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Kuroda K, Maeda R, Shinshima F, Urasaki K, Kubota K, Nobu MK, Noguchi TQP, Satoh H, Yamauchi M, Narihiro T, Yamada M. Microbiological insights into anaerobic phenol degradation mechanisms and bulking phenomenon in a mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor in long-term operation. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121271. [PMID: 38341972 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a long-term operation of 2,747 days was conducted to evaluate the performance of the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and investigated the degradation mechanisms of high-organic loading phenol wastewater. During the reactor operation, the maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 6.1 ± 0.6 kg/m3/day under 1,680 mg/L phenol concentration was achieved in the mesophilic UASB reactor. After a significant change in the operating temperature from 24.0 ± 4.1 °C to 35.9 ± 0.6 °C, frequent observations of floating and washout of the bloated granular sludge (novel types of the bulking phenomenon) were made in the UASB reactor, suggesting that the change in operating temperature could be a trigger for the bulking phenomenon. Through the metagenomic analysis, phenol degradation mechanisms were predicted that phenol was converted to 4-hydroxybenzoate via two possible routes by Syntrophorhabdaceae and Pelotomaculaceae bacteria. Furthermore, the degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate to benzoyl-CoA was carried out by members of Syntrophorhabdaceae and Smithellaceae. In the bulking sludge, a predominant presence of Nanobdellota, belonging to DPANN archaea, was detected. The metagenome-assembled genome of the Nanobdellota lacks many biosynthetic pathways and has several genes for the symbiotic lifestyle such as trimeric autotransporter adhesin-related protein. Furthermore, the Nanobdellota have significant correlations with several methanogenic archaea that are predominantly present in the UASB reactor. Considering the results of this study, the predominant Nanobdellota may negatively affect the growth of the methanogens through the parasitic lifestyle and change the balance of microbial interactions in the granular sludge ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Kuroda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517 Japan.
| | - Ryota Maeda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517 Japan; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Miyakonojo College, 473-1 Yoshio-cho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki 885-8567, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Futaba Shinshima
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517 Japan; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Miyakonojo College, 473-1 Yoshio-cho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki 885-8567, Japan
| | - Kampachiro Urasaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masaru K Nobu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Taro Q P Noguchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Miyakonojo College, 473-1 Yoshio-cho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki 885-8567, Japan
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Masahito Yamauchi
- Department of Urban Environmental Design and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kagoshima College, 1460-1 Shinkou, Hayato, Kirishima, Kagoshima 899-5193, Japan
| | - Takashi Narihiro
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517 Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Yamada
- Department of Urban Environmental Design and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kagoshima College, 1460-1 Shinkou, Hayato, Kirishima, Kagoshima 899-5193, Japan.
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Mills S, Yen Nguyen TP, Ijaz UZ, Lens PNL. Process stability in expanded granular sludge bed bioreactors enhances resistance to organic load shocks. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118271. [PMID: 37269726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental perturbations such as changes in organic loading rate (OLR) can have deleterious effects on the anaerobic digestion process, leading to VFA accumulation and process failure. However, the operational history of a reactor, such as prior exposure to VFA build up, can impact a reactor's resistance to shock loads. In the present study, the effects of long term (>100 days) bioreactor (un)stability on OLR shock resistance were assessed. Three 4 L EGSB bioreactors were subjected to varying levels of process stability. Operational conditions such as OLR, temperature and pH were maintained stable in R1; R2 was subjected to a series of minor OLR perturbations and R3 was subjected to a series of non-OLR perturbations, including ammonium, temperature, pH and sulfide. The effect of these different operational histories on each reactor's resistance to a sudden 8-fold increase in OLR were assessed by monitoring COD removal efficiency and biogas production. The microbial communities of each reactor were monitored using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to understand the relationship between microbial diversity and reactor stability. It was determined that the stable (un-perturbed) reactor performed best in terms of its resistance to a large OLR shock, despite its lower microbial community diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mills
- National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
| | - Thi Phi Yen Nguyen
- National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Umer Zeeshan Ijaz
- National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland; Water & Environment Research Group, University of Glasgow, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, Glasgow G11 6EW, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, United Kingdom
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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Wang Y, Li B, Li Y, Chen X. Research progress on enhancing the performance of autotrophic nitrogen removal systems using microbial immobilization technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145136. [PMID: 33609842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The autotrophic nitrogen removal process has great potential to be applied to the biological removal of nitrogen from wastewater, but its application is hindered by its unstable operation under adverse environmental conditions, such as those presented by low temperatures, high organic matter concentrations, or the presence of toxic substances. Granules and microbial entrapment technology can effectively retain and enrich microbial assemblages in reactors to improve operating efficiency and reactor stability. The carriers can also protect the reactor's internal microorganisms from interference from the external environment. This article critically reviews the existing literature on autotrophic nitrogen removal systems using immobilization technology. We focus our discussion on the natural aggregation process (granulation) and entrapment technology. The selection of carrier materials and entrapment methods are identified and described in detail and the mechanisms through which entrapment technology protects microorganisms are analyzed. This review will provide a better understanding of the mechanisms through which immobilization operates and the prospects for immobilization technology to be applied in autotrophic nitrogen removal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoguo Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Bovio P, Cabezas A, Etchebehere C. Preliminary analysis of Chloroflexi populations in full-scale UASB methanogenic reactors. