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Yi L, Cao Z, Tong M, Cheng Y, Yang Y, Li S, Wang J, Lin P, Sun Y, Zhang M, Cheng S. Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope using a monoclonal antibody against the carboxy terminus of the canine distemper virus nucleoprotein and sequence analysis of the identified epitope in different CDV isolates. Virol J 2017; 14:187. [PMID: 28962633 PMCID: PMC5622507 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nucleoprotein (NP) is the most abundant and highly immunogenic protein in canine distemper virus (CDV), playing an important role in CDV viral replication and assembly. RESULTS In this study, a specific monoclonal antibody, named C8, was produced against the NP protein C terminal (amino acids 401-523). A linear N protein epitope was identified by subjecting a series of partially overlapping synthesized peptides to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis.The results indicated that 444GDKYPIHFNDER455 was the minimal linear epitope that could be recognized by mAb C8. Sequence alignments demonstrated that this linear epitope is less conserved among three CDV genotypes. We next analyzed the level of conservation of the defined epitope in19 Chinese CDV clinical isolates, and it has one site variation in amino acid among these CDV isolations. 2 isolates have the amino acid mutations F451L, while one has P448Ssubstitution.Phylogenetic analysis showed the two isolates with F451Lsubstitution had a closer relationship in a virulent strain ZJ-7, so the epitope may be a significant tag associated with virus virulence. CONCLUSION This collection of mAb along with defined linear epitope may provide useful reagents for investigations of NP protein function and the development of CDV specific diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yi
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhigang Cao
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Mingwei Tong
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yuening Cheng
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Key Lab of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jianke Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Shipeng Cheng
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
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Yi L, Cheng Y, Zhang M, Cao Z, Tong M, Wang J, Zhao H, Lin P, Cheng S. Identification of a novel canine distemper virus B-cell epitope using a monoclonal antibody against nucleocapsid protein. Virus Res 2016; 213:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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Yang Y, Wang FX, Sun N, Cao L, Zhang SQ, Zhu HW, Guo L, Cheng SP, Wen YJ. Development and evaluation of two truncated recombinant NP antigen-based indirect ELISAs for detection of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 antibodies in cattle. J Virol Methods 2015; 222:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Fine mapping and conservation analysis of linear B-cell epitopes of peste des petits ruminants virus nucleoprotein. Vet Microbiol 2015; 175:132-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Ladner
- Dyax Corp., 300 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 0213, USA.
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Raj GD, Rajanathan TMC, Kumar CS, Ramathilagam G, Hiremath G, Shaila MS. Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus antigen using immunofiltration and antigen-competition ELISA methods. Vet Microbiol 2007; 129:246-51. [PMID: 18182256 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2007] [Revised: 11/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most economically important diseases affecting sheep and goats in India. An immunofiltration-based test has been developed using either mono-specific serum/monoclonal antibodies (mAb) prepared against a recombinant truncated nucleocapsid protein of rinderpest virus (RPV) cross-reactive with PPR virus. This method consists of coating ocular swab eluate from suspected animals onto a nitrocellulose membrane housed in a plastic module, which is allowed to react with suitable dilutions of a mAb or a mono-specific polyclonal antibody. The antigen-antibody complex formed on the membrane is then detected by protein A-colloidal gold conjugate, which forms a pink colour. In the immunofiltration test, concordant results were obtained using either PPRV mAb or mono-specific serum. Another test, an antigen-competition ELISA which relies on the competition between plate-coated recombinant truncated 'N' protein of RPV and the PPRV 'N' protein present in ocular swab eluates (sample) for binding to the mono-specific antibody against N protein of RPV (in liquid phase) was developed. The cut-off value for this test was established using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive and negative oculo-nasal swab samples. Linear correlation between percent inhibition (PI) values in antigen-competition ELISA and virus infectivity titres was 0.992. Comparison of the immunofiltration test with the antigen-competition ELISA yielded a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 100%. These two tests can serve as a screening (immunofiltration) and confirmatory (antigen-competition ELISA) test, respectively, in the diagnosis of PPR in sheep or goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dhinakar Raj
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India.
