacterial leaf streak. The resulting chimeric protein maintained not only the HR‐inducing property of the harpin, but also the antimicrobial activity of the cecropin A‐melittin hybrid. Hcm1 was purified from engineered Escherichia coli and evaluated in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the 50% effective dose (ED50) against important plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Importantly, the protein acted as a potential pesticide by inducing disease resistance for viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens. This designed drug can be considered as a lead compound for use in plant protection, either for the development of new broad‐spectrum pesticides or for expression in transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Che
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management for Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Nanjing 210095, China
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Vila-Farres X, Garcia de la Maria C, López-Rojas R, Pachón J, Giralt E, Vila J. In vitro activity of several antimicrobial peptides against colistin-susceptible and colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 18:383-7. [PMID: 21672084 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
At present, colistin is among the few antibiotics effective against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. However, in the last few years, colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains have been isolated. Therefore, antibiotics effective against these usually pan-resistant colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains are required. The main objective of this study was to analyse the activity of 15 peptides against colistin-susceptible and colistin-resistant A. baumannii. The MICs were determined by microdilution. Among these 15 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), melittin, indolicidin and mastoparan showed good activity against both colistin-susceptible and colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Further studies of mastoparan with time-killing curves showed bactericidal activity at MIC ×8 for both colistin-susceptible and colistin-resistant A. baumannii. In conclusion, mastoparan may be a potential alternative for the treatment of colistin-resistant A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Vila-Farres
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, CRESIB/IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
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López-Rojas R, Docobo-Pérez F, Pachón-Ibáñez ME, de la Torre BG, Fernández-Reyes M, March C, Bengoechea JA, Andreu D, Rivas L, Pachón J. Efficacy of cecropin A-melittin peptides on a sepsis model of infection by pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 30:1391-8. [PMID: 21479973 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-011-1233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii have prompted the search for therapeutic alternatives. We evaluate the efficacy of four cecropin A-melittin hybrid peptides (CA-M) in vivo. Toxicity was determined in mouse erythrocytes and in mice (lethal dose parameters were LD(0), LD(50), LD(100)). Protective dose 50 (PD(50)) was determined by inoculating groups of ten mice with the minimal lethal dose of A. baumannii (BMLD) and treating with doses of each CA-M from 0.5 mg/kg to LD(0). The activity of CA-Ms against A. baumannii was assessed in a peritoneal sepsis model. Mice were sacrificed at 0 and 1, 3, 5, and 7-h post-treatment. Spleen and peritoneal fluid bacterial concentrations were measured. CA(1-8)M(1-18) was the less haemolytic on mouse erythrocytes. LD(0) (mg/kg) was 32 for CA(1-8)M(1-18), CA(1-7)M(2-9), and Oct-CA(1-7)M(2-9), and 16 for CA(1-7)M(5-9). PD(50) was not achieved with non-toxic doses (≤ LD(0)). In the sepsis model, all CA-Ms were bacteriostatic in spleen, and decreased bacterial concentration (p < 0.05) in peritoneal fluid, at 1-h post-treatment; at later times, bacterial regrowth was observed in peritoneal fluid. CA-Ms showed local short-term efficacy in the peritoneal sepsis model caused by pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- R López-Rojas
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla/CSIC Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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Vutto NL, Gapeeva TA, Pundik AN, Tretyakova TG, Volotovski ID. Transgenic Belarussian-bred potato plants expressing the genes for antimicrobial peptides of the cecropin-melittin type. RUSS J GENET+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795410120057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Neonakis IK, Spandidos DA, Petinaki E. Confronting multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: a review. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010; 37:102-9. [PMID: 21130607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) infections are difficult to treat owing to the extremely limited armamentarium. The present review reports all available treatment options against MDR-AB, including single molecules, combination schemes, and alternative modes of antimicrobial administration. Additionally, a group of recently reported peptides with anti-MDR-AB activity is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis K Neonakis
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
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