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:667-683. [PMID: 30269410 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The phylum Chloroflexi is frequently found in high abundance in methanogenic reactors, but their role is still unclear as most of them remain uncultured and understudied. Hence, a detailed analysis was performed in samples from five up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) full-scale reactors fed different industrial wastewaters. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantitative PCR show that the phylum Chloroflexi was abundant in all UASB methanogenic reactors, with higher abundance in the reactors operated for a long period of time, which presented granular biomass. Both terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed diverse Chloroflexi populations apparently determined by the different inocula. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the sequences from the dominant Chloroflexi were positioned in branches where no sequences of the cultured representative strains were placed. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis performed in two of the reactors showed filamentous morphology of the hybridizing cells. CONCLUSIONS While members of the Anaerolineae class within phylum Chloroflexi were predominant, their diversity is still poorly described in anaerobic reactors. Due to their filamentous morphology, Chloroflexi may have a key role in the granulation in methanogenic UASB reactors. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our results bring new insights about the diversity, stability, dynamics and abundance of this phylum in full-scale UASB reactors which aid in understanding their function within the reactor biomass. However, new methodological approaches and analysis of bulking biomass are needed to completely unravel their role in these reactors. Combining all this knowledge with reactor operational parameters will allow to understand their participation in granulation and bulking episodes and design strategies to prevent Chloroflexi overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bovio
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomic, Biological Research Institute "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Cabezas
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomic, Biological Research Institute "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Uruguay Technological University (UTEC), Durazno, Uruguay
| | - C Etchebehere
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomic, Biological Research Institute "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
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Soo RM, Skennerton CT, Sekiguchi Y, Imelfort M, Paech SJ, Dennis PG, Steen JA, Parks DH, Tyson GW, Hugenholtz P. An expanded genomic representation of the phylum cyanobacteria. Genome Biol Evol 2016; 6:1031-45. [PMID: 24709563 PMCID: PMC4040986 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular surveys of aphotic habitats have indicated the presence of major uncultured lineages phylogenetically classified as members of the Cyanobacteria. One of these lineages has recently been proposed as a nonphotosynthetic sister phylum to the Cyanobacteria, the Melainabacteria, based on recovery of population genomes from human gut and groundwater samples. Here, we expand the phylogenomic representation of the Melainabacteria through sequencing of six diverse population genomes from gut and bioreactor samples supporting the inference that this lineage is nonphotosynthetic, but not the assertion that they are strictly fermentative. We propose that the Melainabacteria is a class within the phylogenetically defined Cyanobacteria based on robust monophyly and shared ancestral traits with photosynthetic representatives. Our findings are consistent with theories that photosynthesis occurred late in the Cyanobacteria and involved extensive lateral gene transfer and extends the recognized functionality of members of this phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle M. Soo
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Connor T. Skennerton
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yuji Sekiguchi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Michael Imelfort
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Samuel J. Paech
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul G. Dennis
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Present address: School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason A. Steen
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donovan H. Parks
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gene W. Tyson
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Philip Hugenholtz
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- *Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Phylogeny and physiology of candidate phylum 'Atribacteria' (OP9/JS1) inferred from cultivation-independent genomics. ISME JOURNAL 2015; 10:273-86. [PMID: 26090992 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The 'Atribacteria' is a candidate phylum in the Bacteria recently proposed to include members of the OP9 and JS1 lineages. OP9 and JS1 are globally distributed, and in some cases abundant, in anaerobic marine sediments, geothermal environments, anaerobic digesters and reactors and petroleum reservoirs. However, the monophyly of OP9 and JS1 has been questioned and their physiology and ecology remain largely enigmatic due to a lack of cultivated representatives. Here cultivation-independent genomic approaches were used to provide a first comprehensive view of the phylogeny, conserved genomic features and metabolic potential of members of this ubiquitous candidate phylum. Previously available and heretofore unpublished OP9 and JS1 single-cell genomic data sets were used as recruitment platforms for the reconstruction of atribacterial metagenome bins from a terephthalate-degrading reactor biofilm and from the monimolimnion of meromictic Sakinaw Lake. The single-cell genomes and metagenome bins together comprise six species- to genus-level groups that represent most major lineages within OP9 and JS1. Phylogenomic analyses of these combined data sets confirmed the monophyly of the 'Atribacteria' inclusive of OP9 and JS1. Additional conserved features within the 'Atribacteria' were identified, including a gene cluster encoding putative bacterial microcompartments that may be involved in aldehyde and sugar metabolism, energy conservation and carbon storage. Comparative analysis of the metabolic potential inferred from these data sets revealed that members of the 'Atribacteria' are likely to be heterotrophic anaerobes that lack respiratory capacity, with some lineages predicted to specialize in either primary fermentation of carbohydrates or secondary fermentation of organic acids, such as propionate.
