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Mukherjee S, Verma A, Kong L, Rengan AK, Cahill DM. Advancements in Green Nanoparticle Technology: Focusing on the Treatment of Clinical Phytopathogens. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1082. [PMID: 39334849 DOI: 10.3390/biom14091082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic pathogenic microbial infections pose a significant danger to human health, which forces people to use riskier, more expensive, and less effective drugs compared to traditional treatments. These may be attributed to several factors, such as overusing antibiotics in medicine and lack of sanitization in hospital settings. In this context, researchers are looking for new options to combat this worrying condition and find a solution. Nanoparticles are currently being utilized in the pharmaceutical sector; however, there is a persistent worry regarding their potential danger to human health due to the usage of toxic chemicals, which makes the utilization of nanoparticles highly hazardous to eukaryotic cells. Multiple nanoparticle-based techniques are now being developed, offering essential understanding regarding the synthesis of components that play a crucial role in producing anti-microbial nanotherapeutic pharmaceuticals. In this regard, green nanoparticles are considered less hazardous than other forms, providing potential options for avoiding the extensive harm to the human microbiome that is prevalent with existing procedures. This review article aims to comprehensively assess the current state of knowledge on green nanoparticles related to antibiotic activity as well as their potential to assist antibiotics in treating opportunistic clinical phytopathogenic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Anamika Verma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
| | - David Miles Cahill
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
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Hamidizade M, Taghavi SM, Soleimani A, Bouazar M, Abachi H, Portier P, Osdaghi E. Wild mushrooms as potential reservoirs of plant pathogenic bacteria: a case study on Burkholderia gladioli. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0339523. [PMID: 38380912 PMCID: PMC10986547 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03395-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fruit bodies (sporocarps) of wild mushrooms growing in natural environments play a substantial role in the preservation of microbial communities, for example, clinical and food-poisoning bacteria. However, the role of wild mushrooms as natural reservoirs of plant pathogenic bacteria remains almost entirely unknown. Furthermore, bacterial transmission from a mushroom species to agricultural plants has rarely been recorded in the literature. In September 2021, a creamy-white Gram-negative bacterial strain was isolated from the sporocarp of Suillus luteus (slippery jack) growing in Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) lawn in Southern Iran. A similar strain was isolated from the same fungus in the same area in September 2022. Both strains were identified as Burkholderia gladioli based on phenotypic features as well as phylogeny of 16S rRNA and three housekeeping genes. The strains were not only pathogenic on white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) but also induced hypersensitive reaction (HR) on tobacco and common bean leaves and caused soft rot on a set of diverse plant species, that is, chili pepper, common bean pod, cucumber, eggplant, garlic, gladiolus, narcissus, onion, potato, spring onion, okra, kohlrabi, mango, and watermelon. Isolation of plant pathogenic B. gladioli strains from sporocarp of S. luteus in two consecutive years in the same area could be indicative of the role of this fungus in the preservation of the bacterium in the natural environment. B. gladioli associated with naturally growing S. luteus could potentially invade neighboring agricultural crops, for example, vegetables and ornamentals. The potential role of wild mushrooms as natural reservoirs of phytopathogenic bacteria is further discussed.IMPORTANCEThe bacterial genus Burkholderia contains biologically heterogeneous strains that can be isolated from diverse habitats, that is, soil, water, diseased plant material, and clinical specimens. In this study, two Gram-negative pectinolytic bacterial strains were isolated from the sporocarps of Suillus luteus in September 2021 and 2022. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that both strains belonged to the complex species Burkholderia gladioli, while the pathovar status of the strains remained undetermined. Biological investigations accomplished with pathogenicity and host range assays showed that B. gladioli strains isolated from S. luteus in two consecutive years were pathogenic on a set of diverse plant species ranging from ornamentals to both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous vegetables. Thus, B. gladioli could be considered an infectious pathogen capable of being transmitted from wild mushrooms to annual crops. Our results raise a hypothesis that wild mushrooms could be considered as potential reservoirs for phytopathogenic B. gladioli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhde Hamidizade
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - S. Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardavan Soleimani
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bouazar
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Abachi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Perrine Portier
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, CIRM-CFBP, Angers, France
