1
|
Shetty BD, Pandey PK, Mai K. Microbial diversity in dairy manure environment under liquid-solid separation systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38310325 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2309481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
In dairy manure, a wide array of microorganisms, including many pathogens, survive and grow under suitable conditions. This microbial community offers a tremendous opportunity for studying animal health, the transport of microbes into the soil, air, and water, and consequential impacts on public health. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of manure management practices on the microbial community of manure. The key novelty of this work is to identify the impacts of various stages of manure management on microbes living in dairy manure. In general, the majority of dairy farms in California use a flush system to manage dairy manure, which involves liquid-solid separations. To separate liquid and solid in manure, Multi-stage Alternate Dairy Effluent Management Systems (ADEMS) that use mechanical separation systems (MSS) or weeping wall separation systems (WWSS) are used. Thus, this study was conducted to understand how these manure management systems affect the microbial community. We studied the microbial communities in the WWSS and MSS separation systems, as well as in the four stages of the ADEMS. The 16S rRNA gene from the extracted genomic DNA of dairy manure was amplified using the NovoSeq Illumina next-generation sequencing platform. The sequencing data were used to perform the analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and multi-response permutation procedure (MRRP) statistical tests, and the results showed that microbial communities among WWSS and MSS were significantly different (p < 0.05). These findings have significant practical implications for the design and implementation of manure management practices in dairy farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Dharmaveer Shetty
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pramod K Pandey
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kelly Mai
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
DeCola AC, Toppen LC, Brown KP, Dadkhah A, Rizzo DM, Ziels RM, Scarborough MJ. Microbiome assembly and stability during start-up of a full-scale, two-phase anaerobic digester fed cow manure and mixed organic feedstocks. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130247. [PMID: 38158092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Carbon transformations during anaerobic digestion are mediated by complex microbiomes, but their assembly is poorly understood, especially in full-scale digesters. Gene-centric metagenomics combining functional and taxonomic classification was performed for an on-farm digester during start-up. Cow manure and organic waste pre-treated in a hydrolysis tank were fed to the methane-producing digester and the volatile solids loading rate was slowly increased from 0 to 3.5 kg volatile solids m-3 d-1 over one year. The microbial community in the anaerobic digester exhibited a high ratio of archaea, which were dominated by hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Bacteria in the anaerobic digester had a high abundance of genes for ferredoxin cycling, H2 generation, and more metabolically complex fermentations than in the hydrolysis tank. In total, the results show that a functionally stable microbiome was achieved quickly during start-up and that the microbiome created in the low-pH hydrolysis tank did not persist in the downstream anaerobic digester.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy C DeCola
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Lucinda C Toppen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kennedy P Brown
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ali Dadkhah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Donna M Rizzo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ryan M Ziels
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Matthew J Scarborough
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Illarze G, del Pino A, Irisarri P. Differences in Bacterial Communities and Pathogen Indicators of Raw and Lagoon-Stabilized Farm Dairy Effluents. Microorganisms 2024; 12:305. [PMID: 38399709 PMCID: PMC10893489 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
One practice for handling farm dairy effluent (DE) comprises recycling them to the soil with the challenge of balancing the tradeoff associated with environmental pollution through nutrient and microorganism loading. This study investigated seasonal bacterial community composition, diversity, abundance, and pathogenic indicators in untreated (Raw) and lagoon-stabilized (Lagoon) DE. The correlation between bacterial profiles and DE physicochemical characteristics was also analyzed. Pathogen-indicator bacteria were studied by enumerating viable counts and the bacterial community structure by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Lagoon storage effectively reduced total solids (64%), suspended solids (77%), organic carbon (40%), and total nitrogen (82%), along with total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and enterococci. However, this efficiency was compromised in winter. Lagoon and Raw sample bacterial communities presented different compositions, with several environmental variables correlating to microbial community differences. Lagoon-treated DE exhibited the most diverse bacterial community, dominated by Firmicutes (40%), Proteobacteria (30%), and Bacteroidota (7.6%), whereas raw DE was mainly composed of Firmicutes (76%). Regardless of the season, dominant genera included Trichococcus, Romboutsia, Corynebacterium, and Paeniclostridium. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of lagoon treatment for DE stabilization, showcasing its role in altering bacterial community composition and mitigating environmental risks associated with pathogens and nutrients, particularly in summer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Illarze