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7
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Bodjo SC, Kwiatek O, Diallo A, Albina E, Libeau G. Mapping and structural analysis of B-cell epitopes on the morbillivirus nucleoprotein amino terminus. J Gen Virol 2007; 88:1231-1242. [PMID: 17374767 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
By analysing the antigenic structure of the morbillivirus nucleoprotein (N) using a competitive-binding assay of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), six different antigenic sites were identified previously. By using Pepscan methodology complemented by analysis of truncated N proteins, a better characterization of five of these antigenic sites was provided: I, II, III, IV and VI. mAbs specific to Rinderpest virus, defining antigenic sites II, III and IV, and those common to four morbilliviruses, delineating sites I and VI, were analysed in the present study. It was found that all but one mapped to the same region, between aa 120 and 149 of N. However, the mAb 3-1 epitope was located in the carboxy-terminal region (aa 421-525). This result may indicate the high immunogenicity of the amino-terminal variable region, at least in the mouse. It was surprising that the epitope of mAb 33-4, antigenic site VI, which recognized all morbilliviruses so far tested, was located in one of the two non-conserved regions between morbillivirus N proteins. It is shown that the conserved amino acid motif (126)EAD(128)----(131)F-------(148)EN(149) is critical for epitope constitution and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Bodjo
- Animal Production Unit, FAO/AIEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, IAEA Laboratories, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - O Kwiatek
- CIRAD-Département EMVT, UPR 'Contrôle des maladies animales et exotiques', TA/30G, Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - A Diallo
- Animal Production Unit, FAO/AIEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, IAEA Laboratories, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - E Albina
- CIRAD-Département EMVT, UPR 'Contrôle des maladies animales et exotiques', TA/30G, Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - G Libeau
- CIRAD-Département EMVT, UPR 'Contrôle des maladies animales et exotiques', TA/30G, Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Saha S, Raghava GPS. Prediction of continuous B-cell epitopes in an antigen using recurrent neural network. Proteins 2006; 65:40-8. [PMID: 16894596 DOI: 10.1002/prot.21078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 963] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
B-cell epitopes play a vital role in the development of peptide vaccines, in diagnosis of diseases, and also for allergy research. Experimental methods used for characterizing epitopes are time consuming and demand large resources. The availability of epitope prediction method(s) can rapidly aid experimenters in simplifying this problem. The standard feed-forward (FNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) have been used in this study for predicting B-cell epitopes in an antigenic sequence. The networks have been trained and tested on a clean data set, which consists of 700 non-redundant B-cell epitopes obtained from Bcipep database and equal number of non-epitopes obtained randomly from Swiss-Prot database. The networks have been trained and tested at different input window length and hidden units. Maximum accuracy has been obtained using recurrent neural network (Jordan network) with a single hidden layer of 35 hidden units for window length of 16. The final network yields an overall prediction accuracy of 65.93% when tested by fivefold cross-validation. The corresponding sensitivity, specificity, and positive prediction values are 67.14, 64.71, and 65.61%, respectively. It has been observed that RNN (JE) was more successful than FNN in the prediction of B-cell epitopes. The length of the peptide is also important in the prediction of B-cell epitopes from antigenic sequences. The webserver ABCpred is freely available at www.imtech.res.in/raghava/abcpred/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipto Saha
- Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
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Dechamma HJ, Dighe V, Kumar CA, Singh RP, Jagadish M, Kumar S. Identification of T-helper and linear B epitope in the hypervariable region of nucleocapsid protein of PPRV and its use in the development of specific antibodies to detect viral antigen. Vet Microbiol 2006; 118:201-11. [PMID: 16962260 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants making its diagnosis difficult from the similar symptoms of Rinderpest. Computer based prediction algorithms was applied to identify antigenic determinants on the nucleocapsid (N) protein of PPRV. Specificity and antigenicity of each peptide was evaluated by solid phase ELISA. Six specific peptide sequences were evaluated in multiple antigenic peptide (MAP) form and immune response was evaluated by supplementing universal T-helper epitope human IL-1beta peptide (VQGEESNDK, amino acids 163-171). Out of the six peptides 19mer sequence corresponding to 454-472 region of N protein of PPRV was found to be highly immunogenic and specific to PPRV. Evaluation of overlapping peptides differing in length for this 452-472 region, showed minimum length of 14 amino acid residues were required for the stable affinity binding of antigen-antibody. The results of immunization and indirect ELISA indicated the presence of T-helper epitope at the N-terminal end and linear B epitope at the C-terminal region of 454-472 19mer of nucleocapsid peptide of PPRV-nucleocapsid protein. The antipeptide antibodies developed against this region showed specificity to PPRV antigen differentiating it from RPV when used in indirect ELISA and western blot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Dechamma
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Molecular Virology Lab, Bangalore Campus, Hebbal, Bangalore, India.
