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de Souza JB, Sommerfeld S, Almeida-Souza HO, Vaz ER, Bastos LM, Santos FDAA, Rodrigues AC, Medeiros-Ronchi AA, Goulart LR, Fonseca BB. A new standardization for the use of chicken embryo: selection of target from the phage display library and infection. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:412. [PMID: 38985354 PMCID: PMC11236870 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The filamentous bacteriophage M13KO7 (M13) is the most used in phage display (PD) technology and, like other phages, has been applied in several areas of medicine, agriculture, and in the food industry. One of the advantages is that they can modulate the immune response in the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses. This study evaluated the use of phage M13 in the chicken embryos model. We inoculated 13-day-old chicken embryos with Salmonella Pullorum (SP) and then evaluated survival for the presence of phage M13 or E. coli ER2738 (ECR) infected with M13. We found that the ECR bacterium inhibits SP multiplication in 0.32 (M13-infected ECR) or 0.44 log UFC/mL (M13-uninfected ECR) and that the ECR-free phage M13 from the PD library can be used in chicken embryo models. This work provides the use of the chicken embryo as a model to study systemic infection and can be employed as an analysis tool for various peptides that M13 can express from PD selection. KEY POINTS: • SP-infected chicken embryo can be a helpful model of systemic infection for different tests. • Phage M13 does not lead to embryonic mortality or cause serious injury to embryos. • Phage M13 from the PD library can be used in chicken embryo model tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brito de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Simone Sommerfeld
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Hebréia Oliveira Almeida-Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Emília Rezende Vaz
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Luciana Machado Bastos
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Almeida Araújo Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Castro Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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2
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El Riz A, Tchoumi Neree A, Mousavifar L, Roy R, Chorfi Y, Mateescu MA. Metallo-Glycodendrimeric Materials against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2024; 12:966. [PMID: 38792795 PMCID: PMC11124148 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of carbohydrates to nanomaterials has been extensively studied and recognized as an alternative in the biomedical field. Dendrimers synthesized with mannose at the end group and with entrapped zero-valent copper/silver could be a potential candidate against bacterial proliferation. This study is aimed at investigating the bactericidal activity of metal-glycodendrimers. The Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction was used to synthesize a new mannosylated dendrimer containing 12 mannopyranoside residues in the periphery. The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbriae 4 (ETEC:F4) viability, measured at 600 nm, showed the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of metal-free glycodendrimers (D), copper-loaded glycodendrimers (D:Cu) and silver-loaded glycodendrimers (D:Ag) closed to 4.5 × 101, 3.5 × 101 and to 1.0 × 10-2 µg/mL, respectively, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of D, D:Cu and D:Ag of 2.0, 1.5 and 1.0 × 10-4 µg/mL, respectively. The release of bacteria contents onto broth and the inhibition of ETEC:F4 biofilm formation increased with the number of metallo-glycodendrimer materials, with a special interest in silver-containing nanomaterial, which had the highest activity, suggesting that glycodendrimer-based materials interfered with bacteria-bacteria or bacteria-polystyrene interactions, with bacteria metabolism and can disrupt bacteria cell walls. Our findings identify metal-mannose-dendrimers as potent bactericidal agents and emphasize the effect of entrapped zero-valent metal against ETEC:F4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly El Riz
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Armelle Tchoumi Neree
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (A.T.N.); (Y.C.)
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Leila Mousavifar
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
| | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Younes Chorfi
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (A.T.N.); (Y.C.)
