1
|
Taxonomy, phylogeny, molecular dating and ancestral state reconstruction of Xylariomycetidae (Sordariomycetes). FUNGAL DIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
2
|
Li X, Huang S, McBride MB. Rhizosphere effect on Pb solubility and phytoavailability in Pb-Contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115840. [PMID: 33120158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effect of plant roots in modifying Pb solubility and bioavailability in an historically contaminated orchard (Hudson) and a Pb phosphate-spiked (Arkport) soil was determined by measuring soluble Pb in the soil solutions as well as content of Pb in radish shoots grown in these soils. Soluble Pb and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents were greater in the rhizospheres of both Pb-contaminated soils than in the unplanted high-Pb soils. The rhizosphere effect increased soluble Pb 15-fold in the field-contaminated orchard soil, whereas the effect was much smaller in the Pb phosphate-spiked soil. The rhizosphere effect persisted in the Pb-phosphate spiked soil after adjustment of the soil pH from 7.8 to 6.7. The results indicate that Pb phosphate added to a non-acid soil has lower solubility than Pb in an orchard soil contaminated by historical Pb arsenate applications; nevertheless, some uptake of Pb into plant shoots resulted from both sources of soil Pb contamination. The rhizosphere effect was observed for trace metals in addition to Pb, with the solubility of Al, Fe, Cu and Ni all increasing in the rhizosphere soil. In contrast, the solubility of alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba) all decreased in the rhizosphere soil. The results indicate that the rhizosphere effect associated with plant roots can raise the solubility of Pb in soils contaminated by legacy Pb and by insoluble Pb phosphate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Samantha Huang
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - M B McBride
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kanstrup N, Fox AD, Balsby TJS. Toxic lead gunshot persists accessible to waterbirds after a 33-year ban on their use. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136876. [PMID: 32018993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Use of lead shot for hunting was banned under legislation on 26 Ramsar sites in Denmark from 1986, based on evidence of poisoning in waterbirds ingesting lead shot and high lead shot pellet densities in Danish wetland sediments caused by intensive hunting. To assess the fate of lead shot from hunting prior to 1986 and the degree to which such shot remains available to waterbirds, this study replicated the survey of shot pellet densities in substrates in Ringkøbing Fjord undertaken in the late 1970s. 287 shotgun pellets (282 lead, five steel) were recovered from 123 sediment samples at four locations, equivalent to a mean of 127 pellets m-2 in the top 20 cm of the sediment at the four locations, in certain hot spots equating to >250 kg lead ha-1, broadly similar to densities found in the 1970s. Possible explanations were given for the persistence of such high lead shot densities despite >30 years of regulation, during which time steel shot has been widely used as the alternative to lead. Field experiments showed that steel shot corroded in the marine environment, which likely contributes to lower steel shot densities found in this study. It is concluded that lead gunshot pellet dispersal and accumulation in natural ecosystems remains as a persistent and irreversible hazard to wildlife and ecosystems. Based on these Danish experiences, it is urgently recommended that international and national bodies in countries where hunting with lead shot continues recognise these results and act to prevent the accumulation of this toxic metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Kanstrup
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Grenåvej 14, DK-8410 Rønde.
