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Zhang XJ, Zhong YQ, Ma ZY, Hu YZ, Su JG, Zhang YA. Insights into the Antibacterial Properties of Complement Peptides C3a, C4a, and C5a across Vertebrates. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:ji2101019. [PMID: 36280254 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Complement peptides C3a, C4a, and C5a are important components of innate immunity in vertebrates. Although they diverged from a common ancestor, only C3a and C4a can act as antibacterial peptides in Homo sapiens, suggesting that C5a has evolved into a purely chemotactic molecule; however, the antibacterial properties of C3a, C4a, and C5a across vertebrates still require elucidation. In this article, we show that, unlike those in H. sapiens, Mus musculus C3a, C4a, and C5a all possess antibacterial activities, implying that the antibacterial properties of C3a, C4a, and C5a have evolved divergently in vertebrates. The extremely different net charge, a key factor determining the antibacterial activities of cationic antimicrobial peptides, of vertebrate C3a, C4a, and C5a supports this speculation. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of overlapping peptides covering vertebrate C3a, C4a, and C5a further strongly supports the speculation, because their activity is positively correlated with the net charge of source molecules. Notably, the structures of C3a, C4a, and C5a are conserved in vertebrates, and the inactive overlapping peptides can become antibacterial peptides if mutated to possess enough net positive charges, indicating that net charge is the only factor determining the antibacterial properties of vertebrate C3a, C4a, and C5a. More importantly, many vertebrate C3a-, C4a-, and C5a-derived peptides possess high antibacterial activities yet exhibit no hemolytic activities, suggesting the application potential in anti-infective therapy. Taken together, our findings reveal that vertebrate C3a, C4a, and C5a are all sources of antibacterial peptides that will facilitate the design of excellent peptide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; and
| | - Ya-Qin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-You Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Guo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Mahajan S, Sunsunwal S, Gautam V, Singh M, Ramya TNC. Biofilm inhibitory effect of alginate lyases on mucoid P. aeruginosa from a cystic fibrosis patient. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:101028. [PMID: 34095554 PMCID: PMC8165544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are a major scourge in cystic fibrosis patients. Mucoid P. aeruginosa displays structured alginate-rich biofilms that are resistant to antibiotics. Here, we have assessed the efficacy of a panel of alginate lyases in combating mucoid P. aeruginosa biofilms in cystic fibrosis. Albeit we could not demonstrate alginate degradation by alginate lyases in sputum, we demonstrate that the endotypic alginate lyases, CaAly (from Cellulophaga algicola) and VspAlyVI (from Vibrio sp. QY101) and the exotypic alginate lyases, FspAlyFRB (from Falsirhodobacterium sp. alg1), and SA1-IV (from Sphingomonas sp. A1), indeed inhibit biofilm formation by a mucoid P. aeruginosa strain isolated from the sputum of a cystic fibrosis patient with comparative effect to that of the glycoside hydrolase PslG, a promising candidate for biofilm treatment. We believe that these enzymes should be explored for in vivo efficacy in future studies. A P. aeruginosa strain was isolated from the sputum of a cystic fibrosis patient. The anti-biofilm efficacy of endotypic and exotypic alginate lyases was assessed. Alginate lyases CaAly, VspAlyVI, FspAlyFRB, and SA1-IV inhibited biofilm formation. Similar anti-biofilm effect was observed for the glycoside hydrolase, PslG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Mahajan
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Sonali Sunsunwal
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Vikas Gautam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Meenu Singh
- Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - T N C Ramya
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
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Kamarajan BP, Muthusamy A. Survival strategy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the nanopillar topography of dragonfly (Pantala flavescens) wing. AMB Express 2020; 10:85. [PMID: 32378141 PMCID: PMC7203277 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of nanopillars on the surface of the insect wings had led to the understanding of its bactericidal property. Nanopillar topography is deterrent to only those bacteria that are attached, or in close contact with the nanopillars. The present study investigated the variation in the viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains PAO1 (virulent) and ATCC 9027 (avirulent) on the wing surface of dragonfly (Pantala flavescens). Viability study indicated that only 0.2% ATCC 9027 survived when incubated with wing for 48 h in Phosphate buffered saline, while under the same conditions 43.47% PAO1 survived. Enumeration of Pseudomonas attached to wing surface suggested that, the number of PAO1 attached on the wing surface was three times lesser than ATCC 9027. Propensity of attachment of P. aeruginosa strains PAO1 and ATCC 9027 on the wing surface investigated using scanning probe microscope indicated that P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 showed adhesion to 88% of regions and, PAO1 showed adhesion to only 48% regions tested on wing surface. PAO1 survived the bactericidal effect of wing surface by evading attachment. Three clinical isolates tested which showed viability similar to PAO1 strain, also showed lower propensity to attach to wing surface. Transcriptional level analyses using RT-PCR suggested that flagellar genes (fliE and fleS) were downregulated and genes responsible for reversible to irreversible attachment (gcbA and rsmZ) were upregulated in ATCC 9027 than PAO1 on wing surface, indicating relatively higher attachment of ATCC 9027 on wing surface. The study suggests that virulent strains of P. aeruginosa may evade attachment on wing surface. The results gain significance as bioinspired surfaces are being created towards developing antibacterial medical implants and other antibacterial surface applications.
