1
|
Wang L, Hoang A, Gil-Iturbe E, Laganowsky A, Quick M, Zhou M. Mechanism of anion exchange and small-molecule inhibition of pendrin. Nat Commun 2024; 15:346. [PMID: 38184688 PMCID: PMC10771415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pendrin (SLC26A4) is an anion exchanger that mediates bicarbonate (HCO3-) exchange for chloride (Cl-) and is crucial for maintaining pH and salt homeostasis in the kidney, lung, and cochlea. Pendrin also exports iodide (I-) in the thyroid gland. Pendrin mutations in humans lead to Pendred syndrome, causing hearing loss and goiter. Inhibition of pendrin is a validated approach for attenuating airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and for treating hypertension. However, the mechanism of anion exchange and its inhibition by drugs remains poorly understood. We applied cryo-electron microscopy to determine structures of pendrin from Sus scrofa in the presence of either Cl-, I-, HCO3- or in the apo-state. The structures reveal two anion-binding sites in each protomer, and functional analyses show both sites are involved in anion exchange. The structures also show interactions between the Sulfate Transporter and Anti-Sigma factor antagonist (STAS) and transmembrane domains, and mutational studies suggest a regulatory role. We also determine the structure of pendrin in a complex with niflumic acid (NFA), which uncovers a mechanism of inhibition by competing with anion binding and impeding the structural changes necessary for anion exchange. These results reveal directions for understanding the mechanisms of anion selectivity and exchange and their regulations by the STAS domain. This work also establishes a foundation for analyzing the pathophysiology of mutations associated with Pendred syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lie Wang
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anthony Hoang
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eva Gil-Iturbe
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthur Laganowsky
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthias Quick
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Area Neuroscience - Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ming Zhou
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Geertsma ER, Oliver D. SLC26 Anion Transporters. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 283:319-360. [PMID: 37947907 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Solute carrier family 26 (SLC26) is a family of functionally diverse anion transporters found in all kingdoms of life. Anions transported by SLC26 proteins include chloride, bicarbonate, and sulfate, but also small organic dicarboxylates such as fumarate and oxalate. The human genome encodes ten functional homologs, several of which are causally associated with severe human diseases, highlighting their physiological importance. Here, we review novel insights into the structure and function of SLC26 proteins and summarize the physiological relevance of human members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Geertsma
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Dominik Oliver
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Universities of Marburg and Giessen, Marburg, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ardanuy J, Scanlon KM, Skerry C, Carbonetti NH. DNA-Dependent Interferon Induction and Lung Inflammation in Bordetella pertussis Infection. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:478-486. [PMID: 37651198 PMCID: PMC10599430 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis, is a resurgent respiratory disease but the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis are poorly understood. We recently showed the importance of type I and type III interferon (IFN) induction and signaling for the development of lung inflammation in B. pertussis-infected mouse models. Classically, these IFNs are induced by signaling through a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on host cells. Here, we found that the PRR signaling adaptor molecules MyD88 and TRIF contribute to IFN induction and lung inflammatory pathology during B. pertussis infection. However, the PRRs Toll-like receptors (TLR) 3 and TLR4, which signal through TRIF and MyD88, respectively, played no role in IFN induction. Instead, the DNA-sensing PRRs, TLR9 and STING, were important for induction of type I/III IFN and promotion of inflammatory pathology, indicating that DNA is a major inducer of lung IFN responses in B. pertussis infection. These results increase our understanding of this host-pathogen interaction and identify potential targets for host-directed therapies to reduce B. pertussis-mediated pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Ardanuy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen M. Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Live attenuated pertussis vaccine for prevention and treatment of allergic airway inflammation in mice. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:66. [PMID: 35739108 PMCID: PMC9226346 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00494-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Live attenuated vaccines often have beneficial non-specific effects, protecting against heterologous infectious and non-infectious diseases. We have developed a live attenuated pertussis vaccine, named BPZE1, currently in advanced clinical development. Here, we examined the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of its pertactin-deficient derivative BPZE1P in a mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI). BPZE1P was given nasally either before or after sensitization with HDM, followed by HDM challenge, or between two challenge episodes. Vaccination prior to sensitization reduced resistance in the airways, the numbers of infiltrating eosinophils and the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-33, in the lungs but had no effect on Th2 cytokine levels. BPZE1P also protected when delivered after sensitization or between two challenge episodes. However, in this case the levels of Th2 cytokines in the lung were decreased without significant effects on IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-33 production. The vaccine restored lung function and decreased eosinophil influx in the lungs of HDM-treated mice. BPZE1P has a better take than BPZE1 in hosts vaccinated with acellular pertussis vaccines. Therefore, it has interesting potential as a preventive and therapeutic agent against AAI, even in acellular pertussis-vaccinated populations.
