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Lu SY, Liu S, Patel MH, Glenzinski KM, Skory CD. Saccharomyces cerevisiae surface display of endolysin LysKB317 for control of bacterial contamination in corn ethanol fermentations. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1162720. [PMID: 37091344 PMCID: PMC10117863 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1162720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of bacterial contamination in bioethanol fermentation facilities has traditionally relied on chemical-based products such as hop acids and use of antibiotics. Recent emphasis on antibiotic stewardship has prompted new research into the development of alternative approaches to microbial remediation strategies. We recently described a recombinant peptidoglycan hydrolase, endolysin LysKB317, which inhibited Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains in corn mash fermentation. Here, Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100 was used to anchor recombinant LysKB317 using cell surface display with the a-agglutinin proteins Aga1p–Aga2p. Immunostaining and confocal fluorescence were used for localization of the extracellular interface of the cells. Yeast surface-expressed endolysin demonstrated an 83.8% decrease in bacterial cell counts compared to a 9.5% decrease in control yeast. Recombinant S. cerevisiae expressing LysKB317 used for small-scale corn mash fermentation, when infected with L. fermentum, could proactively control bacterial infection for 72 h with at least 1-log fold reduction. Analysis of fermentation products showed improved ethanol concentrations from 3.4% to at least 5.9% compared to the infection-only control and reduced levels of lactic and acetic acid from 34.7 mM to 13.8 mM and 25.5 mM to 18.1 mM, respectively. In an optimized yeast surface display system, proactive treatment of bacterial contaminants by endolysin LysKB317 can improve fermentation efficiency in the presence of L. fermentum contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yeh Lu
- Renewable Product Technology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Shao-Yeh Lu,
| | - Siqing Liu
- Renewable Product Technology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, United States
| | - Maulik H. Patel
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Kristina M. Glenzinski
- Renewable Product Technology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, United States
| | - Christopher D. Skory
- Renewable Product Technology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, United States
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Teymennet-Ramírez KV, Martínez-Morales F, Trejo-Hernández MR. Yeast Surface Display System: Strategies for Improvement and Biotechnological Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:794742. [PMID: 35083204 PMCID: PMC8784408 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast surface display (YSD) is a “whole-cell” platform used for the heterologous expression of proteins immobilized on the yeast’s cell surface. YSD combines the advantages eukaryotic systems offer such as post-translational modifications, correct folding and glycosylation of proteins, with ease of cell culturing and genetic manipulation, and allows of protein immobilization and recovery. Additionally, proteins displayed on the surface of yeast cells may show enhanced stability against changes in temperature, pH, organic solvents, and proteases. This platform has been used to study protein-protein interactions, antibody design and protein engineering. Other applications for YSD include library screening, whole-proteome studies, bioremediation, vaccine and antibiotics development, production of biosensors, ethanol production and biocatalysis. YSD is a promising technology that is not yet optimized for biotechnological applications. This mini review is focused on recent strategies to improve the efficiency and selection of displayed proteins. YSD is presented as a cutting-edge technology for the vectorial expression of proteins and peptides. Finally, recent biotechnological applications are summarized. The different approaches described herein could allow for a better strategy cascade for increasing protein/peptide interaction and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla V Teymennet-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mėxico
| | - Fernando Martínez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mėxico
| | - María R Trejo-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mėxico
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Yang X, Tang H, Song M, Shen Y, Hou J, Bao X. Development of novel surface display platforms for anchoring heterologous proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:85. [PMID: 31103030 PMCID: PMC6525377 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell surface display of recombinant proteins has become a powerful tool for biotechnology and biomedical applications. As a model eukaryotic microorganism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal candidate for surface display of heterologous proteins. However, the frequently used commercial yeast surface display system, the a-agglutinin anchor system, often results in low display efficiency. Results We initially reconstructed the a-agglutinin system by replacing two anchor proteins with one anchor protein. By directly fusing the target protein to the N-terminus of Aga1p and inserting a flexible linker, the display efficiency almost doubled, and the activity of reporter protein α-galactosidase increased by 39%. We also developed new surface display systems. Six glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored cell wall proteins were selected to construct the display systems. Among them, Dan4p and Sed1p showed higher display efficiency than the a-agglutinin anchor system. Linkers were also inserted to eliminate the effects of GPI fusion on the activity of the target protein. We further used the newly developed Aga1p, Dan4p systems and Sed1p system to display exoglucanase and a relatively large protein β-glucosidase, and found that Aga1p and Dan4p were more suitable for immobilizing large proteins. Conclusion Our study developed novel efficient yeast surface display systems, that will be attractive tools for biotechnological and biomedical applications Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1133-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Qi Lu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
