1
|
Feltham L, Moran J, Goldrick M, Lord E, Spiller DG, Cavet JS, Muldoon M, Roberts IS, Paszek P. Bacterial aggregation facilitates internalin-mediated invasion of Listeria monocytogenes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1411124. [PMID: 39045131 PMCID: PMC11263170 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1411124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of food-borne L. monocytogenes in the host relies on internalin-mediated invasion, but the underlying invasion strategies remain elusive. Here we use live-cell microscopy to follow single cell interactions between individual human cells and L. monocytogenes and elucidate mechanisms associated with internalin B (InlB)-mediated invasion. We demonstrate that whilst a replicative invasion of nonphagocytic cells is a rare event even at high multiplicities of invasion, L. monocytogenes overcomes this by utilising a strategy relaying on PrfA-mediated ActA-based aggregation. We show that L. monocytogenes forms aggregates in extracellular host cell environment, which promote approximately 5-fold more host cell adhesions than the non-aggregating actA-ΔC mutant (which lacks the C-terminus coding region), with the adhering bacteria inducing 3-fold more intracellular invasions. Aggregation is associated with robust MET tyrosine kinase receptor clustering in the host cells, a hallmark of InlB-mediated invasion, something not observed with the actA-ΔC mutant. Finally, we show via RNA-seq analyses that aggregation involves a global adaptive response to host cell environment (including iron depletion), resulting in metabolic changes in L. monocytogenes and upregulation of the PrfA virulence regulon. Overall, our analyses provide new mechanistic insights into internalin-mediated host-pathogen interactions of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Feltham
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Moran
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Goldrick
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Lord
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Spiller
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer S. Cavet
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Muldoon
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian. S. Roberts
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Paszek
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Van Staden ADP, Visser JG, Powrie YSL, Smith C. Harnessing Microbial Effectors for Macrophage-Mediated Drug Delivery. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18260-18272. [PMID: 38680365 PMCID: PMC11044259 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage-based drug delivery systems are promising, but their development is still in its infancy, with many limitations remaining to be addressed. Our aim was to design a system harnessing microbial effectors to facilitate controlled drug cargo expulsion from macrophages to enable the use of more toxic drugs without adding to the risk of off-target detrimental effects. The pore forming and actin polymerizing Listeria monocytogenes effectors listeriolysin-O (LLO) and actin assembly-inducing protein (ActA) were synthesized using a novel green fluorescent protein (GFP)-linked heterologous expression system. These effectors were coated onto polystyrene beads to generate "synthetic cargo" before loading into primary M1 macrophages. Bead uptake and release from macrophages were evaluated by using high-throughput quantitative imaging flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. In vitro results confirmed appropriate activity of synthesized effectors. Coating of these effector proteins onto polystyrene beads (simulated drug cargo) resulted in changes in cellular morphology, bead content, and intracellular bead localization, which may support an interpretation of the induced release of these beads from the cells. This forms the basis for further investigation to fully elucidate any potential release mechanisms. Bacterial effectors ActA and LLO successfully effectuated actin polarization and protrusions from cell membranes similar to those seen in cells infected with Listeria spp., illustrating the potential of using these effectors and production methods for the development of an endogenous drug delivery system capable of low-risk, targeted release of high potency drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Du Preez Van Staden
- Department
of Microbiology, Science Faculty, Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Experimental
Medicine Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine
and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow 7505, South Africa
| | - Johan G. Visser
- Department
of Physiological Sciences, Science Faculty, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Yigael S. L. Powrie
- Experimental
Medicine Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine
and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow 7505, South Africa
- Division
of Neurosurgery, University of Cape Twon, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Carine Smith
- Experimental
Medicine Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine