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay;
| | - Amabelia del Pino
- Departamento de Suelos y Aguas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay;
| | - Pilar Irisarri
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma C, Guldberg LB, Hansen MJ, Feng L, Petersen SO. Frequent export of pig slurry for outside storage reduced methane but not ammonia emissions in cold and warm seasons. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 169:223-231. [PMID: 37459826 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Manure management is a significant source of methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3), and there is an urgent need for strategies to reduce these emissions. More frequent export of manure for outside storage can lower gaseous emissions from housing facilities, but the longer residence time may then increase emissions during outside storage. This study examined CH4 and NH3 emissions from liquid pig manure (pig slurry) removed from the in-house slurry collection pits at three different frequencies, i.e., three times per week (T2.3), once per week (T7), or once after 40 days (T40, reference). The slurry from treatments T2.3 and T7 was transferred for outside storage weekly over four weeks, and slurry from treatment T40 once after 40 days, in connection with summer and winter production cycles with growing-finishing pigs. The slurry was stored in pilot-scale storage tanks with solid cover and continuous ventilation. Compared to T40, the treatments T2.3 and T7 increased CH4 emissions during outside storage, but in-house emissions were reduced even more, and the net effects on total CH4 emissions from manure management (housing unit and outside storage) were reductions of 18-41% in summer and 53-83% in winter. The frequent slurry export for outside storage led to more NH3 emissions, except for the treatment T2.3, which has slurry funnel inserts beneath the slatted floor. Measurements of in-vitro CH4 production rates suggested that shorter residence time for slurry in pig houses delayed the development of active methanogenic populations, and that this contributed to the reduction of CH4 emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ma
- Department of Agroecology, iclimate, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Lise Bonne Guldberg
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Michael Jørgen Hansen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), 1431 Ås, Norway(1)
| | - Søren O Petersen
- Department of Agroecology, iclimate, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khairunisa BH, Loganathan U, Ogejo JA, Mukhopadhyay B. Nitrogen transformation processes catalyzed by manure microbiomes in earthen pit and concrete storages on commercial dairy farms. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:32. [PMID: 37041573 PMCID: PMC10091836 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Storing manure is an essential aspect of nutrient management on dairy farms. It presents the opportunity to use manure efficiently as a fertilizer in crop and pasture production. Typically, the manure storages are constructed as earthen, concrete, or steel-based structures. However, storing manure can potentially emit aerial pollutants to the atmosphere, including nitrogen and greenhouse gases, through microbial and physicochemical processes. We have characterized the composition of the microbiome in two manure storage structures, a clay-lined earthen pit and an aboveground concrete storage tank, on commercial dairy farms, to discern the nitrogen transformation processes, and thereby, inform the development of mitigation practices to preserve the value of manure. First, we analyzed the 16S rRNA-V4 amplicons generated from manure samples collected from several locations and depths (0.3, 1.2, and 2.1-2.75 m below the surface) of the storages, identifying a set of Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASVs) and quantifying their abundances. Then, we inferred the respective metabolic capabilities. These results showed that the manure microbiome composition was more complex and exhibited more location-to-location variation in the earthen pit than in the concrete tank. Further, the inlet and a location with hard surface crust in the earthen pit had unique consortia. The microbiomes in both storages had the potential to generate ammonia but lacked the organisms for oxidizing it to gaseous compounds. However, the microbial conversion of nitrate to gaseous N2, NO, and N2O via denitrification and to stable ammonia via dissimilatory nitrite reduction seemed possible; minor quantities of nitrate was present in manure, potentially originating from oxidative processes occurring on the barn floor. The nitrate-transformation linked ASVs were more prevalent at the near-surface locations and all depths of the inlet. Anammox bacteria and archaeal or bacterial autotrophic nitrifiers were not detected in either storage. Hydrogenotrophic Methanocorpusculum species were the primary methanogens or methane producers, exhibiting higher abundance in the earthen pit. These findings suggested that microbial activities were not the main drivers for nitrogen loss from manure storage, and commonly reported losses are associated with the physicochemical processes. Finally, the microbiomes of stored manure had the potential to emit greenhouse gases such as NO, N2O, and methane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bela Haifa Khairunisa