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Mircea Alexandru Mateescu
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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3
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Fedrová P, Hrala M, Tom N, Micenková L, Nascimento AMA, Bosák J, Šmajs D. Complete genome sequences of five Escherichia coli strains with probiotic attributes. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0036323. [PMID: 37548468 PMCID: PMC10508162 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00363-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The complete genome sequences of five Escherichia coli strains with probiotic attributes were determined, including strain A0 34/86, a component of the probiotic product Colinfant New Born, and strains H22, 582, B771, and B1172 with published probiotic potential. The size of sequenced genomes ranged from 5,092 to 5,408 kb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Fedrová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Hrala
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Tom
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Micenková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andréa M. A. Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juraj Bosák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Šmajs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Mihailovskaya VS, Sutormin DA, Karipova MO, Trofimova AB, Mamontov VA, Severinov K, Kuznetsova MV. Bacteriocin-Producing Escherichia coli Q5 and C41 with Potential Probiotic Properties: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12636. [PMID: 37628817 PMCID: PMC10454217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Commensal bacteriocin-producing Escherichia coli are of interest for possible use as probiotics to selectively control the spread of pathogenic bacteria. Here, we evaluated the biosafety and efficacy of two new bacteriocin-producing E. coli strains, Q5 (VKM B-3706D) and C41 (VKM B-3707D), isolated from healthy farm animals. The genomes of both strains were sequenced, and genes responsible for the antagonistic and colonization abilities of each strain were identified. In vitro studies have shown that both strains were medium-adhesive and demonstrated antagonistic activity against most enteropathogens tested. Oral administration of 5 × 108 to 5 × 1010 colony-forming units of both strains to rats with drinking water did not cause any disease symptoms or side effects. Short-term (5 days) oral administration of both strains protected rats from colonization and pathogenic effects of a toxigenic beta-lactam-resistant strain of E. coli C55 and helped preserve intestinal homeostasis. Taken together, these in silico, in vitro, and in vivo data indicate that both strains (and especially E. coli Q5) can be potentially used for the prevention of colibacillosis in farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika S. Mihailovskaya
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva Street 13, 614081 Perm, Russia;
| | - Dmitry A. Sutormin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.S.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Marina O. Karipova
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Perm State Medical University Named after Academician E. A. Wagner, 614000 Perm, Russia;
| | - Anna B. Trofimova
- Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Victor A. Mamontov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.S.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Konstantin Severinov
- Waksman Institute for Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V. Kuznetsova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva Street 13, 614081 Perm, Russia;
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Perm State Medical University Named after Academician E. A. Wagner, 614000 Perm, Russia;
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5
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Guo P, Wang Z, Lv X, Wang X, Yu J, Tian X, Shan H, Qin Z. Changyanning regulates gut microbiota and metabolism to ameliorate intestinal injury induced by ETEC K88. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1098818. [PMID: 36778862 PMCID: PMC9909429 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1098818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common pathogen of swine colibacillosis, which can causing a variety of diseases initiate serious economic losses to the animal husbandry industry. The traditional Chinese medicine Changyanning (CYN) often used for diarrhea caused by the accumulation of damp heat in the gastrointestinal tract, has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation effects. This study investigated the effect of CYN on gut microbiota and metabolism in mice infected with ETEC K88. A total of 60 Kunming mices were divided into Control group, ETEC K88 group, CYN.L group (2.5 g/kg), CYN.M group (5 g/kg), CYN.H group (10 g/kg) and BTW group (10 g/kg), determined clinical symptoms, intestinal morphology, inflammatory responses, gut microbiota as well as serum metabolites. CYN administration elevated ETEC K88-induced body weight loss, ameliorated duodenum, ilem, colon pathological injury, and reduced the increase of spleen index caused by ETEC. CYN also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNE-α) in the serum. 16s rRNA gene sequencing results showed that CYN increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus but decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria Escherichia in the feces of mice. Moreover, CYN participates in amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism in the process of serum metabolism to regulates ameliorate intestinal injury induced by ETEC K88. In conclusion, CYN regulates gut microbiota and metabolism to ameliorate intestinal injury induced by ETEC K88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zongke Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojing Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuelei Tian
- QingDao Xnoba Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihua Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Zhihua Qin, ✉
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6
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Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici Reversed ETEC-Inducing Intestinal Inflammation in Mice. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122350. [PMID: 36557603 PMCID: PMC9783104 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microecological preparation could relieve Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88-induced diarrhea in piglets, but which bacteria play a key role and the mitigation mechanism have not been fully clarified. In this study, 36 male mice were randomly divided into six groups (CON, K88, BK (Bifidobacterium longum + K88), LK (Lactobacillus plantarum + K88), PK (Pediococcus acidilactici + K88), and MK (mixed strains + K88)) to explore the prevention mechanisms. Three probiotic strains and their mixtures (TPSM) significantly relieved the weight loss and restored the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum. Except for Bifidobacterium longum, other strains significantly decreased interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in mice serum. The TPSM treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokines and the Toll-like receptor and downstream gene (TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB) in jejunum induced by ETEC. Furthermore, the TPSM could restore dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota caused by ETEC. The intestinal microbiota analysis demonstrated that Bifidobacterium longum enriched the Bifidobacterium genus (p < 0.05), Lactobacillus plantarum enriched the Lactobacillus genus (p < 0.05), Pediococcus acidilactici enriched the Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group genus (p < 0.05), mixed bacteria enriched the Akkermansia genus (p < 0.05), but ETEC enriched the Desulfovibrio genus (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose and fructose metabolism, mannose metabolism and ABC transporters were increased with probiotics pre-treatment (p < 0.05). To sum up, the microecological preparation alleviated ETEC-induced diarrhea by regulating the immune response, rebalancing intestinal microbiota and improving carbohydrate metabolism.