and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow 7505, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tola EH. Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Characterization of Listeria Spp. Isolated from Various Sources in Ethiopia: A Comprehensive Review. VETERINARY MEDICINE (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2024; 15:109-116. [PMID: 38601062 PMCID: PMC11005847 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s451837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Listeriosis is an important foodborne zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals in Ethiopia. This review aims to synthesize the epidemiology, prevalence, distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria species in the country. The literature reveals a widespread occurrence of Listeria infection in humans, animals, and food products, with an average prevalence of 21.6% for Listeria species and 6.9% for L. monocytogenes. Three sequence types (STs) of L. monocytogenes (2, 145, and 18) and twelve STs of L. innocua (1489, 1619, 603, 537, 1010, 3186, 492, 3007, 1087, 474, 1008, and 637) were reported from milk and dairy products. Contamination rates ranged from 4.1% to 42.9% across livestock, dairy, slaughterhouses, and processing facilities, indicating faults in production practices. Sporadic human listeriosis outbreaks have occurred since 1967, causing meningitis, perinatal infections, and deaths, with recent studies showing L. monocytogenes isolation in up to 10.4% of febrile patients, confirming foodborne transmission. Non-pathogenic Listeria species were also common on farms and in facilities. Ovine listeriosis poses a threat to Ethiopia's sheep and goat industries, with over 40% seroprevalence in some herds. Comprehensive control measures across the food chain are needed to curb contamination and protect public health. Isolates from various foods show antibiotic resistance to first-line agents but susceptibility to others like gentamicin and cephalosporins. In conclusion, this review synthesizes evidence on Listeria distribution in Ethiopia's food system and disease burden, highlighting the need for improved food safety policies and awareness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyob Hirpa Tola
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moran J, Feltham L, Bagnall J, Goldrick M, Lord E, Nettleton C, Spiller DG, Roberts I, Paszek P. Live-cell imaging reveals single-cell and population-level infection strategies of Listeria monocytogenes in macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1235675. [PMID: 37675103 PMCID: PMC10478088 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogens have developed intricate strategies to overcome the host's innate immune responses. In this paper we use live-cell microscopy with a single bacterium resolution to follow in real time interactions between the food-borne pathogen L. monocytogenes and host macrophages, a key event controlling the infection in vivo. We demonstrate that infection results in heterogeneous outcomes, with only a subset of bacteria able to establish a replicative invasion of macrophages. The fate of individual bacteria in the same host cell was independent from the host cell and non-cooperative, being independent from co-infecting bacteria. A higher multiplicity of infection resulted in a reduced probability of replication of the overall bacterial population. By use of internalisation assays and conditional probabilities to mathematically describe the two-stage invasion process, we demonstrate that the higher MOI compromises the ability of macrophages to phagocytose bacteria. We found that the rate of phagocytosis is mediated via the secreted Listeriolysin toxin (LLO), while the probability of replication of intracellular bacteria remained constant. Using strains expressing fluorescent reporters to follow transcription of either the LLO-encoding hly or actA genes, we show that replicative bacteria exhibited higher PrfA regulon expression in comparison to those bacteria that did not replicate, however elevated PrfA expression per se was not sufficient to increase the probability of replication. Overall, this demonstrates a new role for the population-level, but not single cell, PrfA-mediated activity to regulate outcomes of host pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ian Roberts
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Paszek
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu L, Zhou Y, Xu J, Xu X, Lu G, Lv Q, Wei L, Deng X, Shen X, Feng H, Wang J. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-virulence roles of atractylodin in attenuating Listeria monocytogenes infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:977051. [PMID: 36389842 PMCID: PMC9651212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.977051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), as a pandemic foodborne pathogen, severely threatens food security and public health care worldwide, which evolves multiple bacterial virulence factors (such as listeriolysin O, LLO) for manipulating the immune response of L. monocytogenes-host interactions. Methods Hemolysis assay was employed to screen a potential LLO inhibitor and the underlying mechanisms were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and oligomerization assay. The effects of candidates on immune response were examined by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis. Histological analysis, ELISA assay and biochemistry detection were conducted to assess in vivo efficacy of candidates. Results In the present study, natural terpenoid atractylodin was characterized as an alternative drug candidate for the treatment of L. monocytogenes by the regulation of LLO function and host Nrf2/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Notably, in vivo infection model by L. monocytogenes also highlighted that atractylodin treatment provided effective therapeutic benefits, as evidenced by decreased bacterial burden and diminished inflammation. Congruently, the survival rate of L. monocytogenes-infection mice increased significantly from 10.0% to 40.0% by atractylodin treatment. Conclusion Collectively, our study showed for the first time that atractylodin has tremendous potential to attenuate L. monocytogenes pathogenicity by blocking LLO pore formation and mediating the suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress, providing a promising therapeutic strategy and broadening the applications of atractylodin against L. monocytogenes infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangzhu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gejin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Qianghua Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Hebei Veterinary Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Shen
