1
|
Bartak D, Šachlová Š, Kašpar V, Říha J, Dobrev D, Večerník P, Hlaváčková V, Matulová M, Černá K. Dramatic loss of microbial viability in bentonite exposed to heat and gamma radiation: implications for deep geological repository. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:264. [PMID: 38990244 PMCID: PMC11239606 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04069-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Bentonite is an integral part of the engineered barrier system (EBS) in deep geological repositories (DGR) for nuclear waste, but its indigenous microorganisms may jeopardize long-term EBS integrity. To predict microbial activity in DGRs, it is essential to understand microbial reactions to the early hot phase of DGR evolution. Two bentonites (BCV and MX-80) with varied bentonite/water ratios and saturation levels (compacted to 1600 kg.m- 3 dry density/powder/suspension), were subjected to heat (90-150 °C) and irradiation (0.4 Gy.h- 1) in the long-term experiments (up to 18 months). Molecular-genetic, microscopic, and cultivation-based techniques assessed microbial survivability. Exposure to 90 °C and 150 °C notably diminished microbial viability, irrespective of bentonite form, with negligible impacts from irradiation or sample type compared to temperature. Bentonite powder samples exhibited microbial recovery after 90 °C heating for up to 6 months but not 12 months in most cases; exposure to 150 °C had an even stronger effect. Further long-term experiments at additional temperatures combined with the mathematical prediction of temperature evolution in DGR are recommended to validate the possible evolution and spatial distribution of microbially depleted zones in bentonite buffer around the waste canisters and refine predictions of microbial effects over time in the DGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Bartak
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec, 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Šachlová
- Disposal Processes and Safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, Husinec, 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastislav Kašpar
- Disposal Processes and Safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, Husinec, 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Říha
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec, 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - David Dobrev
- Disposal Processes and Safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, Husinec, 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Večerník
- Disposal Processes and Safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, Husinec, 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hlaváčková
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec, 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Matulová
- Radioactive Waste Repository Authority, SÚRAO, Dlážděná 6, Prague, 11000, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Černá
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec, 460 01, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bartak D, Bedrníková E, Kašpar V, Říha J, Hlaváčková V, Večerník P, Šachlová Š, Černá K. Survivability and proliferation of microorganisms in bentonite with implication to radioactive waste geological disposal: strong effect of temperature and negligible effect of pressure. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:41. [PMID: 38071262 PMCID: PMC10710388 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03849-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
As bentonite hosts a diverse spectrum of indigenous microorganisms with the potential to influence the long-term stability of deep geological repositories, it is essential to understand the factors influencing microbial activity under repository conditions. Here, we focus on two factors, i.e., temperature and swelling pressure, using a suspension of Cerny Vrch bentonite to boost microbial activity and evaluate microbial response. Suspensions were exposed either to different pressures (10, 12 and 15 MPa; to simulate the effect of swelling pressure) or elevated temperatures (60, 70, 80 and 90 °C; to simulate the effect of cannister heating) for four weeks. Each treatment was followed by a period of anaerobic incubation at atmospheric pressure/laboratory temperature to assess microbial recovery after treatment. Microbial load and community structure were then estimated using molecular-genetic methods, with presence of living cells confirmed through microscopic analysis. Our study demonstrated that discrete application of pressure did not influence on overall microbial activity or proliferation, implying that pressure evolution during bentonite swelling is not the critical factor responsible for microbial suppression in saturated bentonites. However, pressure treatment caused significant shifts in microbial community structure. We also demonstrated that microbial activity decreased with increasing temperature, and that heat treatment strongly influenced bentonite microbial community structure, with several thermophilic taxa identified. A temperature of 90 °C proved to be limiting for microbial activity and proliferation in all bentonite suspensions. Our study emphasizes the crucial role of a deep understanding of microbial activity under repository-relevant conditions in identifying possible strategies to mitigate the microbial potential within the deep geological repository and increase its long-term stability and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Bartak
