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Kim EJ, Lim MC, Woo MA, Kim BS, Lim JA. Development of Stabilizing Solution for Long-Term Storage of Bacteriophages at Room Temperature and Application to Control Foodborne Pathogens. Viruses 2024; 16:1155. [PMID: 39066317 PMCID: PMC11281399 DOI: 10.3390/v16071155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) have gained considerable attention as effective antimicrobial agents that infect and kill pathogenic bacteria. Based on this feature, phages have been increasingly used to achieve food safety. They are stored in a medium or buffer to ensure stability; however, they cannot be directly applied to food under these conditions due to reasons such as regulatory considerations and concerns about marketability. This study developed a stabilizing solution that allowed the maintenance of phage activity for extended periods at room temperature while being directly applicable to food. The stability of phages stored in distilled water was relatively low. However, adding a stabilizer composed of sugars and salts improved the survival rates of phages significantly, resulting in stability for up to 48 weeks at room temperature. When Escherichia coli O157:H7-contaminated vegetables were washed with tap water containing phages, the phages reduced the pathogenic E. coli count by over 90% compared with washing with tap water alone. Additionally, when pathogenic E. coli-contaminated vegetables were placed in a phage-coated container and exposed to water, the coating of the container dissolved, releasing phages and lysing the pathogenic E. coli. This led to a significant 90% reduction in pathogenic E. coli contamination compared to that after water rinsing. These results suggest an effective and economical method for maintaining phage activity and establishing the potential for commercialization through application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eo-Jin Kim
- Food Safety and Distribution Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.K.); (M.-C.L.); (M.-A.W.)
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, ELTEC College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min-Cheol Lim
- Food Safety and Distribution Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.K.); (M.-C.L.); (M.-A.W.)
| | - Min-Ah Woo
- Food Safety and Distribution Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.K.); (M.-C.L.); (M.-A.W.)
| | - Byoung Sik Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, ELTEC College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong-A Lim
- Food Safety and Distribution Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.K.); (M.-C.L.); (M.-A.W.)
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Guo L, Zhao P, Jia Y, Wang Z, Chen M, Zhang H, Liu D, Zhang Y, Wang X, Rong M. Inactivation of airborne pathogenic microorganisms by plasma-activated nebulized mist. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132072. [PMID: 37480605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The airborne microorganisms in the aerosols are one main transmission way of pathogenic microorganisms and therefore inactivation of microorganisms in aerosols could effectively prevent the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to control epidemics. The mist nebulized by plasma-activated air could effectively inactivate bacteria and could be developed for the sterilization of microorganisms in aerosols. In this study, the plasma-activated nebulized mist (PANM) was applied for the inactivation of microorganisms in aerosols and efficiently inactivated the bacteria, yeast, and viruses in aerosols after 2-min treatment. The PANM treatment caused morphologic changes and damage to the bacteria cells in aerosols. The PANM could also inactivate the microorganisms attached to the surface of the treatment chamber and the bacteria attached to the skin of mice within 6-min treatment. The biosafety assays demonstrated that the PANM treatment exhibited no effects on the behavior, hematological and serum biochemical parameters of blood, and organs from the mice. This study would supply an efficient, broad-spectrum, and safe aerosol sterilization strategy based on plasma technology to prevent the transmission of airborne microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Pengyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Yikang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Mingzhe Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
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Wijesundara YH, Herbert FC, Kumari S, Howlett T, Koirala S, Trashi O, Trashi I, Al-Kharji NM, Gassensmith JJ. Rip it, stitch it, click it: A Chemist's guide to VLP manipulation. Virology 2022; 577:105-123. [PMID: 36343470 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are some of nature's most ubiquitous self-assembled molecular containers. Evolutionary pressures have created some incredibly robust, thermally, and enzymatically resistant carriers to transport delicate genetic information safely. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are human-engineered non-infectious systems that inherit the parent virus' ability to self-assemble under controlled conditions while being non-infectious. VLPs and plant-based viral nanoparticles are becoming increasingly popular in medicine as their self-assembly properties are exploitable for applications ranging from diagnostic tools to targeted drug delivery. Understanding the basic structure and principles underlying the assembly of higher-order structures has allowed researchers to disassemble (rip it), reassemble (stitch it), and functionalize (click it) these systems on demand. This review focuses on the current toolbox of strategies developed to manipulate these systems by ripping, stitching, and clicking to create new technologies in the biomedical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalini H Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Fabian C Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Thomas Howlett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Shailendra Koirala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Orikeda Trashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Ikeda Trashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Noora M Al-Kharji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
