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Leopold Wager CM, Bonifacio JR, Simper J, Naoun AA, Arnett E, Schlesinger LS. Activation of transcription factor CREB in human macrophages by Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes bacterial survival, reduces NF-kB nuclear transit and limits phagolysosome fusion by reduced necroptotic signaling. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011297. [PMID: 37000865 PMCID: PMC10096260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a first line of defense against pathogens. However, certain invading microbes modify macrophage responses to promote their own survival and growth. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is a human-adapted intracellular pathogen that exploits macrophages as an intracellular niche. It was previously reported that M.tb rapidly activates cAMP Response Element Binding Protein (CREB), a transcription factor that regulates diverse cellular responses in macrophages. However, the mechanism(s) underlying CREB activation and its downstream roles in human macrophage responses to M.tb are largely unknown. Herein we determined that M.tb-induced CREB activation is dependent on signaling through MAPK p38 in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Using a CREB-specific inhibitor, we determined that M.tb-induced CREB activation leads to expression of immediate early genes including COX2, MCL-1, CCL8 and c-FOS, as well as inhibition of NF-kB p65 nuclear localization. These early CREB-mediated signaling events predicted that CREB inhibition would lead to enhanced macrophage control of M.tb growth, which we observed over days in culture. CREB inhibition also led to phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL, hallmarks of necroptosis. However, this was unaccompanied by cell death at the time points tested. Instead, bacterial control corresponded with increased colocalization of M.tb with the late endosome/lysosome marker LAMP-1. Increased phagolysosomal fusion detected during CREB inhibition was dependent on RIPK3-induced pMLKL, indicating that M.tb-induced CREB signaling limits phagolysosomal fusion through inhibition of the necroptotic signaling pathway. Altogether, our data show that M.tb induces CREB activation in human macrophages early post-infection to create an environment conducive to bacterial growth. Targeting certain aspects of the CREB-induced signaling pathway may represent an innovative approach for development of host-directed therapeutics to combat TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissy M. Leopold Wager
- Host Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jordan R. Bonifacio
- Host Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jan Simper
- Host Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Adrian A. Naoun
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eusondia Arnett
- Host Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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2
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Bruno G, Nastasi N, Subbiani A, Boaretto A, Ciullini Mannurita S, Mattei G, Nardini P, Della Bella C, Magi A, Pini A, De Marco E, Tondo A, Favre C, Calvani M. β3-adrenergic receptor on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes sustains IFN-γ-dependent PD-L1 expression and impairs anti-tumor immunity in neuroblastoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2023:10.1038/s41417-023-00599-x. [PMID: 36854895 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00599-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous extracranial tumor occurring in childhood. A distinctive feature of NB tumors is their neuroendocrine ability to secrete catecholamines, which in turn, via β-adrenergic receptors ligation, may affect different signaling pathways in tumor microenvironment (TME). It was previously demonstrated that specific antagonism of β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) on NB tumor cells affected tumor growth and progression. Here, in a murine syngeneic model of NB, we aimed to investigate whether the β3-AR modulation influenced the host immune system response against tumor. Results demonstrated that β3-AR antagonism lead to an immune response reactivation, partially dependent on the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis involvement. Indeed, β3-AR blockade on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) dampened their ability to secrete IFN-γ, which in turn reduced the PD-L1 expression, caused by TILs infiltration, on NB tumor cells. Further investigations, through a genomic analysis on NB patients, showed that high ADRB3 gene expression correlates with worse clinical outcome compared to the low expression group, and that ADRB3 gene expression affects different immune-related pathways. Overall, results indicate that β3-AR in NB TME is able to modulate the interaction between tumor and host immune system, and that its antagonism hits multiple pro-tumoral signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Bruno
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy. .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Nastasi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Subbiani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Boaretto
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Ciullini Mannurita
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Mattei
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Della Bella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela De Marco
