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Bystrický P, Dobrota D, Račay P, Bystrický S. NMR characteristics of α-D-Man-(1→2)-D-Man and α-D-Man-(1→3)-D-Man mannobioses related to Candida albicans yeast mannan structures. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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SHIBATA N, KOBAYASHI H, SUZUKI S. Immunochemistry of pathogenic yeast, Candida species, focusing on mannan. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2012; 88:250-265. [PMID: 22728440 PMCID: PMC3410142 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.88.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent findings based on structural and immunochemical analyses of the cell wall mannan of Candida albicans, and other medically important Candida species. Mannan has been shown to consist of α-1,2-, α-1,3-, α-1,6-, and β-1,2-linked mannopyranose units with few phosphate groups. Each Candida species has a unique mannan structure biosynthesized by sequential collaboration between species-specific mannosyltransferases. In particular, the β-1,2-linked mannose units have been shown to comprise a characteristic oligomannosyl side chain that is strongly antigenic. For these pathogenic Candida species, cell-surface mannan was also found to participate in the adhesion to the epithelial cells, recognition by innate immune receptors and development of pathogenicity. Therefore, clarification of the precise chemical structure of Candida mannan is indispensable for understanding the mechanism of pathogenicity, and for development of new antifungal drugs and immunotherapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki SHIBATA
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu KOBAYASHI
- Department of Microbiology, Nagasaki International University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shigeo SUZUKI
- Professor Emeritus, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
- Sendai Research Institute for Mycology, Miyagi, Japan
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Tada R, Takano Y, Murakami H, Ishibashi KI, Nagi-Miura N, Adachi Y, Ohno N. Vasculitis and anaphylactoid shock in mice induced by the polysaccharide fraction secreted into culture supernatants by the fungus Candida metapsilosis. Microbiol Immunol 2011; 55:357-65. [PMID: 21362025 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The biological effects of Candida metapsilosis water-soluble fraction (CMWS), prepared using a completely synthesized medium, were examined to determine whether CMWS induces vasculitis similar to that seen in Kawasaki disease, and anaphylactoid shock, in mice. It was found that intraperitoneal injection of CMWS induces coronary arteritis and i.v. injection induces acute anaphylactoid shock in mice, similar to Candida albicans water-soluble fraction (CAWS)-induced arteritis and anaphylactoid shock. The mannan structure of the polysaccharide fraction was then analyzed by performing antiserum reactivity tests and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The mannan structure was investigated because the present authors have recently found that the mannan moiety within the polysaccharide fraction might be responsible for these pathogenic activities. The structural analysis showed that the mannan structure within CMWS expresses α-mannan residues, but not β-mannan. In addition, the mannan structure of CMWS is quite similar to that of CAWS. The present findings indicate that the polysaccharide fraction from C. metapsilosis, which is mainly composed of mannan, contributes to coronary arteritis and acute shock, and that the mannan structure could be responsible for this pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tada
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Model alpha-mannoside conjugates: immunogenicity and induction of candidacidal activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 58:307-13. [PMID: 20113351 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2009.00642.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Candida cell wall mannan-derived alpha-oligomannoside structural components on the modulation of the immune system and their role in protective immunity are studied here. Semi-synthetic alpha-mannoside-bovine serum albumin conjugates were used for immunization of rabbits. Dimeric alpha-mannoside, representing Candida antigenic factor 1, was used as a model of linear alpha-mannoside, and pentameric alpha-mannoside was used as a model of branched oligomannoside side chain structure. The induction of humoral immune response and the functionality of the serum tested by induction of peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) candidacidal activity are documented. Anti-Candida albicans serotype B immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) levels were higher than anti-serotype A following immunization with both conjugates. Dimer-conjugate postimmunization sera evidently enhanced C. albicans killing activity of PBLs in candidacidal assay. The study shows the importance of alpha-mannoside structures in perspective anti-Candida vaccine with a broad spectrum of effectiveness.