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Padkina MV, Sambuk EV. Prospects for the Application of Yeast Display in Biotechnology and Cell Biology (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683818040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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5
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Joseph G, Wang L. Production of Biofuels from Biomass by Fungi. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90379-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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6
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Selwal KK, Li YF, Yu Z. Functional display of amylase on yeast surface from Rhizopus oryzae as a novel enzyme delivery method. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2017.1369098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishan K. Selwal
- Department of Biotechnology, DCR University of Science & Technology, Murthal (Sonepat), Haryana, India
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yueh-Fen Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhongtang Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Bertrand B, Martínez-Morales F, Trejo-Hernández MR. Upgrading Laccase Production and Biochemical Properties: Strategies and Challenges. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1015-1034. [PMID: 28393483 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Improving laccases continues to be crucial in novel biotechnological developments and industrial applications, where they are concerned. This review breaks down and explores the potential of the strategies (conventional and modern) that can be used for laccase enhancement (increased production and upgraded biochemical properties such as stability and catalytic efficiency). The challenges faced with these approaches are briefly discussed. We also shed light on how these strategies merge and give rise to new options and advances in this field of work. Additionally, this article seeks to serve as a guide for students and academic researchers interested in laccases. This document not only gives basic information on laccases, but also provides updated information on the state of the art of various technologies that are used in this line of investigation. It also gives the readers an idea of the areas extensively studied and the areas where there is still much left to be done. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:1015-1034, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandt Bertrand
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62209, México
| | - Fernando Martínez-Morales
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62209, México
| | - María R Trejo-Hernández
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62209, México
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Mei M, Zhou Y, Peng W, Yu C, Ma L, Zhang G, Yi L. Application of modified yeast surface display technologies for non-Antibody protein engineering. Microbiol Res 2017; 196:118-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Bhardwaj KK, Gupta R. Synthesis of Chirally Pure Enantiomers by Lipase. J Oleo Sci 2017; 66:1073-1084. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reena Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University
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10
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Functional expression, production, and biochemical characterization of a laccase using yeast surface display technology. Fungal Biol 2016; 120:1609-1622. [PMID: 27890094 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A Trametes versicolor laccase was functionally expressed on the membrane surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100. Laccase expression was increased 6.57-fold by medium optimization and surpassed production by the native strain. Maximal laccase and biomass production reached 19 735 ± 1719 Ug-1 and 6.22 ± 0.53 gL-1 respectively, after 2 d of culture. Optimum oxidization of all substrates by laccase was observed at pH 3. Laccase showed high affinity towards substrates used with Km (mM) and Vmax (μmol min-1) values of 0.57 ± 0.0047 and 24.55 ± 0.64, 1.52 ± 0.52 and 9.25 ± 1.78, and 2.67 ± 0.12 and 11.26 ± 0.75, were reported for ABTS, 2, 6-DMP and GUA, respectively. EDTA and NaN3 displayed none competitive inhibition towards laccase activity. The optimum temperature for activity was 50 °C; however, the enzyme was stable over a wide range of temperatures (25-70 °C). The biologically immobilized laccase showed high reusability towards phenolic substrates and low reusability with non-phenolic substrates. High affinity for a diversity phenolic compounds and great ethanol tolerance substantiates this laccase/yeast biocatalyst potential for application in the production of bioethanol.