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tondo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Maura Calvani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, A. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
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3
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Dysregulated expression of microRNAs in aqueous humor from intraocular tuberculosis patients. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:97-107. [PMID: 34677715 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection alters microRNA's expression that controls cellular processes and modulates host defense mechanisms. However, the role of miRNAs in intraocular tuberculosis (IOTB) remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to identify dysregulated miRNAs in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with IOTB. METHODS AH from intraocular tuberculosis patients (n = 2) and cataract controls (n = 2) were used for small RNA deep sequencing using HiSeq Illumina sequencing platform. Differentially expressed miRNAs and their targets were identified by the bioinformatics approach, and their regulatory functions were predicted by pathway enrichment analysis. The expression of selected miRNAs and their binding targets were further validated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS In total, we identified 56 differentially expressed miRNAs in the AH of intraocular tuberculosis (IOTB) patients compared to controls. We selected four significantly dysregulated miRNAs (miR-423-5p, miR-328-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-16-5p) based on the RT-qPCR validation and predicted their gene targets. We developed a miRNA-targets regulatory network by combining pathways of interest and genes associated with TB. We identified that these four miRNAs might play an important role in IOTB pathogenesis via tuberculosis-associated pathways; PI3K-Akt signaling, autophagy and MAPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, this study identifies the dysregulation of four miRNAs in the AH of IOTB patients using the ultra-low input small-RNA sequencing approach. Further target prediction and validation identify the role of these miRNAs in tuberculosis pathogenesis via tuberculosis-related pathways. This study identifies miRNAs as potentially ideal biomarkers in the aqueous humor of IOTB patients.
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Wen Q, Li Y, Han Z, Liu H, Zhang S, Chen Y, He J, Du X, Fu Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Zhou X, Zhou C, Hu S, Ma L. β-Arrestin 2 Regulates Inflammatory Responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection through ERK1/2 Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2623-2637. [PMID: 34001657 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogen that causes tuberculosis, exhibits complex host-pathogen interactions. Pattern recognition receptors and their downstream signaling pathways play crucial roles in determining the outcome of infection. In particular, the scaffold protein β-arrestin 2 mediates downstream signaling of G protein-coupled receptors. However, the role of β-arrestin 2 in conferring immunity against M. tuberculosis has not yet been explored. We found that β-arrestin 2 was upregulated in the lesioned regions of lung tissues in patients with tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis infection upregulated β-arrestin 2 expression in human macrophages, and silencing of β-arrestin 2 significantly enhanced bactericidal activity by enhancing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. β-Arrestin 2 was shown to inhibit the activation of the TLR2/ERK1/2 pathway and its transcriptional regulation activity upon M. tuberculosis infection. Furthermore, β-arrestin 2 transcriptionally regulates TNF-α by binding to CREB1. These observations revealed that the upregulation of β-arrestin 2 is critical for M. tuberculosis to escape immune surveillance through an unknown mechanism. Our research offers a novel interference modality to enhance the immune response against tuberculosis by targeting β-arrestin 2 to modulate the TLR2-β-arrestin 2-ERK1/2-CREB1-TNF-α regulatory axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimeng Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoxin Chen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun He
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xialin Du
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Fu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfeng Hu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Cruz Díaz LA, Gutiérrez Ortega A, Chávez Álvarez RDC, Velarde Félix JS, Prado Montes de Oca E. Regulatory SNP rs5743417 impairs constitutive expression of human β-defensin 1 and has high frequency in Africans and Afro-Americans. Int J Immunogenet 2020; 47:332-341. [PMID: 31994826 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The prediction of regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (rSNPs) in proximal promoters of disease-related genes could be a useful tool for personalized medicine in both patient stratification and customized therapy. Using our previously reported method of rSNPs prediction (currently a software called SNPClinic v.1.0) as well as with PredictSNP tool, we performed in silico prediction of regulatory SNPs in the antimicrobial peptide human β-defensin 1 gene in three human cell lines from 1,000 Genomes Project (1kGP), namely A549 (epithelial cell line), HL-60 (neutrophils) and TH 1 (lymphocytes). These predictions were run in a proximal pseudo-promoter comprising