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology Ph.D. Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Usha Loganathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Jactone A Ogejo
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Biswarup Mukhopadhyay
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology Ph.D. Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strom N, Ma Y, Bi Z, Andersen D, Trabue S, Chen C, Hu B. Eubacterium coprostanoligenes and Methanoculleus identified as potential producers of metabolites that contribute to swine manure foaming. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2906-2924. [PMID: 34820968 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Swine manure foaming is a major problem, causing damage to property, livestock, and people. Here, we identified the main chemicals and microbes that contribute to foaming. METHODS AND RESULTS Foaming and non-foaming swine manure were sampled from farms in Iowa and Illinois. Targeted and untargeted metabolomics analyses identified chemical markers that differed between foaming and non-foaming manure and between manure layers. Microbial community analysis and metagenomics were performed on a subset of samples. Foam contained significantly higher levels of total bile acids and long chain fatty acids like palmitic, stearic and oleic acid than the other manure layers. Foam layers also had significantly higher levels of ubiquinone 9 and ubiquinone 10. The slurry layer of foaming samples contained more alanine, isoleucine/leucine, diacylglycerols (DG), phosphtatidylethanolamines, and vitamin K2, while ceramide was significantly increased in the slurry layer of non-foaming samples. Eubacterium coprostanoligenes and Methanoculleus were more abundant in foaming samples, and E. coprostanoligenes was significantly correlated with levels of DG. Genes involved in diacylglycerol biosynthesis and in the biosynthesis of branched-chain hydrophobic amino acids were overrepresented in foaming samples. CONCLUSIONS A mechanism for manure foaming is hypothesized in which proliferation of Methanoculleus leads to excessive production of methane, while production of DG by E. coprostanoligenes and hydrophobic proteins by Methanosphaera stadtmanae facilitates bubble formation and stabilization. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY While some chemical and biological treatments have been developed to treat swine manure foaming, its causes remain unknown. We identified key microbes and metabolites that correlate with foaming and point to possible roles of other factors like animal feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah Strom
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yiwei Ma
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zheting Bi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel Andersen
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Steve Trabue
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Chi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sokolov V, Habtewold J, VanderZaag A, Dunfield K, Gregorich E, Wagner-Riddle C, Venkiteswaran JJ, Gordon R. Response Curves for Ammonia and Methane Emissions From Stored Liquid Manure Receiving Low Rates of Sulfuric Acid. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.678992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Addition of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to liquid dairy manure (slurry) reduces methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3) emissions. There is interest in understanding how gaseous emissions respond to decreasing rates of acidification, to determine economically optimum application rates. Acidification rates were tested ranging from 0 to 2 g sulfuric acid (H2SO4) L−1 slurry in six meso-scale outdoor storage tanks, each filled with 10.6 m3 slurry and stored for 114 d. Results showed that the rate of acidification for maximum inhibition of CH4 and NH3 emissions varied markedly, whereas N2O reductions were modest. Reductions of CH4 increased with acid rate from 0 to 1.2 g L−1, with no additional response beyond >1.2 g L−1. In contrast to CH4, inhibitions of NH3 showed a linear response across all rates, although reductions were ≤ 30%. Thus, higher acidification rates would be required to achieve greater NH3 emission reductions. Our findings indicate that achieving >85% NH3 emissions reductions would require 4 × more acid than achieving >85% CH4 reductions. Decisions on optimum H2SO4 rates will depend on the need to mitigate CH4 emissions (the primary greenhouse gas emitted from stored liquid manure) or reduce NH3 emissions (which is regulated in some regions). These results will help develop guidelines related to the potential costs and benefits of reducing emissions through acidification.