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4
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Vodolazkaya N, Nikolskaya M, Laguta A, Farafonov V, Balklava Z, Stich M, Mchedlov-Petrossyan N, Nerukh D. Estimation of Nanoparticle's Surface Electrostatic Potential in Solution Using Acid-Base Molecular Probes. III. Experimental Hydrophobicity/Hydrophilicity and Charge Distribution of MS2 Virus Surface. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:8166-8176. [PMID: 36198175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MS2 bacteriophage is often used as a model for evaluating pathogenic viruses' behavior in aqueous solution. However, the questions of the virus surface's hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, the charge distribution, and the binding mechanism are open. Using the dynamic light scattering method and laser Doppler electrophoresis, the hydrodynamic diameter and the ζ-potential of the virus particles were measured at their concentration of 5 × 1011 particles per mL and ionic strength 0.03 M. The values were found to be 30 nm and -29 or -34 mV (by Smoluchowski or Ohshima approximations), respectively. The MS2 bacteriophage surface was also investigated using a series of acid-base indicator dyes of various charge type, size, and structure. Their spectral and acid-base properties (pKa) are very sensitive to the microenvironment in aqueous solution, including containing nanoparticles. The electrostatic potential of the surface Ψ was estimated using the common formula: Ψ = 59 × (pKai - pKa) in mV at 25 °C. The Ψ values were -50 and +10 mV, respectively, which indicate the "mosaic" way of the charge distribution on the surface. These data are in good agreement with the obtained ζ-potential values and provide even more information about the virus surface. It was found that the surface of the MS2 virus is hydrophilic in solution in contrast to the commonly accepted hypothesis of the hydrophobicity of virus particles. No hydrophobic interactions between various molecular probes and the capsid were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Vodolazkaya
- Physical Chemistry Department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svoboda Square 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Marina Nikolskaya
- Physical Chemistry Department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svoboda Square 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Anna Laguta
- Physical Chemistry Department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svoboda Square 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Farafonov
- Physical Chemistry Department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svoboda Square 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | | | - Michael Stich
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles (Madrid), Spain
| | - Nikolay Mchedlov-Petrossyan
- Physical Chemistry Department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svoboda Square 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
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Effects of varying flux and transmembrane pressure conditions during ceramic ultrafiltration on the infectivity and retention of MS2 bacteriophages. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Florent P, Cauchie HM, Herold M, Jacquet S, Ogorzaly L. Soil pH, Calcium Content and Bacteria as Major Factors Responsible for the Distribution of the Known Fraction of the DNA Bacteriophage Populations in Soils of Luxembourg. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071458. [PMID: 35889177 PMCID: PMC9321959 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages participate in soil life by influencing bacterial community structure and function, biogeochemical cycling and horizontal gene transfer. Despite their great abundance, diversity, and importance in microbial processes, they remain little explored in environmental studies. The influence of abiotic factors on the persistence of bacteriophages is now recognized; however, it has been mainly studied under experimental conditions. This study aimed to determine whether the abiotic factors well-known to influence bacteriophage persistence also control the natural distribution of the known DNA bacteriophage populations. To this end, soil from eight study sites including forests and grasslands located in the Attert River basin (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg) were sampled, covering different soil and land cover characteristics. Shotgun metagenomics, reference-based bioinformatics and statistical analyses allowed characterising the diversity of known DNA bacteriophage and bacterial communities. After combining soil properties with the identified DNA bacteriophage populations, our in-situ study highlighted the influence of pH and calcium cations on the diversity of the known fraction of the soil DNA bacteriophages. More interestingly, significant relationships were established between bacteriophage and bacterial populations. This study provides new insights into the importance of abiotic and biotic factors in the distribution of DNA bacteriophages and the natural ecology of terrestrial bacteriophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Florent
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (P.F.); (H.-M.C.); (M.H.)
