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Intasian P, Prakinee K, Phintha A, Trisrivirat D, Weeranoppanant N, Wongnate T, Chaiyen P. Enzymes, In Vivo Biocatalysis, and Metabolic Engineering for Enabling a Circular Economy and Sustainability. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10367-10451. [PMID: 34228428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, the rapid growth and development of global industries have depended largely upon the utilization of coal-derived chemicals, and more recently, the utilization of petroleum-based chemicals. These developments have followed a linear economy model (produce, consume, and dispose). As the world is facing a serious threat from the climate change crisis, a more sustainable solution for manufacturing, i.e., circular economy in which waste from the same or different industries can be used as feedstocks or resources for production offers an attractive industrial/business model. In nature, biological systems, i.e., microorganisms routinely use their enzymes and metabolic pathways to convert organic and inorganic wastes to synthesize biochemicals and energy required for their growth. Therefore, an understanding of how selected enzymes convert biobased feedstocks into special (bio)chemicals serves as an important basis from which to build on for applications in biocatalysis, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology to enable biobased processes that are greener and cleaner for the environment. This review article highlights the current state of knowledge regarding the enzymatic reactions used in converting biobased wastes (lignocellulosic biomass, sugar, phenolic acid, triglyceride, fatty acid, and glycerol) and greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) into value-added products and discusses the current progress made in their metabolic engineering. The commercial aspects and life cycle assessment of products from enzymatic and metabolic engineering are also discussed. Continued development in the field of metabolic engineering would offer diversified solutions which are sustainable and renewable for manufacturing valuable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattarawan Intasian
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Kridsadakorn Prakinee
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Aisaraphon Phintha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangthip Trisrivirat
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Nopphon Weeranoppanant
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, 169, Long-hard Bangsaen, Saensook, Muang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Wongnate
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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Conversion of L-arabinose to L-ribose by genetically engineered Candida tropicalis. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1147-1154. [PMID: 33559750 PMCID: PMC7871310 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02506-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
l-Ribose, a starting material for the synthesis of l-nucleoside, has attracted lots of attention since l-nucleoside is responsible for the antiviral activities of the racemic mixtures of nucleoside enantiomers. In this study, the l-ribulose-producing Candida tropicalis strain was engineered for the conversion of l-arabinose to l-ribose. For the construction of a uracil auxotroph, the URA3 gene was excised by homologous recombination. The expression cassette of codon-optimized l-ribose isomerase gene from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus DL-28 under the control of the GAPDH promoter was integrated to the uracil auxotroph. The resulting strain, K1 CoSTP2 LsaAraA AcLRI, was cultivated with the glucose/l-arabinose mixture. At 45.5 h of fermentation, 6.0 g/L of l-ribose and 3.2 g/L of l-ribulose were produced from 30 g/L of l-arabinose. The proportion between l-ribose and l-ribulose was approximately 2:1 and the conversion yield of l-arabinose to l-ribose was about 20% (w/w). The l-ribose-producing yeast strain was successfully constructed for the first time and could convert l-arabinose to l-ribose in one-pot fermentation using the mixture of glucose and l-arabinose.
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Characterization of an L-Arabinose Isomerase from Bacillus velezensis and Its Application for L-Ribulose and L-Ribose Biosynthesis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:935-951. [PMID: 32617845 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
L-Ribulose and L-ribose are two high-value unnatural sugars that can be biosynthesized by sugar isomerases. In this paper, an L-arabinose isomerase (BvAI) from Bacillus velezensis CICC 24777 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain. The maximum activity of recombinant BvAI was observed at 45 °C and pH 8.0, in the presence of 1.0 mM Mn2+. Approximately 207.2 g/L L-ribulose was obtained from 300 g/L L-arabinose in 1.5 h by E. coli harboring BvAI. In addition, approximately 74.25 g/L L-ribose was produced from 300 g/L L-arabinose in 7 h by E. coli co-expressing BvAI and L-RI from Actinotalea fermentans ATCC 43279 (AfRI). This study provides a feasible approach for producing L-ribose from L-arabinose using a co-expression system harboring L-Al and L-RI.