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Abstract
Cell surface display of proteins/peptides has been established based on mechanisms of localizing proteins to the cell surface. In contrast to conventional intracellular and extracellular (secretion) expression systems, this method, generally called an arming technology, is particularly effective when using yeasts as a host, because the control of protein folding that is often required for the preparation of proteins can be natural. This technology can be employed for basic and applied research purposes. In this review, I describe various strategies for the construction of engineered yeasts and provide an outline of the diverse applications of this technology to industrial processes such as the production of biofuels and chemicals, as well as bioremediation and health-related processes. Furthermore, this technology is suitable for novel protein engineering and directed evolution through high-throughput screening, because proteins/peptides displayed on the cell surface can be directly analyzed using intact cells without concentration and purification. Functional proteins/peptides with improved or novel functions can be created using this beneficial, powerful, and promising technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi Ueda
- a Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Japan
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12
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Li W, Shi H, Ding H, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang F. Cell Surface Display and Characterization of Rhizopus oryzae Lipase in Pichia pastoris Using Sed1p as an Anchor Protein. Curr Microbiol 2015; 71:150-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Miura N, Kuroda K, Ueda M. Enzyme Evolution by Yeast Cell Surface Engineering. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1319:217-232. [PMID: 26060078 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2748-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Artificial evolution of proteins with the aim of acquiring novel or improved functionality is important for practical applications of the proteins. We have developed yeast cell surface engineering methods (or arming technology) for evolving enzymes. Here, we have described yeast cell surface engineering coupled with in vivo homologous recombination and library screening as a method for the artificial evolution of enzymes such as firefly luciferases. Using this method, novel luciferases with improved substrate specificity and substrate reactivity were engineered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Miura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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14
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Eby JM, Peretti SW. Characterization, performance, and applications of a yeast surface display-based biocatalyst. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16304d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast surface display (YSD) of two lipases. Measured expression level and copy number. Synthetic and hydrolytic activity comparable to commercial lipase. Cost analysis of YSD system vs. commercial formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Eby
- North Carolina State University
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - S. W. Peretti
- North Carolina State University
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Raleigh
- USA
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Song J, Liang B, Han D, Tang X, Lang Q, Feng R, Han L, Liu A. Bacterial cell-surface displaying of thermo-tolerant glutamate dehydrogenase and its application in L-glutamate assay. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 70:72-8. [PMID: 25659635 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, glutamate dehydrogenase (Gldh) is reported to efficiently display on Escherichia coli cell surface by using N-terminal region of ice the nucleation protein as an anchoring motif. The presence of Gldh was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and enzyme activity assay. Gldh was detected mainly in the outer membrane fraction, suggesting that the Gldh was displayed on the bacterial cell surface. The optimal temperature and pH for the bacteria cell-surface displayed Gldh (bacteria-Gldh) were 70°C and 9.0, respectively. Additionally, the fusion protein retained almost 100% of its initial enzymatic activity after 1 month incubation at 4°C. Transition metal ions could inhibit the enzyme activity to different extents, while common anions had little adverse effect on enzyme activity. Importantly, the displayed Gldh is most specific to l-glutamate reported so far. The bacterial Gldh was enabled to catalyze oxidization of l-glutamate with NADP(+) as cofactor, and the resultant NADPH can be detected spectrometrically at 340nm. The bacterial-Gldh based l-glutamate assay was established, where the absorbance at 340nm increased linearly with the increasing l-glutamate concentration within the range of 10-400μM. Further, the proposed approach was successfully applied to measure l-glutamate in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Biosensing, and Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, and Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Dongfei Han