- Faculté des Sciences, de la Technologie et de la Communication (FSTC), Doctoral School in Science and Engineering (DSSE), University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Henry-Michel Cauchie
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (P.F.); (H.-M.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Malte Herold
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (P.F.); (H.-M.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Stéphan Jacquet
- INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, 74200 Thonon-les-Bains, France;
| | - Leslie Ogorzaly
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (P.F.); (H.-M.C.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +352-2758885-5069
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7
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Schwaller C, Fokkens K, Helmreich B, Drewes JE. CFD simulations of flow fields during ultrafiltration: Effects of hydrodynamic strain rates with and without a particle cake layer on the permeation of mobile genetic elements. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Tang A, Bi X, Li X, Li F, Liao X, Zou J, Sun W, Yuan B. The inactivation of bacteriophage MS2 by sodium hypochlorite in the presence of particles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129191. [PMID: 33310358 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The inactivation of bacteriophage MS2 by sodium hypochlorite was investigated to understand the effect of solution chemistry on the disinfection efficacy in the presence of particles. Kaolinite and Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) were used as the models of inorganic and organic particles to simulate high turbidity and algal cells, respectively, in drinking water sources. In both particle-containing solutions, lower pH, the presence of cations (di-valent Ca2+) and natural organic matters (NOM) were regarded as the main factors to influence the aggregation and inactivation of MS2. The results showed that MS2 aggregated in all solutions at pH 3.0, protecting the inner viruses. At pH 7.0, the presence of Na+ cations (0-200 mmol/L) did not affect the inactivation efficacy of MS2, which always followed the order of particles-free ≈ kaolinite > M. aeruginosa. The inactivation efficacy of MS2 in the presence of Ca2+ cations followed the order of kaolinite > particles-free > M. aeruginosa at 0-50 mmol/L Ca2+ cations, while the inactivation efficacy remained almost constant in the range of 100-200 mmol/L Ca2+ cations. By contrast, kaolinite offered not enough protection to adsorbed MS2, but MS2 aggregation decreased disinfection efficacy at a high concentration of Ca2+ cations. Moreover, the presence of humic acid as NOM decreased the inactivation of MS2 more significantly than M. aeruginosa due to the more consumption of free chlorine from humic acids. Therefore, the co-existence of NOM and di-valent Ca2+ cations are potential challenges for the inactivation of viruses by sodium hypochlorite in safe drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixi Tang
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Xiaochao Bi
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Liao
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Jing Zou
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Baoling Yuan
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China.
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Leisi R, Bieri J, Roth NJ, Ros C. Determination of parvovirus retention profiles in virus filter membranes using laser scanning microscopy. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Scoullos IM, Adhikari S, Lopez Vazquez CM, van de Vossenberg J, Brdjanovic D. Inactivation of indicator organisms on different surfaces after urban floods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135456. [PMID: 31837866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high frequency and intensity of urban floods caused by climate change, urbanisation and infrastructure failures increase public health risks when the flood water contaminated from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) or other sources of faecal contamination remains on urban surfaces. This study contributes to a better understanding of the effects of urban and recreational surfaces on the occurrence of waterborne pathogens. The inactivation of selected indicator organisms was studied under controlled exposure to artificial sunlight for 6 h followed by 18 h in dark conditions. Concrete, asphalt, pavement blocks and glass as control were inoculated with artificial floodwater containing, as indicator organisms, Escherichia coli bacteria, which are common faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) for water quality assessment, Bacillus subtilis spores chosen as surrogates for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia cysts, and bacteriophages MS2 as indicators for viral contamination. On practically all the surfaces in this study, E. coli had the highest inactivation under light conditions followed by MS2 and B. subtilis, except asphalt where MS2 was inactivated faster. The highest inactivation under light conditions was seen with E. coli on a concrete surface (pH 9.6) with an inactivation rate of 1.85 h-1. However, the pH of the surfaces (varying between 7.0 and 9.6) did not have any influence on inactivation rates under dark conditions. MS2 bacteriophage had the highest inactivation under light conditions on asphalt with a rate of 1.29 h-1. No die-off of B. subtilis spores was observed on any of the surfaces during the experiment, neither in light nor in dark conditions. This study underpins the need to use different indicator organisms to test their inactivation after flooding. It also suggests that given the sunlight conditions, concentration of indicator organisms and type of surface, the fate of waterborne pathogens after a flood could be estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Marios Scoullos
