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Gao S, Wang Y, Yuan S, Zuo J, Jin W, Shen Y, Grenier D, Yi L, Wang Y. Cooperation of quorum sensing and central carbon metabolism in the pathogenesis of Gram-positive bacteria. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127655. [PMID: 38402726 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), an integral component of bacterial communication, is essential in coordinating the collective response of diverse bacterial pathogens. Central carbon metabolism (CCM), serving as the primary metabolic hub for substances such as sugars, lipids, and amino acids, plays a crucial role in the life cycle of bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria often utilize CCM to regulate population metabolism and enhance the synthesis of specific cellular structures, thereby facilitating in adaptation to the host microecological environment and expediting infection. Research has demonstrated that QS can both directly or indirectly affect the CCM of numerous pathogenic bacteria, thus altering their virulence and pathogenicity. This article reviews the interplay between QS and CCM in Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, details the molecular mechanisms by which QS modulates CCM, and lays the groundwork for investigating bacterial pathogenicity and developing innovative infection treatment drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jing Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Wenjie Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yamin Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Li Yi
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China; College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China.
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Diray-Arce J, Conti MG, Petrova B, Kanarek N, Angelidou A, Levy O. Integrative Metabolomics to Identify Molecular Signatures of Responses to Vaccines and Infections. Metabolites 2020; 10:E492. [PMID: 33266347 PMCID: PMC7760881 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Approaches to the identification of metabolites have progressed from early biochemical pathway evaluation to modern high-dimensional metabolomics, a powerful tool to identify and characterize biomarkers of health and disease. In addition to its relevance to classic metabolic diseases, metabolomics has been key to the emergence of immunometabolism, an important area of study, as leukocytes generate and are impacted by key metabolites important to innate and adaptive immunity. Herein, we discuss the metabolomic signatures and pathways perturbed by the activation of the human immune system during infection and vaccination. For example, infection induces changes in lipid (e.g., free fatty acids, sphingolipids, and lysophosphatidylcholines) and amino acid pathways (e.g., tryptophan, serine, and threonine), while vaccination can trigger changes in carbohydrate and bile acid pathways. Amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, and nucleotide metabolism is relevant to immunity and is perturbed by both infections and vaccinations. Metabolomics holds substantial promise to provide fresh insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the host immune response. Its integration with other systems biology platforms will enhance studies of human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann Diray-Arce
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.G.C.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.P.); (N.K.)
| | - Maria Giulia Conti
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.G.C.); (A.A.)
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sapienza University of Rome, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Boryana Petrova
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.P.); (N.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Naama Kanarek
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.P.); (N.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Asimenia Angelidou
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.G.C.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.P.); (N.K.)
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.G.C.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.P.); (N.K.)
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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Balmer ML, Ma EH, Thompson AJ, Epple R, Unterstab G, Lötscher J, Dehio P, Schürch CM, Warncke JD, Perrin G, Woischnig AK, Grählert J, Löliger J, Assmann N, Bantug GR, Schären OP, Khanna N, Egli A, Bubendorf L, Rentsch K, Hapfelmeier S, Jones RG, Hess C. Memory CD8 + T Cells Balance Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Activity by Reprogramming Cellular Acetate Handling at Sites of Infection. Cell Metab 2020; 32:457-467.e5. [PMID: 32738204 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Serum acetate increases upon systemic infection. Acutely, assimilation of acetate expands the capacity of memory CD8+ T cells to produce IFN-γ. Whether acetate modulates memory CD8+ T cell metabolism and function during pathogen re-encounter remains unexplored. Here we show that at sites of infection, high acetate concentrations are being reached, yet memory CD8+ T cells shut down the acetate assimilating enzymes ACSS1 and ACSS2. Acetate, being thus largely excluded from incorporation into cellular metabolic pathways, now had different effects, namely (1) directly activating glutaminase, thereby augmenting glutaminolysis, cellular respiration, and survival, and (2) suppressing TCR-triggered calcium flux, and consequently cell activation and effector cell function. In vivo, high acetate abundance at sites of infection improved pathogen clearance while reducing immunopathology. This indicates that, during different stages of the immune response, the same metabolite-acetate-induces distinct immunometabolic programs within the same cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Balmer
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Eric H Ma
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Department of Medicine, CITIID, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Raja Epple
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gunhild Unterstab
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Lötscher
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Dehio
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Schürch
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jan D Warncke
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gaëlle Perrin
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Kathrin Woischnig
- Department of Biomedicine, Laboratory of Infection Biology, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Grählert
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jordan Löliger
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Assmann
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Glenn R Bantug
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier P Schären
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Department of Biomedicine, Laboratory of Infection Biology, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Egli
- Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Rentsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Russell G Jones
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christoph Hess
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Medicine, CITIID, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK.