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Castro J, Barros MM, Araújo D, Campos AM, Oliveira R, Silva S, Almeida C. Swine enteric colibacillosis: Current treatment avenues and future directions. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:981207. [PMID: 36387374 PMCID: PMC9650617 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.981207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteric colibacillosis is a common disease in nursing and weanling pigs. It is caused by the colonization of the small intestine by enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli (ETEC) that make use of specific fimbria or pili to adhere to the absorptive epithelial cells of the jejunum and ileum. Once attached, and when both the immunological systems and the gut microbiota are poorly developed, ETEC produce one or more enterotoxins that can have local and, further on, systemic effects. These enterotoxins cause fluid and electrolytes to be secreted into the intestinal lumen of animals, which results in diarrhea, dehydration, and acidosis. From the diversity of control strategies, antibiotics and zinc oxide are the ones that have contributed more significantly to mitigating post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) economic losses. However, concerns about antibiotic resistance determined the restriction on the use of critically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals and the prohibition of their use as growth promoters. As such, it is important now to begin the transition from these preventive/control measures to other, more sustainable, approaches. This review provides a quick synopsis of the currently approved and available therapies for PWD treatment while presenting an overview of novel antimicrobial strategies that are being explored for the control and treatment of this infection, including, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, organic acids, bacteriophages, spray-dried plasma, antibodies, phytogenic substances, antisense oligonucleotides, and aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Castro
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Maria Margarida Barros
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Daniela Araújo
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Campos
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Oliveira
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS – Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research (INIAV), Vila do Conde, Portugal
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS – Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Canibe N, Højberg O, Kongsted H, Vodolazska D, Lauridsen C, Nielsen TS, Schönherz AA. Review on Preventive Measures to Reduce Post-Weaning Diarrhoea in Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2585. [PMID: 36230326 PMCID: PMC9558551 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In many countries, medical levels of zinc (typically as zinc oxide) are added to piglet diets in the first two weeks post-weaning to prevent the development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD). However, high levels of zinc constitute an environmental polluting agent, and may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacteria. Consequently, the EU banned administering medical levels of zinc in pig diets as of June 2022. However, this may result in an increased use of antibiotic therapeutics to combat PWD and thereby an increased risk of further AMR development. The search for alternative measures against PWD with a minimum use of antibiotics and in the absence of medical levels of zinc has therefore been intensified over recent years, and feed-related measures, including feed ingredients, feed additives, and feeding strategies, are being intensively investigated. Furthermore, management strategies have been developed and are undoubtedly relevant; however, these will not be addressed in this review. Here, feed measures (and vaccines) are addressed, these being probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, proteobiotics, plants and plant extracts (in particular essential oils and tannins), macroalgae (particularly macroalgae-derived polysaccharides), dietary fibre, antimicrobial peptides, specific amino acids, dietary fatty acids, milk replacers, milk components, creep feed, vaccines, bacteriophages, and single-domain antibodies (nanobodies). The list covers measures with a rather long history and others that require significant development before their eventual use can be extended. To assess the potential of feed-related measures in combating PWD, the literature reviewed here has focused on studies reporting parameters of PWD (i.e., faeces score and/or faeces dry matter content during the first two weeks post-weaning). Although the impact on PWD (or related parameters) of the investigated measures may often be inconsistent, many studies do report positive effects. However, several studies have shown that control pigs do not suffer from diarrhoea, making it difficult to evaluate the biological and practical relevance of these improvements. From the reviewed literature, it is not possible to rank the efficacy of the various measures, and the efficacy most probably depends on a range of factors related to animal genetics and health status, additive doses used, composition of the feed, etc. We conclude that a combination of various measures is probably most recommendable in most situations. However, in this respect, it should be considered that combining strategies may lead to additive (e.g., synbiotics), synergistic (e.g., plant materials), or antagonistic (e.g., algae compounds) effects, requiring detailed knowledge on the modes of action in order to design effective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Canibe
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
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9