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, 460 01, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Bedrníková
- Disposal processes and safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, 250 68, Husinec, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastislav Kašpar
- Disposal processes and safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, 250 68, Husinec, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Říha
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, 460 01, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hlaváčková
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, 460 01, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Večerník
- Disposal processes and safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, 250 68, Husinec, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Šachlová
- Disposal processes and safety, ÚJV Řež, a. s., Hlavní 130, 250 68, Husinec, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Černá
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, 460 01, Liberec, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Donati S, Mattanovich M, Hjort P, Jacobsen SAB, Blomquist SD, Mangaard D, Gurdo N, Pastor FP, Maury J, Hanke R, Herrgård MJ, Wulff T, Jakočiūnas T, Nielsen LK, McCloskey D. An automated workflow for multi-omics screening of microbial model organisms. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:14. [PMID: 37208327 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-omics datasets are becoming of key importance to drive discovery in fundamental research as much as generating knowledge for applied biotechnology. However, the construction of such large datasets is usually time-consuming and expensive. Automation might enable to overcome these issues by streamlining workflows from sample generation to data analysis. Here, we describe the construction of a complex workflow for the generation of high-throughput microbial multi-omics datasets. The workflow comprises a custom-built platform for automated cultivation and sampling of microbes, sample preparation protocols, analytical methods for sample analysis and automated scripts for raw data processing. We demonstrate possibilities and limitations of such workflow in generating data for three biotechnologically relevant model organisms, namely Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Pseudomonas putida.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Donati
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Matthias Mattanovich
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Hjort
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Sarah Dina Blomquist
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Drude Mangaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Gurdo
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Felix Pacheco Pastor
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jérôme Maury
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rene Hanke
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Markus J Herrgård
- BioInnovation Institute, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200, København, Denmark
| | - Tune Wulff
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tadas Jakočiūnas
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars Keld Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Douglas McCloskey
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ruiz-Fresneda MA, Martinez-Moreno MF, Povedano-Priego C, Morales-Hidalgo M, Jroundi F, Merroun ML. Impact of microbial processes on the safety of deep geological repositories for radioactive waste. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1134078. [PMID: 37007474 PMCID: PMC10062484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the increasing production of radioactive waste due to the extensive use of nuclear power is becoming a global environmental concern for society. For this reason, many countries have been considering the use of deep geological repositories (DGRs) for the safe disposal of this waste in the near future. Several DGR designs have been chemically, physically, and geologically well characterized. However, less is known about the influence of microbial processes for the safety of these disposal systems. The existence of microorganisms in many materials selected for their use as barriers for DGRs, including clay, cementitious materials, or crystalline rocks (e.g., granites), has previously been reported. The role that microbial processes could play in the metal corrosion of canisters containing radioactive waste, the transformation of clay minerals, gas production, and the mobility of the radionuclides characteristic of such residues is well known. Among the radionuclides present in radioactive waste, selenium (Se), uranium (U), and curium (Cm) are of great interest. Se and Cm are common components of the spent nuclear fuel residues, mainly as 79Se isotope (half-life 3.27 × 105 years), 247Cm (half-life: 1.6 × 107 years) and 248Cm (half-life: 3.5 × 106 years) isotopes, respectively. This review presents an up-to-date overview about how microbes occurring in the surroundings of a DGR may influence their safety, with a particular focus on the radionuclide-microbial interactions. Consequently, this paper will provide an exhaustive understanding about the influence of microorganisms in the safety of planned radioactive waste repositories, which in turn might improve their implementation and efficiency.