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Goto K, Suzuki A, Shibata N, Okawa Y. Some properties of beta-1,2-mannosyltransferases related to the biosynthesis of the acid-labile oligomannosyl side chains in Candida albicans NIH B-792 strain cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32:1921-3. [PMID: 19881309 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We detected the beta-1,2-mannosyltransferases (beta-1,2-MTs), which participate in the biosynthesis of oligomannosyl side chains in the mannan acid-labile fraction, in a particulate insoluble fractions prepared from Candida albicans NIH B-792 strain cells grown at 27 degrees C and at 37 degrees C in a yeast extract-added Sabouraud liquid medium (YSLM). The beta-1,2-MT VI-6 prepared from the cells grown at 27 degrees C exhibited the maximum activity at pH 7.0 and at 30 degrees C. The beta-1,2-MT VI-6 activity was only slightly affected by Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, but completely inhibited by Zn2+ and Ni2+. The beta-1,2-MT activities from the cells grown at 37 degrees C were lower than that from the cells grown at 27 degrees C, especially on the longer beta-1,2-mannooligosaccharides than tetraose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Goto
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
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Koyama T, Makita M, Shibata N, Okawa Y. Influence of oxidative and osmotic stresses on the structure of the cell wall mannan of Candida albicans serotype A. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:2195-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Collot M, Sendid B, Fievez A, Savaux C, Standaert-Vitse A, Tabouret M, Drucbert AS, Marie Danzé P, Poulain D, Mallet JM. Biotin Sulfone as a New Tool for Synthetic Oligosaccharide Immobilization: Application to Multiple Analysis Profiling and Surface Plasmonic Analysis of Anti-Candida albicans Antibody Reactivity against α and β (1→2) Oligomannosides. J Med Chem 2008; 51:6201-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800099g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayeul Collot
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Boualem Sendid
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Fievez
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Camille Savaux
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Annie Standaert-Vitse
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Marc Tabouret
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Anne Sophie Drucbert
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Marie Danzé
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Poulain
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Maurice Mallet
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, Unité Inserm 799, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France, Bio-Rad, Route de Cassel, 59114 Steenvoorde, France, Plateforme d’Etude des Interactions Moléculaires, IMPRT, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, CHRU, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
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Tada R, Nagi-Miura N, Adachi Y, Ohno N. The influence of culture conditions on vasculitis and anaphylactoid shock induced by fungal pathogen Candida albicans cell wall extract in mice. Microb Pathog 2008; 44:379-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 10/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Goto K, Okawa Y. Activity and Stability of .ALPHA.- and .BETA.-Mannosyltransferases in Candida albicans Cells Cultured at High Temperature and at Low pH. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1333-6. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Goto
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University; 4–4&ndash
| | - Yoshio Okawa
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University; 4–4&ndash
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Okawa Y, Miyauchi M, Kobayashi H. Comparison of Pathogenicity of Various Candida tropicalis Strains. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1507-10. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University
| | - Masayoshi Miyauchi
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University
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11
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Okawa Y, Miyauchi M, Takahashi S, Kobayashi H. Comparison of pathogenicity of various Candida albicans and C. stellatoidea strains. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1870-3. [PMID: 17917253 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to clarify the pathogenicity and the pathogenic factors of various Candida species strains, three strains, NIH A-207 and J-1012 (serotype A), and NIH B-792 (serotype B) of Candida albicans and two strains, ATCC 20408 (karyotype II) and ATCC 36232 (karyotype I) of C. stellatoidea, a synonym for C. albicans, were tested for their lethality to mice, adherence to Hela cells, hydrophobicity, and cell growth under acidic conditions, pH 2.0-5.9. The pathogenicity for mice of all the strains was observed in the order NIH B-792, ATCC 36232, J-1012, NIH A-207, and ATCC 20408. The pathogenicity for mice by all the strains used was well correlated with adherence to the Hela cells, the hydrophobicity, and the cell growth under the acidic condition, pH 2.0. These results emphasize that these specific properties of the C. albicans and C. stellatoidea strains play an important role in the pathogenesis of candidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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12