Collapse
|
5
|
Salmin VV, Morgun AV, Olovyannikova RY, Kutyakov VA, Lychkovskaya EV, Brusina EB, Salmina AB. Atmospheric Reactive Oxygen Species and Some Aspects of the Antiviral Protection at the Respiratory Epithelium. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 16:79-90. [PMID: 35601461 PMCID: PMC9113385 DOI: 10.1134/s1990750822020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Salmin
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - A. V. Morgun
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - R. Ya. Olovyannikova
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V. A. Kutyakov
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - E. V. Lychkovskaya
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - E. B. Brusina
- Kemerovo State Medical University, ul. Voroshilova 22A, 650056 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - A. B. Salmina
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoe shosse 80, 125367 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salmin VV, Morgun AV, Olovyannikova RY, Kutyakov VA, Lychkovskaya EV, Brusina EB, Salmina AB. [Atmospheric reactive oxygen species and some aspects of the antiviral protection of the respiratory epithelium]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2021; 67:383-393. [PMID: 34730551 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20216705383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review focuses on molecular and biochemical mechanisms of nonspecific protection of respiratory epithelium. The authors provide a comprehensive analysis of up-to-date data on the activity of the lactoperoxidase system expressed on the surface of the respiratory epithelium which provides the generation of hypothiocyanate and hypoiodite in the presence of locally produced or inhaled hydrogen peroxide. Molecular mechanisms of production of active compounds with antiviral and antibacterial effects, expression profiles of enzymes, transporters and ion channels involved in the generation of hypothiocyanite and hypoiodate in the mucous membrane of the respiratory system in physiological and pathological conditions (inflammation) are discussed. In the context of antibacterial and antiviral defense special attention is paid to recent data confirming the effects of atmospheric air composition on the efficiency of hypothiocyanite and hypoiodate synthesis in the respiratory epithelium. The causes and outcomes of lactoperoxidase system impairment due to the action of atmospheric factors are discussed in the context of controlling the sensitivity of the epithelium to the action of bacterial agents and viruses. Restoration of the lactoperoxidase system activity can be achieved by application of pharmacological agents aimed to compensate for the lack of halides in tissues, and by the control of chemical composition of the inhaled air.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V V Salmin
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - A V Morgun
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - R Ya Olovyannikova
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V A Kutyakov
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - E V Lychkovskaya
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - E B Brusina
- Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - A B Salmina
- Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia; Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ernst K, Mittler AK, Winkelmann V, Kling C, Eberhardt N, Anastasia A, Sonnabend M, Lochbaum R, Wirsching J, Sakari M, Pulliainen AT, Skerry C, Carbonetti NH, Frick M, Barth H. Pharmacological targeting of host chaperones protects from pertussis toxin in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5429. [PMID: 33686161 PMCID: PMC7940712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Whooping cough is caused by Bordetella pertussis that releases pertussis toxin (PT) which comprises enzyme A-subunit PTS1 and binding/transport B-subunit. After receptor-mediated endocytosis, PT reaches the endoplasmic reticulum from where unfolded PTS1 is transported to the cytosol. PTS1 ADP-ribosylates G-protein α-subunits resulting in increased cAMP signaling. Here, a role of target cell chaperones Hsp90, Hsp70, cyclophilins and FK506-binding proteins for cytosolic PTS1-uptake is demonstrated. PTS1 specifically and directly interacts with chaperones in vitro and in cells. Specific pharmacological chaperone inhibition protects CHO-K1, human primary airway basal cells and a fully differentiated airway epithelium from PT-intoxication by reducing intracellular PTS1-amounts without affecting cell binding or enzyme activity. PT is internalized by human airway epithelium secretory but not ciliated cells and leads to increase of apical surface liquid. Cyclophilin-inhibitors reduced leukocytosis in infant mouse model of pertussis, indicating their promising potential for developing novel therapeutic strategies against whooping cough.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ernst
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Ann-Katrin Mittler
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Carolin Kling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nina Eberhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Anastasia
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Sonnabend
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robin Lochbaum
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Wirsching
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Moona Sakari
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Unit for Infection and Immunity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arto T Pulliainen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Unit for Infection and Immunity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas H Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holger Barth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee EH, Shin MH, Gi M, Park J, Song D, Hyun YM, Ryu JH, Seong JK, Jeon Y, Han G, Namkung W, Park MS, Choi JY. Inhibition of Pendrin by a small molecule reduces Lipopolysaccharide-induced acute Lung Injury. Theranostics 2020; 10:9913-9922. [PMID: 32929324 PMCID: PMC7481407 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Pendrin is encoded by SLC26A4 and its mutation leads to congenital hearing loss. Additionally, pendrin is up-regulated in inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. In this study, the effects of a novel pendrin inhibitor, YS-01, were investigated in an LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice model, and the mechanism underlying the effect of YS-01 was examined. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) was intranasally instilled in wild type (WT) and pendrin-null mice. YS-01 (10 mg/kg) was administered intra-peritoneally before or after LPS inhalation. Lung injury parameters were assessed in the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Pendrin levels in the BALF of 41 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to pneumonia and 25 control (solitary pulmonary nodule) patients were also measured. Results: LPS instillation induced lung injury in WT mice but not in pendrin-null mice. Pendrin expression was increased by LPS stimulation both in vitro and in vivo. YS-01 treatment dramatically attenuated lung injury and reduced BALF cell counts and protein concentration after LPS instillation in WT mice. Proinflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation were suppressed by YS-01 treatment in LPS-induced ALI mice. In BALF of patients whose ARDS was caused by pneumonia, pendrin expression was up-regulated compared to that in controls (mean, 24.86 vs. 6.83 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Conclusions: A novel pendrin inhibitor, YS-01, suppressed lung injury in LPS-induced ALI mice and our data provide a new strategy for the treatment of inflammatory airway diseases including sepsis-induced ALI.
Collapse
|
9
|
Association of gut microbiota composition and function with an aged rat model of senile osteoporosis using 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10795-10808. [PMID: 32487781 PMCID: PMC7346068 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, more interest has been paid to the association between bone mass and gut microecological dysbiosis. The results of clinical studies comparing gut microbiota (GM) in osteoporosis patients have been inconsistent due to different inclusion and exclusion criteria. To date, the association between the GM and senile osteoporosis remains poorly understood. Here, we utilized an aged rat model (22 months old) of senile osteoporosis to study the association of the composition and function of the GM with osteoporosis by 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in alpha diversity and the F/B (Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes) ratio in aged rats. At the genus level, the enrichment of Helicobacter was potentially related to osteoporosis as a risk factor. Metagenomics results based on two databases indicated that shifts in the GM contribute to senile osteoporosis through metabolic pathways and subsequent immune disorders. In conclusion, our study reveals the association of gut microbiota composition and function with senile osteoporosis in an aged rat model in a brand new way, and variations in the GM might contribute to senile osteoporosis through metabolic pathways.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cornetti L, Tschirren B. Combining genome-wide association study and F ST -based approaches to identify targets of Borrelia-mediated selection in natural rodent hosts. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1386-1397. [PMID: 32163646 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies provide opportunities to gain novel insights into the genetic basis of phenotypic trait variation. Yet to date, progress in our understanding of genotype-phenotype associations in nonmodel organisms in general and natural vertebrate populations in particular has been hampered by small sample sizes typically available for wildlife populations and a resulting lack of statistical power, as well as a limited ability to control for false-positive signals. Here we propose to combine a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and FST -based approach with population-level replication to partly overcome these limitations. We present a case study in which we used this approach in combination with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to identify genomic regions associated with Borrelia afzelii resistance or susceptibility in the natural rodent host of this Lyme disease-causing spirochete, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Using this combined approach we identified four consensus SNPs located in exonic regions of the genes Slc26a4, Tns3, Wscd1 and Espnl, which were significantly associated with the voles' Borrelia infectious status within and across populations. Functional links between host responses to bacterial infections and most of these genes have previously been demonstrated in other rodent systems, making them promising new candidates for the study of evolutionary host responses to Borrelia emergence. Our approach is applicable to other systems and may facilitate the identification of genetic variants underlying disease resistance or susceptibility, as well as other ecologically relevant traits, in wildlife populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cornetti
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Tschirren