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Li Z, Liu X, Nakanishi H, Gao XD. Encapsulation of Mannose-6-phosphate Isomerase in Yeast Spores and Its Application in l-Ribose Production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6892-6899. [PMID: 32486647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (MPI) from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans was expressed and successfully encapsulated into the Saccharomyces cerevisiae spores. Our results demonstrated that compared to the free enzyme, the MPI triple mutant encapsulated in osw2Δ spores exhibited much preferred enzymatic properties, such as enhanced catalytic activity, excellent reusability, thermostability, and tolerance to various harsh conditions. In combination with an l-arabinose isomerase (AI) also from G. thermodenitrificans, this technique of spore encapsulation was applied for producing a high-value rare sugar l-ribose from biomass-derived l-arabinose. Using a 10 mL reaction system, 350 mg of l-ribose was produced from 1 g of l-arabinose with a conversion yield of 35% by repeatedly reacting with 200 mg of AI-encapsulated spores and 300 mg of MPI-encapsulated spores. This study provides a very useful and concise approach for the synthesis of rare sugars and other useful compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hideki Nakanishi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
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Chen M, Wu H, Zhang W, Mu W. Microbial and enzymatic strategies for the production of L-ribose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3321-3329. [PMID: 32088757 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
L-Ribose is a non-naturally occurring pentose that recently has become known for its potential application in the pharmaceutical industry, as it is an ideal starting material for use in synthesizing L-nucleosides analogues, an important class of antiviral drugs. In the past few decades, the synthesis of L-ribose has been mainly undertaken through the chemical route. However, chemical synthesis of L-ribose is difficult to achieve on an industrial scale. Therefore, the biotechnological production of L-ribose has gained considerable attention, as it exhibits many merits over the chemical approaches. The present review focuses on various biotechnological strategies for the production of L-ribose through microbial biotransformation and enzymatic catalysis, and in particular on an analysis and comparison of the synthetic methods and different enzymes. The physiological functions and applications of L-ribose are also elucidated. In addition, different sugar isomerases involved in the production of L-ribose from a number of sources are discussed in detail with regard to their biochemical properties. Furthermore, analysis of the separation issues of L-ribose from the reaction solution and different purification methods is presented.Key points • l -Arabinose, l -ribulose and ribitol can be used to produce l -ribose by enzymes. • Five enzymes are systematically introduced for production of l -ribose. • Microbial transformation and enzymatic methods are promising for yielding l -ribose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
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Wu H, Huang J, Deng Y, Zhang W, Mu W. Production of l-ribose from l-arabinose by co-expression of l-arabinose isomerase and d-lyxose isomerase in Escherichia coli. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 132:109443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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A single and two step isomerization process for d-tagatose and l-ribose bioproduction using l-arabinose isomerase and d-lyxose isomerase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 97:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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d-Ribulose production by a ribitol dehydrogenase from Enterobacter aerogenes coupled with an NADH regeneration system. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Biosynthesis of l-Sorbose and l-Psicose Based on C-C Bond Formation Catalyzed by Aldolases in an Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum Strain. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:4284-94. [PMID: 25888171 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00208-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The property of loose stereochemical control at aldol products from aldolases helped to synthesize multiple polyhydroxylated compounds with nonnatural stereoconfiguration. In this study, we discovered for the first time that some fructose 1,6-diphosphate aldolases (FruA) and tagatose 1,6-diphosphate (TagA) aldolases lost their strict stereoselectivity when using l-glyceraldehyde and synthesized not only l-sorbose but also a high proportion of l-psicose. Among the aldolases tested, TagA from Bacillus licheniformis (BGatY) showed the highest enzyme activity with l-glyceraldehyde. Subsequently, a "one-pot" reaction based on BGatY and fructose-1-phosphatase (YqaB) generated 378 mg/liter l-psicose and 199 mg/liter l-sorbose from dihydroxyacetone-phosphate (DHAP) and l-glyceraldehyde. Because of the high cost and instability of DHAP, a microbial fermentation strategy was used further to produce l-sorbose/l-psicose from glucose and l-glyceraldehyde, in which DHAP was obtained from glucose through the glycolytic pathway, and some recombination pathways based on FruA or TagA and YqaB were constructed in Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum strains. After evaluation of different host cells and combinations of FruA or TagA with YqaB and optimization of gene expression, recombinant C. glutamicum strain WT(pXFTY) was selected and produced 2.53 g/liter total ketoses, with a yield of 0.50 g/g l-glyceraldehyde. Moreover, deletion of gene cgl0331, encoding the Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase in C. glutamicum, was confirmed for the first time to significantly decrease conversion of l-glyceraldehyde to glycerol and to increase yield of target products. Finally, fed-batch culture of strain SY14(pXFTY) produced 3.5 g/liter l-sorbose and 2.3 g/liter l-psicose, with a yield of 0.61 g/g l-glyceraldehyde. This microbial fermentation strategy also could be applied to efficiently synthesize other l-sugars.
