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Dahiya D, Koitto T, Kutvonen K, Wang Y, Haddad Momeni M, de Ruijter S, Master ER. Fungal loosenin-like proteins boost the cellulolytic enzyme conversion of pretreated wood fiber and cellulosic pulps. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130188. [PMID: 38104665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Microbial expansin-related proteins, including loosenins, can disrupt cellulose networks and increase enzyme accessibility to cellulosic substrates. Herein, four loosenins from Phanerochaete carnosa (PcaLOOLs), and a PcaLOOL fused to a family 63 carbohydrate-binding module, were compared for ability to boost the cellulolytic deconstruction of steam pretreated softwood (SSW) and kraft pulps from softwood (ND-BSKP) and hardwood (ND-BHKP). Amending the Cellic® CTec-2 cellulase cocktail with PcaLOOLs increased reducing products from SSW by up to 40 %, corresponding to 28 % higher glucose yield. Amending Cellic® CTec-2 with PcaLOOLs also increased the release of glucose from ND-BSKP and ND-BHKP by 82 % and 28 %, respectively. Xylose release from ND-BSKP and ND-BHKP increased by 47 % and 57 %, respectively, highlighting the potential of PcaLOOLs to enhance hemicellulose recovery. Scanning electron microscopy and fiber image analysis revealed fibrillation and curlation of ND-BSKP after PcaLOOL treatment, consistent with increasing enzyme accessibility to targeted substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Dahiya
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Taru Koitto
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kim Kutvonen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Yan Wang
- Biorefining Business Development & Production, St1 Oy, Firdonkatu 2, 00520 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Majid Haddad Momeni
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Siiri de Ruijter
- Biorefining Business Development & Production, St1 Oy, Firdonkatu 2, 00520 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma R Master
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, M5S 3E5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Wang R, Li X, Zhu S, Zhang D, Han S, Li Z, Lu J, Chu H, Xiao J, Li S. Integrated flow cytometric and proteomics analyses reveal the regulatory network underlying sugarcane protoplast responses to fusion. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107918. [PMID: 37619268 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic cell fusion is a process that transfers cytoplasmic and nuclear genes to create new germplasm resources. But our limited understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms that shape protoplast responses to fusion. METHOD We employed flow cytometry, cytology, proteomics, and gene expression analysis to examine the sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) protoplast fusion. RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis revealed the fusion rate of protoplasts was 1.95%, the FSC value and SSC of heterozygous cells was 1.17-1.47 times higher than that of protoplasts. The protoplasts viability decreased and the MDA increased after fusion. During fusion, the cell membranes were perforated to different degrees, nuclear activity was weakened, while microtubules depolymerized and formed several short rod like structures in the protoplasts. The most abundant proteins during fusion were mainly involved in RNA processing and modification, cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partition, nuclear structure, extracellular structures, and nucleotide transport and metabolism. Moreover, the expression of key regeneration genes, such as WUS, GAUT, CESA, PSK, Aux/IAA, Cdc2, Cyclin D3, Cyclin A, and Cyclin B, was significantly altered following fusion. PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE Overall, our findings provide a theoretical basis that increases our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying protoplast fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Xinzhu Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minzu Avenue, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Shuifang Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Demei Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Shijian Han
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Zhigang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Jiahui Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Haiwei Chu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Jiming Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Suli Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, 530004, China.
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