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Jariyapan P, Mattayaphutron S, Gillani SN, Shafique O. Factors Influencing the Behavioural Intention to Use Cryptocurrency in Emerging Economies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Based on Technology Acceptance Model 3, Perceived Risk, and Financial Literacy. Front Psychol 2022; 12:814087. [PMID: 35222164 PMCID: PMC8864142 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.814087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptocurrency could redefine the interplay of Internet-connected world markets by eliminating constraints set by traditional local currencies and exchange rates. It has the potential to revolutionise digital markets through the use of duty-free trading. This study investigates the factors which influence the behavioural intention to use cryptocurrency based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM 3) during the COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2) pandemic. Data were collected through a cross-sectional questionnaire from 357 Pakistani business-educated adults, including investors who had a rudimentary understanding of the technology and financial instruments. Partial least square (PLS)-based structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the developed theoretical framework based on the Technology acceptance model 3. The PLS model has explained 72.1% of what constitutes the behavioural intention to use cryptocurrency. Surprisingly, risk was not a major consideration. This might be due to the fact that the majority of respondents thought working with cryptocurrency was hazardous. Willingness to handle cryptocurrency risk, on the other hand, might be a stumbling block to acceptance. The most essential aspect of a cryptocurrency's success was the perceived usefulness. Moreover, the moderating role of experience was not substantiated in this study. However, perceived usefulness was identified as a partial mediator of subjective norm and the perceived ease to use. This study contributed to the literature through the application of TAM 3 (an extension of the technology acceptance models) to investigate the fundamental qualities a cryptocurrency should have in order to influence investor's behavioural intention to use it. These findings provide revolutionary insights for the present and future market players for investment planning and for improved cryptocurrencies development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapatchon Jariyapan
- King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Business School, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchira Mattayaphutron
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Syeda Noorzahrah Gillani
- Institute of Business, Management and Administrative Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Owais Shafique
- Department of Islamic and Conventional Banking, Centre of Excellence in Inclusive and Sustainable Finance, Institute of Business, Management and Administrative Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Structural Characterization of a Unique Peptide in Porin: An Approach Towards Specific Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lin X, Xiao G, Luo D, Kong L, Chen X, Sun D, Yan J. Chimeric epitope vaccine against Leptospira interrogans infection and induced specific immunity in guinea pigs. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:241. [PMID: 27737644 PMCID: PMC5064800 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptospirosis is an important reemerging zoonosis, with more than half a million cases reported annually, and is caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Development of a universal vaccine is one of the major strategic goals to overcome the disease burden of leptospirosis. In this study, a chimeric multi-epitope protein-based vaccine was designed and tested for its potency to induce a specific immune response and provide protection against L. interrogans infection. Results The protein, containing four repeats of six T- and B-cell combined epitopes from the leptospiral outer membrane proteins, OmpL1, LipL32 and LipL21, was expressed and purified. Western blot analysis showed that the recombinant protein (named r4R) mainly expressed in a soluble pattern, and reacted with antibodies raised in rabbit against heat-killed Leptospira and in guinea pigs against the r4R vaccine. Microscopic agglutination tests showed that r4R antisera was immunological cross-reactive with a range of Chinese standard reference strains of Leptospira belonging to different serogroups. In guinea pigs, the r4R vaccine induced a Th1-biased immune response, as reflected by the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio and cytokine production of stimulated splenocytes derived from immunized animals. Finally, r4R-immunized guinea pigs showed increased survival of lethal Leptospira challenges compared with PBS-immunized animals and tissue damage and leptospiral colonization of the kidney were reduced. Conclusions The multi-epitope chimeric r4R protein is a promising antigen for the development of a universal cross-reactive vaccine against leptospirosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0852-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu'ai Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guohui Xiao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjiao Luo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Kong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexter Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New York Presbyterian Hospital and Hospital for Special Surgery, Cornell University Weill Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Guo P, Zhang J, Tsai S, Li B, Lo SC. Developing Peptide Mimotopes of Capsular Polysaccharides and Lipopolysaccharides Protective Antigens of Pathogenic Burkholderia Bacteria. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2016; 35:125-34. [PMID: 27328059 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2015.