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ardanuy J, Scanlon K, Skerry C, Fuchs SY, Carbonetti NH. Age-Dependent Effects of Type I and Type III IFNs in the Pathogenesis of Bordetella pertussis Infection and Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2192-2202. [PMID: 32152071 PMCID: PMC7141952 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Type I and III IFNs play diverse roles in bacterial infections, being protective for some but deleterious for others. Using RNA-sequencing transcriptomics we investigated lung gene expression responses to Bordetella pertussis infection in adult mice, revealing that type I and III IFN pathways may play an important role in promoting inflammatory responses. In B. pertussis-infected mice, lung type I/III IFN responses correlated with increased proinflammatory cytokine expression and with lung inflammatory pathology. In mutant mice with increased type I IFN receptor (IFNAR) signaling, B. pertussis infection exacerbated lung inflammatory pathology, whereas knockout mice with defects in type I IFN signaling had lower levels of lung inflammation than wild-type mice. Curiously, B. pertussis-infected IFNAR1 knockout mice had wild-type levels of lung inflammatory pathology. However, in response to infection these mice had increased levels of type III IFN expression, neutralization of which reduced lung inflammation. In support of this finding, B. pertussis-infected mice with a knockout mutation in the type III IFN receptor (IFNLR1) and double IFNAR1/IFNLR1 knockout mutant mice had reduced lung inflammatory pathology compared with that in wild-type mice, indicating that type III IFN exacerbates lung inflammation. In marked contrast, infant mice did not upregulate type I or III IFNs in response to B. pertussis infection and were protected from lethal infection by increased type I IFN signaling. These results indicate age-dependent effects of type I/III IFN signaling during B. pertussis infection and suggest that these pathways represent targets for therapeutic intervention in pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Ardanuy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
| | - Karen Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
| | - Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Nicholas H Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim D, Huang J, Billet A, Abu-Arish A, Goepp J, Matthes E, Tewfik MA, Frenkiel S, Hanrahan JW. Pendrin Mediates Bicarbonate Secretion and Enhances Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Function in Airway Surface Epithelia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 60:705-716. [PMID: 30742493 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0158oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bicarbonate facilitates mucin unpacking and bacterial killing; however, its transport mechanisms in the airways are not well understood. cAMP stimulates anion efflux through the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR; ABCC7) anion channel, and this is defective in CF. The anion exchanger pendrin (SLC26A4) also mediates HCO3- efflux and is upregulated by proinflammatory cytokines. Here, we examined pendrin and CFTR expression and their contributions to HCO3- secretion by human nasal and bronchial epithelia. In native tissue, both proteins were most abundant at the apical pole of ciliated surface cells with little expression in submucosal glands. In well-differentiated primary nasal and bronchial cell cultures, IL-4 dramatically increased pendrin mRNA levels and apical immunostaining. Exposure to low-Cl- apical solution caused intracellular alkalinization (ΔpHi) that was enhanced fourfold by IL-4 pretreatment. ΔpHi was unaffected by 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid (DIDS) or CFTR inhibitor CFTRinh-172, but was reduced by adenoviral shRNA targeting pendrin. Forskolin increased ΔpHi, and this stimulation was prevented by CFTRinh-172, implicating CFTR, yet forskolin only increased ΔpHi after pendrin expression had been induced by IL-4. The dependence of ΔpHi on pendrin suggests there is minimal electrical coupling between Cl- and HCO3- fluxes and that CFTR activation increases anion exchange-mediated HCO3- influx. Conversely, inducing pendrin expression increased forskolin-stimulated, CFTRinh-172-sensitive current by approximately twofold in epithelial and nonepithelial cells. We conclude that pendrin mediates most HCO3- secretion across airway surface epithelium during inflammation and enhances electrogenic Cl- secretion via CFTR, as described for other SLC26A transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dusik Kim
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Junwei Huang
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Arnaud Billet
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Asmahan Abu-Arish
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Julie Goepp
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Elizabeth Matthes
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Marc A Tewfik
- 2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and.,3 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and
| | - Saul Frenkiel
- 2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and.,3 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and
| | - John W Hanrahan
- 1 Department of Physiology and.,2 Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; and.,4 Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Clinical Findings and Management of Pertussis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1183:151-160. [PMID: 31359365 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pertussis is an endemic highly infectious vaccine-preventable disease. The disease is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. In the most recent years, the re-emergence of pertussis occurred, and many efforts were done to identify the possible causes. Certainly, more effective laboratory methods have a role in making the diagnosis easier. However, sub-optimal efficacy of available vaccines as well as their limited duration of protection could explain the resurgence of the disease. Many forms and clinical features of the disease, ranging from the most classical to atypical and very nuanced forms, have been reported. There are many aspects that influence the clinical features of the pathology, such as a previous immunization or infection, patient's age, gender and antibiotic treatment. A prompt suspect and a rapid diagnosis of pertussis is fundamental for an appropriate clinical management and for preventing pertussis complications, especially in children. However, under a clinical point of view, pertussis is often difficult to be diagnosed. A prompt treatment may decrease the duration and severity of cough; the cornerstone drugs are the macrolides. Although prompt diagnosis and effective therapy are important for pertussis control, only with a broad vaccination coverage will be possible to reduce circulation of Bordetella pertussis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu JS, Lu JY, Tan JA, Rivera AA, Phuan PW, Shatskikh ME, Son JH, Haggie PM, Verkman AS, Kurth MJ. Synthesis and evaluation of tetrahydropyrazolopyridine inhibitors of anion exchange protein SLC26A4 (pendrin). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2119-2123. [PMID: 31281021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pendrin is a transmembrane chloride/anion antiporter that is strongly upregulated in the airways in rhinoviral infection, asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis. Based on its role in the regulation of airway surface liquid depth, pendrin inhibitors have potential indications for treatment of inflammatory airways diseases. Here, a completely regioselective route to tetrahydro-pyrazolopyridine pendrin inhibitors based on 1,3-diketone and substituted hydrazine condensation was been developed. Structure-activity relationships at the tetrahydropyridyl nitrogen were investigated using a focused library, establishing the privileged nature of N-phenyl ureas and improving inhibitor potency by greater than 2-fold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie S Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Julia Y Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Joseph-Anthony Tan
- Departments of Medicine & Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Amber A Rivera
- Departments of Medicine & Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Puay-Wah Phuan
- Departments of Medicine & Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Marina E Shatskikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Jung-Ho Son
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Peter M Haggie
- Departments of Medicine & Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Alan S Verkman
- Departments of Medicine & Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Mark J Kurth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Scanlon K, Skerry C, Carbonetti N. Association of Pertussis Toxin with Severe Pertussis Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11070373. [PMID: 31252532 PMCID: PMC6669598 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11070373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis, caused by respiratory tract infection with the bacterial pathogen Bordetella pertussis, has long been considered to be a toxin-mediated disease. Bacteria adhere and multiply extracellularly in the airways and release several toxins, which have a variety of effects on the host, both local and systemic. Predominant among these toxins is pertussis toxin (PT), a multi-subunit protein toxin that inhibits signaling through a subset of G protein-coupled receptors in mammalian cells. PT activity has been linked with severe and lethal pertussis disease in young infants and a detoxified version of PT is a common component of all licensed acellular pertussis vaccines. The role of PT in typical pertussis disease in other individuals is less clear, but significant evidence supporting its contribution to pathogenesis has been accumulated from animal model studies. In this review we discuss the evidence indicating a role for PT in pertussis disease, focusing on its contribution to severe pertussis in infants, modulation of immune and inflammatory responses to infection, and the characteristic paroxysmal cough of pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nicholas Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Airway surface liquid acidification initiates host defense abnormalities in Cystic Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6516. [PMID: 31019198 PMCID: PMC6482305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by defective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein. Morbidity is mainly due to early airway infection. We hypothesized that S. aureus clearance during the first hours of infection was impaired in CF human Airway Surface Liquid (ASL) because of a lowered pH. The ASL pH of human bronchial epithelial cell lines and primary respiratory cells from healthy controls (WT) and patients with CF was measured with a pH microelectrode. The antimicrobial capacity of airway cells was studied after S. aureus apical infection by counting surviving bacteria. ASL was significantly more acidic in CF than in WT respiratory cells. This was consistent with a defect in bicarbonate secretion involving CFTR and SLC26A4 (pendrin) and a persistent proton secretion by ATP12A. ASL demonstrated a defect in S. aureus clearance which was improved by pH normalization. Pendrin inhibition in WT airways recapitulated the CF airway defect and increased S. aureus proliferation. ATP12A inhibition by ouabain decreased bacterial proliferation. Antimicrobial peptides LL-37 and hBD1 demonstrated a pH-dependent activity. Normalizing ASL pH might improve innate airway defense in newborns with CF during onset of S. aureus infection. Pendrin activation and ATP12A inhibition could represent novel therapeutic strategies to normalize pH in CF airways.