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Shinohara H, Nagi-Miura N, Ishibashi KI, Adachi Y, Ishida-Okawara A, Oharaseki T, Takahashi K, Naoe S, Suzuki K, Ohno N. Beta-mannosyl linkages negatively regulate anaphylaxis and vasculitis in mice, induced by CAWS, fungal PAMPS composed of mannoprotein-beta-glucan complex secreted by Candida albicans. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:1854-61. [PMID: 16946498 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans water soluble fraction (CAWS) is a water-soluble extracellular mannoprotein-beta-glucan complex obtained from the culture supernatant of Candida albicans, which grows in a chemically defined medium. CAWS induced toxic reactions, such as acute anaphylactoid reaction, by intravenous administration and coronary arteritis by intraperitoneal administration. To clarify the structure responsible for these toxic reactions, C. albicans was cultured in pH- and temperature-controlled conditions and prepared with CAWS with or without the beta-1,2-linked mannosyl segment (BM). The structure of CAWS was assessed by immunochemical and spectroscopic methodologies, and we found that CAWS prepared under the natural culture conditions contained only small amounts of BM and CAWS prepared at neutral conditions at 27 degrees C contained a significantly higher percentage of BM. Both the acute lethal toxicity and coronary arteritis induction was significantly more severe in the absence of BM. Activation of a complement pathway, the lectin pathway, by CAWS was significantly stronger in the absence of BM. These facts strongly suggest that BM linkages in CAWS negatively modulate acute and chronic toxicity of CAWS, and may be strongly related to the lectin pathway of the complement activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Shinohara
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Japan
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Trinel PA, Delplace F, Maes E, Zanetta JP, Mille C, Coddeville B, Jouault T, Strecker G, Poulain D. Candida albicans serotype B strains synthesize a serotype-specific phospholipomannan overexpressing a beta-1,2-linked mannotriose. Mol Microbiol 2006; 58:984-98. [PMID: 16262785 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04890.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans strains consist of serotypes A and B depending on the presence of terminal beta-1,2-linked mannose residues in the acid-stable part of serotype A phosphopeptidomannan (PPM). The distribution of C. albicans serotypes varies according to country and human host genetic and infectious backgrounds. However, these epidemiological traits have not yet been related to a phenotypically stable molecule as cell surface expression of the serotype A epitope depends on the growth conditions. We have shown that C. albicans serotype A associates beta-mannose residues with another molecule, phospholipomannan (PLM), which is a member of the mannoseinositolphosphoceramide family. In this study, PLM from serotype B strains was analysed in order to provide structural bases for the differences in molecular mass and antigenicity observed between PLMs from both serotypes. Through these analyses, carbon 10 was shown to be the location of a second hydroxylation of fatty acids previously unknown in fungal sphingolipids. Minor differences observed in the ceramide moiety appeared to be strain-dependent. More constant features of PLM from serotype B strains were the incorporation of greater amounts of phytosphingosine C20, a twofold reduced glycosylation of PLM and overexpression of a beta-1,2 mannotriose, the epitope of protective antibodies. This specific beta-mannosylation was observed even when growth conditions altered serotype A PPM-specific epitopes, confirming the potential of PLM as a phenotypically stable molecule for serotyping. This study also suggests that the regulation of beta-mannosyltransferases, which define specific immunomodulatory adhesins whose activity depends on the mannosyl chain length, are part of the genetic background that differentiates serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-André Trinel
- Inserm E0360, Physiopathologie des Candidoses, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
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Abstract
All cells of four Candida tropicalis strains IFO 0199 (Ct-0199), IFO 0587 (Ct-0587), IFO 1400 (Ct-1400), and IFO 1647 (Ct-1647), obtained by cultivation at 27 and 37 degrees C for 48 h in yeast extract-added Sabouraud liquid medium, showed the shapes of typical budding yeast and the same agglutination patterns against factor sera 1, 4, 5 and 6 in the commercially available kit 'Candida Check'. The cells of the C. tropicalis IFO 0589 strain display the same properties at 27 degrees C but formed hyphae at 37 degrees C. The cell wall mannan (Ct-0589-37-M) obtained from the strain cells cultured at 37 degrees C had lost most of its reactivity against factor sera 4, 5 and 6 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in contrast to the mannan (Ct-0589-27-M) at 27 degrees C. The 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance patterns of the mannans obtained from the cells of the four C. tropicalis strains IFO 0199, IFO 0587, IFO 1400, and IFO 1647, obtained by cultivation at 37 degrees C, did not change compared to those at 27 degrees C. By contrast, the Ct-0589-37-M had significantly lost the beta-1,2-linked mannopyranose units, corresponding to the serum factors 5 and 6. These results show that the IFO 0589 strain is an unusual strain among the general C. tropicalis strains studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Okawa Y, Goto K. Disappearance of antigenic factor 6 in Candida glabrata IFO 0622 strain cells cultured at high temperature. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:187-9. [PMID: 16394538 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Candida glabrata IFO 0622 strain cells obtained after cultivation at 27 degrees C and at 37 degrees C and then at 27 degrees C (37-27 degrees C) for 48 h in yeast extract-added Sabouraud liquid medium (YSLM) showed the same agglutination patterns against factor sera 1, 4, 6, and 34 in the commercially available factor serum kit 'Candida Check'. On the other hand, the cells of the strain cultured at 37 degrees C had completely lost its reactivity against the factor serum 6. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of the cell wall mannans obtained from the strain cells showed the same reactivity with the agglutination patterns against the factor sera. The 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) pattern of the mannan obtained from the strain cells cultured at 37 degrees C showed that the mannan had completely lost the non-reducing beta-1,2-linked mannopyranose unit in the mannotetraose Manbeta1-2Manalpha1-2Manalpha1-2Man, corresponding to the serum factor 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan.