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Krauser S, Hoffmann T, Heinzle E. Directed Multistep Biocatalysis for the Synthesis of the Polyketide Oxytetracycline in Permeabilized Cells of Escherichia coli. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501825u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Krauser
- Biochemical Engineering, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Elmar Heinzle
- Biochemical Engineering, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Kim KR, Seo ES, Oh DK. L-Ribose production from L-arabinose by immobilized recombinant Escherichia coli co-expressing the L-arabinose isomerase and mannose-6-phosphate isomerase genes from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:275-88. [PMID: 24078190 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
L-Ribose is an important precursor for antiviral agents, and thus its high-level production is urgently demanded. For this aim, immobilized recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing the L-arabinose isomerase and variant mannose-6-phosphate isomerase genes from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans were developed. The immobilized cells produced 99 g/l L-ribose from 300 g/l L-arabinose in 3 h at pH 7.5 and 60 °C in the presence of 1 mM Co(2+), with a conversion yield of 33 % (w/w) and a productivity of 33 g/l/h. The immobilized cells in the packed-bed bioreactor at a dilution rate of 0.2 h(-1) produced an average of 100 g/l L-ribose with a conversion yield of 33 % and a productivity of 5.0 g/l/h for the first 12 days, and the operational half-life in the bioreactor was 28 days. Our study is first verification for L-ribose production by long-term operation and feasible for cost-effective commercialization. The immobilized cells in the present study also showed the highest conversion yield among processes from L-arabinose as the substrate.
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Gawand P, Mahadevan R. EngineeringEscherichia colifor D-Ribose Production from Glucose-Xylose Mixtures. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2013.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pratish Gawand
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahadevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
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Li Z, Gao Y, Nakanishi H, Gao X, Cai L. Biosynthesis of rare hexoses using microorganisms and related enzymes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2434-45. [PMID: 24367410 PMCID: PMC3869271 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare sugars, referred to as monosaccharides and their derivatives that rarely exist in nature, can be applied in many areas ranging from foodstuffs to pharmaceutical and nutrition industry, or as starting materials for various natural products and drug candidates. Unfortunately, an important factor restricting the utilization of rare sugars is their limited availability, resulting from limited synthetic methods. Nowadays, microbial and enzymatic transformations have become a very powerful tool in this field. This article reviews the biosynthesis and enzymatic production of rare ketohexoses, aldohexoses and sugar alcohols (hexitols), including D-tagatose, D-psicose, D-sorbose, L-tagatose, L-fructose, 1-deoxy-L-fructose, D-allose, L-glucose, L-talose, D-gulose, L-galactose, L-fucose, allitol, D-talitol, and L-sorbitol. New systems and robust catalysts resulting from advancements in genomics and bioengineering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yahui Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hideki Nakanishi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaodong Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Cai
- Division of Mathematics and Science, University of South Carolina Salkehatchie, Walterboro, South Carolina, 29488, USA
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Nosarzewski M, Downie AB, Wu B, Archbold DD. The role of SORBITOL DEHYDROGENASE in Arabidopsis thaliana. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2012; 39:462-470. [PMID: 32480797 DOI: 10.1071/fp12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SORBITOL DEHYDROGENASE (SDH, EC 1.1.1.14) catalyses the interconversion of polyols and ketoses (e.g. sorbitol ⟷ fructose). Using two independent Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. sdh knockout mutants, we show that SDH (At5g51970) plays a primary role in sorbitol metabolism as well as an unexpected role in ribitol metabolism. Sorbitol content increased in both wild-type (WT) and mutant plant leaves during drought stress, but mutants showed a dramatically different phenotype, dying even if rewatered. The lack of functional SDH in mutant plants was accompanied by accumulation of foliar sorbitol and at least 10-fold more ribitol, neither of which decreased in mutant plants after rewatering. In addition, mutant plants were uniquely sensitive to ribitol in a concentration-dependent manner, which either prevented them from completing seed germination or inhibited seedling development, effects not observed with other polyols or with ribitol-treated WT plants. Ribitol catabolism may occur solely through SDH in A. thaliana, though at only 30% the rate of that for sorbitol. The results indicate a role for SDH in metabolism of sorbitol to fructose and in ribitol conversion to ribulose in A. thaliana during recovery from drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nosarzewski