Collapse
|
17
|
Interleukin-Mediated Pendrin Transcriptional Regulation in Airway and Esophageal Epithelia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030731. [PMID: 30744098 PMCID: PMC6386862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pendrin (SLC26A4), a Cl−/anion exchanger, is expressed at high levels in kidney, thyroid, and inner ear epithelia, where it has an essential role in bicarbonate secretion/chloride reabsorption, iodide accumulation, and endolymph ion balance, respectively. Pendrin is expressed at lower levels in other tissues, such as airways and esophageal epithelia, where it is transcriptionally regulated by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 through a signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6)-mediated pathway. In the airway epithelium, increased pendrin expression during inflammatory diseases leads to imbalances in airway surface liquid thickness and mucin release, while, in the esophageal epithelium, dysregulated pendrin expression is supposed to impact the intracellular pH regulation system. In this review, we discuss some of the recent findings on interleukin-mediated transcriptional regulation of pendrin and how this dysregulation impacts airway and esophagus epithelial homeostasis during inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
18
|
Scanlon K, Skerry C, Carbonetti N. Role of Major Toxin Virulence Factors in Pertussis Infection and Disease Pathogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1183:35-51. [PMID: 31376138 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis produces several toxins that affect host-pathogen interactions. Of these, the major toxins that contribute to pertussis infection and disease are pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin and tracheal cytotoxin. Pertussis toxin is a multi-subunit protein toxin that inhibits host G protein-coupled receptor signaling, causing a wide array of effects on the host. Adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin is a single polypeptide, containing an adenylate cyclase enzymatic domain coupled to a hemolysin domain, that primarily targets phagocytic cells to inhibit their antibacterial activities. Tracheal cytotoxin is a fragment of peptidoglycan released by B. pertussis that elicits damaging inflammatory responses in host cells. This chapter describes these three virulence factors of B. pertussis, summarizing background information and focusing on the role of each toxin in infection and disease pathogenesis, as well as their role in pertussis vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Functional Programming of Innate Immune Cells in Response to Bordetella pertussis Infection and Vaccination. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1183:53-80. [PMID: 31432398 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite widespread vaccination, B. pertussis remains one of the least controlled vaccine-preventable diseases. Although it is well known that acellular and whole cell pertussis vaccines induce distinct immune functionalities in memory cells, much less is known about the role of innate immunity in this process. In this review, we provide an overview of the known differences and similarities in innate receptors, innate immune cells and inflammatory signalling pathways induced by the pertussis vaccines either licensed or in development and compare this to primary infection with B. pertussis. Despite the crucial role of innate immunity in driving memory responses to B. pertussis, it is clear that a significant knowledge gap remains in our understanding of the early innate immune response to vaccination and infection. Such knowledge is essential to develop the next generation of pertussis vaccines with improved host defense against B. pertussis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Webster MJ, Tarran R. Slippery When Wet: Airway Surface Liquid Homeostasis and Mucus Hydration. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2018; 81:293-335. [PMID: 30243435 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to regulate cell volume is crucial for normal physiology; equally the regulation of extracellular fluid homeostasis is of great importance. Alteration of normal extracellular fluid homeostasis contributes to the development of several diseases including cystic fibrosis. With regard to the airway surface liquid (ASL), which lies apically on top of airway epithelia, ion content, pH, mucin and protein abundance must be tightly regulated. Furthermore, airway epithelia must be able to switch from an absorptive to a secretory state as required. A heterogeneous population of airway epithelial cells regulate ASL solute and solvent composition, and directly secrete large mucin molecules, antimicrobials, proteases and soluble mediators into the airway lumen. This review focuses on how epithelial ion transport influences ASL hydration and ASL pH, with a specific focus on the roles of anion and cation channels and exchangers. The role of ions and pH in mucin expansion is also addressed. With regard to fluid volume regulation, we discuss the roles of nucleotides, adenosine and the short palate lung and nasal epithelial clone 1 (SPLUNC1) as soluble ASL mediators. Together, these mechanisms directly influence ciliary beating and in turn mucociliary clearance to maintain sterility and to detoxify the airways. Whilst all of these components are regulated in normal airways, defective ion transport and/or mucin secretion proves detrimental to lung homeostasis as such we address how defective ion and fluid transport, and a loss of homeostatic mechanisms, contributes to the development of pathophysiologies associated with cystic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Webster
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Robert Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ito T, Ikeda S, Asamori T, Honda K, Kawashima Y, Kitamura K, Suzuki K, Tsutsumi T. Increased expression of pendrin in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 85:760-765. [PMID: 30126769 PMCID: PMC9443023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a heterogeneous disease and appropriate diagnostic algorithms in individual cases are necessary for effective medical treatment. Objective The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the pendrin expression of nasal polyps and clinical and pathological characteristic features of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods A total of 68 patients were classified into eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis or non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups according to the degree of eosinophilic infiltration into the nasal polyps. Clinical, hematological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed and statistically compared between both groups. Results Thirty-eight were classified into eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and 30 into non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups. There were no significant differences in age distribution, sex ratio, prevalence of asthma, or any other complications between the groups. The mean Lund–Mackay score and the number of serum eosinophils was significantly higher in the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis than in the non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups. The pendrin expression was more frequently detected in the epithelial surface layer of nasal polyps in the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis than in the non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups. In addition, mucin 5AC was more widely expressed in the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis than in the non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Conclusion Increased expression of pendrin and mucin 5AC in the nasal polyps would be associated with development of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. This finding could allow the development of a novel therapeutic agent targeted specifically to patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Ito
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo, Japan; Tsuchiura-Kyodo General Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Tsuchiura, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Tsuchiura-Kyodo General Hospital, Pathology, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Asamori
- Tsuchiura-Kyodo General Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Keiji Honda
- Tsuchiura-Kyodo General Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kawashima