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP) and Burkholderia mallei (BM) are two species of pathogenic Burkholderia bacteria. Our laboratory previously identified four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that reacted against Burkholderia capsular polysaccharides (PS) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and effectively protected against a lethal dose of BP/BM infections in mice. In this study, we used phage display panning against three different phage peptide libraries to select phage clones specifically recognized by each of the four protective MAbs. After sequencing a total of 179 candidate phage clones, we examined in detail six selected phage clones carrying different peptide inserts for the specificity of binding by the respective target MAbs. Chemically synthesized peptides corresponding to those displayed by the six phage clones were conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin carrier protein and tested for their binding specificity to the respective protective MAbs. The study revealed that four of the six peptides, all derived from the library displaying dodecapeptides, functioned well as "mimotopes" of Burkholderia PS and LPS as demonstrated by a high degree of specific competition against the binding of three protective MAbs to BP and BM. Our results suggest that the four selected peptide mimics corresponding to PS/LPS protective antigens of BP and BM could potentially be developed into peptide vaccines against pathogenic Burkholderia bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Guo
- Tissue Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research , Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jing Zhang
- Tissue Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research , Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Shien Tsai
- Tissue Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research , Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Bingjie Li
- Tissue Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research , Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Shyh-Ching Lo
- Tissue Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research , Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Thong KL, Tang SS, Tan WS, Devi S. Peptide Mimotopes of Complex Carbohydrates inSalmonella entericaSerovar Typhi Which React with Both Carbohydrate-Specific Monoclonal Antibody and Polyclonal Sera from Typhoid Patients. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 51:1045-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwai-Lin Thong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Swee-Seong Tang
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Wen-Siang Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; University Putra Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Shamala Devi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Weiss-Ottolenghi Y, Gershoni JM. Profiling the IgOme: meeting the challenge. FEBS Lett 2013; 588:318-25. [PMID: 24239539 PMCID: PMC7094557 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The entire repertoire of antibodies in our serum, the IgOme, is a historical record of our past experiences and a reflection of our immune status at any given moment. Understanding the dynamics of the IgOme and how the diversity and specificities of serum antibodies change in response to disease and maintenance of homeostasis can directly impact the ability to design and develop novel vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics. Here we review both direct and indirect methodologies that are being developed to map the complexity and specificities of the antibodies in polyclonal serum - the IgOme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Weiss-Ottolenghi
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Jonathan M Gershoni
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Ahmadi H, Tabaraie B, Maleknia S, Shapouri R, Nejati M, Pour Mirza Gholi F, Hedayati M, Sadati M, Zahednia S, Sharifat Salmani A. Immunological evaluation of Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica subsp. Typhi vaccine by serum bactericidal assay. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:283-286. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.047159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Ahmadi
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - B. Tabaraie
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Maleknia
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - R. Shapouri
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - M. Nejati
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Pour Mirza Gholi
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Hedayati
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Sadati
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Zahednia
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Sharifat Salmani
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines & Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Van Nieuwenhove L, Büscher P, Balharbi F, Humbert M, Dieltjens T, Guisez Y, Lejon V. Identification of mimotopes with diagnostic potential for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense variant surface glycoproteins using human antibody fractions. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1682. [PMID: 22720103 PMCID: PMC3373652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, screening of the population at risk for gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is based on detection of antibodies against native variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) of Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) gambiense. Drawbacks of these native VSGs include culture of infective T.b. gambiense trypanosomes in laboratory rodents, necessary for production, and the exposure of non-specific epitopes that may cause cross-reactions. We therefore aimed at identifying peptides that mimic epitopes, hence called “mimotopes,” specific to T.b. gambiense VSGs and that may replace the native proteins in antibody detection tests. Methodology/Principal Findings A Ph.D.