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haihua Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jianfeng Wang, ; Haihua Feng,
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jianfeng Wang, ; Haihua Feng,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Johnson LJ, Azari S, Webb A, Zhang X, Gavrilin MA, Marshall JM, Rood K, Seveau S. Human Placental Trophoblasts Infected by Listeria monocytogenes Undergo a Pro-Inflammatory Switch Associated With Poor Pregnancy Outcomes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:709466. [PMID: 34367171 PMCID: PMC8346206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.709466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta controls the growth of the fetus and ensures its immune protection. Key to these functions, the syncytiotrophoblast (SYN) is a syncytium formed by fusion of underlying mononuclear trophoblasts. The SYN covers the placental surface and is bathed in maternal blood to mediate nutritional and waste exchanges between the mother and fetus. The bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes breaches the trophoblast barrier and infects the placental/fetal unit resulting in poor pregnancy outcomes. In this work, we analyzed the L. monocytogenes intracellular lifecycle in primary human trophoblasts. In accordance with previous studies, we found that the SYN is 20-fold more resistant to infection compared to mononuclear trophoblasts, forming a protective barrier to infection at the maternal interface. We show for the first time that this is due to a significant reduction in L. monocytogenes uptake by the SYN rather than inhibition of the bacterial intracellular division or motility. We here report the first transcriptomic analysis of L. monocytogenes-infected trophoblasts (RNA sequencing). Pathway analysis showed that infection upregulated TLR2, NOD-like, and cytosolic DNA sensing pathways, as well as downstream pro-inflammatory circuitry (NF-κB, AP-1, IRF4, IRF7) leading to the production of mediators known to elicit the recruitment and activation of maternal leukocytes (IL8, IL6, TNFα, MIP-1). Signature genes associated with poor pregnancy outcomes were also upregulated upon infection. Measuring the release of 54 inflammatory mediators confirmed the transcriptomic data and revealed sustained production of tolerogenic factors (IL-27, IL-10, IL-1RA, TSLP) despite infection. Both the SYN and mononuclear trophoblasts produced cytokines, but surprisingly, some cytokines were predominantly produced by the SYN (IL-8, IL-6) or by non-fused trophoblasts (TNFα). Collectively, our data support that trophoblasts act as placental gatekeepers that limit and detect L. monocytogenes infection resulting in a pro-inflammatory response, which may contribute to the poor pregnancy outcomes if the pathogen persists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Johnson
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Siavash Azari
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amy Webb
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joanna M Marshall
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kara Rood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie Seveau
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dimchev G, Amiri B, Humphries AC, Schaks M, Dimchev V, Stradal TEB, Faix J, Krause M, Way M, Falcke M, Rottner K. Lamellipodin tunes cell migration by stabilizing protrusions and promoting adhesion formation. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs239020. [PMID: 32094266 PMCID: PMC7157940 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient migration on adhesive surfaces involves the protrusion of lamellipodial actin networks and their subsequent stabilization by nascent adhesions. The actin-binding protein lamellipodin (Lpd) is thought to play a critical role in lamellipodium protrusion, by delivering Ena/VASP proteins onto the growing plus ends of actin filaments and by interacting with the WAVE regulatory complex, an activator of the Arp2/3 complex, at the leading edge. Using B16-F1 melanoma cell lines, we demonstrate that genetic ablation of Lpd compromises protrusion efficiency and coincident cell migration without altering essential parameters of lamellipodia, including their maximal rate of forward advancement and actin polymerization. We also confirmed lamellipodia and migration phenotypes with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Lpd knockout Rat2 fibroblasts, excluding cell type-specific effects. Moreover, computer-aided analysis of cell-edge morphodynamics on B16-F1 cell lamellipodia revealed that loss of Lpd correlates with reduced temporal protrusion maintenance as a prerequisite of nascent adhesion formation. We conclude that Lpd optimizes protrusion and nascent adhesion formation by counteracting frequent, chaotic retraction and membrane ruffling.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Dimchev
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Behnam Amiri
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashley C Humphries
- Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Matthias Schaks
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Vanessa Dimchev
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Theresia E B Stradal
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Faix
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Krause
- Randall Centre of Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Michael Way
- Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Martin Falcke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Costa AC, Carvalho F, Cabanes D, Sousa S. Stathmin recruits tubulin to Listeria monocytogenes-induced actin comets and promotes bacterial dissemination. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:961-975. [PMID: 30506415 PMCID: PMC11105747 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The tubulin cytoskeleton is one of the main components of the cytoarchitecture and is involved in several cellular functions. Here, we examine the interplay between Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) and the tubulin cytoskeleton upon cellular infection. We show that non-polymeric tubulin is present throughout Lm actin comet tails and, to a less extent, in actin clouds. Moreover, we demonstrate that stathmin, a regulator of microtubule dynamics, is also found in these Lm-associated actin structures and is required for tubulin recruitment. Depletion of host stathmin results in longer comets containing less F-actin, which may be correlated with higher levels of inactive cofilin in the comet, thus suggesting a defect on local F-actin dynamics. In addition, intracellular bacterial speed is significantly reduced in stathmin-depleted cells, revealing the importance of stathmin/tubulin in intracellular Lm motility. In agreement, the area of infection foci and the total bacterial loads are also significantly reduced in stathmin-depleted cells. Collectively, our results demonstrate that stathmin promotes efficient cellular infection, possibly through tubulin recruitment and control of actin dynamics at Lm-polymerized actin structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Costa
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Carvalho
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Didier Cabanes
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Sousa
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Three tandem promoters, together with IHF, regulate growth phase dependent expression of the Escherichia coli kps capsule gene cluster. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17924. [PMID: 29263430 PMCID: PMC5738388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we characterise three tandem promoters (PR1-1, PR1-2 and PR1-3) within the PR1 regulatory region of the Escherichia coli kps capsule gene cluster. Transcription from promoter PR1-2 was dependent on the activity of the upstream promoter PR1-1, which activated PR1-2 via transcription coupled DNA supercoiling. During growth at 37 °C a temporal pattern of transcription from all three promoters was observed with maximum transcriptional activity evident during mid-exponential phase followed by a sharp decrease in activity as the cells enter stationary phase. The growth phase dependent transcription was regulated by Integration Host Factor (IHF), which bound within the PR1 region to repress transcription from PR1-2 and PR1-3. This pattern of transcription was mirrored by growth phase dependent expression of the K1 capsule. Overall these data reveal a complex pattern of transcriptional regulation for an important virulence factor with IHF playing a role in regulating growth phase expression.
Collapse
|
10
|
Corbett D, Goldrick M, Fernandes VE, Davidge K, Poole RK, Andrew PW, Cavet J, Roberts IS. Listeria monocytogenes Has Both Cytochrome bd-Type and Cytochrome aa 3-Type Terminal Oxidases, Which Allow Growth at Different Oxygen Levels, and Both Are Important in Infection. Infect Immun 2017; 85:e00354-17. [PMID: 28808161 PMCID: PMC5649020 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00354-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen responsible for a number of life-threatening infections of humans. During an infection, it invades epithelial cells before spreading from the intestine to the cells of the liver and spleen. This requires an ability to adapt to varying oxygen levels. Here, we demonstrate that L. monocytogenes has two terminal oxidases, a cytochrome bd-type (CydAB) and a cytochrome aa 3-type menaquinol (QoxAB) oxidase, and that both are used for respiration under different oxygen tensions. Furthermore, we show that possession of both terminal oxidases is important in infection. In air, the CydAB bd-type oxidase is essential for aerobic respiration and intracellular replication, and cydAB mutants are highly attenuated in mice. In contrast, the QoxAB aa 3-type oxidase is required neither for aerobic respiration in air nor for intracellular growth. However, the qoxAB mutants are attenuated in mice, with a delay in the onset of disease signs and with increased survival time, indicating a role for the QoxAB aa 3-type oxidase in the initial stages of infection. Growth of bacteria under defined oxygen conditions revealed that at 1% (vol/vol), both oxidases are functional, and the presence of either is sufficient for aerobic respiration and intracellular replication. However, at 0.2% (vol/vol), both oxidases are necessary for maximum growth. These findings are consistent with the ability of L. monocytogenes to switch between terminal oxidases under different oxygen conditions, providing exquisite adaptation to different conditions encountered within the infected host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Corbett
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Goldrick
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Vitor E Fernandes
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Davidge
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Robert K Poole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Andrew
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Cavet
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian S Roberts
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
David DJV, Cossart P. Recent advances in understanding Listeria monocytogenes infection: the importance of subcellular and physiological context. F1000Res 2017; 6. [PMID: 28781746 PMCID: PMC5516218 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11363.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen