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kitamura
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Suzuki
- Tsuchiura-Kyodo General Hospital, Pathology, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsutsumi
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The Significance of Hypothiocyanite Production via the Pendrin/DUOX/Peroxidase Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Asthma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1054801. [PMID: 29359006 PMCID: PMC5735670 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1054801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are used as first-line drugs for asthma, and various novel antiasthma drugs targeting type 2 immune mediators are now under development. However, molecularly targeted drugs are expensive, creating an economic burden on patients. We and others previously found pendrin/SLC26A4 as a downstream molecule of IL-13, a signature type 2 cytokine critical for asthma, and showed its significance in the pathogenesis of asthma using model mice. However, the molecular mechanism of how pendrin causes airway inflammation remained elusive. We have recently demonstrated that hypothiocyanite (OSCN−) produced by the pendrin/DUOX/peroxidase pathway has the potential to cause airway inflammation. Pendrin transports thiocyanate (SCN−) into pulmonary lumens at the apical side. Peroxidases catalyze SCN− and H2O2 generated by DUOX into OSCN−. Low doses of OSCN− activate NF-κB in airway epithelial cells, whereas OSCN− in high doses causes necrosis of the cells, inducing the release of IL-33 and accelerating inflammation. OSCN− production is augmented in asthma model mice and possibly in some asthma patients. Heme peroxidase inhibitors, widely used as antithyroid agents, diminish asthma-like phenotypes in mice, indicating the significance of this pathway. These findings suggest the possibility of repositioning antithyroid agents as antiasthma drugs.
Collapse
|
23
|
Fatal Pertussis in the Neonatal Mouse Model Is Associated with Pertussis Toxin-Mediated Pathology beyond the Airways. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00355-17. [PMID: 28784932 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00355-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In infants, Bordetella pertussis can cause severe disease, manifested as pronounced leukocytosis, pulmonary hypertension, and even death. The exact cause of death remains unknown, and no effective therapies for treating fulminant pertussis exist. In this study, a neonatal mouse model of critical pertussis is characterized, and a central role for pertussis toxin (PT) is described. PT promoted colonization, leukocytosis, T cell phenotypic changes, systemic pathology, and death in neonatal but not adult mice. Surprisingly, PT inhibited lung inflammatory pathology in neonates, a result which contrasts dramatically with observed PT-promoted pathology in adult mice. Infection with a PT-deficient strain induced severe pulmonary inflammation but not mortality in neonatal mice, suggesting that death in these mice was not associated with impaired lung function. Dissemination of infection beyond the lungs was also detected in neonatal mice, which may contribute to the observed systemic effects of PT. We propose that it is the systemic activity of pertussis toxin and not pulmonary pathology that promotes mortality in critical pertussis. In addition, we observed transmission of infection between neonatal mice, the first report of B. pertussis transmission in mice. This model will be a valuable tool to investigate causes of pertussis pathogenesis and identify potential therapies for critical pertussis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss recent findings and selected topics of interest in Bordetella pertussis virulence and pathogenesis and treatment of pertussis. It is not intended to cover issues on immune responses to B. pertussis infection or problems with currently used pertussis vaccines. RECENT FINDINGS Studies on the activities of various B. pertussis virulence factors include the immunomodulatory activities of filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae, and adenylate cyclase toxin. Recently emerging B. pertussis strains show evidence of genetic selection for vaccine escape mutants, with changes in vaccine antigen-expressing genes, some of which may have increased the virulence of this pathogen. Severe and fatal pertussis in young infants continues to be a problem, with several studies highlighting predictors of fatality, including the extreme leukocytosis associated with this infection. Treatments for pertussis are extremely limited, though early antibiotic intervention may be beneficial. Neutralizing pertussis toxin activity may be an effective strategy, as well as targeting two host proteins, pendrin and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors, as novel potential therapeutic interventions. SUMMARY Pertussis is reemerging as a major public health problem and continued basic research is revealing information on bacterial virulence and disease pathogenesis, as well as potential novel strategies for vaccination and targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
|
25
|
Skerry C, Scanlon K, Ardanuy J, Roberts D, Zhang L, Rosen H, Carbonetti NH. Reduction of Pertussis Inflammatory Pathology by Therapeutic Treatment With Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Ligands by a Pertussis Toxin-Insensitive Mechanism. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:278-286. [PMID: 27815382 PMCID: PMC5853922 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data have demonstrated the potential of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor (S1PR) agonism in the treatment of infectious diseases. A previous study used a murine model of Bordetella pertussis infection to demonstrate that treatment with the S1PR agonist AAL-R reduces pulmonary inflammation during infection. In the current study, we showed that this effect is mediated via the S1PR1 on LysM+ (myeloid) cells. Signaling via this receptor results in reduced lung inflammation and cellular recruitment as well as reduced morbidity and mortality in a neonatal mouse model of disease. Despite the fact that S1PRs are pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors, the effects of AAL-R were pertussis toxin insensitive in our model. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that S1PR agonist administration may be effective at therapeutic time points. These results indicate a role for S1P signaling in B. pertussis-mediated pathology and highlight the possibility of host-targeted therapy for pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Drew Roberts
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore
| | - Hugh Rosen
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu DT, Brewer MS, Chen S, Hong W, Zhu Y. Transcriptomic signatures for ovulation in vertebrates. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 247:74-86. [PMID: 28111234 PMCID: PMC5410184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The central roles of luteinizing hormone (LH), progestin and their receptors for initiating ovulation have been well established. However, signaling pathways and downstream targets such as proteases that are essential for the rupture of follicular cells are still unclear. Recently, we found anovulation in nuclear progestin receptor (Pgr) knockout (Pgr-KO) zebrafish, which offers a new model for examining genes and pathways that are important for ovulation and fertility. In this study, we examined expression of all transcripts using RNA-Seq in preovulatory follicular cells collected following the final oocyte maturation, but prior to ovulation, from wild-type (WT) or Pgr-KO fish. Differential expression analysis revealed 3567 genes significantly differentially expressed between WT and Pgr-KO fish (fold change⩾2, p<0.05). Among those, 1543 gene transcripts were significantly more expressed, while 2024 genes were significantly less expressed, in WT than those in Pgr-KO. We then retrieved and compared transcriptional data from online databases and further identified 661 conserved genes in fish, mice, and humans that showed similar levels of high (283 genes) or low (387) expression in animals that were ovulating compared to those with no ovulation. For the first time, ovulatory genes and their involved biological processes and pathways were also visualized using Enrichment Map and Cytoscape. Intriguingly, enrichment analysis indicated that the genes with higher expression were involved in multiple ovulatory pathways and processes such as inflammatory response, angiogenesis, cytokine production, cell migration, chemotaxis, MAPK, focal adhesion, and cytoskeleton reorganization. In contrast, the genes with lower expression were mainly involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, DNA methylation, RNA processing, telomere maintenance, spindle assembling, nuclear acid transport, catabolic processes, and nuclear and cell division. Our results indicate that a large set of genes (>3000) is differentially regulated in the follicular cells in zebrafish prior to ovulation, terminating programs such as growth and proliferation, and beginning processes including the inflammatory response and apoptosis. Further studies are required to establish relationships among these genes and an ovulatory circuit in the zebrafish model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361102, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, United States