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Laine D, Bourhis JM, Longhi S, Flacher M, Cassard L, Canard B, Sautès-Fridman C, Rabourdin-Combe C, Valentin H. Measles virus nucleoprotein induces cell-proliferation arrest and apoptosis through NTAIL-NR and NCORE-FcgammaRIIB1 interactions, respectively. J Gen Virol 2005; 86:1771-1784. [PMID: 15914856 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.80791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles virus (MV) nucleoprotein (N) is a cytosolic protein that is released into the extracellular compartment after apoptosis and/or secondary necrosis of MV-infected cells in vitro. Thus, MV-N becomes accessible to inhibitory cell-surface receptors: FcgammaRIIB and an uncharacterized nucleoprotein receptor (NR). MV-N is composed of two domains: NCORE (aa 1-400) and NTAIL (aa 401-525). To assess the contribution of MV-N domains and of these two receptors in suppression of cell proliferation, a human melanoma HT144 cell line expressing (HT144IIB1) or lacking FcgammaRIIB1 was used as a model. Specific and exclusive NCORE-FcgammaRIIB1 and NTAIL-NR interactions were shown. Moreover, NTAIL binding to human NR predominantly led to suppression of cell proliferation by arresting cells in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle, rather than to apoptosis. NCORE binding to HT144IIB1 cells primarily triggered caspase-3 activation, in contrast to HT144IIB1/IC- cells lacking the FcgammaRIIB1 intra-cytoplasmic tail, thus demonstrating the specific inhibitory effect of the NCORE-FcgammaRIIB1 interaction. MV-N- and NCORE-mediated apoptosis through FcgammaRIIB1 was inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-FMK, indicating that apoptosis was dependent on caspase activation. By using NTAIL deletion proteins, it was also shown that the region of NTAIL responsible for binding to human NR and for cell growth arrest maps to one of the three conserved boxes (Box1, aa 401-420) found in N of Morbilliviruses. This work unveils novel mechanisms by which distinct domains of MV-N may display different immunosuppressive activities, thus contributing to our comprehension of the immunosuppressive state associated with MV infection. Finally, MV-N domains may be good tools to target tumour cell proliferation and/or apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Laine
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie Fondamentale et Clinique, INSERM U503 and UCBL1, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - J M Bourhis
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR 6098 CNRS et Universités d'Aix-Marseille I et II, ESIL, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - S Longhi
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR 6098 CNRS et Universités d'Aix-Marseille I et II, ESIL, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - M Flacher
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie Fondamentale et Clinique, INSERM U503 and UCBL1, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - L Cassard
- Unité d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Clinique, INSERM U255 and Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris VI, Centre de Recherche Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - B Canard
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR 6098 CNRS et Universités d'Aix-Marseille I et II, ESIL, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - C Sautès-Fridman
- Unité d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Clinique, INSERM U255 and Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris VI, Centre de Recherche Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - C Rabourdin-Combe
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie Fondamentale et Clinique, INSERM U503 and UCBL1, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - H Valentin
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie Fondamentale et Clinique, INSERM U503 and UCBL1, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Choi KS, Nah JJ, Ko YJ, Kang SY, Yoon KJ, Jo NI. Antigenic and immunogenic investigation of B-cell epitopes in the nucleocapsid protein of peste des petits ruminants virus. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 12:114-21. [PMID: 15642994 PMCID: PMC540224 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.12.1.114-121.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Attempts were made to identify and map epitopes on the nucleocapsid (N) protein of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) (Nigeria75/1 strain) using seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and deletion mutants. At least four antigenic domains (A-I, A-II, C-I, and C-II) were identified using the MAbs. Domains A-I (MAb 33-4) and A-II (MAbs 38-4, P-3H12, and P-13A9) were determined to be located on the amino-terminal half (amino acids [aa] 1 to 262), and domains C-I (P-14C6) and C-II (P-9H10 and P-11A6) were within the carboxy-terminal region (aa 448 to 521). Nonreciprocal competition between A-II MAbs and MAbs to C-I and C-II domains was observed, indicating that they may be exposed on the surface of the N protein and spatially overlap each other. Blocking or competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay studies using PPRV serum antibodies revealed that epitopes on the domains A-II and C-II were immunodominant, whereas those on the domains A-I and C-I were not. The competition between MAb and rinderpest virus (RPV) serum antibodies raised against RPV strain LATC was found in two epitopes (P-3H12 and P-13A9) on the domain A-II, indicating that these epitopes may cause cross-reactivity between PPRV and RPV. Identification of immunodominant but PPRV-specific epitopes and domains will provide the foundation in designing an N-protein-based diagnostic immunoassay for PPRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Seuk Choi
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, 480 Anyang-6 dong, Anyang, Kyoung-gi, 430-824, Korea.
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