Listeria monocytogenes (
Lm) is the causative agent of listeriosis, a rare but fatal foodborne disease. During infection,
Lm can traverse several host barriers and enter the cytosol of a variety of cell types. Thus, consideration of the extracellular and intracellular niches of
Lm is critical for understanding the infection process. Here, we review advances in our understanding of
Lm infection and highlight how the interactions between the host and the pathogen are context dependent. We discuss discoveries of how
Lm senses entry into the host cell cytosol. We present findings concerning how the nature of the various cytoskeleton components subverted by
Lm changes depending on both the stage of infection and the subcellular context. We present discoveries of critical components required for
Lm traversal of physiological barriers. Interactions between the host gut microbiota and
Lm will be briefly discussed. Finally, the importance of
Lm biodiversity and post-genomics approaches as a promising way to discover novel virulence factors will be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daryl J V David
- Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Cossart
- Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou X, Zhang B, Cui Y, Chen S, Teng Z, Lu G, Wang J, Deng X. Curcumin Promotes the Clearance of Listeria monocytogenes both In Vitro and In Vivo by Reducing Listeriolysin O Oligomers. Front Immunol 2017; 8:574. [PMID: 28567044 PMCID: PMC5434164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO), an essential virulence factor that is secreted by Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), is responsible for bacterial breaching at the phagosomal membranes and subsequent release into the cytoplasm; it cannot be recognized by the host immune system. The vital role that LLO plays in bacterial pathogenicity and evading host immune clearance makes this virulence a promising target for addressing L. monocytogenes infection. In this study, we hypothesized that curcumin, a polyphenol derived from turmeric that could effectively inhibit LLO pore-forming activity, might be useful in the prevention or treatment of L. monocytogenes infection. Thus, the in vitro protective effects of curcumin against L. monocytogenes infection by targeting LLO were assessed via hemolytic activity assays, cytotoxicity tests, intracellular growth assays, and confocal microscopy. Our results revealed that treating infected macrophages with curcumin can lead to a decrease in LLO-mediated bacteria phagosomal escape and limit the intracellular growth of L. monocytogenes. Moreover, results from animal experiments show that this natural compound effectively increases protection against bacterial infection and helps the host to clear the invading pathogen completely from an animal model, establishing it as a potent antagonist of L. monocytogenes. The results from our molecular modeling and mutational analysis demonstrated that curcumin directly engages with domains 2 and 4 of LLO, thereby decreasing the hemolytic activity of LLO by influencing its oligomerization. Taken together, these results suggest that, as an antitoxin agent, curcumin can be further developed into a novel therapy against L. monocytogenes infections by targeting LLO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Center of Infection and Immunity, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yumei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuiye Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zihao Teng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gejin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Center of Infection and Immunity, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lamason RL, Welch MD. Actin-based motility and cell-to-cell spread of bacterial pathogens. Curr Opin Microbiol 2016; 35:48-57. [PMID: 27997855 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Subversion of the host actin cytoskeleton is a critical virulence mechanism used by a variety of intracellular bacterial pathogens during their infectious life cycles. These pathogens manipulate host actin to promote actin-based motility and coordinate motility with cell-to-cell spread. Growing evidence suggests that the tactics employed by pathogens are surprisingly diverse. Here, we review recent advances suggesting that bacterial surface proteins exhibit divergent biochemical mechanisms of actin polymerization and recruit distinct host protein networks to drive motility, and that bacteria deploy secreted effector proteins that alter host cell mechanotransduction pathways to enable spread. Further investigation into the divergent strategies used by bacterial pathogens to mobilize actin will reveal new insights into pathogenesis and cytoskeleton regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Lamason
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Matthew D Welch
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Manipulation of host membranes by the bacterial pathogens Listeria, Francisella, Shigella and Yersinia. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 60:155-167. [PMID: 27448494 PMCID: PMC7082150 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens display an impressive arsenal of molecular mechanisms that allow survival in diverse host niches. Subversion of plasma membrane and cytoskeletal functions are common themes associated to infection by both extracellular and intracellular pathogens. Moreover, intracellular pathogens modify the structure/stability of their membrane-bound compartments and escape degradation from phagocytic or autophagic pathways. Here, we review the manipulation of host membranes by Listeria monocytogenes, Francisella tularensis, Shigella flexneri and Yersinia spp. These four bacterial model pathogens exemplify generalized strategies as well as specific features observed during bacterial infection processes.