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Type III Secretion Effector VopQ of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Modulates Central Carbon Metabolism in Epithelial Cells. mSphere 2020; 5:5/2/e00960-19. [PMID: 32188755 PMCID: PMC7082145 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00960-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic response of host cells upon infection is pathogen specific, and infection-induced host metabolic reprogramming may have beneficial effects on the proliferation of pathogens. V. parahaemolyticus contains a range of virulence factors to manipulate host signaling pathways and metabolic processes. In this study, we identified that the T3SS1 VopQ effector rewrites host metabolism in conjunction with the inflammation and cell death processes. Understanding how VopQ reprograms host cell metabolism during the infection could help us to identify novel therapeutic strategies to enhance the survival of host cells during V. parahaemolyticus infection. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic pathogen that frequently causes acute gastroenteritis and occasional wound infection. V. parahaemolyticus contains several virulence factors, including type III secretion systems (T3SSs) and thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH). In particular, T3SS1 is a potent cytotoxic inducer, and T3SS2 is essential for causing acute gastroenteritis. Although much is known about manipulation of host signaling transductions by the V. parahaemolyticus effector, little is known about the host metabolomic changes modulated by V. parahaemolyticus. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a metabolomic analysis of the epithelial cells during V. parahaemolyticus infection using capillary electrophoresis-time of flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF/MS). Our results revealed significant metabolomic perturbations upon V. parahaemolyticus infection. Moreover, we identified that T3SS1’s VopQ effector was responsible for inducing the significant metabolic changes in the infected cells. The VopQ effector dramatically altered the host cell’s glycolytic, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and amino acid metabolisms. VopQ effector disrupted host cell redox homeostasis by depleting cellular glutathione and subsequently increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. IMPORTANCE The metabolic response of host cells upon infection is pathogen specific, and infection-induced host metabolic reprogramming may have beneficial effects on the proliferation of pathogens. V. parahaemolyticus contains a range of virulence factors to manipulate host signaling pathways and metabolic processes. In this study, we identified that the T3SS1 VopQ effector rewrites host metabolism in conjunction with the inflammation and cell death processes. Understanding how VopQ reprograms host cell metabolism during the infection could help us to identify novel therapeutic strategies to enhance the survival of host cells during V. parahaemolyticus infection.
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Fitzpatrick SF, Lambden S, Macias D, Puthucheary Z, Pietsch S, Mendil L, McPhail MJW, Johnson RS. 2-Hydroxyglutarate Metabolism Is Altered in an in vivo Model of LPS Induced Endotoxemia. Front Physiol 2020; 11:147. [PMID: 32194434 PMCID: PMC7063103 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic response to endotoxemia closely mimics those seen in sepsis. Here, we show that the urinary excretion of the metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) is dramatically suppressed following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration in vivo, and in human septic patients. We further show that enhanced activation of the enzymes responsible for 2-HG degradation, D- and L-2-HGDH, underlie this effect. To determine the role of supplementation with 2HG, we carried out co-administration of LPS and 2HG. This co-administration in mice modulates a number of aspects of physiological responses to LPS, and in particular, protects against LPS-induced hypothermia. Our results identify a novel role for 2HG in endotoxemia pathophysiology, and suggest that this metabolite may be a critical diagnostic and therapeutic target for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan F Fitzpatrick
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Lambden
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Macias
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zudin Puthucheary
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Centre for Health and Human Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human, Aerospace and Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Pietsch
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Mendil
- CRUK, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J W McPhail
- Department of Inflammation Biology, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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6
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McClure RS, Wendler JP, Adkins JN, Swanstrom J, Baric R, Kaiser BLD, Oxford KL, Waters KM, McDermott JE. Unified feature association networks through integration of transcriptomic and proteomic data. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1007241. [PMID: 31527878 PMCID: PMC6748406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput multi-omics studies and corresponding network analyses of multi-omic data have rapidly expanded their impact over the last 10 years. As biological features of different types (e.g. transcripts, proteins, metabolites) interact within cellular systems, the greatest amount of knowledge can be gained from networks that incorporate multiple types of -omic data. However, biological and technical sources of variation diminish the ability to detect cross-type associations, yielding networks dominated by communities comprised of nodes of the same type. We describe here network building methods that can maximize edges between nodes of different data types leading to integrated networks, networks that have a large number of edges that link nodes of different-omic types (transcripts, proteins, lipids etc). We systematically rank several network inference methods and demonstrate that, in many cases, using a random forest method, GENIE3, produces the most integrated networks. This increase in integration does not come at the cost of accuracy as