| | - Michael S Brewer
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, United States
| | - Shixi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanshu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361102, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Russo A, Ranieri M, Di Mise A, Dossena S, Pellegrino T, Furia E, Nofziger C, Debellis L, Paulmichl M, Valenti G, Tamma G. Interleukin-13 increases pendrin abundance to the cell surface in bronchial NCI-H292 cells via Rho/actin signaling. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1163-1176. [PMID: 28378089 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-13 (IL13) is a major player in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in several respiratory disorders. Emerging data suggest that an increased expression of pendrin in airway epithelia is associated with elevated airway hyperreactivity in asthma. Here, we investigate the effect of IL13 on pendrin localization and function using bronchiolar NCI-H292 cells. The data obtained revealed that IL13 increases the cell surface expression of pendrin. This effect was paralleled by a significant increase in the intracellular pH, possibly via indirect stimulation of NHE. IL13 effect on pendrin localization and intracellular pH was reversed by theophylline, a bronchodilator compound used to treat asthma. IL13 upregulated RhoA activity, a crucial protein controlling actin dynamics, via G-alpha-13. Specifically, IL13 stabilized actin cytoskeleton and promoted co-localization and a direct molecular interaction between pendrin and F-actin in the plasma membrane region. These effects were reversed following exposure of cells to theophylline. Selective inhibition of Rho kinase, a downstream effector of Rho, reduced the IL13-dependent cell surface expression of pendrin. Together, these data indicate that IL13 increases pendrin abundance to the cell surface via Rho/actin signaling, an effect reversed by theophylline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Russo
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna Ranieri
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Dossena
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tommaso Pellegrino
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Emilia Furia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Charity Nofziger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lucantonio Debellis
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Markus Paulmichl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Giovanna Valenti
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Istituto Nazionsale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (I.N.B.B.), Rome, Italy.,Centre of Excellence Genomic and Proteomics GEBCA, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Grazia Tamma
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy. .,Istituto Nazionsale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (I.N.B.B.), Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Saint-Criq V, Gray MA. Role of CFTR in epithelial physiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:93-115. [PMID: 27714410 PMCID: PMC5209439 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Salt and fluid absorption and secretion are two processes that are fundamental to epithelial function and whole body fluid homeostasis, and as such are tightly regulated in epithelial tissues. The CFTR anion channel plays a major role in regulating both secretion and absorption in a diverse range of epithelial tissues, including the airways, the GI and reproductive tracts, sweat and salivary glands. It is not surprising then that defects in CFTR function are linked to disease, including life-threatening secretory diarrhoeas, such as cholera, as well as the inherited disease, cystic fibrosis (CF), one of the most common life-limiting genetic diseases in Caucasian populations. More recently, CFTR dysfunction has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the hyper-responsiveness in asthma, underscoring its fundamental role in whole body health and disease. CFTR regulates many mechanisms in epithelial physiology, such as maintaining epithelial surface hydration and regulating luminal pH. Indeed, recent studies have identified luminal pH as an important arbiter of epithelial barrier function and innate defence, particularly in the airways and GI tract. In this chapter, we will illustrate the different operational roles of CFTR in epithelial function by describing its characteristics in three different tissues: the airways, the pancreas, and the sweat gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinciane Saint-Criq
- Epithelial Research Group, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, University Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Michael A. Gray
- Epithelial Research Group, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, University Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Plaut RD, Scanlon KM, Taylor M, Teter K, Carbonetti NH. Intracellular disassembly and activity of pertussis toxin require interaction with ATP. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw065. [PMID: 27369899 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The active subunit (S1) of pertussis toxin (PT), a major virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis, ADP-ribosylates Gi proteins in the mammalian cell cytosol to inhibit GPCR signaling. The intracellular pathway of PT includes endocytosis and retrograde transport to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Subsequent translocation of S1 to the cytosol is presumably preceded by dissociation from the holotoxin. In vitro, such dissociation is stimulated by interaction of PT with ATP. To investigate the role of this interaction in cellular events, we engineered a form of PT (PTDM) with changes to two amino acids involved in the interaction with ATP. PTDM was reduced in (1) binding to ATP, (2) dissociability by interaction with ATP, (3) in vitro enzymatic activity and (4) cellular ADP-ribosylation activity. In cells treated with PTDM carrying target sequences for organelle-specific modifications, normal transport to the TGN and ER occurred, but N-glycosylation patterns of the S1 and S4 subunits were consistent with an inability of PTDM to dissociate in the ER. These results indicate a requirement for interaction with ATP for PT dissociation in the ER and cellular activity. They also indicate that the retrograde transport route is the cellular intoxication pathway for PT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger D Plaut
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Karen M Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael Taylor
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Ken Teter