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Okawa Y, Oikawa S, Suzuki S. Structural changes of cell wall mannans of Candida guilliermondii IFO 10279 strain cells cultured at high temperature. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:388-91. [PMID: 16462053 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The morphology, structure, and antigenicity of the cells and the cell wall mannans of the Candida guilliermondii IFO 10279 strain cultivated at 33 and 34 degrees C for 48 h in yeast extract-added Sabouraud liquid medium (YSLM) were compared with those cultivated at 27 degrees C and 33 degrees C and then at 27 degrees C (33-27 degrees C). This strain showed little growth at higher than 35 degrees C. The density of the yeast formed cells decreased, with dry weights of about 50% at 33 and 34 degrees C, and only the cells at 34 degrees C revealed a failure of cytokinesis. The structure of the mannans revealed by (1)H-NMR analysis that the mannans obtained at both 33 and 34 degrees C had drastically decreased two consecutive beta-1,2-linked mannopyranose units at the nonreducing terminal of the alpha-linked oligosaccharides and increased one beta-1,2-linked mannopyranose unit at the nonreducing terminal attached to the alpha-1,3-linked mannose unit and the non-reducing terminal alpha-1,3- and alpha-1,2-linked mannopyranose units. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that the mannans obtained at 33 and 34 degrees C had decreased reactivity against the factor serum 9 and increased its reactivity against the factor serum 4, in the commercially available factor serum kit "Candida Check".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan.
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Kobayashi H, Tanaka S, Suzuki J, Kiuchi Y, Shibata N, Suzuki S, Okawa Y. Amended structure of side chains in a cell wall mannan from Candida albicans serotype A strain grown in yeast extract-Sabouraud liquid medium under acidic conditions: detection of the branched side chains corresponding to antigenic factor 4. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10433.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Okawa Y, Goto K. Antigenicity of Cell Wall Mannans of Candida albicans and Candida stellatoidea Cultured at High Temperatures in BACTEC Medium. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:1723-7. [PMID: 16880632 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The study of the antigenicity of pathogenic Candida albicans and Candida stellatoidea cells grown in BACTEC fungal medium (BFM) is useful for clinical analysis so as accurately to diagnose candidiasis. When C. albicans NIH A-207 was grown in BFM and fetal bovine serum-added BFM at the high temperatures of 36 and 40 degrees C, the cell density increased, with a mixture of yeast cells, pseudohyphae, and hyphae and with full hyphal development in the cultures compared with cultivation (mostly cells in yeast form) at 27 degrees C in both media. The mannans produced when cells were grown at these high temperatures were less reactive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with factor sera 4, 5, and 6 in the commercially available kit 'Candida Check' than were the mannans obtained following growth at 27 degrees C. Based on 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, the mannans from cells grown at high temperatures had lost a phosphate group and a beta-1,2-linked mannopyranose unit, and had increased the number of non-reducing terminal alpha-1,3-linked mannopyranose units. We obtained similar results for mannans produced by C. albicans J-1012, C. albicans NIH B-792, C. albicans JCM 9061, C. stellatoidea ATCC 20408, and C. stellatoidea ATCC 36232 strains cultivated in BFM at 36 degrees C. These results suggest that both C. albicans and C. stellatoidea cells cultured at high temperatures, irrespective of the medium and shape of the cells, alter their antigenicity and chemical structure of cell wall mannans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
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Okawa Y, Miyauchi M, Goto K, Giummelly P. Antigenicity of cell wall mannans of Candida albicans NIH A-207 strain cells cultured in galactose-added yeast nitrogen base medium. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:391-3. [PMID: 15684509 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cultivations of the Candida albicans NIH A-207 strain (A-strain) for 5 d at 27 and 37 degrees C in 500 mM galactose-added yeast nitrogen base medium (YNB-Gal) decreased the growth of blastoconidia and the pH in the cultures, with dry weights of 56 and 47% and with pHs of 2.41 and 2.47, compared with the dry weight of 100% and pH of 5.63 for a standard cultivation of 2 d at 27 degrees C in the yeast extract-added Sabouraud liquid medium (YSLM). The cells obtained by cultivations at 27 and 37 degrees C in the YNB-Gal clearly decreased the agglutination against serum factors 4, 5, and 6 in the commercially available kit 'Candida Check', especially at 37 degrees C, in contrast to those obtained by the standard cultivation. It was also revealed by 1H-NMR analysis that both the mannans obtained from cultures at 27 and 37 degrees C in the YNB-Gal had drastically lost a phosphate group and a beta-1,2-linked mannopyranose unit, and increased the non-reducing terminal alpha-1,3-linked mannopyranose unit, especially at 37 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan.