GENIE3 produces networks of approximately the same quality as the other network inference methods tested here. Using GENIE3, we also infer networks representing antibody-mediated Dengue virus cell invasion and receptor-mediated Dengue virus invasion. A number of functional pathways showed centrality differences between the two networks including genes responding to both GM-CSF and IL-4, which had a higher centrality value in an antibody-mediated vs. receptor-mediated Dengue network. Because a biological system involves the interplay of many different types of molecules, incorporating multiple data types into networks will improve their use as models of biological systems. The methods explored here are some of the first to specifically highlight and address the challenges associated with how such multi-omic networks can be assembled and how the greatest number of interactions can be inferred from different data types. The resulting networks can lead to the discovery of new host response patterns and interactions during viral infection, generate new hypotheses of pathogenic mechanisms and confirm mechanisms of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S. McClure
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
| | - Jason P. Wendler
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
| | - Joshua N. Adkins
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
| | - Jesica Swanstrom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Ralph Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Brooke L. Deatherage Kaiser
- Signatures Science and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
| | - Kristie L. Oxford
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
| | - Katrina M. Waters
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
| | - Jason E. McDermott
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, United States of America
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7
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Clark J, Terwilliger A, Nguyen C, Green S, Nobles C, Maresso A. Heme catabolism in the causative agent of anthrax. Mol Microbiol 2019; 112:515-531. [PMID: 31063630 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A challenge common to all bacterial pathogens is to acquire nutrients from hostile host environments. Iron is an important cofactor required for essential cellular processes such as DNA repair, energy production and redox balance. Within a mammalian host, most iron is sequestered within heme, which in turn is predominantly bound by hemoglobin. While little is understood about the mechanisms by which bacterial hemophores attain heme from host-hemoglobin, even less is known about intracellular heme processing. Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, displays a remarkable ability to grow in mammalian hosts. Hypothesizing this pathogen harbors robust ways to catabolize heme, we characterize two new intracellular heme-binding proteins that are distinct from the previously described IsdG heme monooxygenase. The first of these, HmoA, binds and degrades heme, is necessary for heme detoxification and facilitates growth on heme iron sources. The second protein, HmoB, binds and degrades heme too, but is not necessary for heme utilization or virulence. The loss of both HmoA and IsdG renders B. anthracis incapable of causing anthrax disease. The additional loss of HmoB in this background increases clearance of bacilli in lungs, which is consistent with this protein being important for survival in alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Clark
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Austen Terwilliger
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chinh Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sabrina Green
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chris Nobles
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony Maresso
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Johansson PI, Nakahira K, Rogers AJ, McGeachie MJ, Baron RM, Fredenburgh LE, Harrington J, Choi AMK, Christopher KB. Plasma mitochondrial DNA and metabolomic alterations in severe critical illness. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2018; 22:360. [PMID: 30594224 PMCID: PMC6310975 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-2275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Cell-free plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction and differential outcomes in critical illness. A substantial alteration in metabolic homeostasis is commonly observed in severe critical illness. We hypothesized that metabolic profiles significantly differ between critically ill patients relative to their level of plasma mtDNA. Methods We performed a metabolomic study with biorepository plasma samples collected from 73 adults with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis at a single academic medical center. Patients were treated in a 20-bed medical ICU between 2008 and 2010. To identify key metabolites and metabolic pathways related to plasma NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) mtDNA levels in critical illness, we first generated metabolomic data using gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. We performed fold change analysis and volcano plot visualization based on false discovery rate-adjusted p values to evaluate the distribution of individual metabolite concentrations relative to ND1 mtDNA levels. We followed this by performing orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis to identify individual metabolites that discriminated ND1 mtDNA groups. We then interrogated the entire metabolomic profile using pathway overrepresentation analysis to identify groups of metabolite pathways that were different relative to ND1 mtDNA levels. Results Metabolomic profiles significantly differed in critically ill patients with ND1 mtDNA levels ≥ 3200 copies/μl plasma relative to those with an ND1 mtDNA level < 3200 copies/μl plasma. Several analytical strategies showed that patients with ND1 mtDNA levels ≥ 3200 copies/μl plasma had significant decreases in glycerophosphocholines and increases in short-chain acylcarnitines. Conclusions Differential metabolic profiles during critical illness are associated with cell-free plasma ND1 mtDNA levels that are indicative of cell damage. Elevated plasma ND1 mtDNA levels are associated with decreases in glycerophosphocholines and increases in short-chain acylcarnitines that reflect phospholipid metabolism dysregulation and decreased mitochondrial function, respectively. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13054-018-2275-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär I Johansson