Collapse
|
8
|
Dalby FR, Hafner SD, Petersen SO, VanderZaag AC, Habtewold J, Dunfield K, Chantigny MH, Sommer SG. Understanding methane emission from stored animal manure: A review to guide model development. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2021; 50:817-835. [PMID: 34021608 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
National inventories of methane (CH4 ) emission from manure management are based on guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change using country-specific emission factors. These calculations must be simple and, consequently, the effects of management practices and environmental conditions are only crudely represented in the calculations. The intention of this review is to develop a detailed understanding necessary for developing accurate models for calculating CH4 emission from liquid manure, with particular focus on the microbiological conversion of organic matter to CH4 . Themes discussed are (a) the liquid manure environment; (b) methane production processes from a modeling perspective; (c) development and adaptation of methanogenic communities; (d) mass and electron conservation; (e) steps limiting CH4 production; (f) inhibition of methanogens; (g) temperature effects on CH4 production; and (h) limits of existing estimation approaches. We conclude that a model must include calculation of microbial response to variations in manure temperature, substrate availability and age, and management system, because these variables substantially affect CH4 production. Methane production can be reduced by manipulating key variables through management procedures, and the effects may be taken into account by including a microbial component in the model. When developing new calculation procedures, it is important to include reasonably accurate algorithms of microbial adaptation. This review presents concepts for these calculations and ideas for how these may be carried out. A need for better quantification of hydrolysis kinetics is identified, and the importance of short- and long-term microbial adaptation is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik R Dalby
- Dep. of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus Univ., Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Sasha D Hafner
- Dep. of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus Univ., Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
- Hafner Consulting LLC, Reston, VA, 20191, USA
| | | | - Andrew C VanderZaag
- Ottawa Research and Development Ctr., Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Jemaneh Habtewold
- Ottawa Research and Development Ctr., Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Kari Dunfield
- School of Environmental Science, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Martin H Chantigny
- Quebec Research and Development Ctr., Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, QC, G1V 2J3, Canada
| | - Sven G Sommer
- Dep. of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus Univ., Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sokolov VK, VanderZaag A, Habtewold J, Dunfield K, Wagner-Riddle C, Venkiteswaran JJ, Crolla A, Gordon R. Dairy manure acidification reduces CH4 emissions over short and long-term. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2797-2804. [PMID: 31920167 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1714744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acidification with sulphuric acid and cleaning residual manure in tanks are promising practices for reducing methane (CH4), which is a potent greenhouse gas. To date, no data are available on CH4 reductions from acidifying only residual manure (rather than all manure). Moreover, long-term effects of manure acidification (i.e. inoculating ability of previously acidified residual manure in the subsequent storages) are not known. To address these gaps, fresh manure (FM; 150 mL) combined with treated or untreated inoculum (30 mL) were anaerobically incubated at 17°C, 20°C, and 23°C for 116 d. Acidified treatments, regardless of location of acid addition, reduced CH4 production by 81% at 17°C, 78% at 20°C, and 19% at 23°C compared to the control (untreated FM and untreated inoculum). To test long-term acidification effects, FM was inoculated with manure that had been acidified 6-months prior. This created comparable CH4 production to FM with no inoculum and reduced CH4 production by 99% at 17°C and 20°C, and 49% at 23°C compared to the control. Results indicate that residual slurries of acidified manure become poor inoculants in subsequent storage, hence manure acidification has a long-term treatment effect in reducing CH4 production. This could reduce how often acidification is needed in dairy manure tanks and also increasing its cost-effectiveness for farmers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera K Sokolov
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Andrew VanderZaag
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jemaneh Habtewold
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kari Dunfield
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | | | - Jason J Venkiteswaran
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Anna Crolla
- Innovation Engineering and Program Delivery, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Kemptville, Canada
| | - Robert Gordon