| | - Ebrahim Osdaghi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- Center for International Scientific Studies and Collaborations (CISSC) of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Lowrey LC, Kent LA, Rios BM, Ocasio AB, Cotter PA. An IS-mediated, RecA-dependent, bet-hedging strategy in Burkholderia thailandensis. eLife 2023; 12:84327. [PMID: 36715687 PMCID: PMC9946442 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions is difficult to achieve. Phase variation mechanisms can overcome this difficulty by altering genomic architecture in a subset of individuals, creating a phenotypically heterogeneous population with subpopulations optimized to persist when conditions change, or are encountered, suddenly. We have identified a phase variation system in Burkholderia thailandensis that generates a genotypically and phenotypically heterogeneous population. Genetic analyses revealed that RecA-mediated homologous recombination between a pair of insertion sequence (IS) 2-like elements duplicates a 208.6 kb region of DNA that contains 157 coding sequences. RecA-mediated homologous recombination also resolves merodiploids, and hence copy number of the region is varied and dynamic within populations. We showed that the presence of two or more copies of the region is advantageous for growth in a biofilm, and a single copy is advantageous during planktonic growth. While IS elements are well known to contribute to evolution through gene inactivation, polar effects on downstream genes, and altering genomic architecture, we believe that this system represents a rare example of IS element-mediated evolution in which the IS elements provide homologous sequences for amplification of a chromosomal region that provides a selective advantage under specific growth conditions, thereby expanding the lifestyle repertoire of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian C Lowrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Leslie A Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Bridgett M Rios
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Angelica B Ocasio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Peggy A Cotter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
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Sanz-García F, Gil-Gil T, Laborda P, Ochoa-Sánchez LE, Martínez JL, Hernando-Amado S. Coming from the Wild: Multidrug Resistant Opportunistic Pathogens Presenting a Primary, Not Human-Linked, Environmental Habitat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8080. [PMID: 34360847 PMCID: PMC8347278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use and misuse of antibiotics have made antibiotic-resistant bacteria widespread nowadays, constituting one of the most relevant challenges for human health at present. Among these bacteria, opportunistic pathogens with an environmental, non-clinical, primary habitat stand as an increasing matter of concern at hospitals. These organisms usually present low susceptibility to antibiotics currently used for therapy. They are also proficient in acquiring increased resistance levels, a situation that limits the therapeutic options for treating the infections they cause. In this article, we analyse the most predominant opportunistic pathogens with an environmental origin, focusing on the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance they present. Further, we discuss the functions, beyond antibiotic resistance, that these determinants may have in the natural ecosystems that these bacteria usually colonize. Given the capacity of these organisms for colonizing different habitats, from clinical settings to natural environments, and for infecting different hosts, from plants to humans, deciphering their population structure, their mechanisms of resistance and the role that these mechanisms may play in natural ecosystems is of relevance for understanding the dissemination of antibiotic resistance under a One-Health point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José L. Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-G.); (T.G.-G.); (P.L.); (L.E.O.-S.); (S.H.-A.)
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A Phylogeny-Informed Proteomics Approach for Species Identification within the Burkholderia cepacia Complex. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 58:JCM.01741-20. [PMID: 32878952 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01741-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ancestral genetic exchange between members of many important bacterial pathogen groups has resulted in phylogenetic relationships better described as networks than as bifurcating trees. In certain cases, these reticulated phylogenies have resulted in phenotypic and molecular overlap that challenges the construction of practical approaches for species identification in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), a betaproteobacteria species group responsible for significant morbidity in persons with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease, represents one such group where network-structured phylogeny has hampered the development of diagnostic methods for species-level discrimination. Here, we present a phylogeny-informed proteomics approach to facilitate diagnostic classification of pathogen groups with reticulated phylogenies, using Bcc as an example. Starting with a set of more than 800 Bcc and Burkholderia gladioli whole-genome assemblies, we constructed phylogenies with explicit representation of inferred interspecies recombination. Sixteen highly discriminatory peptides were chosen to distinguish B. cepacia, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Burkholderia multivorans, and B. gladioli and multiplexed into a single, rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry multiple reaction monitoring (LC-MS/MS MRM) assay. Testing of a blinded set of isolates containing these four Burkholderia species demonstrated 50/50 correct automatic negative calls (100% accuracy with a 95% confidence interval [CI] of 92.9 to 100%), and 70/70 correct automatic species-level positive identifications (100% accuracy with 95% CI 94.9 to 100%) after accounting for a single initial incorrect identification due to a preanalytic error, correctly identified on retesting. The approach to analysis described here is applicable to other pathogen groups for which development of diagnostic classification methods is complicated by interspecies recombination.