| | - Anthony D Fox
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Grenåvej 14, DK-8410 Rønde
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lewis RW, Okubara PA, Fuerst EP, He R, Gang D, Sullivan TS. Chronic Sublethal Aluminum Exposure and Avena fatua Caryopsis Colonization Influence Gene Expression of Fusarium avenaceum F.a.1. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:51. [PMID: 32117103 PMCID: PMC7010643 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium avenaceum F.a.1 is a novel strain of a fungal plant pathogen capable of preferentially decaying wild oat (Avena fatua) caryopses compared with those of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing weed seed-pathogen interactions is crucial to developing novel weed seed suppression technologies. Additionally, wild oat often competes with wheat in regions undergoing soil acidification, which leads to increases in soluble concentrations of many metals, including aluminum (Al). There is a dearth of information regarding the gene expression responses of Fusarium species to Al toxicity, or how metal toxicity might influence caryopsis colonization. To address this, a transcriptomic approach was used to investigate molecular responses of F.a.1 during wild oat caryopsis colonization in the presence and absence of chronic, sublethal concentrations of Al (400 μM). Caryopsis colonization was associated with induction of genes related to virulence, development, iron metabolism, oxidoreduction, stress, and detoxification, along with repression of genes associated with development, transport, cell-wall turnover, and virulence. Caryopsis colonization during Al exposure resulted in the induction of genes associated with virulence, detoxification, stress, iron metabolism, oxidoreduction, and cell wall turnover, along with repression of genes associated with cell wall metabolism, virulence, development, detoxification, stress, and transcriptional regulation. Aluminum exposure in the absence of caryopses was associated with induction of genes involved in siderophore biosynthesis, secretion, uptake, and utilization, along with several other iron metabolism-related and organic acid metabolism-related genes. The siderophore-related responses associated with Al toxicity occurred concurrently with differential regulation of genes indicating disruption of iron homeostasis. These findings suggest Al toxicity is attenuated by siderophore metabolism in F.a.1. In summary, both caryopsis colonization and Al toxicity uniquely influence transcriptomic responses of F.a.1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricky W Lewis
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Patricia A Okubara
- Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - E Patrick Fuerst
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Ruifeng He
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - David Gang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Tarah S Sullivan
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McBride MB, Kelch S, Schmidt M, Zhou Y, Aristilde L, Martinez CE. Lead Solubility and Mineral Structures of Coprecipitated Lead/Calcium Oxalates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:13794-13801. [PMID: 31682103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight organic acids such as oxalate, which are ubiquitous in the environment, can control the solubility and bioavailability of toxic metals such as Pb in soils and water by influencing complexation and precipitation reactions. Here, we investigated Pb solubility in relation to Pb-oxalate precipitation at pH 5.0 in the absence and presence of calcium (Ca), a common cation in environmental matrices. At Pb mole fractions less than 0.10, sequestration of Pb into Ca oxalate to form a solid solution substantially lowered Pb solubility relative to that of pure Pb oxalate to an extent inversely proportional to the Pb mole fraction. Small Pb/Ca solid-solution distribution coefficients at these low mole ratios was largely attributed to the stronger complexation of Pb compared to Ca with oxalate to form soluble metal-oxalate complexes, which in turn limited Pb incorporation into the Ca-oxalate crystal lattice. Characterization of the Pb/Ca-oxalate coprecipitates by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the whewellite (Ca-oxalate monohydrate) structure was destabilized by substitution of small amounts of Pb into the lattice, and thus, the formation of the Ca-oxalate dihydrate (weddellite) was favored over the monohydrate. At Pb mole fractions above 0.20, discrete crystallites of Pb oxalate were identified. These new findings imply that Pb/Ca-oxalate coprecipitates in the presence of Ca could reduce the solubility of Pb in Pb-contaminated acid soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuting Zhou
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Ludmilla Aristilde
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kanstrup N, Balsby TJS. Ingested shot in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) after the regulation of lead shot for hunting in Denmark. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-019-1278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
Kang X, Csetenyi L, Gadd GM. Biotransformation of lanthanum by Aspergillus niger. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:981-993. [PMID: 30443797 PMCID: PMC6373195 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanum is an important rare earth element and has many applications in modern electronics and catalyst manufacturing. However, there exist several obstacles in the recovery and cycling of this element due to a low average grade in exploitable deposits and low recovery rates by energy-intensive extraction procedures. In this work, a novel method to transform and recover La has been proposed using the geoactive properties of Aspergillus niger. La-containing crystals were formed and collected after A. niger was grown on Czapek-Dox agar medium amended with LaCl3. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) showed the crystals contained C, O, and La; scanning electron microscopy revealed that the crystals were of a tabular structure with terraced surfaces. X-ray diffraction identified the mineral phase of the sample as La2(C2O4)3·10H2O. Thermogravimetric analysis transformed the oxalate crystals into La2O3 with the kinetics of thermal decomposition corresponding well with theoretical calculations. Geochemical modelling further confirmed that the crystals were lanthanum decahydrate and identified optimal conditions for their precipitation. To quantify crystal production, biomass-free fungal culture supernatants were used to precipitate La. The results showed that the precipitated lanthanum decahydrate achieved optimal yields when the concentration of La was above 15 mM and that 100% La was removed from the system at 5 mM La. Our findings provide a new aspect in the biotransformation and biorecovery of rare earth elements from solution using biomass-free fungal culture systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Kang