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Nicholas H Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cil O, Haggie PM, Phuan PW, Tan JA, Verkman AS. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Pendrin Potentiate the Diuretic Action of Furosemide. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 27:3706-3714. [PMID: 27153921 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015121312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pendrin is a Cl-/HCO3- exchanger expressed in type B and non-A, non-B intercalated cells in the distal nephron, where it facilitates Cl- absorption and is involved in Na+ absorption and acid-base balance. Pendrin-knockout mice show no fluid-electrolyte abnormalities under baseline conditions, although mice with double knockout of pendrin and the Na+/Cl- cotransporter (NCC) manifest profound salt wasting. Thus, pendrin may attenuate diuretic-induced salt loss, but this function remains unconfirmed. To clarify the physiologic role of pendrin under conditions not confounded by gene knockout, and to test the potential utility of pendrin inhibitors for diuretic therapy, we tested in mice a small-molecule pendrin inhibitor identified from a high-throughput screen. In vitro, a pyrazole-thiophenesulfonamide, PDSinh-C01, inhibited Cl-/anion exchange mediated by mouse pendrin with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 1-3 µM, without affecting other major kidney tubule transporters. Administration of PDSinh-C01 to mice at predicted therapeutic doses, determined from serum and urine pharmacokinetics, did not affect urine output, osmolality, salt excretion, or acid-base balance. However, in mice treated acutely with furosemide, administration of PDSinh-C01 produced a 30% increase in urine output, with increased Na+ and Cl- excretion. In mice treated long term with furosemide, in which renal pendrin is upregulated, PDSinh-C01 produced a 60% increase in urine output. Our findings clarify the role of pendrin in kidney function and suggest pendrin inhibition as a novel approach to potentiate the action of loop diuretics. Such combination therapy might enhance diuresis and salt excretion for treatment of hypertension and edema, perhaps including diuretic-resistant edema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onur Cil
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter M Haggie
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Puay-Wah Phuan
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Joseph-Anthony Tan
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Alan S Verkman
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell-derived IFNα modulates Th17 differentiation during early Bordetella pertussis infection in mice. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:777-86. [PMID: 26462419 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Whooping cough is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis). T helper 17 (Th17) cells have a central role in the resolution of the infection. Emerging studies document that type I interferons (IFNs) suppress Th17 differentiation and interleukin (IL)-17 responses in models of infection and chronic inflammation. As plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a major source of type I IFNs, we hypothesize that during B. pertussis infection in mice, pDC-derived IFNα inhibits a rapid increase in Th17 cells. We found that IFNα-secreting pDCs appear in the lungs during the early stages of infection, while a robust rise of Th17 cells in the lungs is detected at 15 days post-infection or later. The presence of IFNα led to reduced Th17 differentiation and proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo blocking of IFNα produced by pDCs during infection with B. pertussis infection resulted in early increase of Th17 frequency, inflammation, and reduced bacterial loads in the airways of infected mice. Taken together, the experiments reported here describe an inhibitory role for pDCs and pDC-derived IFNα in modulating Th17 responses during the early stages of B. pertussis infection, which may explain the prolonged nature of whooping cough.
Collapse
|
32
|
Haggie PM, Phuan PW, Tan JA, Zlock L, Finkbeiner WE, Verkman AS. Inhibitors of pendrin anion exchange identified in a small molecule screen increase airway surface liquid volume in cystic fibrosis. FASEB J 2016; 30:2187-97. [PMID: 26932931 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600223r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pendrin (SLC26A4) is a Cl(-)/anion exchanger expressed in the epithelium of inflamed airways where it is thought to facilitate Cl(-) absorption and HCO3 (-) secretion. Studies using pendrin knockout mice and airway epithelial cells from hearing-impaired subjects with pendrin loss of function suggest involvement of pendrin in inflammatory lung diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF), perhaps by regulation of airway surface liquid (ASL) volume. Here we identified small-molecule pendrin inhibitors and demonstrated their efficacy in increasing ASL volume. A cell-based, functional high-throughput screen of ∼36,000 synthetic small molecules produced 3 chemical classes of inhibitors of human pendrin. After structure-activity studies, tetrahydropyrazolopyridine and pyrazolothiophenesulfonamide compounds reversibly inhibited pendrin-facilitated Cl(-) exchange with SCN(-), I(-), NO3 (-), and HCO3 (-) with drug concentration causing 50% inhibition down to ∼2.5 μM. In well-differentiated primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells from non-CF and CF subjects, treatment with IL-13, which causes inflammation with strong pendrin up-regulation, strongly increased Cl(-)/HCO3 (-) exchange and the increase was blocked by pendrin inhibition. Pendrin inhibition significantly increased ASL depth (by ∼8 μm) in IL-13-treated non-CF and CF cells but not in untreated cells. These studies implicate the involvement of pendrin-facilitated Cl(-)/HCO3 (-) in the regulation of ASL volume and suggest the utility of pendrin inhibitors in inflammatory lung diseases, including CF.-Haggie, P. M., Phuan, P.-W., Tan, J.-A., Zlock, L., Finkbeiner, W. E., Verkman, A. S. Inhibitors of pendrin anion exchange identified in a small molecule screen increase airway surface liquid volume in cystic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Haggie
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and
| | - Puay-Wah Phuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and
| | - Joseph-Anthony Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and
| | - Lorna Zlock
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Walter E Finkbeiner
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - A S Verkman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jia CE, Jiang D, Dai H, Xiao F, Wang C. Pendrin, an anion exchanger on lung epithelial cells, could be a novel target for lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury mice. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:981-992. [PMID: 27158384 PMCID: PMC4846941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of pendrin in acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to explore whether pendrin expression existing on alveolar cells. METHODS ALI C57BL/6 mice model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was established. The expression of pendrin in lung was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blotting methods, the changes of lung inflammatory parameters and pathology were observed, the cellular distribution of pendrin in the lung was determined using immunofluorescence. Statistical comparisons between groups were made by two-tailed Student's t-test. RESULTS Enhanced expression of the slc26a4 gene and production of pendrin in lungs of LPS-induced ALI mice were confirmed. In comparison with vehicle-control mice, methazolamide treatment mitigated lung inflammatory parameters and pathology. IL-6 and MCP-1 in lung tissues and BALF in methazolamide-treated mice were statistically decreased. Methazolamide treatment had significant effect on the total protein concentration in the BALF and the ratio of lung wet/dry weight. The percentage of macrophages in the BALF was increased. There was a low expression of pendrin in ATII. CONCLUSIONS Pendrin may be involved in pathological process of LPS-induced ALI. Inhibition of the pendrin function could be used to treat ALI. Airway epithelial cell may be a valuable therapeutic target for discovering and developing new drugs and/or new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ALI/ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-E Jia
