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Redl S, Poehlein A, Esser C, Bengelsdorf FR, Jensen TØ, Jendresen CB, Tindall BJ, Daniel R, Dürre P, Nielsen AT. Genome-Based Comparison of All Species of the Genus Moorella, and Status of the Species Moorella thermoacetica and Moorella thermoautotrophica. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3070. [PMID: 32010113 PMCID: PMC6978639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermentation of gases provides a promising opportunity for the production of biochemicals from renewable resources, which has resulted in a growing interest in acetogenic bacteria. Thermophilic organisms provide potential advantages for the fermentation of, e.g., syngas into for example volatile compounds, and the thermophiles Moorella thermoacetica and Moorella thermoautotrophica have become model organisms of acetogenic metabolism. The justification for the recognition of the closely related species M. thermoautotrophica has, however, recently been disputed. In order to expand knowledge on the genus, we have here genome sequenced a total of 12 different M. thermoacetica and M. thermoautotrophica strains. From the sequencing results, it became clear that M. thermoautotrophica DSM 1974T consists of at least two different strains. Two different strains were isolated in Lyngby and Ulm from a DSM 1974T culture obtained from the DSMZ (Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Brunswick, Germany). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between all the sequenced genomes, suggesting that the two strains detected in the type strain of the species M. thermoautotrophica could not be distinguished at the species level from M. thermoacetica. Despite genetic similarities, differences in genomic features were observed between the strains. Differences in compounds that can serve as carbon and energy sources for selected strains were also identified. On the contrary, strain DSM 21394, currently still named M. thermoacetica, obviously represents a new Moorella species. In addition, based on genome analysis and comparison M. glycerini NMP, M. stamsii DSM 26217T, and M. perchloratireducens An10 cannot be distinguished at the species level. Thus, this comprehensive analysis provides a significantly increased knowledge of the genetic diversity of Moorella strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Redl
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anja Poehlein
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carola Esser
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank R Bengelsdorf
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Torbjørn Ø Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian B Jendresen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Brian J Tindall
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Dürre
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alex T Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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Takors R, Kopf M, Mampel J, Bluemke W, Blombach B, Eikmanns B, Bengelsdorf FR, Weuster-Botz D, Dürre P. Using gas mixtures of CO, CO 2 and H 2 as microbial substrates: the do's and don'ts of successful technology transfer from laboratory to production scale. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:606-625. [PMID: 29761637 PMCID: PMC6011938 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduction of CO2 emissions is a global effort which is not only supported by the society and politicians but also by the industry. Chemical producers worldwide follow the strategic goal to reduce CO2 emissions by replacing existing fossil-based production routes with sustainable alternatives. The smart use of CO and CO2 /H2 mixtures even allows to produce important chemical building blocks consuming the said gases as substrates in carboxydotrophic fermentations with acetogenic bacteria. However, existing industrial infrastructure and market demands impose constraints on microbes, bioprocesses and products that require careful consideration to ensure technical and economic success. The mini review provides scientific and industrial facets finally to enable the successful implementation of gas fermentation technologies in the industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Takors
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Kopf
- BASF SE, Bio-Process Development, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Joerg Mampel
- BRAIN AG, Darmstädter Straße 34-36, 64673, Zwingenberg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Bluemke
- Evonik Technology and Infrastructure GmbH, Process Technology & Engineering, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - Bastian Blombach
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernhard Eikmanns
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank R Bengelsdorf
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dirk Weuster-Botz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Dürre
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Draft Genome Sequence of Moorella sp. Strain Hama-1, a Novel Acetogenic Bacterium Isolated from a Thermophilic Digestion Reactor. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/24/e00517-18. [PMID: 29903821 PMCID: PMC6003730 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00517-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Moorella sp. strain Hama-1 was isolated from a thermophilic anaerobic digestion reactor treating poly(l-lactic acid). The strain is a thermophilic acetogen capable of lactate oxidation under anaerobic conditions. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain Hama-1, comprising 3.27 Mb in 48 contigs, with a G+C content of 56.6%.
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Hydrogenogenic Carboxydotroph Moorella stamsii DSM 26271. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/18/e00345-18. [PMID: 29724835 PMCID: PMC5940957 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00345-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The spore-forming, thermophilic, and obligate anaerobic bacterium Moorella stamsii was isolated from digester sludge. Apart from its ability to use carbon monoxide for growth, M. stamsii harbors several enzymes for the use of different sugars. The draft genome has a size of 3,329 Mb and contains 3,306 predicted protein-encoding genes.
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Bengelsdorf FR, Beck MH, Erz C, Hoffmeister S, Karl MM, Riegler P, Wirth S, Poehlein A, Weuster-Botz D, Dürre P. Bacterial Anaerobic Synthesis Gas (Syngas) and CO 2+H 2 Fermentation. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 103:143-221. [PMID: 29914657 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic bacterial gas fermentation gains broad interest in various scientific, social, and industrial fields. This microbial process is carried out by a specific group of bacterial strains called acetogens. All these strains employ the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway but they belong to different taxonomic groups. Here we provide an overview of the metabolism of acetogens and naturally occurring products. Characteristics of 61 strains were summarized and selected acetogens described in detail. Acetobacterium woodii, Clostridium ljungdahlii, and Moorella thermoacetica serve as model organisms. Results of approaches such as genome-scale modeling, proteomics, and transcriptomics are discussed. Metabolic engineering of acetogens can be used to expand the product portfolio to platform chemicals and to study different aspects of cell physiology. Moreover, the fermentation of gases requires specific reactor configurations and the development of the respective technology, which can be used for an industrial application. Even though the overall process will have a positive effect on climate, since waste and greenhouse gases could be converted into commodity chemicals, some legislative barriers exist, which hamper successful exploitation of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank R Bengelsdorf
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Matthias H Beck
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Catarina Erz
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabrina Hoffmeister
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael M Karl
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Riegler
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Steffen Wirth
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anja Poehlein
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Weuster-Botz
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Dürre
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Genome Sequence of the Homoacetogenic, Gram-Negative, Endospore-Forming Bacterium Sporomusa acidovorans DSM 3132. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/38/e00981-17. [PMID: 28935740 PMCID: PMC5609419 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00981-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Sporomusa acidovorans DSM 3132 is a strictly anaerobic, spore-forming and acetogenic bacterium, which was isolated from effluent of an alcohol distillation fermenter. The genome harbors genes involved in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for carbon fixation and several genes for glycerol metabolism. The genome (6.06 Mb) contains 4,506 predicted protein-encoding genes.
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First Insights into the Genome Sequence of the Strictly Anaerobic Homoacetogenic Sporomusa sphaeroides Strain E (DSM 2875). GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/12/e00037-17. [PMID: 28336590 PMCID: PMC5364215 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00037-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Sporomusa sphaeroides strain E (DSM 2875), a strict anaerobic homoacetogenic bacterium. It is able to grow autotrophically on different one-carbon compounds. The strain possesses several genes of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. The genome consists of a single chromosome (4.98 Mb).
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