Collapse
|
5
|
Bassil NM, Small JS, Lloyd JR. Enhanced microbial degradation of irradiated cellulose under hyperalkaline conditions. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:fiaa102. [PMID: 32459307 PMCID: PMC7329180 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermediate-level radioactive waste includes cellulosic materials, which under the hyperalkaline conditions expected in a cementitious geological disposal facility (GDF) will undergo abiotic hydrolysis forming a variety of soluble organic species. Isosaccharinic acid (ISA) is a notable hydrolysis product, being a strong metal complexant that may enhance the transport of radionuclides to the biosphere. This study showed that irradiation with 1 MGy of γ-radiation under hyperalkaline conditions enhanced the rate of ISA production from the alkali hydrolysis of cellulose, indicating that radionuclide mobilisation to the biosphere may occur faster than previously anticipated. However, irradiation also made the cellulose fibres more available for microbial degradation and fermentation of the degradation products, producing acidity that inhibited ISA production via alkali hydrolysis. The production of hydrogen gas as a fermentation product was noted, and this was associated with a substantial increase in the relative abundance of hydrogen-oxidising bacteria. Taken together, these results expand our conceptual understanding of the mechanisms involved in ISA production, accumulation and biodegradation in a biogeochemically active cementitious GDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naji M Bassil
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Joe S Small
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- National Nuclear Laboratory, Chadwick House, Birchwood Park, Warrington WA3 6AE, UK
| | - Jonathan R Lloyd
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kretzschmar J, Strobel A, Haubitz T, Drobot B, Steudtner R, Barkleit A, Brendler V, Stumpf T. Uranium(VI) Complexes of Glutathione Disulfide Forming in Aqueous Solution. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4244-4254. [PMID: 32148028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between glutathione disulfide, GSSG, the redox partner and dimer of the intracellular detoxification agent glutathione, GSH, and hexavalent uranium, U(VI), were extensively studied by solution NMR (in D2O), complemented by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence and IR spectroscopies. As expected for the hard Lewis acid U(VI), coordination facilitates by the ligands' O-donor carboxyl groups. However, owing to the adjacent cationic α-amino group, the glutamyl-COO reveal monodentate binding, while the COO of the glycyl residues show bidentate coordination. The log K value for the reaction UO22+ + H3GSSG- → UO2(H3GSSG)+ (pH 3, 0.1 M NaClO4) was determined for the first time, being 4.81 ± 0.08; extrapolation to infinite dilution gave log K⊖ = 5.24 ± 0.08. U(VI) and GSSG form precipitates in the whole pD range studied (2-8), showing least solubility for 4 < pD < 6.5. Thus, particularly GSSG, hereby representing also other peptides and small proteins, affects the mobility of U(VI), strongly depending on the speciation of either component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Kretzschmar
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Strobel
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Toni Haubitz
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Barkleit
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vinzenz Brendler
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shifts in microbial community composition in tannery-contaminated soil in response to increased gamma radiation. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Contaminated sites from man-made activities such as old-fashioned tanneries are inhabited by virulent microorganisms that exhibit more resistance against extreme and toxic environmental conditions. We investigated the effect of different Gamma radiation doses on microbial community composition in the sediment of an old-fashioned tannery.
Methods
Seven samples collected from the contaminated sites received different gamma radiation doses (I = 0.0, II = 5, III = 10, VI = 15, V = 20, VI = 25, and VII = 30 kGy) as an acute exposure. The shift in microbial community structure was assessed using the high throughput 454 pyrosequencing. Variations in diversity, richness, and the shift in operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were investigated using statistical analysis.
Result
Our results showed that the control sample (I) had the highest diversity, richness, and OTUs when compared with the irradiated samples. Species of Halocella, Parasporobacterium, and Anaerosporobacter had the highest relative abundance at the highest radiation dose of 30 kGy. Members of the Firmicutes also increased by 20% at the highest radiation dose when compared with the control sample (0.0 kGy). Representatives of Synergistetes decreased by 25% while Bacteroidetes retained a steady distribution across the range of gamma radiation intensities.