-12 peptide phage display library was screened with polyclonal antibodies from patient sera, previously affinity purified on VSG LiTat 1.3 or LiTat 1.5. The peptide sequences were derived from the DNA sequence of the selected phages and synthesised as biotinylated peptides. Respectively, eighteen and twenty different mimotopes were identified for VSG LiTat 1.3 and LiTat 1.5, of which six and five were retained for assessment of their diagnostic performance. Based on alignment of the peptide sequences on the original protein sequence of VSG LiTat 1.3 and 1.5, three additional peptides were synthesised. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the synthetic peptides in indirect ELISA with 102 sera from HAT patients and 102 endemic negative controls. All mimotopes had areas under the curve (AUCs) of ≥0.85, indicating their diagnostic potential. One peptide corresponding to the VSG LiTat 1.3 protein sequence also had an AUC of ≥0.85, while the peptide based on the sequence of VSG LiTat 1.5 had an AUC of only 0.79. Conclusions/Significance We delivered the proof of principle that mimotopes for T.b. gambiense VSGs, with diagnostic potential, can be selected by phage display using polyclonal human antibodies. Control of the chronic form of sleeping sickness or gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) consists of accurate diagnosis followed by treatment. We aim to replace the native variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) parasite antigens that are presently used in most antibody detection tests with peptides that can be synthesised in vitro. Antibodies recognising VSG were purified from HAT patient sera and were used to select phage-expressed peptides that mimic VSG epitopes from a Ph.D.-12 phage display library. The diagnostic potential of the corresponding synthetic peptides was demonstrated in indirect ELISA with sera from HAT patients and endemic negative controls. We proved that diagnostic mimotopes for T.b. gambiense VSGs can be selected by phage display technology, using polyclonal human antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philippe Büscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Fatima Balharbi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michael Humbert
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tessa Dieltjens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yves Guisez
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Veerle Lejon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
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9
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Van Nieuwenhove LC, Rogé S, Balharbi F, Dieltjens T, Laurent T, Guisez Y, Büscher P, Lejon V. Identification of peptide mimotopes of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense variant surface glycoproteins. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2011; 5:e1189. [PMID: 21695105 PMCID: PMC3114753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current antibody detection tests for the diagnosis of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are based on native variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) of Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) gambiense. These native VSGs are difficult to produce, and contain non-specific epitopes that may cause cross-reactions. We aimed to identify mimotopic peptides for epitopes of T.b. gambiense VSGs that, when produced synthetically, can replace the native proteins in antibody detection tests. Methodology/Principal Findings PhD.-12 and PhD.-C7C phage display peptide libraries were screened with mouse monoclonal antibodies against the predominant VSGs LiTat 1.3 and LiTat 1.5 of T.b. gambiense. Thirty seven different peptide sequences corresponding to a linear LiTat 1.5 VSG epitope and 17 sequences corresponding to a discontinuous LiTat 1.3 VSG epitope were identified. Seventeen of 22 synthetic peptides inhibited the binding of their homologous monoclonal to VSG LiTat 1.5 or LiTat 1.3. Binding of these monoclonal antibodies to respectively six and three synthetic mimotopic peptides of LiTat 1.5 and LiTat 1.3 was significantly inhibited by HAT sera (p<0.05). Conclusions/Significance We successfully identified peptides that mimic epitopes on the native trypanosomal VSGs LiTat 1.5 and LiTat 1.3. These mimotopes might have potential for the diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis but require further evaluation and testing with a large panel of HAT positive and negative sera. The control of human African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness, a deadly disease in sub-Saharan Africa, mainly depends on a correct diagnosis and treatment. The aim of our study was to identify mimotopic peptides (mimotopes) that may replace the native proteins in antibody detection tests for sleeping sickness and hereby improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. We selected peptide expressing phages from the PhD.-12 and PhD.-C7C phage display libraries with mouse monoclonal antibodies specific to variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) LiTat 1.3 or LiTat 1.5 of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. The peptide coding genes of the selected phages were sequenced and the corresponding peptides were synthesised. Several of the synthetic peptides were confirmed as mimotopes for VSG LiTat 1.3 or LiTat 1.5 since they were able to inhibit the binding of their homologous monoclonal to the corresponding VSG. These peptides were biotinylated and their diagnostic potential was assessed with human sera. We successfully demonstrated that human sleeping sickness sera recognise some of the mimotopes of VSG LiTat 1.3 and LiTat 1.5, indicating the diagnostic potential of such peptides.
