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Neoh CF, Chen SCA, Lanternier F, Tio SY, Halliday CL, Kidd SE, Kong DCM, Meyer W, Hoenigl M, Slavin MA. Scedosporiosis and lomentosporiosis: modern perspectives on these difficult-to-treat rare mold infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0000423. [PMID: 38551323 PMCID: PMC11237582 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00004-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYAlthough Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans are uncommon causes of invasive fungal diseases (IFDs), these infections are associated with high mortality and are costly to treat with a limited armamentarium of antifungal drugs. In light of recent advances, including in the area of new antifungals, the present review provides a timely and updated overview of these IFDs, with a focus on the taxonomy, clinical epidemiology, pathogenesis and host immune response, disease manifestations, diagnosis, antifungal susceptibility, and treatment. An expansion of hosts at risk for these difficult-to-treat infections has emerged over the last two decades given the increased use of, and broader population treated with, immunomodulatory and targeted molecular agents as well as wider adoption of antifungal prophylaxis. Clinical presentations differ not only between genera but also across the different Scedosporium species. L. prolificans is intrinsically resistant to most currently available antifungal agents, and the prognosis of immunocompromised patients with lomentosporiosis is poor. Development of, and improved access to, diagnostic modalities for early detection of these rare mold infections is paramount for timely targeted antifungal therapy and surgery if indicated. New antifungal agents (e.g., olorofim, fosmanogepix) with novel mechanisms of action and less cross-resistance to existing classes, availability of formulations for oral administration, and fewer drug-drug interactions are now in late-stage clinical trials, and soon, could extend options to treat scedosporiosis/lomentosporiosis. Much work remains to increase our understanding of these infections, especially in the pediatric setting. Knowledge gaps for future research are highlighted in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Fen Neoh
- National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon C-A Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fanny Lanternier
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Translational Mycology research group, Mycology Department, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Shio Yen Tio
- National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catriona L Halliday
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah E Kidd
- National Mycology Reference Centre, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David C M Kong
- National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- The National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infections and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wieland Meyer
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Hoenigl
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Translational Medical Mycology Research Group, ECMM Excellence Center for Clinical Mycology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Monica A Slavin
- National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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2
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Venice F, Spina F, Davolos D, Ghignone S, Varese GC. The genomes of Scedosporium between environmental challenges and opportunism. IMA Fungus 2023; 14:25. [PMID: 38049914 PMCID: PMC10694956 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-023-00128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging fungal pathogens are a global challenge for humankind. Many efforts have been made to understand the mechanisms underlying pathogenicity in bacteria, and OMICs techniques are largely responsible for those advancements. By contrast, our limited understanding of opportunism and antifungal resistance is preventing us from identifying, limiting and interpreting the emergence of fungal pathogens. The genus Scedosporium (Microascaceae) includes fungi with high tolerance to environmental pollution, whilst some species can be considered major human pathogens, such as Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium boydii. However, unlike other fungal pathogens, little is known about the genome evolution of these organisms. We sequenced two novel genomes of Scedosporium aurantiacum and Scedosporium minutisporum isolated from extreme, strongly anthropized environments. We compared all the available Scedosporium and Microascaceae genomes, that we systematically annotated and characterized ex novo in most cases. The genomes in this family were integrated in a Phylum-level comparison to infer the presence of putative, shared genomic traits in filamentous ascomycetes with pathogenic potential. The analysis included the genomes of 100 environmental and clinical fungi, revealing poor evolutionary convergence of putative pathogenicity traits. By contrast, several features in Microascaceae and Scedosporium were detected that might have a dual role in responding to environmental challenges and allowing colonization of the human body, including chitin, melanin and other cell wall related genes, proteases, glutaredoxins and magnesium transporters. We found these gene families to be impacted by expansions, orthologous transposon insertions, and point mutations. With RNA-seq, we demonstrated that most of these anciently impacted genomic features responded to the stress imposed by an antifungal compound (voriconazole) in the two environmental strains S. aurantiacum MUT6114 and S. minutisporum MUT6113. Therefore, the present genomics and transcriptomics investigation stands on the edge between stress resistance and pathogenic potential, to elucidate whether fungi were pre-adapted to infect humans. We highlight the strengths and limitations of genomics applied to opportunistic human pathogens, the multifactoriality of pathogenicity and resistance to drugs, and suggest a scenario where pressures other than anthropic contributed to forge filamentous human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Venice
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Spina
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Domenico Davolos
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements (DIT), INAIL, Research Area, Via R. Ferruzzi 38/40, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ghignone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), SS Turin-National Research Council (CNR), Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cristina Varese