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dalby FR, Hafner SD, Petersen SO, Vanderzaag A, Habtewold J, Dunfield K, Chantigny MH, Sommer SG. A mechanistic model of methane emission from animal slurry with a focus on microbial groups. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252881. [PMID: 34111183 PMCID: PMC8191904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid manure (slurry) from livestock releases methane (CH4) that contributes significantly to global warming. Existing models for slurry CH4 production-used for mitigation and inventories-include effects of organic matter loading, temperature, and retention time but cannot predict important effects of management, or adequately capture essential temperature-driven dynamics. Here we present a new model that includes multiple methanogenic groups whose relative abundance shifts in response to changes in temperature or other environmental conditions. By default, the temperature responses of five groups correspond to those of four methanogenic species and one uncultured methanogen, although any number of groups could be defined. We argue that this simple mechanistic approach is able to describe both short- and long-term responses to temperature where other existing approaches fall short. The model is available in the open-source R package ABM (https://github.com/sashahafner/ABM) as a single flexible function that can include effects of slurry management (e.g., removal frequency and treatment methods) and changes in environmental conditions over time. Model simulations suggest that the reduction of CH4 emission by frequent emptying of slurry pits is due to washout of active methanogens. Application of the model to represent a full-scale slurry storage tank showed it can reproduce important trends, including a delayed response to temperature changes. However, the magnitude of predicted emission is uncertain, primarily as a result of sensitivity to the hydrolysis rate constant, due to a wide range in reported values. Results indicated that with additional work-particularly on the magnitude of hydrolysis rate-the model could be a tool for estimation of CH4 emissions for inventories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik R. Dalby
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail: (SDH); (FRD); (SGS)
| | - Sasha D. Hafner
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Hafner Consulting LLC, Reston, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SDH); (FRD); (SGS)
| | | | - Andrew Vanderzaag
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jemaneh Habtewold
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kari Dunfield
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Martin H. Chantigny
- Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sven G. Sommer
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail: (SDH); (FRD); (SGS)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cárdenas A, Ammon C, Schumacher B, Stinner W, Herrmann C, Schneider M, Weinrich S, Fischer P, Amon T, Amon B. Methane emissions from the storage of liquid dairy manure: Influences of season, temperature and storage duration. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 121:393-402. [PMID: 33445112 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methane emissions from livestock manure are primary contributors to GHG emissions from agriculture and options for their mitigation must be found. This paper presents the results of a study on methane emissions from stored liquid dairy cow manure during summer and winter storage periods. Manure from the summer and winter season was stored under controlled conditions in barrels at ambient temperature to simulate manure storage conditions. Methane emissions from the manure samples from the winter season were measured in two time periods: 0 to 69 and 0 to 139 days. For the summer storage period, the experiments covered four time periods: from 0 to 70, 0 to 138, 0 to 209, and 0 to 279 continuous days, with probing every 10 weeks. Additionally, at the end of all storage experiments, samples were placed into eudiometer batch digesters, and their methane emissions were measured at 20 °C for another 60 days to investigate the potential effect of the aging of the liquid manure on its methane emissions. The experiment showed that the methane emissions from manure stored in summer were considerably higher than those from manure stored in winter. CH4 production started after approximately one month, reaching values of 0.061 kg CH4 kg-1 Volatile Solid (VS) and achieving high total emissions of 0.148 kg CH4 kg-1 VS (40 weeks). In winter, the highest emissions level was 0.0011 kg CH4 kg-1 VS (20 weeks). The outcomes of these experimental measurements can be used to suggest strategies for mitigating methane emissions from manure storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aura Cárdenas
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Ammon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
| | - Britt Schumacher
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Walter Stinner
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christiane Herrmann
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marcel Schneider
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sören Weinrich
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Fischer
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Amon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Institut of Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Amon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany; University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