all common alleles on each polymorphic site according to the 1,000 Genomes Project data (1kGP: ALL). Plasmid vectors containing either the major or the minor allele of a putative rSNP rs5743417 (categorized as regulatory by SNPClinic and confirmed by PredictSNP) and a non-rSNP negative control were transfected to lung A549 human epithelial cell line. We assessed functionality of rSNPs by qPCR using the Pfaffl method. In A549 cells, minor allele of the SNP rs5743417 G→A showed a significant reduction in gene expression, diminishing DEFB1 transcription by 33% when compared with the G major allele (p-value = .03). SNP rs5743417 minor allele has high frequency in Gambians (8%, 1kGP population: GWD) and Afro-Americans (3.3%, 1kGP population: ASW). This SNP alters three transcription factors binding sites (TFBSs) comprising SREBP2 (sterols and haematopoietic pathways), CREB1 (cAMP, insulin and TNF pathways) and JUND (apoptosis, senescence and stress pathways) in the proximal promoter of DEFB1. Further in silico analysis reveals that this SNP also overlaps with GS1-24F4.2, a lincRNA gene complementary to the X Kell blood group related 5 (XKR5) mRNA. The potential clinical impact of the altered constitutive expression of DEFB1 caused by rSNP rs5743417 in DEFB1-associated diseases as tuberculosis, COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis and cancer in African and Afro-American populations deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Antonio Cruz Díaz
- Interinstitutional Posgrade in Science and Technology (PICYT), Research Center of Technology and Design Assistance of Jalisco State, (CIATEJ A.C.), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Laboratory of Regulatory SNPs, Personalized Medicine National Laboratory (LAMPER), Pharmaceutical and Medical Biotechnology, Central Unit, CIATEJ A.C., National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Abel Gutiérrez Ortega
- Laboratory of Regulatory SNPs, Personalized Medicine National Laboratory (LAMPER), Pharmaceutical and Medical Biotechnology, Central Unit, CIATEJ A.C., National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rocío Del Carmen Chávez Álvarez
- Laboratory of Regulatory SNPs, Personalized Medicine National Laboratory (LAMPER), Pharmaceutical and Medical Biotechnology, Central Unit, CIATEJ A.C., National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jesús Salvador Velarde Félix
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico.,Faculty of Biology, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico.,Genomic Medicine Center, Dr. Bernardo J. Gastélum Primary Care Hospital, Sinaloa Health Ministry, Culiacan, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Prado Montes de Oca
- Laboratory of Regulatory SNPs, Personalized Medicine National Laboratory (LAMPER), Pharmaceutical and Medical Biotechnology, Central Unit, CIATEJ A.C., National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Preventive Medicine, Personalized Medicine National Laboratory (LAMPER), Pharmaceutical and Medical Biotechnology, Central Unit, CIATEJ A.C., CONACYT, Guadalajara, Mexico.,Scripps Research Translational Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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6
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Upadhyay R, Dua B, Sharma B, Natrajan M, Jain AK, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy B, Joshi B. Transcription factors STAT-4, STAT-6 and CREB regulate Th1/Th2 response in leprosy patients: effect of M. leprae antigens. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:52. [PMID: 30642265 PMCID: PMC6332553 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3601-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leprosy is an ideal human disease to study T cell regulation as patients show correlation between cytokine skewed Th1-Th2 responses and clinical forms of the disease. The Role of transcription factors on the modulation of Th1 and Th2 responses by M. leprae antigens has not been adequately studied. In the present study, we studied the effect of M. leprae antigens on transcription factors STAT-4, STAT-6 and CREB and their correlation with Th1/Th2 cell mediated immune responses in leprosy. Methods Leprosy patients of both categories of tuberculoid leprosy (BT/TT) and lepromatous leprosy (BL/LL) were selected from the OPD of NJ1L & OMD, (ICMR), Agra and healthy individuals (H) were chosen from the staff and students working in the institute. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of the study subjects were stimulated with M. leprae antigens (WCL, MLSA, and PGL-1). Sandwich ELISA was done in the culture supernatants of healthy and leprosy patients to detect IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ. Further, expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 and activation of STAT4, STAT6 and CREB transcription factors in CD4+ T cell with or without stimulation of M. leprae antigens was investigated by flow cytometry. Results Lepromatous leprosy patients showed significantly lower IFN-γ and higher IL-4 levels in culture supernatant and significantly low expression of IFN-γ and higher expression of IL-4 by CD4+ T cells than healthy individuals with or without antigenic stimulation. Antigenic stimulation significantly increased IL-10 in BL/LL patients but not in BT/TT patients or healthy individuals. PGL-1 stimulation led to significantly higher activation of STAT-6 in BT/TT and BL/LL patients in comparison to healthy individuals. All the three antigens led to activation of CREB in healthy and BT/TT patients but not in BL/LL patients. Conclusion Our findings show that M. leprae antigens differentially modulate activation of T cell transcription factors STAT-4/STAT-6 and CREB. These transcription factors are well known to regulate Th1 and Th2 mediated immune response which in turn could play vital role in the clinical manifestations of leprosy. These observations may help to determine how these T cell transcription factors affect the development of immune dysfunction and whether these new pathways have a role in immunomodulation in intracellular diseases like leprosy and TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Upadhyay