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Laszlo Csetenyi
- Concrete Technology Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 5EH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ye B, Luo Y, He J, Sun L, Long B, Liu Q, Yuan X, Dai P, Shi J. Investigation of lead bioimmobilization and transformation by Penicillium oxalicum SL2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 264:206-210. [PMID: 29803812 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fungi Penicillium oxalicum SL2 was applied for Pb2+ bioremediation in aqueous solution in this study. After 7 days of incubation at different initial concentrations of Pb2+ (0, 100, 500 and 2500 mg L-1), most of Pb2+ were removed (90, 98.3, and 86.2%), the maximum Pb content in mycelium reached about 155.6 mg g-1 dw. Meanwhile, the formation of extracellular secondary minerals and intracellular Pb-complex were observed and identified, the speciation of Pb in mycelium was also detected by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, i.e., Pb-oxalate, Pb-citrate, Pb-hydrogen phosphate and Pb-glutathione analogues. In addition, content of glutathione and oxidized glutathione was increased under the exposure of Pb2+, which implied that glutathione might play a key role in Pb immobilization and detoxification in P. oxalicum SL2. This study elucidated partial mechanisms of Pb immobilization and speciation transformation of this strain, providing an alternative biomaterial in the bioremediation of Pb-contaminated wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binhui Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yating Luo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junyu He
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Institute of ECO-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Bibo Long
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qinglin Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yuan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Peibin Dai
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Haq IU, Zwahlen RD, Yang P, van Elsas JD. The Response of Paraburkholderia terrae Strains to Two Soil Fungi and the Potential Role of Oxalate. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:989. [PMID: 29896162 PMCID: PMC5986945 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal-associated Paraburkholderia terrae strains in soil have been extensively studied, but their sensing strategies to locate fungi in soil have remained largely elusive. In this study, we investigated the behavior of five mycosphere-isolated P. terrae strains [including the type-3 secretion system negative mutant BS001-ΔsctD and the type strain DSM 17804T] with respect to their fungal-sensing strategies. The putative role of oxalic acid as a signaling molecule in the chemotaxis toward soil fungi, as well as a potential carbon source, was assessed. First, all P. terrae strains, including the type strain, were found to sense, and show a chemotactic response toward, the different levels of oxalic acid (0.1, 0.5, and 0.8%) applied at a distance. The chemotactic responses were faster and stronger at lower concentrations (0.1%) than at higher ones. We then tested the chemotactic responses of all strains toward exudates of the soil fungi Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten and Trichoderma asperellum 302 used in different dilutions (undiluted, 1:10, 1:100 diluted) versus the control. All P. terrae strains showed significant directed chemotactic behavior toward the exudate source, with full-strength exudates inciting the strongest responses. In a separate experiment, strain BS001 was shown to be able to grow on oxalate-amended (0.1 and 0.5%) mineral medium M9. Chemical analyses of the fungal secretomes using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), next to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), indeed revealed the presence of oxalic acid (next to glycerol, acetic acid, formic acid, and fumaric acid) in the supernatants of both fungi. In addition, citric acid was found in the Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten exudates. Given the fact that, next to oxalic acid, the other compounds can also serve as C and energy sources for P. terrae, the two fungi clearly offer ecological benefits to this bacterium. The oxalic acid released by the two fungi may have primarily acted as a signaling molecule, and, as a "second option," a carbon source for P. terrae strains like BS001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ul Haq
- Microbial Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Reto Daniel Zwahlen
- Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Pu Yang
- Microbial Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Dirk van Elsas
- Microbial Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rudnick MB, van Veen JA, de Boer W. Oxalic acid: a signal molecule for fungus-feeding bacteria of the genus Collimonas? ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2015; 7:709-14. [PMID: 25858310 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mycophagous (=fungus feeding) soil bacteria of the genus Collimonas have been shown to colonize and grow on hyphae of different fungal hosts as the only source of energy and carbon. The ability to exploit fungal nutrient resources might require a strategy for collimonads to sense fungi in the soil matrix. Oxalic acid is ubiquitously secreted by soil fungi, serving different purposes. In this study, we investigated the possibility that collimonads might use oxalic acid secretion to localize a fungal host and move towards it. We first confirmed earlier indications that collimonads have a very limited ability to use oxalic acid as growth substrate. In a second step, with using different assays, we show that oxalic acid triggers bacterial movement in such a way that accumulation of cells can be expected at micro-sites with high free oxalic acid concentrations. Based on these observations we propose that oxalic acid functions as a signal molecule to guide collimonads to hyphal tips, the mycelial zones that are most sensitive for mycophagous bacterial attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M B Rudnick