- Laboratory for Biosensing, and Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiangjiang Tang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, and Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Qiaolin Lang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, and Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ruirui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Aihua Liu
- Laboratory for Biosensing, and Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Kovalenko GA, Perminova LV, Beklemishev AB, Tkachenko VI. Study on physicochemical properties of biocatalysts with thermostable lipase activity and final products of triglycerides’ interesterification. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683814070047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Schüürmann J, Quehl P, Festel G, Jose J. Bacterial whole-cell biocatalysts by surface display of enzymes: toward industrial application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:8031-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Duquesne S, Bozonnet S, Bordes F, Dumon C, Nicaud JM, Marty A. Construction of a highly active xylanase displaying oleaginous yeast: comparison of anchoring systems. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95128. [PMID: 24743311 PMCID: PMC3990623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three Yarrowia lipolytica cell wall proteins (YlPir, YlCWP1 and YlCBM) were evaluated for their ability to display the xylanase TxXYN from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus on the cell surface of Y. lipolytica. The fusion proteins were produced in Y. lipolytica JMY1212, a strain engineered for mono-copy chromosomal insertion, and enabling accurate comparison of anchoring systems. The construction using YlPir enabled cell bound xylanase activity to be maximised (71.6 U/g). Although 48% of the activity was released in the supernatant, probably due to proteolysis at the fusion zone, this system is three times more efficient for the anchoring of TxXYN than the YlCWP1 system formerly developed for Y. lipolytica. As far as we know it represents the best displayed xylanase activity ever published. It could be an attractive alternative anchoring system to display enzymes in Y. lipolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Duquesne
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Sophie Bozonnet
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Bordes
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Dumon
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marc Nicaud
- INRA, UMR1319 Micalis, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alain Marty
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
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Kuroda K, Ueda M. Arming Technology in Yeast-Novel Strategy for Whole-cell Biocatalyst and Protein Engineering. Biomolecules 2013; 3:632-50. [PMID: 24970185 PMCID: PMC4030959 DOI: 10.3390/biom3030632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface display of proteins/peptides, in contrast to the conventional intracellular expression, has many attractive features. This arming technology is especially effective when yeasts are used as a host, because eukaryotic modifications that are often required for functional use can be added to the surface-displayed proteins/peptides. A part of various cell wall or plasma membrane proteins can be genetically fused to the proteins/peptides of interest to be displayed. This technology, leading to the generation of so-called "arming technology", can be employed for basic and applied research purposes. In this article, we describe various strategies for the construction of arming yeasts, and outline the diverse applications of this technology to industrial processes such as biofuel and chemical productions, pollutant removal, and health-related processes, including oral vaccines. In addition, arming technology is suitable for protein engineering and directed evolution through high-throughput screening that is made possible by the feature that proteins/peptides displayed on cell surface can be directly analyzed using intact cells without concentration and purification. Actually, novel proteins/peptides with improved or developed functions have been created, and development of diagnostic/therapeutic antibodies are likely to benefit from this powerful approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Kuroda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Nuylert A, Hongpattarakere T. Improvement of cell-bound lipase from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa P11I89 for use as a methanol-tolerant, whole-cell biocatalyst for production of palm-oil biodiesel. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Pan XX, Xu L, Zhang Y, Xiao X, Wang XF, Liu Y, Zhang HJ, Yan YJ. Efficient display of active Geotrichum sp. lipase on Pichia pastoris cell wall and its application as a whole-cell biocatalyst to enrich EPA and DHA in fish oil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:9673-9679. [PMID: 22934819 DOI: 10.1021/jf301827y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Geotrichum sp. lipase (GSL) was first displayed on the cell wall of Pichia pastoris on the basis of the a-agglutinin anchor system developed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Surface display levels were monitored using Western blotting, immunofluorescence miscroscopy, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Lipase activity of the yeast whole cells reached a maximum at 273 ± 2.4 U/g of dry cells toward olive oil after 96 h of culture at 30 °C, with optimal pH and temperature at 7.5 and 45 °C, respectively. Displayed GSL exhibited relatively high stability between pH 6.0 and 8.0 and retained >70% of the maximum activity. The surface-displayed lipase retained 80% of its original activity after incubation at 45 °C for 4 h. Moreover, the GSL-displaying yeast whole cells were then used as a biocatalyst to enrich eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil on the basis of selective hydrolysis. As a result, EPA and DHA increased from 1.53 and 24.1% in the original fish oil to 1.85 and 30.86%, which were increases of 1.21- and 1.29-fold, respectively. The total yield of EPA and DHA reached 46.62%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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23
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Recent developments in yeast cell surface display toward extended applications in biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:577-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Jin Z, Ntwali J, Han SY, Zheng SP, Lin Y. Production of flavor esters catalyzed by CALB-displaying Pichia pastoris whole-cells in a batch reactor. J Biotechnol 2012; 159:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Gera N, Hussain M, Rao BM. Protein selection using yeast surface display. Methods 2012; 60:15-26. [PMID: 22465794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding proteins are typically isolated from combinatorial libraries of scaffold proteins using one of the many library screening tools available, such as phage display, yeast surface display or mRNA display. A key principle underlying these screening technologies is the establishment of a link between each unique mutant protein and its corresponding genetic code. The mutant proteins binding a desired target species are separated and subsequently identified using the genetic code. In this review, we largely focus on the use of yeast surface display for the isolation of binding proteins from combinatorial libraries. In yeast surface display, the yeast cell links the mutant protein to its coding DNA. Each yeast cell expresses the mutant proteins as fusions to a yeast cell wall protein; the yeast cell also carries plasmid DNA that codes for the mutant protein. Over the years, the yeast surface display platform has emerged as a powerful tool for protein engineering, and has been used in a variety of applications including affinity maturation, epitope mapping and biophysical characterization of proteins. Here we present a broad overview of the yeast surface display system and its applications, and compare it with other contemporary screening platforms. Further, we present detailed protocols for the use of yeast surface display to isolate de novo binding proteins from combinatorial libraries, and subsequent biophysical characterization of binders. These protocols can also be easily modified for affinity maturation of the isolated de novo binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimish Gera
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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26
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Combination of site-directed mutagenesis and yeast surface display enhances Rhizomucor miehei lipase esterification activity in organic solvent. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 33:2431-8. [PMID: 21809089 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
To increase the activity of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) in organic solvent, multiple sequence alignments and rational site-directed mutagenesis were used to create RML variants. The obtained proteins were surface-displayed on Pichia pastoris by fusion to Flo1p as an anchor protein. The synthetic activity of four variants showed from 1.1- to 5-fold the activity of native lipase in an esterification reaction in heptane with alcohol and caproic acid as substrates. The increase in esterification activity may be attributed to the four mutations changing the flexibility of RML or facilitating the reaction. In conclusion, this method demonstrated that multiple sequence alignments and rational site-directed mutagenesis combined with yeast display technology is a faster and more effective means of obtaining high-efficiency esterification lipase variants compared with previous similar methods.