- Environmental Engineering & Water Technology Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, Delft 2601 DA, The Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Sabita Adhikari
- Environmental Engineering & Water Technology Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, Delft 2601 DA, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos M Lopez Vazquez
- Environmental Engineering & Water Technology Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, Delft 2601 DA, The Netherlands
| | - Jack van de Vossenberg
- Environmental Engineering & Water Technology Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, Delft 2601 DA, The Netherlands
| | - Damir Brdjanovic
- Environmental Engineering & Water Technology Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, Delft 2601 DA, The Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
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11
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Jończyk-Matysiak E, Łodej N, Kula D, Owczarek B, Orwat F, Międzybrodzki R, Neuberg J, Bagińska N, Weber-Dąbrowska B, Górski A. Factors determining phage stability/activity: challenges in practical phage application. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2019; 17:583-606. [PMID: 31322022 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2019.1646126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Phages consist of nucleic acids and proteins that may lose their activity under different physico-chemical conditions. The production process of phage formulations may decrease phage infectivity. Ingredients present in the preparation may influence phage particles, although preparation and storage conditions may also cause variations in phage titer. Significant factors are the manner of phage application, the patient's immune system status, the type of medication being taken, and diet. Areas covered: We discuss factors determining phage activity and stability, which is relevant for the preparation and application of phage formulations with the highest therapeutic efficacy. Our article should be helpful for more insightful implementation of clinical trials, which could pave the way for successful phage therapy. Expert opinion: The number of naturally occurring phages is practically unlimited and phages vary in their susceptibility to external factors. Modern methods offer engineering techniques which should lead to enhanced precision in phage delivery and anti-bacterial activity. Recent data suggesting that phages may also be used in treating nonbacterial infections as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents add further weight to such studies. It may be anticipated that different phage activities could have varying susceptibility to factors determining their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Norbert Łodej
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Dominika Kula
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Barbara Owczarek
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Filip Orwat
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Ryszard Międzybrodzki
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland.,b Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.,c Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Joanna Neuberg
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Natalia Bagińska
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Beata Weber-Dąbrowska
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland.,c Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Andrzej Górski
- a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland.,b Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.,c Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
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12
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Lee S, Yamashita N, Tanaka H. How Fiber Breakage Reduces Microorganism Removal in Ultrafiltration for Wastewater Reclamation. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2019; 11:167-177. [PMID: 30756312 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-019-09372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are increasingly being used for wastewater reclamation treatment for their high removal of pathogens and suspended solids. However, breakage of UF membrane fibers could allow leakage of pathogens into the permeate and create health risks in the use of reclaimed water. Here, we assessed the log10 reduction value (LRV) of human enteric viruses and microbial indicators of new and aged UF modules in a pilot-scale UF process to evaluate the influence of fiber breakage. Norovirus genotypes I and II, Aichi virus, and Escherichia coli were not detected in any permeate samples of intact UF modules, but were detected in samples of damaged UF modules. LRVs of all microorganisms assayed decreased as fiber breakage of new UF modules increased, with maximum decreases of > 3.3 log10. Fiber breakage in the aged UF modules did not decrease LRVs of somatic coliphages and MS2, but breakage in the new UF modules did decrease them. Intact new UF modules gave higher LRVs than intact aged UF modules. When the LRV of intact UF module was assumed to be 1 or 2 log10, increasing fiber breakage did not significantly decrease the predicted LRV, but when it was ≥ 3 log10, it did decrease LRV, in good agreement with measured LRVs in the degraded UF modules. These results suggest that the LRV of intact UF modules affects the decrease in LRV and confirm the leakage of human enteric viruses following fiber breakage in UF modules of different ages in the UF process of wastewater reclamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suntae Lee
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan.