- University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture, N318 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - A Bruce Downie
- University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture, N318 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Benhong Wu
- University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture, N318 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Douglas D Archbold
- University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture, N318 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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Beerens K, Desmet T, Soetaert W. Enzymes for the biocatalytic production of rare sugars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:823-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Carbohydrates are much more than just a source of energy as they also mediate a variety of recognition processes that are central to human health. As such, saccharides can be applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries to stimulate our immune system (e.g., prebiotics), to control diabetes (e.g., low-calorie sweeteners), or as building blocks for anticancer and antiviral drugs (e.g., l-nucleosides). Unfortunately, only a small number of all possible monosaccharides are found in nature in sufficient amounts to allow their commercial exploitation. Consequently, so-called rare sugars have to be produced by (bio)chemical processes starting from cheap and widely available substrates. Three enzyme classes that can be used for rare sugar production are keto–aldol isomerases, epimerases, and oxidoreductases. In this review, the recent developments in rare sugar production with these biocatalysts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Beerens
- grid.5342.0 0000000120697798 Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure links 653 9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- grid.5342.0 0000000120697798 Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure links 653 9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Wim Soetaert
- grid.5342.0 0000000120697798 Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure links 653 9000 Gent Belgium
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Li L, Zhang H, Fu J, Hu C, Zheng Y, Qiu Y. Enhancement of ribitol production during fermentation of Trichosporonoides oedocephalis ATCC 16958 by optimizing the medium and altering agitation strategies. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-011-0359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li Z, Cai L, Qi Q, Wang PG. Enzymatic synthesis of D-sorbose and D-psicose with aldolase RhaD: effect of acceptor configuration on enzyme stereoselectivity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7081-4. [PMID: 22018788 PMCID: PMC3210396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It was previously reported that DHAP-dependent aldolase RhaD selectively chooses L-glyceraldehyde from racemic glyceraldehyde to produce l-fructose exclusively. Contrastingly, we discovered that D-glyceraldehyde is also tolerated as an acceptor and the stereoselectivity of the enzyme is lost in the corresponding aldol addition. Furthermore, we applied this property to efficiently synthesize two rare sugars D-sorbose and D-psicose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, PR China
| | - Li Cai
- University of South Carolina Salkehatchie, Walterboro, SC 29488, USA
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, PR China
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, PR China
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Park JT, Hirano JI, Thangavel V, Riebel BR, Bommarius AS. NAD(P)H oxidase V from Lactobacillus plantarum (NoxV) displays enhanced operational stability even in absence of reducing agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hu C, Li L, Zheng Y, Rui L, Hu C. Perspectives of biotechnological production of l-ribose and its purification. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:449-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Hall M, Bommarius AS. Enantioenriched Compounds via Enzyme-Catalyzed Redox Reactions. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4088-110. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200013n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas S. Bommarius
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Engineering microbial factories for synthesis of value-added products. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 38:873-90. [PMID: 21526386 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-0970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms have become an increasingly important platform for the production of drugs, chemicals, and biofuels from renewable resources. Advances in protein engineering, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology enable redesigning microbial cellular networks and fine-tuning physiological capabilities, thus generating industrially viable strains for the production of natural and unnatural value-added compounds. In this review, we describe the recent progress on engineering microbial factories for synthesis of valued-added products including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides, biofuels, and chemicals. Related topics on lignocellulose degradation, sugar utilization, and microbial tolerance improvement will also be discussed.