Conclusion
This study provides information about potential “radioresistant” and/or “radiotolerant” microbial species that are adapted to elevated level of chemical toxicity such as Cr and Sr in tannery. These species can be of a high biotechnological and environmental importance.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ogwu MC, Srinivasan S, Dong K, Ramasamy D, Waldman B, Adams JM. Community Ecology of Deinococcus in Irradiated Soil. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:855-872. [PMID: 30980101 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Deinococcus is a genus of soil bacteria known for radiation resistance. However, the effects of radiation exposure on its community structure are unknown. We exposed soil to three levels of gamma radiation, 0.1 kGy/h (low), 1 kGy/h (medium), and 3 kGy/h (high), once a week for 6 weeks and then extracted soil DNA for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. We found the following: (1) Increasing radiation dose produced a major increase in relative abundance of Deinococcus, reaching ~ 80% of reads at the highest doses. Differing abundances of the various Deinococcus species in relation to exposure levels indicate distinct "radiation niches." At 3 kGy/h, a single OTU identified as D. ficus overwhelmingly dominated the mesocosms. (2) Corresponding published genome data show that the dominant species at 3 kGy/h, D. ficus, has a larger and more complex genome than other Deinococcus species with a greater proportion of genes related to DNA and nucleotide metabolism, cell wall, membrane, and envelope biogenesis as well as more cell cycle control, cell division, and chromosome partitioning-related genes. Deinococcus ficus also has a higher guanine-cytosine ratio than most other Deinococcus. These features may be linked to genome stability and may explain its greater abundance in this apparently competitive system, under high-radiation exposures. (3) Genomic analysis suggests that Deinococcus, including D. ficus, are capable of utilizing diverse carbon sources derived from both microbial cells killed by the radiation (including C5-C12-containing compounds, like arabinose, lactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) and plant-derived organic matter in the soil (e.g., cellulose and hemicellulose). (4) Overall, based on its metagenome, even the most highly irradiated (3 kGy/h) soil possesses a wide range of the activities necessary for a functional soil system. Future studies may consider the resilience and sustainability of such soils in a high-radiation environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Chidozie Ogwu
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Ugbowo, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Sathiyaraj Srinivasan
- Department of Bio and Environmental Technology, Division of Environmental and Life Science, College of Natural Science, Seoul Women's University, 623 Hwarangno, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-774, Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Life Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 443-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhamodharan Ramasamy
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bruce Waldman
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Sciences West, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Adams
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Qixia District, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kothamasi D, Wannijn J, Van Hees M, Nauts R, Van Gompel A, Vanhoudt N, Vandenhove H. Exposure to ionizing radiation affects the growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi and induces increased melanin production and increased capacities of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 197:16-22. [PMID: 30500479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi form symbioses with dominant tree families in boreal, temperate and tropical ecosystems and are important drivers of ecosystem function. EM fungal hyphae extend over a large area making them susceptible to enhanced radiation levels from naturally occurring or anthropogenically originating radioisotopes in the rhizosphere. In this study, the in-vitro effects of ionizing radiation on the growth and biomass of EM fungi Suillus luteus, S. bovinus and Rhizopogon luteolus were investigated. EM fungal cultures were exposed to gamma radiation from a 137Cs source for 137 h in darkness at 21 °C at dose rates of 404, 108.5 and 54.9 mGy h-1 resulting in total absorbed doses of 55.21, 14.82 and 7.50 Gy respectively. Cultures grown in the dark at 21 °C but not exposed to the 137Cs source served as the control. Our results show that EM fungi vary in their sensitivity to ionizing radiation. EM fungi used in this study produced melanin and reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase as a response to ionizing radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Kothamasi
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; Laboratory of Soil Biology and Microbial Ecology, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| | - Jean Wannijn
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - May Van Hees
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Robin Nauts
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Axel Van Gompel
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vanhoudt
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Hildegarde Vandenhove
- Institute Environment Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Otte JM, Blackwell N, Soos V, Rughöft S, Maisch M, Kappler A, Kleindienst S, Schmidt C. Sterilization impacts on marine sediment---Are we able to inactivate microorganisms in environmental samples? FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:5104375. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Otte
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nia Blackwell
- Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Soos
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Rughöft
- Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Maisch
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Geomicrobiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sara Kleindienst
- Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Schmidt
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|