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Dantam J, Subbaraman LN, Jones L. Adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Delftia acidovorans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to contact lenses under the influence of an artificial tear solution. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:32-43. [PMID: 31973583 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1710832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Corneal infection is a devastating sight-threatening complication that is associated with contact lens (CL) wear, commonly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lately, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Delftia acidovorans, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia have been associated with corneal infection. This study investigated the adhesion of these emerging pathogens to CLs, under the influence of an artificial tear solution (ATS) containing a variety of components commonly found in human tears. Two different CL materials, etafilcon A and senofilcon A, either soaked in an ATS or phosphate buffered saline, were exposed to the bacteria. Bacterial adhesion was investigated using a radio-labeling technique (total counts) and plate count method (viable counts). The findings from this study revealed that in addition to P. aeruginosa, among the emerging pathogens evaluated, A. xylosoxidans showed an increased propensity for adherence to both CL materials and S. maltophilia showed lower viability. ATS influenced the viable counts more than the total counts on CLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Dantam
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Lakshman N Subbaraman
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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Fan Y, Zhang G, Vong CT, Ye RD. Serum amyloid A3 confers protection against acute lung injury in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L314-L322. [PMID: 31851532 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00309.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium associated with serious illnesses, including ventilator-associated pneumonia and various sepsis syndromes in humans. Understanding the host immune mechanisms against P. aeruginosa is, therefore, of clinical importance. The present study identified serum amyloid A3 (SAA3) as being highly inducible in mouse bronchial epithelium following P. aeruginosa infection. Genetic deletion of Saa3 rendered mice more susceptible to P. aeruginosa infection with decreased neutrophil superoxide anion production, and ex vivo treatment of mouse neutrophils with recombinant SAA3 restored the ability of neutrophils to produce superoxide anions. The SAA3-deficient mice showed exacerbated inflammatory responses, which was characterized by pronounced neutrophil infiltration, elevated expression of TNF-α, KC/CXCL1, and MIP-2/CXCL2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and increased lung microvascular permeability compared with their wild-type littermates. BALF neutrophils from Saa3 knockout mice exhibited reduced superoxide anion production compared with neutrophils from wild-type mice. Adoptive transfer of SAA3-treated neutrophils to Saa3 knockout mice ameliorated P. aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury. These findings demonstrate that SAA3 not only serves as a biomarker for infection and inflammation, but also plays a protective role against P. aeruginosa infection-induced lung injury in part through augmentation of neutrophil bactericidal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Gufang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Richard D Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region, China.,School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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Udaondo Z, Ramos JL, Segura A, Krell T, Daddaoua A. Regulation of carbohydrate degradation pathways in Pseudomonas involves a versatile set of transcriptional regulators. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:442-454. [PMID: 29607620 PMCID: PMC5902321 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas are widespread in nature. In the last decades, members of this genus, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida, have acquired great interest because of their interactions with higher organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that colonizes the lung of cystic fibrosis patients, while P. putida is a soil bacterium able to establish a positive interaction with the plant rhizosphere. Members of Pseudomonas genus have a robust metabolism for amino acids and organic acids as well as aromatic compounds; however, these microbes metabolize a very limited number of sugars. Interestingly, they have three-pronged metabolic system to generate 6-phosphogluconate from glucose suggesting an adaptation to efficiently consume this sugar. This review focuses on the description of the regulatory network of glucose utilization in Pseudomonas, highlighting the differences between P. putida and P. aeruginosa. Most interestingly, It is highlighted a functional link between glucose assimilation and exotoxin A production in P. aeruginosa. The physiological relevance of this connection remains unclear, and it needs to be established whether a similar relationship is also found in other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Udaondo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301W. Markham St., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Juan-Luis Ramos
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Segura
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Abdelali Daddaoua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, Granada University, Granada, Spain
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