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
- Department of Plant Health, Institute for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Theodor Echtermeyer Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - J A van Veen
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - W de Boer
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
- Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Henry H, Naujokas MF, Attanayake C, Basta NT, Cheng Z, Hettiarachchi GM, Maddaloni M, Schadt C, Scheckel KG. Bioavailability-Based In Situ Remediation To Meet Future Lead (Pb) Standards in Urban Soils and Gardens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:8948-58. [PMID: 26140328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lowered the blood Pb reference value to 5 μg/dL. The lower reference value combined with increased repurposing of postindustrial lands are heightening concerns and driving interest in reducing soil Pb exposures. As a result, regulatory decision makers may lower residential soil screening levels (SSLs), used in setting Pb cleanup levels, to levels that may be difficult to achieve, especially in urban areas. This paper discusses challenges in remediation and bioavailability assessments of Pb in urban soils in the context of lower SSLs and identifies research needs to better address those challenges. Although in situ remediation with phosphate amendments is a viable option, the scope of the problem and conditions in urban settings may necessitate that SSLs be based on bioavailable rather than total Pb concentrations. However, variability in soil composition can influence bioavailability testing and soil amendment effectiveness. More data are urgently needed to better understand this variability and increase confidence in using these approaches in risk-based decision making, particularly in urban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Henry
- €Hazardous Substances Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Marisa F Naujokas
- †MDB, Inc., 2525 Meridian Parkway, Suite 50, Durham, North Carolina 27713, United States
| | - Chammi Attanayake
- ¶Department of Soil Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Nicholas T Basta
- ‡The Ohio State University, School of Environment and Natural Resources, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zhongqi Cheng
- §Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Ganga M Hettiarachchi
- ∥Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Mark Maddaloni
- ⊥United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 2, New York, New York 10007, United States
| | - Christopher Schadt
- ∇Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kirk G Scheckel
- ●United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fungal Bioweathering of Mimetite and a General Geomycological Model for Lead Apatite Mineral Biotransformations. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:4955-64. [PMID: 25979898 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00726-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi play important roles in biogeochemical processes such as organic matter decomposition, bioweathering of minerals and rocks, and metal transformations and therefore influence elemental cycles for essential and potentially toxic elements, e.g., P, S, Pb, and As. Arsenic is a potentially toxic metalloid for most organisms and naturally occurs in trace quantities in soil, rocks, water, air, and living organisms. Among more than 300 arsenic minerals occurring in nature, mimetite [Pb5(AsO4)3Cl] is the most stable lead arsenate and holds considerable promise in metal stabilization for in situ and ex situ sequestration and remediation through precipitation, as do other insoluble lead apatites, such as pyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3Cl] and vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl]. Despite the insolubility of mimetite, the organic acid-producing soil fungus Aspergillus niger was able to solubilize mimetite with simultaneous precipitation of lead oxalate as a new mycogenic biomineral. Since fungal biotransformation of both pyromorphite and vanadinite has been previously documented, a new biogeochemical model for the biogenic transformation of lead apatites (mimetite, pyromorphite, and vanadinite) by fungi is hypothesized in this study by application of geochemical modeling together with experimental data. The models closely agreed with experimental data and provided accurate simulation of As and Pb complexation and biomineral formation dependent on, e.g., pH, cation-anion composition, and concentration. A general pattern for fungal biotransformation of lead apatite minerals is proposed, proving new understanding of ecological implications of the biogeochemical cycling of component elements as well as industrial applications in metal stabilization, bioremediation, and biorecovery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Wlizło K, Szałapata K, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Correlation between the production of exopolysaccharides and oxalic acid secretion by Ganoderma applanatum and Tyromyces palustris. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:3065-74. [PMID: 25178492 PMCID: PMC4210633 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The secretion of exopolysaccharides and oxalic acid in cultures of a white rot Ganoderma applanatum strain and a brown rot Tyromyces palustris strain were tested in terms of culture time, pH range, and temperature. The high yield of exopolysaccharides (EPS) required a moderate temperature of 28 °C for G. applanatum and 20 °C for T. palustris. G. applanatum and T. palustris accumulated more EPS when the concentration of the carbon source (maltose for G. applanatum and fructose for T. palustris) was 30 g/L. The results indicate that the production of oxalic acid by G. applanatum is correlated with the initial pH value of the culture medium and the concentration of oxalic acid increased to 1.66 ± 0.2 mM at the initial pH of 6.5 during the fungal growth. During the growth of T. palustris, the reduction of the initial pH value of the growing medium lowered the oxalic acid concentration from 7.7 ± 0.6 mM at pH 6.0 to 1.99 ± 0.2 mM at pH 3.5. T. palustris accumulated considerably more oxalic acid than G. applanatum and its presence did not affect significantly the production of exopolysaccharides. We also observed that the maximum amounts of exopolysaccharides secreted during cultivation of G. applanatum and T. palustris were 45.8 ± 1.2 and 19.1 ± 1.2 g/L, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka Street 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ceci A, Rhee YJ, Kierans M, Hillier S, Pendlowski H, Gray N, Persiani AM, Gadd GM. Transformation of vanadinite [Pb5 (VO4 )3 Cl] by fungi. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:2018-34. [PMID: 25181352 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Saprotrophic fungi were investigated for their bioweathering effects on the vanadium- and lead-containing insoluble apatite group mineral, vanadinite [Pb5 (VO4 )3 Cl]. Despite the insolubility of vanadinite, fungi exerted both biochemical and biophysical effects on the mineral including etching, penetration and formation of new biominerals. Lead oxalate was precipitated by Aspergillus niger during bioleaching of natural and synthetic vanadinite. Some calcium oxalate monohydrate (whewellite) was formed with natural vanadinite because of the presence of associated ankerite [Ca(Fe(2+) ,Mg)(CO3 )2 ]. Aspergillus niger also precipitated lead oxalate during growth in the presence of lead carbonate, vanadium(V) oxide and ammonium metavanadate, while abiotic tests confirmed the efficacy of oxalic acid in solubilizing vanadinite and precipitating lead as oxalate. Geochemical modelling confirmed the complexity of vanadium speciation, and the significant effect of oxalate. Oxalate-vanadium complexes markedly reduced the vanadinite stability field, with cationic lead(II) and lead oxalate also occurring. In all treatments and geochemical simulations, no other lead vanadate, or vanadium minerals were detected. This research highlights the importance of oxalate in vanadinite bioweathering and suggests a general fungal transformation of lead-containing apatite group minerals (e.g. vanadinite, pyromorphite, mimetite) by this mechanism. The findings are also relevant to remedial treatments for lead/vanadium contamination, and novel approaches for vanadium recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ceci
- Geomicrobiology Group, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.,Laboratorio Biodiversità dei Funghi, Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Young Joon Rhee
- Geomicrobiology Group, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Martin Kierans
- Electron Microscopy, Central Imaging Facility, Centre for Advanced Scientific Technologies, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Stephen Hillier
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK.,Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helen Pendlowski
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Nia Gray
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Anna Maria Persiani
- Laboratorio Biodiversità dei Funghi, Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.,Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rhee YJ, Hillier S, Pendlowski H, Gadd GM. Fungal transformation of metallic lead to pyromorphite in liquid medium. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 113:17-21. [PMID: 25065784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Many approaches have been proposed to reduce the toxicity of hazardous substances such as lead in the environment. Several techniques using microorganisms rely on metal removal from solution by non-specific biosorption. However, immobilization of metals through formation of biominerals mediated by metabolic processes offers another solution but which has been given limited attention. In this work, we have investigated lead biomineralization by Paecilomyces javanicus, a fungus isolated from a lead-contaminated soil, in a liquid medium. P. javanicus was able to grow in the presence of metallic lead, supplied as lead shot, and secondary lead minerals were deposited on the lead surfaces as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray powder diffraction revealed that pyromorphite was formed in the presence of the fungus, but not in abiotic controls. Our results clearly demonstrate that fungal activities can play an important role in lead biocorrosion and biomineralization in an aqueous environment. These findings are relevant to bioremediation approaches for liquid wastes contaminated with lead, or other metals, and also to the immobilization and biorecovery of rare or valuable elements. They also provide further understanding of microbial roles in environmental lead cycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Rhee
- Geomicrobiology Group, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Stephen Hillier
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK; Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helen Pendlowski
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK; Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rhee YJ, Hillier S, Pendlowski H, Gadd GM. Pyromorphite formation in a fungal biofilm community growing on lead metal. Environ Microbiol 2014; 16:1441-51. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Rhee
- Geomicrobiology Group; College of Life Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee Scotland UK
| | - Stephen Hillier
- Department of Environmental and Biochemical Sciences; The James Hutton Institute; Aberdeen Scotland UK
- Department of Soil and Environment; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Helen Pendlowski
- Department of Environmental and Biochemical Sciences; The James Hutton Institute; Aberdeen Scotland UK
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group; College of Life Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee Scotland UK
| |
Collapse
|