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Zhou X, Liu Y, Xiong X, Chen J, Tang W, He L, Zhang Z, Yin Y, Li F. Intestinal accumulation of microbiota-produced succinate caused by loss of microRNAs leads to diarrhea in weanling piglets. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2091369. [PMID: 35758253 PMCID: PMC9235893 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2091369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrheal disease is a common health problem with complex causality. Although diarrhea is accompanied by disturbances in microbial diversity, how gut microbes are involved in the occurrence of diarrhea remains largely unknown. Here, using a pig model of post-weaning stress-induced diarrhea, we aim to elucidate and enrich the mechanistic basis of diarrhea. We found significant alterations in fecal microbiome, their metabolites, and microRNAs levels in piglets with diarrhea. Specifically, loss of ssc-miRNA-425-5p and ssc-miRNA-423-3p, which inhibit the gene expression of fumarate reductase (frd) in Prevotella genus, caused succinate accumulation in piglets, which resulted in diarrhea. Single-cell RNA sequencing indicated impaired epithelial function and increased immune response in the colon of piglet with diarrhea. Notably, the accumulated succinate increased colonic fluid secretion by regulating transepithelial Cl-secretion in the epithelial cells. Meanwhile, succinate promoted colonic inflammatory responses by activating MyD88-dependent TLR4 signaling in the macrophages. Overall, our findings expand the mechanistic basis of diarrhea and suggest that colonic accumulation of microbiota-produced succinate caused by loss of miRNAs leads to diarrhea in weanling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yonghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingqing Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liuqin He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China,CONTACT Liuqin He
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Yulong Yin
| | - Fengna Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Fengna Li No 644, Yuanda 2nd Road, Furong District, Changsha, China
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10
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Parker JK, Davies BW. Microcins reveal natural mechanisms of bacterial manipulation to inform therapeutic development. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168:001175. [PMID: 35438625 PMCID: PMC10233263 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microcins are an understudied and poorly characterized class of antimicrobial peptides. Despite the existence of only 15 examples, all identified from the Enterobacteriaceae, microcins display diversity in sequence, structure, target cell uptake, cytotoxic mechanism of action and target specificity. Collectively, these features describe some of the unique means nature has contrived for molecules to cross the 'impermeable' barrier of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane and inflict cytotoxic effects. Microcins appear to be widely dispersed among different species and in different environments, where they function in regulating microbial communities in diverse ways, including through competition. Growing evidence suggests that microcins may be adapted for therapeutic uses such as antimicrobial drugs, microbiome modulators or facilitators of peptide uptake into cells. Advancing our biological, ecological and biochemical understanding of the roles of microcins in bacterial interactions, and learning how to regulate and modify microcin activity, is essential to enable such therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan William Davies
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- John Ring LaMontagne Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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11
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Wu Y, Nie C, Luo R, Qi F, Bai X, Chen H, Niu J, Chen C, Zhang W. Effects of Multispecies Probiotic on Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Barrier Function of Neonatal Calves Infected With E. coli K99. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:813245. [PMID: 35154038 PMCID: PMC8826468 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.813245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered gut microbiota are implicated in inflammatory neonatal calf diarrhea caused by E. coli K99. Beneficial probiotics are used to modulate gut microbiota. However, factors that mediate host-microbe interactions remain unclear. We evaluated the effects of a combination of multispecies probiotics (MSP) on growth, intestinal epithelial development, intestinal immune function and microbiota of neonatal calves infected with E. coli K99. Twelve newborn calves were randomly assigned as follows: C (control, without MSP); D (E. coli O78:K99 + gentamycin); and P (E. coli O78:K99 + supplemental MSP). All groups were studied for 21 d. MSP supplementation significantly (i) changed fungal Chao1 and Shannon indices of the intestine compared with group D; (ii) reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Actinobacteria, while increasing Bifidobacteria, Ascomycetes, and Saccharomyces, compared with groups C and D; (iii) improved duodenal and jejunal mucosal SIgA and total Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) concentrations compared with group D; (iv) increased relative ZO-1 and occludin mRNA expression in jejunal mucosa compared with group D; and (v) enhanced intestinal energy metabolism and defense mechanisms of calves by reducing HSP90 expression in E. coli K99, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response and promoting recovery of mucosal function. Our research may provide direct theoretical support for future applications of MSP in ruminant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Cunxi Nie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ruiqing Luo