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Kim JS, Yoon SJ, Park YJ, Kim SY, Ryu CM. Crossing the kingdom border: Human diseases caused by plant pathogens. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:2485-2495. [PMID: 32307848 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between pathogenic microorganisms and their hosts are varied and complex, encompassing open-field scale interactions to interactions at the molecular level. The capacity of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi to cause diseases in human and animal systems was, until recently, considered of minor importance. However, recent evidence suggests that animal and human infections caused by plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses may have critical impacts on human and animal health and safety. This review analyses previous research on plant pathogens as causal factors of animal illness. In addition, a case study involving disruption of type III effector-mediated phagocytosis in a human cell line upon infection with an opportunistic phytopathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, is discussed. Further knowledge regarding the molecular interactions between plant pathogens and human and animal hosts is needed to understand the extent of disease incidence and determine mechanisms for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Seob Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Yoon
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
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Maintenance of Pulmonary Therapies. Respir Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42382-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wallner A, King E, Ngonkeu ELM, Moulin L, Béna G. Genomic analyses of Burkholderia cenocepacia reveal multiple species with differential host-adaptation to plants and humans. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:803. [PMID: 31684866 PMCID: PMC6829993 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burkholderia cenocepacia is a human opportunistic pathogen causing devastating symptoms in patients suffering from immunodeficiency and cystic fibrosis. Out of the 303 B. cenocepacia strains with available genomes, the large majority were isolated from a clinical context. However, several isolates originate from other environmental sources ranging from aerosols to plant endosphere. Plants can represent reservoirs for human infections as some pathogens can survive and sometimes proliferate in the rhizosphere. We therefore investigated if B. cenocepacia had the same potential. Results We selected genome sequences from 31 different strains, representative of the diversity of ecological niches of B. cenocepacia, and conducted comparative genomic analyses in the aim of finding specific niche or host-related genetic determinants. Phylogenetic analyses and whole genome average nucleotide identity suggest that strains, registered as B. cenocepacia, belong to at least two different species. Core-genome analyses show that the clade enriched in environmental isolates lacks multiple key virulence factors, which are conserved in the sister clade where most clinical isolates fall, including the highly virulent ET12 lineage. Similarly, several plant associated genes display an opposite distribution between the two clades. Finally, we suggest that B. cenocepacia underwent a host jump from plants/environment to animals, as supported by the phylogenetic analysis. We eventually propose a name for the new species that lacks several genetic traits involved in human virulence. Conclusion Regardless of the method used, our studies resulted in a disunited perspective of the B. cenocepacia species. Strains currently affiliated to this taxon belong to at least two distinct species, one having lost several determining animal virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Wallner
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME; 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Eoghan King
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME; 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Eddy L M Ngonkeu
- Institute of Agronomic Research for Development (IRAD), PO Box 2123, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Lionel Moulin
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME; 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Béna
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME; 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France.