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Shibata N, Kobayashi H, Okawa Y, Suzuki S. Existence of novel beta-1,2 linkage-containing side chain in the mannan of Candida lusitaniae, antigenically related to Candida albicans serotype A. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2003; 270:2565-75. [PMID: 12787022 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The antigenicity of Candida lusitaniae cells was found to be the same as that of Candida albicans serotype A cells, i.e. both cell wall mannans react with factors 1, 4, 5, and 6 sera of Candida Check. However, the structure of the mannan of C. lusitaniae was significantly different from that of C. albicans serotype A, and we found novel beta-1,2 linkages among the side-chain oligosaccharides, Manbeta1-->2Manbeta1--> 2Manalpha1-->2Manalpha1-->2Man (LM5), and Manbeta1-->2Man-beta1-->2Manbeta1-->2Manalpha1-->2Manalpha1-->2Man (LM6). The assignment of these oligosaccharides suggests that the mannoheptaose containing three beta-1,2 linkages obtained from the mannan of C. albicans in a preceding study consisted of isomers. The molar ratio of the side chains of C. lusitaniae mannan was determined from the complete assignment of its H-1 and H-2 signals and these signal dimensions. More than 80% of the oligomannosyl side chains contained beta-1,2-linked mannose units; no alpha-1,3 linkages or alpha-1,6-linked branching points were found in the side chains. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent inhibition assay using oligosaccharides indicated that LM5 behaves as factor 6, which is the serotype A-specific epitope of C. albicans. Unexpectedly, however, LM6 did not act as factor 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shibata
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Okawa Y, Monma K, Shibata N, Kobayashi H, Yamada Y. A new mannoheptaose containing alpha and beta-(1-->2) linkages isolated from the mannan of Torulaspora delbrueckii: ELISA inhibition studies. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:1175-82. [PMID: 12747859 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Torulaspora delbrueckii starin IFO 0955 was examined with respect to its structural and serological properties of the cell wall mannan (Td-0955-M). Td-0955-M revealed significant reactivities with sera from a commercially available factor serum kit (Candida Check) in ELISA. Td-0955-M was investigated for its chemical structure by acetolysis under conventional and mild conditions. NMR and GC techniques were used as analytical techniques. The mannooligosaccharide fractions eluted from a Bio-Gel P-2 column were found to consist of Man(alpha1-2)Man, M2, Man(alpha1-2)Man(alpha1-2)Man and Man(beta1-2)Man(alpha1-2)Man, M3, Man(alpha1-2)Man(beta1-2)Man(beta1-2)Man(alpha1-2)Man, M5, and a new mannoheptaose, which possesses the structure, Man(alpha1-2)Man(beta1-2)Man(beta1-2)Man(beta1-2)Man(beta1-2)Man(alpha1-2)Man, M7. The results of the inhibition ELISA showed that the M7 oligosaccharide significantly inhibited the reactivities in the Td-0955-M-factor serum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Okawa
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Sendai Aoba-ku, 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan.