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Fan A, Jaenicke S, Chuah GK. A heterogeneous Pd–Bi/C catalyst in the synthesis of l-lyxose and l-ribose from naturally occurring d-sugars. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7720-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06116j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Characterization of a mannose-6-phosphate isomerase from Thermus thermophilus and increased L-ribose production by its R142N mutant. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 77:762-7. [PMID: 21115698 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01793-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An uncharacterized gene from Thermus thermophilus, thought to encode a mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The maximal activity of the recombinant enzyme for L-ribulose isomerization was observed at pH 7.0 and 75°C in the presence of 0.5 mM Cu(2+). Among all of the pentoses and hexoses evaluated, the enzyme exhibited the highest activity for the conversion of L-ribulose to L-ribose, a potential starting material for many L-nucleoside-based pharmaceutical compounds. The active-site residues, predicted according to a homology-based model, were separately replaced with Ala. The residue at position 142 was correlated with an increase in L-ribulose isomerization activity. The R142N mutant showed the highest activity among mutants modified with Ala, Glu, Tyr, Lys, Asn, or Gln. The specific activity and catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) for L-ribulose using the R142N mutant were 1.4- and 1.6-fold higher than those of the wild-type enzyme, respectively. The k(cat)/K(m) of the R142N mutant was 3.8-fold higher than that of Geobacillus thermodenitrificans mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, which exhibited the highest activity to date for the previously reported k(cat)/K(m). The R142N mutant enzyme produced 213 g/liter L-ribose from 300 g/liter L-ribulose for 2 h, with a volumetric productivity of 107 g liter(-1) h(-1), which was 1.5-fold higher than that of the wild-type enzyme.
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Monedero V, Pérez-Martínez G, Yebra MJ. Perspectives of engineering lactic acid bacteria for biotechnological polyol production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 86:1003-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Woodyer RD, Christ TN, Deweese KA. Single-step bioconversion for the preparation of l-gulose and l-galactose. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:363-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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L-ribose production from L-arabinose by using purified L-arabinose isomerase and mannose-6-phosphate isomerase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:6941-3. [PMID: 19749063 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01867-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two enzymes, L-arabinose isomerase and mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans produced 118 g/liter L-ribose from 500 g/liter L-arabinose at pH 7.0, 70 degrees C, and 1 mM Co(2+) for 3 h, with a conversion yield of 23.6% and a volumetric productivity of 39.3 g liter(-1) h(-1).
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Substrate specificity of a mannose-6-phosphate isomerase from Bacillus subtilis and its application in the production of L-ribose. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:4705-10. [PMID: 19447949 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00310-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The uncharacterized gene previously proposed as a mannose-6-phosphate isomerase from Bacillus subtilis was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The maximal activity of the recombinant enzyme was observed at pH 7.5 and 40 degrees C in the presence of 0.5 mM Co(2+). The isomerization activity was specific for aldose substrates possessing hydroxyl groups oriented in the same direction at the C-2 and C-3 positions, such as the d and l forms of ribose, lyxose, talose, mannose, and allose. The enzyme exhibited the highest activity for l-ribulose among all pentoses and hexoses. Thus, L-ribose, as a potential starting material for many L-nucleoside-based pharmaceutical compounds, was produced at 213 g/liter from 300-g/liter L-ribulose by mannose-6-phosphate isomerase at 40 degrees C for 3 h, with a conversion yield of 71% and a volumetric productivity of 71 g liter(-1) h(-1).
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Helanto M, Kiviharju K, Granström T, Leisola M, Nyyssölä A. Biotechnological production of l-ribose from l-arabinose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 83:77-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Revised: 12/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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