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27
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Yoshida A, Hama S, Nakashima K, Kondo A. Water activity dependence of performance of surface-displayed lipase in yeast cells: A unique water requirement for enzymatic synthetic reaction in organic media. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 48:334-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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UEDA M. Development of Revolutionary Enzymatic Reactions in Organic Solvents with Molecular Display. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2010; 130:1479-85. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.130.1479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi UEDA
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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29
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Prakash R, Aulakh SS, Kalra R. Effect of frying time on free fatty acid generation and esterification rate inAspergillussp.-catalyzed transesterification of cottonseed oil. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2010.524698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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HAN SY, HAN ZL, LIN Y, ZHENG SP. Construction of High Efficiency Pichia pastoris Surface Display System Based on Flo1 Protein*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2009.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Technical methods to improve yield, activity and stability in the development of microbial lipases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Inaba C, Maekawa K, Morisaka H, Kuroda K, Ueda M. Efficient synthesis of enantiomeric ethyl lactate by Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB)-displaying yeasts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 83:859-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-1931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Highly efficient synthesis of ethyl hexanoate catalyzed by CALB-displaying Saccharomyces cerevisiae whole-cells in non-aqueous phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Creation of a novel peptide endowing yeasts with acid tolerance using yeast cell-surface engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 82:105-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1761-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Jin G, Bierma TJ, Hamaker CG, Mucha R, Schola V, Stewart J, Wade C. Use of a whole-cell biocatalyst to produce biodiesel in a water-containing system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2009; 44:21-28. [PMID: 19085591 DOI: 10.1080/10934520802515202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the use of a whole-cell biocatalyst to transesterify triglycerides, including high-Free Fatty Acid (FFA) waste greases, in a water-containing system. The whole-cell biocatalyst derived from Rhizopus oryzae (ATCC10260) was grown and reacted at room temperature without immobilization. The effectiveness of improving biodiesel yield through alteration of reaction temperature, additional alcohol, and additional transesterification reaction was also examined. Results showed that whole-cell biocatalyst was able to produce biodiesel with a yield of about 75% for virgin canola oil, 80% for waste vegetable oil and 55% for brown grease with a 72-hr transesterification reaction using no excess methanol. Elevating the reaction temperature to 35 degrees C significantly diminished the yield. An additional dose of methanol with another 24 hours of reaction time or a second 72-hr reaction resulted in biodiesel yield approaching 90% and only 3% residual glycerides (mono-, di- and tri-glycerides). These results suggest that whole-cell biocatalysts are able to transesterify waste oils or greases that are high in FFA and contain water. Brown (trap) grease and similar degraded or complex greases may be good candidates for further whole-cell biocatalyst research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Jin
- Department of Health Sciences, Environmental Health Program, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
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36
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Jin G, Bierma TJ, Hamaker CG, Rhykerd R, Loftus LA. Producing biodiesel using whole-cell biocatalysts in separate hydrolysis and methanolysis reactions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2008; 43:589-595. [PMID: 18393066 DOI: 10.1080/10934520801893576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This research examined the effect of using separate hydrolysis and methanolysis reactions for biodiesel production using a whole-cell biocatalysts derived from Rhizopus Oryzae (ATCC 10260). Biodiesel yield from separate hydrolysis and methanolysis was compared to transesterification reactions where both hydrolysis and methanolysis reactions occur in the same reactor. All reactions were conducted at room temperature. The effect of substituting ethanol for methanol was also studied. Separating the hydrolysis and methanolysis reactions did not significantly increase biodiesel yields; however, this approach successfully converted about 99% of triglycerides into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and free fatty acids (FFA). Use of ethanol in place of methanol did not significantly improve the biodiesel yield. However, there is evidence that ethanol may either esterify FFA more quickly than methanol, or result in a more stable ester. The best biodiesel yield was about 90% when a transesterification reaction using methanol was followed by one hydrolysis and one ethanolysis reaction; however, this is only slightly higher than the 88% biodiesel yield of two transesterification reactions in series (using methanol as alcohol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Jin
- Environmental Health Program, Department of Health Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, USA.