BenIsrael M, Wanner P, Fernandes J, Burken JG, Aravena R, Parker BL, Haack EA, Tsao DT, Dunfield KE. Quantification of toluene phytoextraction rates and microbial biodegradation functional profiles at a fractured bedrock phytoremediation site. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135890. [PMID: 31865073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This field study evaluated the efficacy of a mature hybrid poplar phytoremediation system for the remediation of toluene in a fractured bedrock aquifer site. Phytoextraction activity of the trees and the ecology and biodegradation potential of root-colonizing bacteria that ultimately influence how much toluene is transported from the roots and phytoextracted to the aboveground point of measurement were explored. Peak-season toluene mass removal rates ranging from 313 to 743 μg/day were quantified using passive in planta contaminant sampling techniques and continuous heat dissipation transpiration measurements in tree stems. Root bacterial microbiome structure and biodegradation potential were evaluated via high-throughput sequencing and predictive metagenomic functional modelling of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in roots. Poplar roots were colonized mostly by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Distinct, more uniform communities were observed in roots associated with trees planted in the toluene source area compared to other areas, with differences apparent at lower taxonomic levels. Significant enrichment of Streptomyces in roots was observed in the source area, implicating that genus as a potentially important poplar endophyte at toluene-impacted sites. Moreover, significantly greater aerobic toluene biodegradation capacity was predicted in these roots compared to other areas using taxonomic functional modelling. Together with passive sampling, the molecular results provided supporting evidence of biodegradation activity in the source area and contextualized the detected phytoextraction patterns. These results support the application of phytoremediation systems for aromatic hydrocarbons in environments with complex geology and demonstrate field-validated monitoring techniques to assess phytoextraction and biodegradation in these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael BenIsrael
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Philipp Wanner
- G(360) Institute for Groundwater Research, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jeremy Fernandes
- G(360) Institute for Groundwater Research, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Joel G Burken
- Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 1401 N. Pine St., Rolla, MO 65409-0030, USA
| | - Ramon Aravena
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Beth L Parker
- G(360) Institute for Groundwater Research, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Haack
- EcoMetrix Inc., 6800 Campobello Road, Mississauga, ON L5N 2L8, Canada
| | - David T Tsao
- BP Corporation North America Inc., 150 W Warrenville Road #605-2E, Naperville, IL 60563, USA
| | - Kari E Dunfield
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Habtewold J, Gordon R, Sokolov V, VanderZaag A, Wagner-Riddle C, Dunfield K. Reduction in Methane Emissions From Acidified Dairy Slurry Is Related to Inhibition of Methanosarcina Species. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2806. [PMID: 30515146 PMCID: PMC6255968 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid dairy manure treated with sulfuric acid was stored in duplicate pilot-scale storage tanks for 120 days with continuous monitoring of CH4 emissions and concurrent examination of changes in the structure of bacterial and methanogenic communities. Methane emissions were monitored at the site using laser-based Trace Gas Analyzer whereas quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and massively parallel sequencing were employed to study bacterial and methanogenic communities using 16S rRNA and methyl-coenzyme M Reductase A (mcrA) genes/transcripts, respectively. When compared with untreated slurries, acidification resulted in 69–84% reductions of cumulative CH4 emissions. The abundance, activity, and proportion of bacterial communities did not vary with manure acidification. However, the abundance and activity of methanogens (as estimated from mcrA gene and transcript copies, respectively) in acidified slurries were reduced by 6 and 20%, respectively. Up to 21% reduction in mcrA transcript/gene ratios were also detected in acidified slurries. Regardless of treatment, Methanocorpusculum predominated archaeal 16S rRNA and mcrA gene and transcript libraries. The proportion of Methanosarcina, which is the most metabolically-diverse methanogen, was the significant discriminant feature between acidified and untreated slurries. In acidified slurries, the relative proportions of Methanosarcina were ≤ 10%, whereas in untreated slurries, it represented up to 24 and 53% of the mcrA gene and transcript libraries, respectively. The low proportions of Methanosarcina in acidified slurries coincided with the reductions in CH4 emissions. The results suggest that reduction of CH4 missions achieved by acidification was due to an inhibition of the growth and activity of Methanosarcina species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jemaneh Habtewold
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Gordon
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Vera Sokolov
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Kari Dunfield
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|