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Rowbotham NJ, Palser SC, Smith SJ, Smyth AR. Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: a systematic review of interventions. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:425-434. [DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1595594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Rowbotham
- Evidence Based Child Health Group, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sally C Palser
- Evidence Based Child Health Group, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sherie J Smith
- Evidence Based Child Health Group, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alan R Smyth
- Evidence Based Child Health Group, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Magana M, Sereti C, Ioannidis A, Mitchell CA, Ball AR, Magiorkinis E, Chatzipanagiotou S, Hamblin MR, Hadjifrangiskou M, Tegos GP. Options and Limitations in Clinical Investigation of Bacterial Biofilms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:e00084-16. [PMID: 29618576 PMCID: PMC6056845 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00084-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can form single- and multispecies biofilms exhibiting diverse features based upon the microbial composition of their community and microenvironment. The study of bacterial biofilm development has received great interest in the past 20 years and is motivated by the elegant complexity characteristic of these multicellular communities and their role in infectious diseases. Biofilms can thrive on virtually any surface and can be beneficial or detrimental based upon the community's interplay and the surface. Advances in the understanding of structural and functional variations and the roles that biofilms play in disease and host-pathogen interactions have been addressed through comprehensive literature searches. In this review article, a synopsis of the methodological landscape of biofilm analysis is provided, including an evaluation of the current trends in methodological research. We deem this worthwhile because a keyword-oriented bibliographical search reveals that less than 5% of the biofilm literature is devoted to methodology. In this report, we (i) summarize current methodologies for biofilm characterization, monitoring, and quantification; (ii) discuss advances in the discovery of effective imaging and sensing tools and modalities; (iii) provide an overview of tailored animal models that assess features of biofilm infections; and (iv) make recommendations defining the most appropriate methodological tools for clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magana
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Sereti
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, Thriassio General Hospital, Attiki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Ioannidis
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
| | - Courtney A Mitchell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anthony R Ball
- Gliese 623b, Mendon, Massachusetts, USA
- GAMA Therapeutics LLC, Pepperell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emmanouil Magiorkinis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens-Goudi, Greece
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - George P Tegos
- Gliese 623b, Mendon, Massachusetts, USA
- GAMA Therapeutics LLC, Pepperell, Massachusetts, USA
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Paranjape SM, Mogayzel PJ. Cystic fibrosis in the era of precision medicine. Paediatr Respir Rev 2018; 25:64-72. [PMID: 28372929 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) has been transformed by the availability of drugs that target the basic chloride defect in the disease. The use of drugs that target specific molecular defects embodies the goals of precision medicine, which incorporate preventive and therapeutic strategies and takes into account differences among individuals. However, the entirety of CF care, from diagnosis to understanding the clinical phenotype and developing a therapeutic strategy, depends on taking into account individual characteristics to achieve optimal outcomes. Future therapies are likely to be even more individualized ushering in a new era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti M Paranjape
- Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Peter J Mogayzel
- Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Saiman L, Siegel JD, LiPuma JJ, Brown RF, Bryson EA, Chambers MJ, Downer VS, Fliege J, Hazle LA, Jain M, Marshall BC, O’Malley C, Pattee SR, Potter-Bynoe G, Reid S, Robinson KA, Sabadosa KA, Schmidt HJ, Tullis E, Webber J, Weber DJ. Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016; 35 Suppl 1:S1-S67. [DOI: 10.1086/676882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 2013 Infection Prevention and Control (IP&C) Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) was commissioned by the CF Foundation as an update of the 2003 Infection Control Guideline for CF. During the past decade, new knowledge and new challenges provided the following rationale to develop updated IP&C strategies for this unique population:1.The need to integrate relevant recommendations from evidence-based guidelines published since 2003 into IP&C practices for CF. These included guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and key professional societies, including the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). During the past decade, new evidence has led to a renewed emphasis on source containment of potential pathogens and the role played by the contaminated healthcare environment in the transmission of infectious agents. Furthermore, an increased understanding of the importance of the application of implementation science, monitoring adherence, and feedback principles has been shown to increase the effectiveness of IP&C guideline recommendations.2.Experience with emerging pathogens in the non-CF population has expanded our understanding of droplet transmission of respiratory pathogens and can inform IP&C strategies for CF. These pathogens include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the 2009 influenza A H1N1. Lessons learned about preventing transmission of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens in non-CF patient populations also can inform IP&C strategies for CF.