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Trinel PA, Maes E, Zanetta JP, Delplace F, Coddeville B, Jouault T, Strecker G, Poulain D. Candida albicans phospholipomannan, a new member of the fungal mannose inositol phosphoceramide family. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:37260-71. [PMID: 12138092 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m202295200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic yeast Candida albicans has the ability to synthesize unique sequences of beta-1,2-oligomannosides that act as adhesins, induce cytokine production, and generate protective antibodies. Depending on the growth conditions, beta-1,2-oligomannosides are associated with different carrier molecules in the cell wall. Structural evidence has been obtained for the presence of these residues in the polysaccharide moiety of the glycolipid, phospholipomannan (PLM). In this study, the refinement of purification techniques led to large quantities of PLM being extracted from Candida albicans cells. A combination of methanolysis, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses allowed the complete structure of PLM to be deduced. The lipid moiety was shown to consist of a phytoceramide associating a C(18)/C(20) phytosphingosine and C(25), C(26), or mainly C(24) hydroxy fatty acids. The spacer linking the glycan part was identified as a unique structure: -Man-P-Man-Ins-P-. Therefore, in contrast to the major class of membranous glycosphingolipids represented by mannose diinositol phosphoceramide, which is derived from mannose inositol phosphoceramide by the addition of inositol phosphate, PLM seems to be derived from mannose inositol phosphoceramide by the addition of mannose phosphate. In relation to a previous study of the glycan part of the molecule, the assignment of the second phosphorus position leads to the definition of PLM beta-1,2-oligomannosides as unbranched linear structures that may reach up to 19 residues in length. Therefore, PLM appears to be a new type of glycosphingolipid, which is glycosylated extensively through a unique spacer. The conferred hydrophilic properties allow PLM to diffuse into the cell wall in which together with mannan it presents C. albicans beta-1,2-oligomannosides to host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-André Trinel
- Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Inserm EPI 9915, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
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Trinel PA, Jouault T, Cutler JE, Poulain D. Beta-1,2-mannosylation of Candida albicans mannoproteins and glycolipids differs with growth temperature and serotype. Infect Immun 2002; 70:5274-8. [PMID: 12183581 PMCID: PMC128217 DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.9.5274-5278.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing the growth temperature from 28 to 37 degrees C reduced the expression of beta-1,2-oligomannoside epitopes on mannoproteins of Candida albicans serotypes A and B. In contrast, beta-1,2-mannosylation of phospholipomannan (PLM) remained constant despite a slight decrease in the relative molecular weight (M(r)) of this compound. At all growth temperatures investigated, serotype A PLM displayed an M(r) and an antigenicity different from those of serotype B PLM when they were tested with a panel of monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Trinel
- Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, INSERM EPI 9915, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, 59045 Lille Cedex, France
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Cutler JE. The Candida albicans phosphomannan complex in Candida-host interactions. RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 1998; 149:299-308; discussion 507-9. [PMID: 9720948 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2494(98)80754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J E Cutler
- Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717-3520, USA
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Ikuta K, Shibata N, Kanehiko H, Kobayashi H, Suzuki S, Okawa Y. NMR assignment of the galactomannan of Candida lipolytica. FEBS Lett 1997; 414:338-42. [PMID: 9315714 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)01028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The chemical structure of the cell wall galactomannan of Candida lipolytica was analyzed using two-dimensional NMR techniques without chemical fragmentation. The H-1-H-2-correlated cross-peaks of the galactomannan indicated that it consists of an alpha-1,6-linked mannan backbone moiety with side chains. A sequential NMR assignment of the side chains through nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) cross-peaks indicated that the triose side chain contains an alpha-1,2-linked galactopyranose unit at the non-reducing terminal. The structure was significantly different from the galactomannan of Trichophyton. The molar ratio of the side chains calculated from the H-1 signal dimensions indicated that ca. 45% of the backbone alpha-1,6-linked mannose units are not substituted with side chains and are responsible for the reactivity of the galactomannan with factor 9 serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ikuta