- Xinjiang Tianshan Junken Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Shihezi, China
| | - Fenghua Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xue Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- Xinjiang Tianshan Junken Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Shihezi, China
| | - Junli Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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12
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Zamojska D, Nowak A, Nowak I, Macierzyńska-Piotrowska E. Probiotics and Postbiotics as Substitutes of Antibiotics in Farm Animals: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123431. [PMID: 34944208 PMCID: PMC8697875 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breeders are searching for methods to protect farming animals against diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The easiest way to fight bacteria is to use antibiotics. Unfortunately, their abuse results in the presence of bacteria resistant to the most commonly used antibiotics in the environment. The restrictions on the use of antibiotics have forced the search for natural and safe ways to protect animals. It has been shown that the use of probiotics based on lactic acid bacteria may have a positive effect on the growth and use of feed by broilers, on the stabilization of the intestinal microbiota of chickens and pigs, and in the prevention of mastitis in dairy cows. The use of probiotics (live, nonpathogenic microorganisms) and postbiotics (inanimate bacteria, cell components or post-fermentation by-products) reduces the occurrence of pathogens in large-scale farms. Abstract Since 2006, the use of growth-promoting antibiotics has been banned throughout the European Union. To meet the expectations of livestock farmers, various studies have been carried out with the use of lactic acid bacteria. Scientists are trying to obtain the antimicrobial effect against the most common pathogens in large-scale farms. Supplementing the diet of broilers with probiotics (live, nonpathogenic microorganisms) stabilized the intestinal microbiota, which improved the results of body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI). The positive effect of probiotics based on lactic acid bacteria has been shown to prevent the occurrence of diarrhea during piglet weaning. The antagonistic activity of postbiotics (inanimate bacteria, cell components, or post-fermentation by-products) from post-culture media after lactobacilli cultures has been proven on Staphylococcus aureus—the pathogen most often responsible for causing mastitis among dairy cows. The article aims to present the latest research examining the antagonistic effect of lactic acid bacteria on the most common pathogens in broilers, piglets, pigs, and cow farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Zamojska
- Polwet-Centrowet Sp. z o.o., M. Konopnickiej 21, 98-100 Lask, Poland;
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (A.N.)
| | - Adriana Nowak
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (A.N.)
| | - Ireneusz Nowak
- Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 8/12, 90-232 Lodz, Poland;
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13
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Mourand G, Paboeuf F, Grippon P, Lucas P, Bougeard S, Denamur E, Kempf I. Impact of Escherichia coli probiotic strains ED1a and Nissle 1917 on the excretion and gut carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli in pigs. Vet Anim Sci 2021; 14:100217. [PMID: 34825108 PMCID: PMC8604716 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The inoculated cefotaxime-resistant E. coli was a good pig gut colonizer. Probiotics could not reduce faecal excretion of resistant E. coli in inoculated pigs. Resistant E. coli titers were lower in digestive tracts of the probiotic-treated pigs. No transfer of the blaCTX−M-1 gene was detected.
We evaluated the impact of the administration of two Escherichia coli probiotic strains (ED1a and Nissle 1917) to pigs on the gut carriage or shedding of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli. The probiotics were given to four sows from 12 days before farrowing to the weaning day, and to the 23 piglets (infected treated group (IPro)) from birth to the age of 49 days. Four other sows and their 24 piglets (infected non-treated group (INT)) did not receive the probiotics. IPro and INT piglets (n = 47) were orally inoculated with the strain E. coli 17–348F-RifR carrying the blaCTX−M-1 gene and resistant to rifampicin. Cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) E. coli and rifampicin-resistant (RifR) E. coli were cultured and excretion of probiotics was studied using PCR on individual faecal and post-mortem samples, and from manure collected after the challenge with resistant E. coli. CTXR and RifRE.coli isolates were characterized to detect transfer of the blaCTX−M-1 to other strains.. Overall, there was no significant reduction in faecal excretion of CTXR and RifRE. coli in IPro pigs compared with INT pigs, although the CTXR and RifRE. coli titres were slightly, but significantly lower in the colon, caecum and rectum at post mortem. Excretion of the probiotics decreased with age, but Nissle 1917 was detected in most pigs at post-mortem. No transfer of the blaCTX−M-1 gene to probiotic and other E. coli strains was detected. In conclusion, in our experimental conditions, the used probiotics did not reduce shedding of the challenge strain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Paboeuf
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | - Pauline Grippon
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | - Pierrick Lucas
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | | | - Erick Denamur
- Université de Paris, IAME, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Kempf
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
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