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Narihiro T, Kim NK, Mei R, Nobu MK, Liu WT. Microbial community analysis of anaerobic reactors treating soft drink wastewater. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119131. [PMID: 25748027 PMCID: PMC4352018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaerobic packed-bed (AP) and hybrid packed-bed (HP) reactors containing methanogenic microbial consortia were applied to treat synthetic soft drink wastewater, which contains polyethylene glycol (PEG) and fructose as the primary constituents. The AP and HP reactors achieved high COD removal efficiency (>95%) after 80 and 33 days of the operation, respectively, and operated stably over 2 years. 16S rRNA gene pyrotag analyses on a total of 25 biofilm samples generated 98,057 reads, which were clustered into 2,882 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Both AP and HP communities were predominated by Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and candidate phylum KSB3 that may degrade organic compound in wastewater treatment processes. Other OTUs related to uncharacterized Geobacter and Spirochaetes clades and candidate phylum GN04 were also detected at high abundance; however, their relationship to wastewater treatment has remained unclear. In particular, KSB3, GN04, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi are consistently associated with the organic loading rate (OLR) increase to 1.5 g COD/L-d. Interestingly, KSB3 and GN04 dramatically decrease in both reactors after further OLR increase to 2.0 g COD/L-d. These results indicate that OLR strongly influences microbial community composition. This suggests that specific uncultivated taxa may take central roles in COD removal from soft drink wastewater depending on OLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Narihiro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Na-Kyung Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Ran Mei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Masaru K. Nobu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Wen-Tso Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sekiguchi Y, Ohashi A, Parks DH, Yamauchi T, Tyson GW, Hugenholtz P. First genomic insights into members of a candidate bacterial phylum responsible for wastewater bulking. PeerJ 2015; 3:e740. [PMID: 25650158 PMCID: PMC4312070 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamentous cells belonging to the candidate bacterial phylum KSB3 were previously identified as the causative agent of fatal filament overgrowth (bulking) in a high-rate industrial anaerobic wastewater treatment bioreactor. Here, we obtained near complete genomes from two KSB3 populations in the bioreactor, including the dominant bulking filament, using differential coverage binning of metagenomic data. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with 16S rRNA-targeted probes specific for the two populations confirmed that both are filamentous organisms. Genome-based metabolic reconstruction and microscopic observation of the KSB3 filaments in the presence of sugar gradients indicate that both filament types are Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic fermenters capable of non-flagellar based gliding motility, and have a strikingly large number of sensory and response regulator genes. We propose that the KSB3 filaments are highly sensitive to their surroundings and that cellular processes, including those causing bulking, are controlled by external stimuli. The obtained genomes lay the foundation for a more detailed understanding of environmental cues used by KSB3 filaments, which may lead to more robust treatment options to prevent bulking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sekiguchi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Akiko Ohashi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Donovan H Parks
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland , Australia
| | - Toshihiro Yamauchi
- Administrative Management Department, Kubota Kasui Corporation , Minato-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Gene W Tyson
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland , Australia ; Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland , Australia
| | - Philip Hugenholtz
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland , Australia ; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland , Australia
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Primers: Functional Genes and 16S rRNA Genes for Methanogens. SPRINGER PROTOCOLS HANDBOOKS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/8623_2015_138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Narihiro T, Nobu MK, Kim NK, Kamagata Y, Liu WT. The nexus of syntrophy-associated microbiota in anaerobic digestion revealed by long-term enrichment and community survey. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:1707-20. [PMID: 25186254 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) processes are known to effectively convert organic waste to CO2 and CH4 , but much of the microbial ecology remains unclear. Specifically, we have limited insights into symbiotic syntroph and methanogen ('syntrophy') acid degradation, although they are essential for preventing process deterioration. Also, we often observed many uncharacterized or uncultivated organisms, but poorly understood their role(s) in relation to syntrophy. To define syntrophy-associated populations, this study enriched methanogenic communities with propionate, butyrate, benzoate, acetate, formate and H2 from two different inocula over 3 years. 16S pyrotag analysis revealed core populations of known syntrophs (six clades) and methanogens (nine clades) associated with acid degradation, and evidence for substrate- and/or inoculum-dependent specificity in syntrophic partnerships. Based on comprehensive re-evaluation of publically available microbial community data for AD, the known syntrophs and methanogens identified were clearly representatives of the AD-associated syntrophs and methanogens. In addition, uncultivated clades related to Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were ubiquitously found in AD and enrichments. These organisms may be universally involved in AD syntrophic degradation, but only represented <23% of the yet-to-be-cultivated organisms (89 of 390 clades). Thus, the contribution of these uncultured organisms in AD remains unclear and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Narihiro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
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Yamada T, Araki S, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Okamura K, Hiraishi A, Ueda H, Ueda Y, Miyauchi K, Endo G. Community structure and population dynamics of ammonia oxidizers in composting processes of ammonia-rich livestock waste. Syst Appl Microbiol 2013; 36:359-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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