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Shibata N, Senbongi N, Hosoya T, Kawahara K, Akagi R, Suzuki A, Kobayashi H, Suzuki S, Okawa Y. Demonstration of the presence of alpha-1,6-branched side chains in the mannan of Candida stellatoidea. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 246:477-85. [PMID: 9208941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A mild acetolysis of the mannans of Candida stellatoidea was performed after acetylation to yielded an alpha-1,6-branched mannohexaose, the presence of which had been predicted from the appearance of a specific H1-H2-correlated cross-peak in two-dimensional homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy. In this study, we found that the de-O-acetylation of a 4-O-acetyl group at the branching point, the 3,6-di-O-substituted mannose unit, of an acetylated oligosaccharide by sodium methoxide is significantly slower than that of other acetyl groups. We could separate the 4-O-acetylated branching oligosaccharide from linear isomer using high-performance liquid chromatography. Before and after the de-O-acetylation of the purified branching oligosaccharide, their 1H-NMR signals were sequentially assigned by means of the nuclear Overhauser effect. In the sequential NMR assignment study, we showed that the alpha-1,6-linked mannose unit is attached to the 3-O-substituted unit based on the presence of NOE cross-peak between H1 of the branching mannose unit and H6 of the 3-O-substituted mannose unit. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent inhibition assay of the reactivity of factor 4 serum to C. stellatoidea mannan by several oligosaccharides indicated that the alpha-1,6-branched oligosaccharide and the beta-1,2 linkage-containing oligosaccharides showed inhibitory activity. This result indicates that factor 4 serum, as well as factor 5 and 6 sera, contains antibodies against beta-1,2-linked mannose units which have been reported to participate in pathogenicity via cytokine production and/or adherence. From the assignment results of H1-H2-correlated cross-peaks of oligosaccharides and mannans, the molar ratio of the mannan side chains was proposed. In this study, we demonstrated that the epitope structure of the C. stellatoidea type I strains was the same as that of the C. albicans NIH B-792 (serotype B) strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shibata
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, Sendai, Japan
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Kobayashi H, Suzuki J, Tanaka S, Kiuchi Y, Oyamada H, Iwadate N, Suzuki H, Shibata N, Suzuki S, Okawa Y. Structure of a cell wall mannan from the pathogenic yeast, Candida catenulata: assignment of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts of the inner alpha-1,6-linked mannose residues substituted by a side chain. Arch Biochem Biophys 1997; 341:70-4. [PMID: 9143354 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1997.9939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the cell wall mannan purified from the pathogenic yeast, Candida catenulata, using antisera to factors of the genus Candida. The results suggest that mannan possesses a linear backbone consisting of alpha-1, 6-linked mannose residues and side chains possessing nonreducing terminal alpha-1,2- and alpha-1,3-linked mannose residues. The chemical structure of the mannan was analyzed by two-dimensional homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn and two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement and exchange spectroscopy. The sequential assignments of the cross-peaks caused by J-coupling and the nuclear Overhauser effect from these terminal mannose residues demonstrate that the H1 signal of an inner alpha-1,6-linked mannose residue substituted by an alpha-oligomannosyl side chain or a single mannose through the C-2 position in an alpha-anomer configuration undergoes a significant downfield shift (delta delta = 0.16 or 0.19 ppm, respectively) compared with that of unsubstituted residues. We therefore propose the exact overall structure of the antigenic mannan obtained from C. catenulata. The assignment data in the present study are useful for the determination of the exact overall structure of various yeast mannans using the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis without the need for harsh procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kobayashi
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, Miyagi, Japan
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Kobayashi H, Oyamada H, Suzuki A, Shibata N, Suzuki S, Okawa Y. Identification of the antigenic determinants of factors 8, 9, and 34 of genus Candida. FEBS Lett 1996; 395:109-12. [PMID: 8898075 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)01013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the antigenic determinants of factors 8, 9, and 34 of the genus Candida among pathogenic yeasts by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using mannans of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild type and mutant types, mnn 1-mnn 4 and mnn 2. Results of ELISA including antisera against the antigenic factors of genus Candida (Candida Check, latron; FAbs) indicated that these three types of mannan distinctly react with FAbs 34, 8 and 9, respectively. To identify the recognition sites of these FAbs, we compared the ability of various oligosaccharides to inhibit the binding of the mannans to FAbs. The results indicated that FAb 34 preferentially recognizes linear side chains containing a non-reducing terminal alpha-1,3-linked mannose residue, Man(alpha)1 --> 3Man(alpha)1 --> (2Man(alpha)1 --> )n(2Man) (n > or = 0), and that one of the recognition sites of FAb 9 is linear alpha-1,6-linked oligomannosyl series, Man(alpha)1 --> (6Man(alpha)1 --> )n(6Man) (n > or = 2). On the other hand, the recognition site of FAb 8 apparently consisted of two alpha-1,2-linked oligomannosyl side chains and an alpha-1,6-linked mannose residue that originated from the mannan backbone, Man(alpha)1 --> 2Man(alpha)1 --> 2(Man(alpha)1 -->2Man(alpha)1 --> 6)Man.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kobayashi
- Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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