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Agostino M, Sandrin MS, Thompson PE, Farrugia W, Ramsland PA, Yuriev E. Carbohydrate-mimetic peptides: structural aspects of mimicry and therapeutic implications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 11:211-24. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2011.542140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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11
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Monjezi R, Tey BT, Sieo CC, Tan WS. Purification of bacteriophage M13 by anion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:1855-9. [PMID: 20538529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
M13 is a non-lytic filamentous bacteriophage (phage). It has been used widely in phage display technology for displaying foreign peptides, and also for studying macromolecule structures and interactions. Traditionally, this phage has been purified by cesium chloride (CsCl) density gradient ultracentrifugation which is highly laborious and time consuming. In the present study, a simple, rapid and efficient method for the purification of M13 based on anion exchange chromatography was established. A pre-packed SepFast Super Q column connected to a fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) system was employed to capture released phages in clarified Escherichia coli fermented broth. An average yield of 74% was obtained from a packed bed mode elution using citrate buffer (pH 4), containing 1.5 M NaCl at 1 ml/min flow rate. The purification process was shortened substantially to less than 2 h from 18 h in the conventional ultracentrifugation method. SDS-PAGE revealed that the purity of particles was comparable to that of CsCl gradient density ultracentrifugation method. Plaque forming assay showed that the purified phages were still infectious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Monjezi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Tang Z, Wang L, Hu L, Li Y, Cui T, Xiong J, Dou L. Identification and characterization of peptide mimics of blood group A antigen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 28:222-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-008-0228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Barenholz A, Hovav AH, Fishman Y, Rahav G, Gershoni JM, Bercovier H. A peptide mimetic of the mycobacterial mannosylated lipoarabinomannan: characterization and potential applications. J Med Microbiol 2007; 56:579-586. [PMID: 17446277 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannosylated lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM), a complex lipoglycan, is a major component of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the agent of tuberculosis (TB), and is an antigen used for serological diagnosis of TB. Screening random phage-display peptide libraries with anti-ManLAM mAb CS40 for peptide epitope mimics (mimotopes) led to the isolation of a panel of peptides. One of these peptides (B11) was characterized as a ManLAM mimotope: it bound the anti-ManLAM CS40 mAb and competed with ManLAM for antibody binding. Mice immunized with keyhole limpet haemocyanin-conjugated B11 peptide in a proper adjuvant developed antibodies that recognized ManLAM. Competition experiments demonstrated that the B11 peptide inhibited binding of mAb CS40 to ManLAM in a concentration-dependent manner. The data indicated that the affinity of CS40 mAb to B11 (K(D) 1.33 x 10(-8)) is higher than its affinity to ManLAM (K(D) 3.00 x 10(-7)). The sera of TB patients, as well as the sera of mice experimentally infected with M. tuberculosis, contained significant levels of antibodies that recognized both the B11 peptide and ManLAM. The specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA B11-based test were similar to those of the ELISA ManLAM-based test, indicating that the B11 antigen could be a good substitute for ManLAM serology for the diagnosis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Barenholz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi-Hai Hovav
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yolanta Fishman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Galia Rahav
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jonathan M Gershoni
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hervé Bercovier
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Wang H, Gao Y, Gong Y, Chen X, Liu C, Zhou X, Blackall PJ, Zhang P, Yang H. Identification and immunogenicity of an immunodominant mimotope of Avibacterium paragallinarum from a phage display peptide library. Vet Microbiol 2007; 119:231-9. [PMID: 17049758 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2006] [Revised: 08/26/2006] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza. The protective antigens of this important pathogen have not yet been clearly identified. In this paper, we applied phage display technique to screen the immunodominant mimotopes of a serovar A strain of A. paragallinarum by using a random 12-peptide library, and evaluated the immunogenicity in chickens of the selected mimotope. Polyclonal antibody directed against A. paragallinarum strain 0083 (serovar A) was used as the target antibody and phage clones binding to this target were screened from the 12-mer random peptide library. More than 50% of the phage clones selected in the third round carried the consensus peptide motif sequence A-DP(M)L. The phage clones containing the peptide motif reacted with the target antibody and this interaction could be blocked, in a dose-dependent manner, by A. paragallinarum. One of the peptide sequences, YGLLAVDPLFKP, was selected and the corresponding oligonucleotide sequence was synthesized and then inserted into the expression vector pFliTrx. The recombinant plasmid was transferred into an expression host Escherichia coli GI826 by electroporation, resulting in a recombinant E. coli expressing the peptide on the bacterial surface. Intramuscular injection of the epitope-expressing recombinant bacteria into chickens induced a specific serological response to serovar A. A. paragallinarum. The chickens given the recombinant E. coli showed significant protection against challenge with A. paragallinarum 0083. These results indicated a potential for the use of the mimotope in the development of molecular vaccines for infectious coryza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
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