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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3
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Brackin AP, Hemmings SJ, Fisher MC, Rhodes J. Fungal Genomics in Respiratory Medicine: What, How and When? Mycopathologia 2021; 186:589-608. [PMID: 34490551 PMCID: PMC8421194 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-021-00573-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory infections caused by fungal pathogens present a growing global health concern and are a major cause of death in immunocompromised patients. Worryingly, coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome has been shown to predispose some patients to airborne fungal co-infections. These include secondary pulmonary aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Aspergillosis is most commonly caused by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus and primarily treated using the triazole drug group, however in recent years, this fungus has been rapidly gaining resistance against these antifungals. This is of serious clinical concern as multi-azole resistant forms of aspergillosis have a higher risk of mortality when compared against azole-susceptible infections. With the increasing numbers of COVID-19 and other classes of immunocompromised patients, early diagnosis of fungal infections is critical to ensuring patient survival. However, time-limited diagnosis is difficult to achieve with current culture-based methods. Advances within fungal genomics have enabled molecular diagnostic methods to become a fast, reproducible, and cost-effective alternative for diagnosis of respiratory fungal pathogens and detection of antifungal resistance. Here, we describe what techniques are currently available within molecular diagnostics, how they work and when they have been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie P. Brackin
- MRC Centre for Global Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sam J. Hemmings
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew C. Fisher
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Johanna Rhodes
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
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4
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Shiller J, Duvaux L, Vandeputte P, Lemaire C, Rougeron A, De Bernonville TD, Giraud S, Le Cam B, Bouchara JP, Gastebois A. Draft Genome Sequence of the Environmental Fungus Scedosporium dehoogii. Mycopathologia 2021; 186:889-892. [PMID: 34570289 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-021-00582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Today, the genus Scedosporium comprises at least ten species with four of them, Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium boydii, Scedosporium aurantiacum and Scedosporium minutisporum capable of colonizing the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. Scedosporium dehoogii, which is also common in the soil, has never been reported as causing human pulmonary infections. Here we report the first genome sequence for S. dehoogii, an invaluable resource to understand the genetic bases of pathogenesis in the genus Scedosporium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Shiller
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Ludovic Duvaux
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000, Angers, France.,Univ Angers, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CHU Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA3142), SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Patrick Vandeputte
- Univ Angers, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CHU Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA3142), SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Christophe Lemaire
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Amandine Rougeron
- Univ Angers, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CHU Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA3142), SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Thomas Dugé De Bernonville
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106, Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales (EA2106), 37000, Tours, France
| | - Sandrine Giraud
- Univ Angers, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CHU Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA3142), SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Bruno Le Cam
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- Univ Angers, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CHU Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA3142), SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Amandine Gastebois
- Univ Angers, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CHU Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA3142), SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France.
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5
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Biochemical and structural studies of target lectin SapL1 from the emerging opportunistic microfungus Scedosporium apiospermum. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16109. [PMID: 34373510 PMCID: PMC8352872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Scedosporium apiospermum is an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for life-threatening infections in humans. Host-pathogen interactions often implicate lectins that have become therapeutic targets for the development of carbohydrate mimics for antiadhesive therapy. Here, we present the first report on the identification and characterization of a lectin from S. apiospermum named SapL1. SapL1 was found using bioinformatics as a homolog to the conidial surface lectin FleA from Aspergillus fumigatus known to play a role in the adhesion to host glycoconjugates present in human lung epithelium. In our strategy to obtain recombinant SapL1, we discovered the importance of osmolytes to achieve its expression in soluble form in bacteria. Analysis of glycan arrays indicates specificity for fucosylated oligosaccharides as expected. Submicromolar affinity was measured for fucose using isothermal titration calorimetry. We solved SapL1 crystal structure in complex with α-methyl-L-fucoside and analyzed its structural basis for fucose binding. We finally demonstrated that SapL1 binds to bronchial epithelial cells in a fucose-dependent manner. The information gathered here will contribute to the design and development of glycodrugs targeting SapL1.