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kiichi Nakahira
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela J Rogers
- Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael J McGeachie
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Harrington
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth B Christopher
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, MRB 418, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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9
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Chen XQ, Elsheikha HM, Hu RS, Hu GX, Guo SL, Zhou CX, Zhu XQ. Hepatic Metabolomics Investigation in Acute and Chronic Murine Toxoplasmosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:189. [PMID: 29922602 PMCID: PMC5996072 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii poses a great threat to human health, with no approved vaccine available for the treatment of T. gondii infection. T. gondii infections are not limited to the brain, and may also affect other organs especially the liver. Identification of host liver molecules or pathways involved in T. gondii replication process may lead to the discovery of novel anti-T. gondii targets. Here, we analyzed the metabolic profile of the liver of mice on 11 and 30 days postinfection (dpi) with type II T. gondii Pru strain. Global metabolomics using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified 389 significant metabolites from acutely infected mice; and 368 from chronically infected mice, when compared with control mice. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed distinct metabolic signatures from acutely infected, chronically infected and control mice. Infection influenced several metabolic processes, in particular those for lipids and amino acids. Metabolic pathways, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, primary bile acid biosynthesis, bile secretion, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were perturbed during the whole infection process, particularly during the acute stage of infection. The present results provide insight into hepatic metabolic changes that occur in BALB/c mice during acute and chronic T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Rui-Si Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gui-Xue Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu-Ling Guo
- Department of Parasitology, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Xue Zhou
- Department of Parasitology, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Manni MM, Valero JG, Pérez-Cormenzana M, Cano A, Alonso C, Goñi FM. Lipidomic profile of GM95 cell death induced by Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 203:54-70. [PMID: 28104376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin (ATX) is considered as a prototype of cytotoxic bacterial phospholipases C, and is the major virulence factor in C. perfringens-induced gas gangrene. It is known that, depending on the dose, ATX causes membrane disruption and cytolysis or only limited hydrolysis of its substrates. In the latter case, toxin activity leads to the unregulated generation of bioactive lipids that can ultimately induce cell death. We have characterized apoptosis and necrosis in highly ATX-sensitive, ganglioside-deficient cells exposed to different concentrations of ATX and we have studied the lipidomic profile of cells treated with ATX as compared to native cells to detect the main changes in the lipidomic profile and the possible involvement of lipid signals in cell death. ATX causes both apoptosis and necrosis, depending on dose and time. ATX activates cell death, stimulating the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria and the consequent activation of caspases-3. Moreover GM95 cells treated with ATX showed important lipidomic alterations, among them we detected a general decrease in several phospholipid species and important changes in lipids involved in programmed cell death e.g. ceramide. The data suggest two different mechanisms of cell death caused by ATX, one leading to (mainly saturated) glycerophospholipid hydrolysis related to an increase in diacylglycerols and associated to membrane damage and necrosis, and a second mechanism involving chiefly sphingomyelin hydrolysis and generation of proapoptotic lipidic mediators such as ceramide, N-acylethanolamine and saturated non-esterified fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco M Manni
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Aptdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan G Valero
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Aptdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Ainara Cano
- OWL, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Félix M Goñi
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Aptdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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Characterization of surface antigen protein 1 (SurA1) from Acinetobacter baumannii and its role in virulence and fitness. Vet Microbiol 2016; 186:126-38. [PMID: 27016767 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes nosocomial infections, such as bacteremia, pneumonia, and meningitis and urinary tract and wound infections. In the present study, the surface antigen protein 1 (SurA1) gene of A. baumannii strain CCGGD201101 was identified, cloned and expressed, and then its roles in fitness and virulence were investigated. Virulence was observed in the human lung cancer cell lines A549 and HEp-2 at one week after treatment with recombinant SurA1. One isogenic SurA1 knock-out strain, GR0015, which was derived from the A. baumannii strain CCGGD201101 isolated from diseased chicks in a previous study, highlighted the effect of SurA1 on fitness and growth. Its growth rate in LB broth and killing activity in human sera were significantly decreased compared with strain CCGGD201101. In the Galleria mellonella insect model, the isogenic SurA1 knock-out strain exhibited a lower survival rate and decreased dissemination. These results suggest that SurA1 plays an important role in the fitness and virulence of A. baumannii.
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