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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang C, Feng C, Yuan W, Lin X, Wu S. Development of a droplet digital PCR assay for sensitive detection of porcine circovirus 3. Mol Cell Probes 2018; 43:50-57. [PMID: 30468765 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3), a newly emerged circovirus, is associated with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure and multi-systemic inflammation disease, and is widely distributed in pig populations worldwide. Therefore, developing specific diagnostic assays will be important for controlling this emerging pathogen. In this study, we developed a novel droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay targeting the PCV3 cap gene to improve the sensitivity of PCV3 detection. The established assay is highly specific to PCV3, and does not cross react with other important swine pathogens. The assay's detection limit was 1.68 ± 0.29 copies of PCV3 DNA per reaction (n = 8), an approximately 10-fold greater sensitivity than that of our previously developed quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay for the same virus. The ddPCR assay results were highly reproducible, with intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation values of <9.0%. Of the 239 archived pig tissue and serum samples, 42 tested positive for PCV3 by the ddPCR assay. Among the 42 positive samples, 31 tested positive by the qPCR assay. Notably, PCV3 was detected in the serum samples collected from commercially imported healthy boars from the US, France and the UK during 2011-2017. The overall agreement between the two assays was 95.39% (228/239). Furthermore, the linear regression analysis showed that the ddPCR and the qPCR results were significantly correlated with an R2 value of 0.9945. Collectively, these results indicate that the ddPCR assay is a robust diagnostic tool for sensitive detection of PCV3, even in samples with low viral loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongning Zhang
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China.
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhanying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zili Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Chunyan Feng
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Wanzhe Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xiangmei Lin
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Shaoqiang Wu
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China.
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Real-time RPA assay for rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type pseudorabies and gE-deleted vaccine viruses. Anal Biochem 2018; 543:122-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu L, Pang X, Yuan W. Development of a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for the specific detection of porcine circovirus 3. J Virol Methods 2017; 248:177-180. [PMID: 28743583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a novel circovirus that was associated with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure, and multisystemic inflammation. The objective of this study was to develop a rapid, simple, specific and sensitive TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for PCV3 detection. Specific primers and probe were designed for the cap gene of PCV3 within the conserved region of viral genome. The assay was highly specific for PCV3, without cross-reactions with other non-targeted pig viruses. The detection limit of this assay was 102 copies. The assay had an efficiency of 95.7%, a regression squared value (R2) of 0.994 and showed a linear range of 102-107 copies PCV3 DNA per reaction. The assay was also very reproducible, with the intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation less than 2.0%. For the 112 archived clinical samples collected from 2014 to March 2017, the PCV3 positive ratio was 12.5% (14/112) with the real-time PCR. The presence of the PCV3 dated back to at least 2014 in China and samples collected in 2017 had the highest PCV3 positive ratio (46.7%, 7/15). The real-time PCR assay could be used for detection of PCV3 in epidemiological and pathogenesis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Wang
- Center of Inspection and Quarantine, Hebei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Yongning Zhang
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Center of Inspection and Quarantine, Hebei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Libing Liu
- Center of Inspection and Quarantine, Hebei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Xiaoyu Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Wanzhe Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China.
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Wang JC, Liu LB, Han QA, Wang JF, Yuan WZ. An exo probe-based recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the rapid detection of porcine parvovirus. J Virol Methods 2017; 248:145-147. [PMID: 28690087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), an isothermal amplification technology, has been developed as an alternative to PCR in pathogen detection. A real-time RPA assay (rt-RPA) was developed to detect the porcine parvovirus (PPV) using primers and exo probe specific for the VP2 gene. The amplification was performed at 39°C for 20min. There was no cross-reaction with other pathogens tested. Using the recombinant plasmid pPPV-VP2 as template, the analytical sensitivity was 103 copies. The assay performance was evaluated by testing 115 field samples by rt-RPA and a real-time PCR assay. The diagnostic agreement between assays was 100%, and PPV DNA was detected in 94 samples. The R2 value of rt-RPA and real-time PCR was 0.909 by linear regression analysis. The developed rt-RPA assay provides a useful alternative tool for rapid, simple and reliable detection of PPV in diagnostic laboratories and at point-of-care, especially in remote and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chang Wang
- Center of Inspection and Quarantine, Hebei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Li-Bing Liu
- Center of Inspection and Quarantine, Hebei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Qing-An Han
- Hebei Animal Disease Control Center, Shijiazhuang 050050, China
| | - Jin-Feng Wang
- Center of Inspection and Quarantine, Hebei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Wan-Zhe Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China.
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Development of a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of porcine circovirus 2. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2293-2296. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Guo LJ, Fu YJ, Huang LP, Wang YP, Wei YW, Wu HL, Liu CM. A commercial PCV2a-based vaccine is effective in protection from experimental challenge of PCV2 mutant with two amino acids elongation in capsid protein. Vaccine 2015; 33:3752-7. [PMID: 26051516 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Current commercial PCV2 vaccines are almost based on PCV2a and have been shown to be effective in reducing PCV2a and PCV2b viremia and PCV2-associated lesions and diseases. The recent emergence of novel mutant PCV2 (mPCV2) strains and linkage of mPCV2 with cases of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) in pig herds have raised concerns over emergence of vaccine-escape mutants and reduced efficacy of PCV2a-based vaccines. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of a commercial PCV2a-based vaccine developed by our laboratory to protect conventional pigs against experimental challenge with mPCV2 at 9 weeks of age. Twenty 4-week-old pigs free of PCV2 infection were randomly divided into four treatment groups with 5 pigs each. Two groups were unvaccinated as positive and negative controls. Another two groups were vaccinated with the commercial PCV2a-based vaccine (PCV2-LG strain, China) at 4 weeks of age and identical booster immunization was conducted 3 weeks post primary immunization. At 9 weeks of age, all pigs except the negative control were challenged with a mutant PCV2b/YJ (mPCV2b/YJ) with two amino acids elongation in capsid protein. The experiment was terminated 28 days after challenge. Under the conditions of this study, vaccinated pigs were protected against PCV2 viremia and lesions whereas unvaccinated pigs were not. Moreover, mPCV2b/YJ infection was demonstrated in positive control and almost all had macroscopic or microscopic lesions consistent with PCVAD while negative control did not develop PCVAD. This study indicates that mPCV2b/YJ infection alone can trigger PCVAD development and that the commercial vaccine (PCV2-LG) is still effective in protecting conventional pigs against the emerging mPCV2b/YJ strain in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Jun Guo
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China; Shenyang Institute of Technology, No. 1, East Binhe Road, Development Zone, Fushun 113122, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Huang
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yan-Wu Wei
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Hong-Li Wu
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chang-Ming Liu
- Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Nangang Region, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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