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6
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Chen SCA, Halliday CL, Hoenigl M, Cornely OA, Meyer W. Scedosporium and Lomentospora Infections: Contemporary Microbiological Tools for the Diagnosis of Invasive Disease. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:23. [PMID: 33406673 PMCID: PMC7823285 DOI: 10.3390/jof7010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scedosporium/Lomentospora fungi are increasingly recognized pathogens. As these fungi are resistant to many antifungal agents, early diagnosis is essential for initiating targeted drug therapy. Here, we review the microbiological tools for the detection and diagnosis of invasive scedosporiosis and lomentosporiosis. Of over 10 species, Lomentospora prolificans, Scedosporium apiospermum, S. boydii and S. aurantiacum cause the majority of infections. Definitive diagnosis relies on one or more of visualization, isolation or detection of the fungus from clinical specimens by microscopy techniques, culture and molecular methods such as panfungal PCR or genus-/species-specific multiplex PCR. For isolation from respiratory tract specimens, selective media have shown improved isolation rates. Species identification is achieved by macroscopic and microscopic examination of colonies, but species should be confirmed by ITS with or without β-tubulin gene sequencing or other molecular methods. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry databases are improving but may need supplementation by in-house spectra for species identification. Reference broth microdilution methods is preferred for antifungal susceptibility testing. Next-generation sequencing technologies have good potential for characterization of these pathogens. Diagnosis of Scedosporium/Lomentospora infections relies on multiple approaches encompassing both phenotypic- and molecular-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C.-A. Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia;
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Catriona L. Halliday
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia;
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Martin Hoenigl
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA;
- Clinical and Translational Fungal-Working Group, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver A. Cornely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany;
- Translational Research Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Koln), 50923 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Westmead Hospital (Research and Education Network), Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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7
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Bouchara JP, Le Govic Y, Kabbara S, Cimon B, Zouhair R, Hamze M, Papon N, Nevez G. Advances in understanding and managing Scedosporium respiratory infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 14:259-273. [PMID: 31868041 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1705787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Considered for a long time to be exclusively responsible for chronic localized infections, fungi of the genus Scedosporium have recently received a renewed interest because of their recognition as common colonizing agents of the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis, and of the description of severe disseminated infections in patients undergoing lung transplantation. Recently, several studies have been carried out on these opportunistic pathogens, which led to some advances in the understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms and in the biological diagnosis of the airway colonization/respiratory infections caused by these fungi.Areas covered: From a bibliographic search on the Pubmed database, we summarize the current knowledge about the taxonomy of Scedosporium species, the epidemiology of these fungi and their pathogenic mechanisms, and present the improvements in the detection of the airway colonization and diagnosis of Scedosporium respiratory infections, the difficulties in their therapeutic management, and the antifungal drugs in development.Expert opinion: As described in this review, many advances have been made regarding the taxonomy and ecology of Scedosporium species or the molecular determinants of their pathogenicity, but also in the management of Scedosporium infections, particularly by improving the biological diagnostic and publishing evidence for the efficacy of combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, SFR 4208 ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Yohann Le Govic
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, SFR 4208 ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Samar Kabbara
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, SFR 4208 ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Bernard Cimon
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, SFR 4208 ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Rachid Zouhair
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, SFR 4208 ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie, Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, SFR 4208 ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Gilles Nevez
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Brest, France
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8
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Patterns of coevolution between ambrosia beetle mycangia and the Ceratocystidaceae, with five new fungal genera and seven new species. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 2019; 44:41-66. [PMID: 33116335 PMCID: PMC7567963 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ambrosia beetles farm specialised fungi in sapwood tunnels and use pocket-like organs called mycangia to carry propagules of the fungal cultivars. Ambrosia fungi selectively grow in mycangia, which is central to the symbiosis, but the history of coevolution between fungal cultivars and mycangia is poorly understood. The fungal family Ceratocystidaceae previously included three ambrosial genera (Ambrosiella, Meredithiella, and Phialophoropsis), each farmed by one of three distantly related tribes of ambrosia beetles with unique and relatively large mycangium types. Studies on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary histories of these three genera were expanded with the previously unstudied ambrosia fungi associated with a fourth mycangium type, that of the tribe Scolytoplatypodini. Using ITS rDNA barcoding and a concatenated dataset of six loci (28S rDNA, 18S rDNA, tef1-α, tub, mcm7, and rpl1), a comprehensive phylogeny of the family Ceratocystidaceae was developed, including Inodoromyces interjectus gen. & sp. nov., a non-ambrosial species that is closely related to the family. Three minor morphological variants of the pronotal disk mycangium of the Scolytoplatypodini were associated with ambrosia fungi in three respective clades of Ceratocystidaceae: Wolfgangiella gen. nov., Toshionella gen. nov., and Ambrosiella remansi sp. nov. Closely-related species that are not symbionts of ambrosia beetles are accommodated by Catunica adiposa gen. & comb. nov. and Solaloca norvegica gen. & comb. nov. The divergent morphology of the ambrosial genera and their phylogenetic placement among non-ambrosial genera suggest three domestication events in the Ceratocystidaceae. Estimated divergence dates for the ambrosia fungi and mycangia suggest that Scolytoplatypodini mycangia may have been the first to acquire Ceratocystidaceae symbionts and other ambrosial fungal genera emerged shortly after the evolution of new mycangium types. There is no evidence of reversion to a non-ambrosial lifestyle in the mycangial symbionts.