- Department of Immunology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra, 282004, India
| | - Bhavyata Dua
- Department of Immunology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra, 282004, India
| | - Bhawna Sharma
- Department of Immunology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra, 282004, India
| | - Mohan Natrajan
- Clinical Division, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & OMD, Tajganj, Agra, 282004, India
| | - Ajai Kumar Jain
- Department of Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474001, India
| | | | - Beenu Joshi
- Department of Immunology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra, 282004, India.
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Antitumor Research of the Active Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medical Plant Polygonum Cuspidatum. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2313021. [PMID: 30584449 PMCID: PMC6280292 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2313021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the utilization of Chinese native medicine and other plant extracts in the treatment of diseases has attracted extensive attention, especially in the area of malignant tumors. However, lots of herbal remedies active ingredients have not been found or have been discovered but not effectively developed and applied. Therefore, screening new Chinese medicine active components and determining their antitumor effects have become a new breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of tumor disease. In the past years, a large number of studies have demonstrated that Polygonum cuspidatum and its active components like resveratrol showed excellent antitumor activities, including our own antitumor studies about resveratrol in colorectal cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research progress of Chinese herb Polygonum cuspidatum and its active components in tumor diseases and provide theoretical basis for further scientific experiments and clinical applications.
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Flores Saiffe Farías A, Jaime Herrera López E, Moreno Vázquez CJ, Li W, Prado Montes de Oca E. Predicting functional regulatory SNPs in the human antimicrobial peptide genes DEFB1 and CAMP in tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 59 Pt A:117-25. [PMID: 26447748 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) within gene promoter region or enhancers can modify the transcription rate of genes related to complex diseases. These SNPs can be called regulatory SNPs (rSNPs). Data compiled from recent projects, such as the 1000 Genomes Project and ENCODE, has revealed essential information used to perform in silico prediction of the molecular and biological repercussions of SNPs within TFBS. However, most of these studies are very limited, as they only analyze SNPs in coding regions or when applied to promoters, and do not integrate essential biological data like TFBSs, expression profiles, pathway analysis, homotypic redundancy (number of TFBSs for the same TF in a region), chromatin accessibility and others, which could lead to a more accurate prediction. Our aim was to integrate different data in a biologically coherent method to analyze the proximal promoter regions of two antimicrobial peptide genes, DEFB1 and CAMP, that are associated with tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS. We predicted SNPs within the promoter regions that are more likely to interact with transcription factors (TFs). We also assessed the impact of homotypic redundancy using a novel approach called the homotypic redundancy weight factor (HWF). Our results identified 10 SNPs, which putatively modify the binding affinity of 24 TFs previously identified as related to TB and HIV/AIDS expression profiles (e.g. KLF5, CEBPA and NFKB1 for TB; FOXP2, BRCA1, CEBPB, CREB1, EBF1 and ZNF354C for HIV/AIDS; and RUNX2, HIF1A, JUN/AP-1, NR4A2, EGR1 for both diseases). Validating with the OregAnno database and cell-specific functional/non functional SNPs from additional 13 genes, our algorithm performed 53% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity to detect functional rSNPs using the DNAseI-HUP database. We are proposing our algorithm as a novel in silico method to detect true functional rSNPs in antimicrobial peptide genes. With further improvement, this novel method could be applied to other promoters in order to design probes and to discover new drug targets for complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Flores Saiffe Farías
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory (LAMPER), Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Guadalajara Unit, Research Center of Technology and Design Assistance of Jalisco State, National Council of Science and Technology (CIATEJ AC, CONACYT), Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, CP 44270 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Enrique Jaime Herrera López