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Tedesco P, Visone M, Parrilli E, Tutino ML, Perrin E, Maida I, Fani R, Ballestriero F, Santos R, Pinilla C, Di Schiavi E, Tegos G, de Pascale D. Investigating the Role of the Host Multidrug Resistance Associated Protein Transporter Family in Burkholderia cepacia Complex Pathogenicity Using a Caenorhabditis elegans Infection Model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142883. [PMID: 26587842 PMCID: PMC4654563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between host efflux system of the non-vertebrate nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) strain virulence. This is the first comprehensive effort to profile host-transporters within the context of Bcc infection. With this aim, two different toxicity tests were performed: a slow killing assay that monitors mortality of the host by intestinal colonization and a fast killing assay that assesses production of toxins. A Virulence Ranking scheme was defined, that expressed the toxicity of the Bcc panel members, based on the percentage of surviving worms. According to this ranking the 18 Bcc strains were divided in 4 distinct groups. Only the Cystic Fibrosis isolated strains possessed profound nematode killing ability to accumulate in worms’ intestines. For the transporter analysis a complete set of isogenic nematode single Multidrug Resistance associated Protein (MRP) efflux mutants and a number of efflux inhibitors were interrogated in the host toxicity assays. The Bcc pathogenicity profile of the 7 isogenic C. elegans MRP knock-out strains functionality was classified in two distinct groups. Disabling host transporters enhanced nematode mortality more than 50% in 5 out of 7 mutants when compared to wild type. In particular mrp-2 was the most susceptible phenotype with increased mortality for 13 out 18 Bcc strains, whereas mrp-3 and mrp-4 knock-outs had lower mortality rates, suggesting a different role in toxin-substrate recognition. The use of MRP efflux inhibitors in the assays resulted in substantially increased (>40% on average) mortality of wild-type worms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Tedesco
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences and School of Biotechnological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Visone
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ermenegilda Parrilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and School of Biotechnological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Tutino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and School of Biotechnological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Perrin
- Laboratory of Microbial and Molecular Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Isabel Maida
- Laboratory of Microbial and Molecular Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Fani
- Laboratory of Microbial and Molecular Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Ballestriero
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Radleigh Santos
- Torrey Pines Institute of Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States of America, and San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Clemencia Pinilla
- Torrey Pines Institute of Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States of America, and San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Elia Di Schiavi
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - George Tegos
- Torrey Pines Institute of Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States of America, and San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DdP); (GT)
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (DdP); (GT)
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Subramoni S, Agnoli K, Eberl L, Lewenza S, Sokol PA. Role of Burkholderia cenocepacia afcE and afcF genes in determining lipid-metabolism-associated phenotypes. Microbiology (Reading) 2013; 159:603-614. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.064683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Subramoni
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsty Agnoli
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shawn Lewenza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pamela A. Sokol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial panicle blight of rice, which is an increasingly important disease problem in global rice production. Toxoflavin and lipase are known to be major virulence factors of this pathogen, and their production is dependent on the TofI/TofR quorum-sensing system, which is mediated by N-octanoyl homoserine lactone. Flagellar biogenesis and a type III secretion system are also required for full virulence of B. glumae. Bacterial panicle blight is thought to be caused by seed-borne B. glumae; however, its disease cycle is not fully understood. In spite of its economic importance, neither effective control measures for bacterial panicle blight nor rice varieties showing complete resistance to the disease are currently available. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying B. glumae virulence and of the rice defence mechanisms against the pathogen would lead to the development of better methods of disease control for bacterial panicle blight. TAXONOMY Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Betaproteobacteria; Burkholderiales; Burkholderiaceae; Burkholderia. MICROBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES Gram-negative, capsulated, motile, lophotrichous flagella, pectolytic. DISEASE SYMPTOMS Aborted seed, empty grains as a result of failure of grain filling, brown spots on panicles, seedling rot. DISEASE CONTROL Seed sterilization, planting partially resistant lines (no completely resistant line is available). KNOWN VIRULENCE FACTORS: Toxoflavin, lipase, type III effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Ham
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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Jackson RW, Johnson LJ, Clarke SR, Arnold DL. Bacterial pathogen evolution: breaking news. Trends Genet 2010; 27:32-40. [PMID: 21047697 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The immense social and economic impact of bacterial pathogens, from drug-resistant infections in hospitals to the devastation of agricultural resources, has resulted in major investment to understand the causes and consequences of pathogen evolution. Recent genome sequencing projects have provided insight into the evolution of bacterial genome structures; revealing the impact of mobile DNA on genome restructuring and pathogenicity. Sequencing of multiple genomes of related strains has enabled the delineation of pathogen evolution and facilitated the tracking of bacterial pathogens globally. Other recent theoretical and empirical studies have shown that pathogen evolution is significantly influenced by ecological factors, such as the distribution of hosts within the environment and the effects of co-infection. We suggest that the time is ripe for experimentalists to use genomics in conjunction with evolutionary ecology experiments to further understanding of how bacterial pathogens evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Jackson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AJ, UK.