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Mello TP, Bittencourt VCB, Liporagi-Lopes LC, Aor AC, Branquinha MH, Santos AL. Insights into the social life and obscure side of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species: ubiquitous, emerging and multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogens. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Schwarz C, Vandeputte P, Rougeron A, Giraud S, Dugé de Bernonville T, Duvaux L, Gastebois A, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Martín-Gomez MT, Mazuelos EM, Sole A, Cano J, Pemán J, Quindos G, Botterel F, Bougnoux ME, Chen S, Delhaès L, Favennec L, Ranque S, Sedlacek L, Steinmann J, Vazquez J, Williams C, Meyer W, Le Gal S, Nevez G, Fleury M, Papon N, Symoens F, Bouchara JP. Developing collaborative works for faster progress on fungal respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis. Med Mycol 2018. [PMID: 29538733 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the major genetic inherited disease in Caucasian populations. The respiratory tract of CF patients displays a sticky viscous mucus, which allows for the entrapment of airborne bacteria and fungal spores and provides a suitable environment for growth of microorganisms, including numerous yeast and filamentous fungal species. As a consequence, respiratory infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in this clinical context. Although bacteria remain the most common agents of these infections, fungal respiratory infections have emerged as an important cause of disease. Therefore, the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) has launched a working group on Fungal respiratory infections in Cystic Fibrosis (Fri-CF) in October 2006, which was subsequently approved by the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM). Meetings of this working group, comprising both clinicians and mycologists involved in the follow-up of CF patients, as well as basic scientists interested in the fungal species involved, provided the opportunity to initiate collaborative works aimed to improve our knowledge on these infections to assist clinicians in patient management. The current review highlights the outcomes of some of these collaborative works in clinical surveillance, pathogenesis and treatment, giving special emphasis to standardization of culture procedures, improvement of species identification methods including the development of nonculture-based diagnostic methods, microbiome studies and identification of new biological markers, and the description of genotyping studies aiming to differentiate transient carriage and chronic colonization of the airways. The review also reports on the breakthrough in sequencing the genomes of the main Scedosporium species as basis for a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of these fungi, and discusses treatment options of infections caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms, such as Scedosporium and Lomentospora species and members of the Rasamsonia argillacea species complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schwarz
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis Center Berlin/Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Vandeputte
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU, Angers, France
| | - Amandine Rougeron
- Université de Bordeaux, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité UMR 5234, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Giraud
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France
| | - Thomas Dugé de Bernonville
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales (EA 2106), Département de Biologie et Physiologie Végétales, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université François Rabelais, Tours
| | - Ludovic Duvaux
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France.,Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), UMR INRA 1345, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Amandine Gastebois
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France
| | - Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Martín-Gomez
- Respiratory Bacteriology Unit & Clinical Mycology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Amparo Sole
- Unidad de Trasplante Pulmonar y Fibrosis Quística, Hospital Universitari la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Cano
- Mycology Unit, Medical School/Oenology School, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Javier Pemán
- Unidad de Micología, Servicio de Microbiología, Universitari la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindos
- Laboratorio de Micología Médica, Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Françoise Botterel
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | - Sharon Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR - Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurence Delhaès
- Center for Cardiothoracic Research of Bordeaux, Inserm U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Loïc Favennec
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, EA 3800, CHU Charles Nicolle and Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Ranque
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, AP-HM Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Ludwig Sedlacek
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Steinmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jose Vazquez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Craig Williams
- University of the West of Scotland, Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, United Kingdom
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical School, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Solène Le Gal
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Brest, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU, Brest, France
| | - Gilles Nevez
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Brest, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU, Brest, France
| | - Maxime Fleury
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France
| | - Françoise Symoens
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Study Group (EA 3142), UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Université Bretagne-Loire, Angers, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU, Angers, France
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Nevalainen H, Kaur J, Han Z, Kautto L, Ramsperger M, Meyer W, Chen SCA. Biological, biochemical and molecular aspects of Scedosporium aurantiacum, a primary and opportunistic fungal pathogen. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Luplertlop N. Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium complex species: From saprobic to pathogenic fungus. J Mycol Med 2018; 28:249-256. [PMID: 29567285 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Scedosporiosis is an emerging fungal infection caused by Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium complex species (PSC). This pathogen has been drawn significant interest in recent years due to its worldwide prevalence, the seriousness of its infection, associated with high mortality in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts and its cryptic ecology, distribution and epidemiology across the globe. These species complexes can be found in environments impacted by human. The purpose of this review is to describe the characteristics, mode of transmission, ecology, prevalence, global epidemiology of this fungal group in order to increase the awareness of among clinicians and microbiologists, especially in regions with high endemic, as well as to promote further research on all of its aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Luplertlop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand.
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