- Industrial Biotechnology, CIATEJ AC, Zapopan Unit, CONACYT, Camino Arenero 1227, Col. El Bajío del Arenal, CP 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Cristopher Jorge Moreno Vázquez
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory (LAMPER), Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Guadalajara Unit, Research Center of Technology and Design Assistance of Jalisco State, National Council of Science and Technology (CIATEJ AC, CONACYT), Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, CP 44270 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Wentian Li
- The Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr. Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
| | - Ernesto Prado Montes de Oca
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory (LAMPER), Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Guadalajara Unit, Research Center of Technology and Design Assistance of Jalisco State, National Council of Science and Technology (CIATEJ AC, CONACYT), Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, CP 44270 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biosafety Area, Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Guadalajara Unit, CIATEJ AC, CONACYT, Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, CP 44270 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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9
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Das S, Banerjee S, Majumder S, Paul Chowdhury B, Goswami A, Halder K, Chakraborty U, Pal NK, Majumdar S. Immune subversion by Mycobacterium tuberculosis through CCR5 mediated signaling: involvement of IL-10. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92477. [PMID: 24695099 PMCID: PMC3973661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is characterized by severe immunosuppression of the host macrophages, resulting in the loss of the host protective immune responses. During Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, the pathogen modulates C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) to enhance IL-10 production, indicating the possible involvement of CCR5 in regulation of the host immune response. Here, we found that Mycobacterium infection significantly increased CCR5 expression in macrophages there by facilitating the activation of its downstream signaling. These events culminated in up-regulation of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 production, which was further associated with the down-regulation of macrophage MHC-II expression along with the up-regulation of CCR5 expression via engagement of STAT-3 in a positive feedback loop. Treatment of macrophages with CCR5 specific siRNA abrogated the IL-10 production and restored MHCII expression. While, in vivo CCR5 silencing was also effective for the restoration of host immune responses against tuberculosis. This study demonstrated that CCR5 played a very critical role for the immune subversion mechanism employed by the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibali Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Saikat Majumder
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Avranil Goswami
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Kuntal Halder
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Urmita Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Nishith K. Pal
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
- Department of Microbiology, Malda Medical College, Malda, India
| | - Subrata Majumdar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail: .
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Cheng CC, Yang SP, Lin WS, Ho LJ, Lai JH, Cheng SM, Lin WY. Magnesium lithospermate B mediates anti-inflammation targeting activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways in human peripheral T lymphocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 13:354-61. [PMID: 22569344 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The activation of T lymphocytes contributes to the inflammatory processes of atherosclerotic diseases. Danshen is a traditional Chinese medicine and has shown therapeutic effects in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We investigated the effects of aqueous extract of Danshen (magnesium lithospermate B (MLB)) on phorbol 12-myristate acetate+ionomycin and anti-CD3+anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody-activated T cells. We showed that MLB inhibited interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma production from activated T cells. The expressions of T cell activation markers CD 25 and CD 69 were effectively reduced. EMSA analysis indicated that MLB down-regulated activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and octamer binding transcription factor (Oct-1) DNA-binding activity. In addition, MLB inhibited c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but not extracellular signal regulated protein kinase activity. MLB also inhibited IκBα degradation, nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 as well as decreased IκBα kinase (IKK) activity. Through suppressing JNK-AP-1, IKK-IκBα-NF-κB and Oct-1 signaling pathways by MLB in activated T cells, our results provide support for efficacy of MLB in inflammatory diseases and raise its therapeutic potential in activated T cell-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chung Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325 Section 2 Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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