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17
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The type 2 secretion Pseudopilin, gspJ, is required for multihost pathogenicity of Burkholderia cenocepacia AU1054. Infect Immun 2010; 78:4110-21. [PMID: 20660607 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00558-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia AU1054 is an opportunistic pathogen isolated from the blood of a person with cystic fibrosis. AU1054 is a multihost pathogen causing rapid pathogenicity to Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. Within 24 h, AU1054 causes greater than 50% mortality, reduced growth, emaciated body, distended intestinal lumen, rectal swelling, and prolific infection of the nematode intestine. To determine virulence mechanisms, 3,000 transposon mutants were screened for attenuated virulence in nematodes. Fourteen virulence-attenuated mutants were isolated, and the mutant genes were identified. These genes included paaA, previously identified as being required for full virulence of B. cenocepacia K56-2. Six mutants were restored in virulence by complementation with their respective wild-type gene. One of these contained an insertion in gspJ, predicted to encode a pseudopilin component of the type 2 secretion system (T2SS). Nematodes infected with AU1054 gspJ had fewer bacteria present in the intestine than those infected with the wild type but still showed rectal swelling. The gspJ mutant was also defective in pathogenicity to onion and in degradation of polygalacturonic acid and casein. This result differs from previous studies where no or little role was found for T2SS in Burkholderia virulence, although virulence factors such as zinc metalloproteases and polygalacturonase are known to be secreted by the T2SS. This study highlights strain specific differences in B. cenocepacia virulence mechanisms important for understanding what enables environmental microbes to function as opportunistic pathogens.
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18
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Abstract
Infection of the airways remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). This review describes salient features of the epidemiologies of microbial species that are involved in respiratory tract infection in CF. The apparently expanding spectrum of species causing infection in CF and recent changes in the incidences and prevalences of infection due to specific bacterial, fungal, and viral species are described. The challenges inherent in tracking and interpreting rates of infection in this patient population are discussed.
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Cooper VS, Carlson WA, LiPuma JJ. Susceptibility of Caenorhabditis elegans to Burkholderia infection depends on prior diet and secreted bacterial attractants. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7961. [PMID: 19956737 PMCID: PMC2776534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans may be killed by certain pathogenic bacteria and thus is a model organism for studying interactions between bacteria and animal hosts. However, growing nematodes on prey bacteria may influence their susceptibility to potential pathogens. A method of axenic nematode culture was developed to isolate and quantify interactions between C. elegans and potentially pathogenic strains of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Studying these dynamics in liquid solution rather than on agar surfaces minimized nematode avoidance behavior and resolved more differences among isolates. Most isolates of B. cenocepacia, B. ambifaria and B. cepacia caused 60–80% mortality of nematodes after 7 days, whereas isolates of B. multivorans caused less mortality (<25%) and supported nematode reproduction. However, some B. cenocepacia isolates recovered from chronic infections were much less virulent (5–28% mortality). As predicted, prior diet altered the outcome of interactions between nematodes and bacteria. When given the choice between Burkholderia and E. coli as prey on agar, axenically raised nematodes initially preferred most lethal Burkholderia isolates to E. coli as a food source, but this was not the case for nematodes fed E. coli, which avoided toxic Burkholderia. This food preference was associated with the cell-free supernatant and thus secreted compounds likely mediated bacterial-nematode interactions. This model, which isolates interactions between bacteria and nematodes from the effects of prior feeding, demonstrates that bacteria can influence nematode behavior and their susceptibility to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaughn S. Cooper
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Wendy A. Carlson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - John J. LiPuma
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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