- Innovative Materials and Resources Research Center, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8516, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Yamashita
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
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13
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Ruppelt JP, Tondera K, Schreiber C, Kistemann T, Pinnekamp J. Reduction of bacteria and somatic coliphages in constructed wetlands for the treatment of combined sewer overflow (retention soil filters). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2018; 221:727-733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Sanchis AG, Shahid M, Pashley R. Improved virus inactivation using a hot bubble column evaporator (HBCE). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 165:293-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Wu X, Feng Z, Yuan B, Zhou Z, Li F, Sun W. Effects of solution chemistry on the sunlight inactivation of particles-associated viruses MS2. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 162:179-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Lee S, Hata A, Yamashita N, Tanaka H. Evaluation of Virus Reduction by Ultrafiltration with Coagulation-Sedimentation in Water Reclamation. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2017; 9:453-463. [PMID: 28455611 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-017-9301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of virus reduction in water reclamation processes is essential for proper assessment and management of the risk of infection by enteric viruses. Ultrafiltration (UF) with coagulation-sedimentation (CS) is potentially effective for efficient virus removal. However, its performance at removing indigenous viruses has not been evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the reduction of indigenous viruses by UF with and without CS in a pilot-scale water reclamation plant in Okinawa, Japan, by measuring the concentration of viruses using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Aichi virus (AiV) and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were targeted in addition to the main enteric viruses of concern for risk management, namely, norovirus (NoV) genogroups I and II (GI and GII) and rotavirus (RoV). PMMoV, which is a plant pathogenic virus and is present at high concentrations in water contaminated by human feces, has been suggested as a useful viral indicator. We also investigated the reduction of a spiked model virus (F-specific RNA bacteriophage MS2) to measure the effect of viral inactivation by both qPCR and plaque assay. Efficiencies of removal of NoV GI, NoV GII, RoV, and AiV by UF with and without CS were >0.5 to 3.7 log10, although concentrations were below the detection limit in permeate water. PMMoV was the most prevalent virus in both feed and permeate water following UF, but CS pretreatment could not significantly improve its removal efficiency (mean removal efficiency: UF, 3.1 log10; CS + UF, 3.4 log10; t test, P > 0.05). CS increased the mean removal efficiency of spiked MS2 by only 0.3 log10 by qPCR (t-test, P > 0.05), but by 2.8 log10 by plaque assay (t-test, P < 0.01). This difference indicates that the virus was inactivated during CS + UF. Our results suggest that PMMoV could be used as an indicator of removal efficiency in water reclamation processes, but cultural assay is essential to understanding viral fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suntae Lee
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Hata
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamashita
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
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17
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Holman D, Lungren MP, Hardy J, Contag C, Blankenberg F. Preparation of Tc99m-Labeled Pseudomonas Bacteriophage without Adversely Impacting Infectivity or Biodistribution. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2698-2706. [PMID: 29020448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are ubiquitous viruses which have adapted to infect and replicate within target bacteria, their only known hosts, in a strain specific fashion with minimal cross infectivity. The recent steep rise in antibiotic resistance throughout the world has renewed interest in adapting phages for the imaging and treatment of bacterial infection in humans. In this article, we describe the current limitations surrounding the radiolabeling of phage for the imaging and treatment of bacterial infection and methods to overcome these difficulties. Specifically, we examined the effects of hydrazinonicotinamide conjugation and removal of bacterial DNA on the infectivity, biodistribution, and radionuclide imaging of a phage lytic for a clinically relevant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common Gram-negative bacterial pathogen often resistant to multiple antibiotics. We found that all but the briefest reaction of concentrated phage with hydrazinonicotinamide (≤3 min) resulted in nearly complete loss of infectivity. Furthermore, we determined that digestion and removal of bacterial DNA was needed to avoid high nonspecific uptake of hydrazinonicotinamide-labeled phage within the liver and spleen as well as prolonged circulation in the blood. We also demonstrate the surprisingly wide soft tissue and organ biodistribution and rapid pharmacokinetics of 99mTc-hydrazinonicotinamide-labeled phage in normal mice as well as its imaging characteristics and efficacy in wounded mice infected with bioluminescent Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the preservation of phage infectivity and removal of all bacterial containments including DNA are critical methodologic considerations in the labeling of phages for imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Holman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew P Lungren
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jonathan Hardy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine , E150 Clark Center MC 5427, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chris Contag
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital , Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine , E150 Clark Center MC 5427, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Francis Blankenberg
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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18