Collapse
|
15
|
Pillich H, Puri M, Chakraborty T. ActA of Listeria monocytogenes and Its Manifold Activities as an Important Listerial Virulence Factor. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2016; 399:113-132. [PMID: 27726006 DOI: 10.1007/82_2016_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitously occurring gram-positive bacterium in the environment that causes listeriosis, one of the deadliest foodborne infections known today. It is a versatile facultative intracellular pathogen capable of growth within the host's cytosolic compartment. Following entry into the host cell, L. monocytogenes escapes from vacuolar compartments to the cytosol, where the bacterium begins a remarkable journey within the host cytoplasm, culminating in bacterial spread from cell to cell, to deeper tissues and organs. This dissemination process depends on the ability of the bacterium to harness central components of the host cell actin cytoskeleton using the surface bound bacterial factor ActA (actin assembly inducing protein). Hence ActA plays a major role in listerial virulence, and its absence renders bacteria intracellularly immotile and essentially non-infectious. As the bacterium, moving by building a network of filamentous actin behind itself that is often referred to as its actin tail, encounters cell-cell contacts it forms double-vacuolar protrusions that allow it to enter the neighboring cell where the cycle then continues. Recent studies have now implicated ActA in other stages of the life cycle of L. monocytogenes. These include extracellular properties of aggregation and biofilm formation to mediate colonization of the gut lumen, promotion and enhancement of bacterial host cell entry, evasion of autophagy, vacuolar exit, as well as nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB) activation. These novel properties provide a new view of ActA and help explain its role as an essential virulence factor of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Pillich
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Madhu Puri
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Van Nhieu GT, Romero S. Common Themes in Cytoskeletal Remodeling by Intracellular Bacterial Effectors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2016; 235:207-235. [PMID: 27807696 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens interact with various types of tissues to promote infection. Because it controls the formation of membrane extensions, adhesive processes, or the junction integrity, the actin cytoskeleton is a key target of pathogens during infection. We will highlight common and specific functions of the actin cytoskeleton during bacterial infections, by first reviewing the mechanisms of intracellular motility of invasive Shigella, Listeria, and Rickettsia. Through the models of EPEC/EHEC, Shigella, Salmonella, and Chlamydia spp., we will illustrate various strategies of diversion of actin cytoskeletal processes used by these bacteria to colonize or breach epithelial/endothelial barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Tran Van Nhieu
- Equipe Communication Intercellulaire et Infections Microbiennes, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie (CIRB), Collège de France, 75005, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1050, 75005, Paris, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7241, 75005, Paris, France. .,MEMOLIFE Laboratory of Excellence and Paris Science Lettre, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Stéphane Romero
- Equipe Communication Intercellulaire et Infections Microbiennes, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie (CIRB), Collège de France, 75005, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1050, 75005, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7241, 75005, Paris, France.,MEMOLIFE Laboratory of Excellence and Paris Science Lettre, 75005, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|