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37
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Cao Y, Yang P, Shi P, Wang Y, Luo H, Meng K, Zhang Z, Wu N, Yao B, Fan Y. Purification and characterization of a novel protease-resistant α-galactosidase from Rhizopus sp. F78 ACCC 30795. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Qian Z, Fields CJ, Yu Y, Lutz S. Recent progress in engineering alpha/beta hydrolase-fold family members. Biotechnol J 2007; 2:192-200. [PMID: 17183507 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The members of the alpha/beta hydrolase-fold family represent a functionally versatile group of enzymes with many important applications in biocatalysis. Given the technical significance of alpha/beta hydrolases in processes ranging from the kinetic resolution of enantiomeric precursors for pharmaceutical compounds to bulk products such as laundry detergent, optimizing and tailoring enzymes for these applications presents an ongoing challenge to chemists, biochemists, and engineers alike. A review of the recent literature on alpha/beta hydrolase engineering suggests that the early successes of "random processes" such as directed evolution are now being slowly replaced by more hypothesis-driven, focused library approaches. These developments reflect a better understanding of the enzymes' structure-function relationship and improved computational resources, which allow for more sophisticated search and prediction algorithms, as well as, in a very practical sense, the realization that bigger is not always better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qian
- Emory University, Department of Chemistry, Atlanta, GA, USA
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39
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Gai SA, Wittrup KD. Yeast surface display for protein engineering and characterization. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2007; 17:467-73. [PMID: 17870469 PMCID: PMC4038029 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2007.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Yeast surface display is being employed to engineer desirable properties into proteins for a broad variety of applications. Labeling with soluble ligands enables rapid and quantitative analysis of yeast-displayed libraries by flow cytometry, while cell-surface selections allow screening of libraries with insoluble or even as-yet-uncharacterized binding targets. In parallel, the utilization of yeast surface display for protein characterization, including in particular the mapping of functional epitopes mediating protein–protein interactions, represents a significant recent advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Annie Gai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room E19-563, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room E19-563, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room E19-563, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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40
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Salameh M, Wiegel J. Lipases from extremophiles and potential for industrial applications. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2007; 61:253-83. [PMID: 17448792 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(06)61007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moh'd Salameh
- Microbiology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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41
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Kadonosono T, Kato M, Ueda M. Substrate specificity of rat brain neurolysin disclosed by molecular display system and putative substrates in rat tissues. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:1353-60. [PMID: 17401561 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To search for the substrates, other than neurotensin, of rat brain neurolysin, a novel method of determining peptidase activity was developed using a yeast molecular display system. This is a useful and convenient method of handling homogenously pure proteins to evaluate the properties of neurolysin. The neurolysin gene was ligated to the C-terminal half of the alpha-agglutinin gene with a FLAG tag sequence and a yeast cell-surface molecular displaying plasmid was constructed. Display of neurolysin with correct folding and appropriate activity was verified by immunofluorescence staining and activity measurement of a bradykinin-related peptide. The cleavage sites of peptides were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The results showed the amino acid preferences of hydrophobic, aromatic, and basic residues, which were the same as those of soluble neurolysin. Moreover, this method clearly showed the presence of two recognition motifs in neurolysin. By using these motifs, novel substrate candidates of neurolysin in rat tissues were screened, and several bioactive peptides that regulate feeding were found. We also discussed the ubiquitous distribution of neurolysin in rat tissues and the functions of substrate candidate peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kadonosono
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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42
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Kato M, Fuchimoto J, Tanino T, Kondo A, Fukuda H, Ueda M. Preparation of a whole-cell biocatalyst of mutated Candida antarctica lipase B (mCALB) by a yeast molecular display system and its practical properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:549-55. [PMID: 17262207 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2006] [Revised: 12/25/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To prepare a whole-cell biocatalyst of a stable lipase at a low price, mutated Candida antarctica lipase B (mCALB) constructed on the basis of the primary sequences of CALBs from C. antarctica CBS 6678 strain and from C. antarctica LF 058 strain was displayed on a yeast cell surface by alpha-agglutinin as the anchor protein for easy handling and stability of the enzyme. When mCALB was displayed on the yeast cell surface, it showed a preference for short chain fatty acids, an advantage for producing flavors; although when Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL) was displayed, the substrate specificity was for middle chain lengths. When the thermal stability of mCALB on the cell surface was compared with that of ROL on a cell surface, T (1/2), the temperature required to give a residual activity of 50% for heat treatment of 30 min, was 60 degrees C for mCALB and 44 degrees C for ROL indicating that mCALB displayed on cell surface has a higher thermal stability. Furthermore, the activity of the displayed mCALB against p-nitrophenyl butyrate was 25-fold higher than that of soluble CALB, as reported previously. These findings suggest that mCALB-displaying yeast is more practical for industrial use as the whole-cell biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Kato
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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