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Szermer-Olearnik B, Drab M, Mąkosa M, Zembala M, Barbasz J, Dąbrowska K, Boratyński J. Aggregation/dispersion transitions of T4 phage triggered by environmental ion availability. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:32. [PMID: 28438164 PMCID: PMC5404661 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteriophage survives in at least two extremes of ionic environments: bacterial host (high ionic-cytosol) and that of soil (low ionic-environmental water). The impact of ionic composition in the micro- and macro-environments has not so far been addressed in phage biology. Results Here, we discovered a novel mechanism of aggregation/disaggregation transitions by phage virions. When normal sodium levels in phage media (150 mM) were lowered to 10 mM, advanced imaging by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering all revealed formation of viral packages, each containing 20–100 virions. When ionic strength was returned from low to high, the aggregated state of phage reversed to a dispersed state, and the change in ionic strength did not substantially affect infectivity of the phage. By providing the direct evidence, that lowering of the sodium ion below the threshold of 20 mM causes rapid aggregation of phage while returning Na+ concentration to the values above this threshold causes dispersion of phage, we identified a biophysical mechanism of phage aggregation. Conclusions Our results implicate operation of group behavior in phage and suggest a new kind of quorum sensing among its virions that is mediated by ions. Loss of ionic strength may act as a trigger in an evolutionary mechanism to improve the survival of bacteriophage by stimulating aggregation of phage when outside a bacterial host. Reversal of phage aggregation is also a promising breakthrough in biotechnological applications, since we demonstrated here the ability to retain viable virion aggregates on standard micro-filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Szermer-Olearnik
- Laboratory of Biomedical Chemistry-"Neolek". Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Drab
- USI, Unit of Nanostructural Bio-Interactions, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Mąkosa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Chemistry-"Neolek". Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Zembala
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jakub Barbasz
- Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Cracow, Poland
| | - Krystyna Dąbrowska
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janusz Boratyński
- Laboratory of Biomedical Chemistry-"Neolek". Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland. .,Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Długosz University, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
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19
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Low temperature MS2 (ATCC15597-B1) virus inactivation using a hot bubble column evaporator (HBCE). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 151:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Bodier-Montagutelli E, Morello E, L’Hostis G, Guillon A, Dalloneau E, Respaud R, Pallaoro N, Blois H, Vecellio L, Gabard J, Heuzé-Vourc’h N. Inhaled phage therapy: a promising and challenging approach to treat bacterial respiratory infections. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:959-972. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1252329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Bodier-Montagutelli
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Pharmacie, Tours, France
| | - Eric Morello
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
| | | | - Antoine Guillon
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Tours, France
| | - Emilie Dalloneau
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
| | - Renaud Respaud
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Pharmacie, Tours, France
| | - Nikita Pallaoro
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
| | - Hélène Blois
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Pharmacie, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Vecellio
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- DTF-Aerodrug, St Etienne, France
| | | | - Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc’h
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- INSERM, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100, Tours, France
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21
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Feng Z, Lu R, Yuan B, Zhou Z, Wu Q, Nguyen TH. Influence of solution chemistry on the inactivation of particle-associated viruses by UV irradiation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:622-628. [PMID: 27694052 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
MS2 inactivation by UV irradiance was investigated with the focus on how the disinfection efficacy is influenced by bacteriophage MS2 aggregation and adsorption to particles in solutions with different compositions. Kaolinite and Microcystis aeruginosa were used as model inorganic and organic particles, respectively. In the absence of model particles, MS2 aggregates formed in either 1mM NaCl at pH=3 or 50-200mM ionic strength CaCl2 solutions at pH=7 led to a decrease in the MS2 inactivation efficacy because the virions located inside the aggregate were protected from the UV irradiation. In the presence of kaolinite and Microcystis aeruginosa, MS2 adsorbed onto the particles in either 1mM NaCl at pH=3 or 50-200mM CaCl2 solutions at pH=7. In contrast to MS2 aggregates formed without the presence of particles, more MS2 virions adsorbed on these particles were exposed to UV irradiation to allow an increase in MS2 inactivation. In either 1mM NaCl at pH from 4 to 8 or 2-200mM NaCl solutions at pH=7, the absence of MS2 aggregation and adsorption onto the model particles explained why MS2 inactivation was not influenced by pH, ionic strength, and the presence of model particles in these conditions. The influence of virus adsorption and aggregation on the UV disinfection efficiency found in this research suggests the necessity of accounting for particles and cation composition in virus inactivation for drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Feng
- Institute of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Ruiqing Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Baoling Yuan
- Institute of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China.
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- Institute of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Institute of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Thanh H Nguyen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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22
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Cormier J, Janes M. Concentration and detection of hepatitis A virus and its indicator from artificial seawater using zeolite. J Virol Methods 2016; 235:1-8. [PMID: 27150045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is the leading worldwide cause of acute viral hepatitis, and outbreaks caused by this virus often occur in fecal polluted waters. Rapid concentration and detection of viral contamination in water environments can prevent economic loss and can identify the source of contamination within a short time. However, conventional methods for virus concentration are often laborious, time consuming, and subject to clogging. Furthermore, most methods require a secondary concentration step to reduce the final volume of samples. We developed a method to concentrate HAV from seawater using zeolite in aid of rapid detection. In this method,artificial seawater was inoculated with HAV (7-8 log TCID50) and filtered with zeolite. The viruses were then eluted from zeolite with sodium dodecyl sulfate and detected via real-time PCR (qPCR). Zeolite was able to concentrate HAV from artificial seawater with ∼99% efficiency in less than 5min and was more efficient in seawater than in fresh water. The entire concentration and detection can be done in approximately 2h. Compared to existing methods, this method eliminated the need for a secondary concentration step as well as the necessity to modify the pH or salinity of the seawater during concentration, and was simple and inexpensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Cormier
- Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Marlene Janes
- Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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23
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Polyelectrolyte multilayers as anti-adhesive membrane coatings for virus concentration and recovery. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Unnithan VV, Unc A, Smith GB. Role of Nannochloropsis salina for the recovery and persistence of MS2 virus in wastewater. ALGAL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Concentration of enteric virus indicator from seawater using granular activated carbon. J Virol Methods 2014; 196:212-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Cormier J, Janes M. A double layer plaque assay using spread plate technique for enumeration of bacteriophage MS2. J Virol Methods 2014; 196:86-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Hoe S, Semler DD, Goudie AD, Lynch KH, Matinkhoo S, Finlay WH, Dennis JJ, Vehring R. Respirable Bacteriophages for the Treatment of Bacterial Lung Infections. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2013; 26:317-35. [DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2012.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Diana D. Semler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Amanda D. Goudie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Karlene H. Lynch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Sadaf Matinkhoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Warren H. Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Jonathan J. Dennis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
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28
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Hu P, Ji W. Investigation of inhibition phenomenon on Cu (0 0 1) surface by computer simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/1433075x12y.0000000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Hu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - W Ji
- School of Economics and Management, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
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29
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Farsund Ø, Rustad G, Skogan G. Standoff detection of biological agents using laser induced fluorescence-a comparison of 294 nm and 355 nm excitation wavelengths. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 3:2964-2975. [PMID: 23162732 PMCID: PMC3493216 DOI: 10.1364/boe.3.002964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Standoff detection measuring the fluorescence spectra of seven different biological agents excited by 294 nm as well as 355 nm wavelength laser pulses has been undertaken. The biological warfare agent simulants were released in a semi-closed aerosol chamber at 210 m standoff distance and excited by light at either of the two wavelengths using the same instrument. Significant differences in several of the agents' fluorescence response were seen at the two wavelengths. The anthrax simulants' fluorescence responses were almost an order of magnitude stronger at the shorter wavelength excitation. However, most importantly, the fluorescence spectra were significantly more dissimilar at 294 nm than at 355 nm excitation with ~7 nm spectral resolution. This indicates that classification of the substances should be possible with a lower error rate for standoff detection using 294 nm rather than 355 nm excitation wavelength, or even better, utilizing both.
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30
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