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Dingyuan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital-Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital-Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020, P. R. China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory DiseasesBeijing 100730, P. R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing HospitalBeijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730, P. R. China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital-Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020, P. R. China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory DiseasesBeijing 100730, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Novel Roles for Chloride Channels, Exchangers, and Regulators in Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:497387. [PMID: 26612971 PMCID: PMC4647060 DOI: 10.1155/2015/497387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloride transport proteins play critical roles in inflammatory airway diseases, contributing to the detrimental aspects of mucus overproduction, mucus secretion, and airway constriction. However, they also play crucial roles in contributing to the innate immune properties of mucus and mucociliary clearance. In this review, we focus on the emerging novel roles for a chloride channel regulator (CLCA1), a calcium-activated chloride channel (TMEM16A), and two chloride exchangers (SLC26A4/pendrin and SLC26A9) in chronic inflammatory airway diseases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Scanlon KM, Skerry C, Carbonetti NH. Novel therapies for the treatment of pertussis disease. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv074. [PMID: 26394802 PMCID: PMC4626598 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Whooping cough, or pertussis, incidence has reached levels not seen since the 1950s. Previous studies have shown that antibiotics fail to improve the course of disease unless diagnosed early. Early diagnosis is complicated by the non-diagnostic presentation of disease early in infection. This review focuses on previous attempts at developing novel host-directed therapies for the treatment of pertussis. In addition, two novel approaches from our group are discussed. Manipulation of the signaling pathway of sphingosine-1-phosphate, a lipid involved in many immune processes, has shown great promise, but is in its infancy. Pendrin, a host epithelial anion exchanger upregulated in the airways with B. pertussis infection, appears to drive mucus production and dysregulation of airway surface liquid pH and salinity. In addition to detailing these potential new therapeutic targets, the need for greater focus on the neonatal model of disease is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nicholas H Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Carbonetti NH. Contribution of pertussis toxin to the pathogenesis of pertussis disease. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv073. [PMID: 26394801 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a multisubunit protein toxin secreted by Bordetella pertussis, the bacterial agent of the disease pertussis or whooping cough. PT in detoxified form is a component of all licensed acellular pertussis vaccines, since it is considered to be an important virulence factor for this pathogen. PT inhibits G protein-coupled receptor signaling through Gi proteins in mammalian cells, an activity that has led to its widespread use as a cell biology tool. But how does this activity of PT contribute to pertussis, including the severe respiratory symptoms of this disease? In this minireview, the contribution of PT to the pathogenesis of pertussis disease will be considered based on evidence from both human infections and animal model studies. Although definitive proof of the role of PT in humans is lacking, substantial evidence supports the idea that PT is a major contributor to pertussis pathology, including the severe respiratory symptoms associated with this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Coutte L, Locht C. Investigating pertussis toxin and its impact on vaccination. Future Microbiol 2015; 10:241-54. [PMID: 25689536 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Whooping cough, caused by Bordetella pertussis, remains a major global health problem. Each year around 40 million of pertussis cases resulting in 200,000-400,000 annual deaths occur worldwide. Pertussis toxin is a major virulence factor of B. pertussis. Murine studies have shown its importance in bacterial colonization and in immunomodulation to evade innate or adaptive immunity. The toxin is composed of an A protomer expressing ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and a B oligomer, responsible for toxin binding to target cells. The toxin is also a major protective antigen in all currently available vaccines. However, vaccine escape mutants with altered toxin expression have recently been isolated in countries with high vaccination coverage illustrating the need for improved pertussis vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loic Coutte
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1, rue du Prof. Calmette, F-59019 Lille Cedex, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fedele G, Cassone A, Ausiello CM. T-cell immune responses to Bordetella pertussis infection and vaccination. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv051. [PMID: 26242279 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent immunological investigations, stemming from the studies performed in the nineties within the clinical trials of the acellular pertussis vaccines, have highlighted the important role played by T-cell immunity to pertussis in humans. These studies largely confirmed earlier investigations in the murine respiratory infection models that humoral immunity alone is not sufficient to confer protection against Bordetella pertussis infection and that T-cell immunity is required. Over the last years, knowledge of T-cell immune response to B. pertussis has expanded broadly, taking advantage of the general progress in the understanding of anti-bacterial immunity and of refinements in methods to approach immunological investigations. In particular, experimental models of B. pertussis infection highlighted the cooperative role played by T-helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells for protection. Furthermore, the new baboon experimental model suggested a plausible explanation for the differences observed in the strength and persistence of protective immunity induced by the acellular or whole-cell pertussis vaccines and natural infection in humans, contributing to explain the upsurge of recent pertussis outbreaks. Despite the progress, open questions remain, the answer to them will possibly provide better tools to fight one of the hardest-to-control vaccine preventable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Fedele
- Anti-Infectious Immunity Unit, Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cassone
- Anti-Infectious Immunity Unit, Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy Center of functional genomics, Polo della genomica, genetica e biologia, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Clara Maria Ausiello
- Anti-Infectious Immunity Unit, Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cooperative roles for fimbria and filamentous hemagglutinin in Bordetella adherence and immune modulation. mBio 2015; 6:e00500-15. [PMID: 26015497 PMCID: PMC4447244 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00500-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella fimbriae (FIM) are generally considered to function as adhesins despite a lack of experimental evidence supporting this conclusion for Bordetella pertussis and evidence against a requirement for FIM in adherence of Bordetella bronchiseptica to mammalian cell lines. Using B. bronchiseptica and mice, we developed an in vivo adherence assay that revealed that FIM do function as critically important adhesins in the lower respiratory tract. In the first few days postinoculation, FIM-deficient B. bronchiseptica induced a more robust inflammatory response than wild-type bacteria did, suggesting that FIM, like filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), allow B. bronchiseptica to suppress the innate immune response to infection. Localization analyses indicated that FIM are required for efficient attachment to airway epithelium, as bacteria lacking FIM localized to alveoli. FHA-deficient bacteria, in contrast, localized to airways. Bacteria unable to produce both FIM and FHA localized to alveoli and caused increased inflammation and histopathology identical to that caused by FIM-deficient bacteria, demonstrating that lack of FIM is epistatic to lack of FHA. Coinoculation experiments provided evidence that wild-type B. bronchiseptica suppresses inflammation locally within the respiratory tract and that both FHA and FIM are required for defense against clearance by the innate immune system. Altogether, our data suggest that FIM-mediated adherence to airway epithelium is a critical first step in Bordetella infection that allows FHA-dependent interactions to mediate tight adherence, suppression of inflammation, and resistance to inflammatory cell-mediated clearance. Our results suggest that mucosal antibodies capable of blocking FIM-mediated interactions could prevent bacterial colonization of the lower respiratory tract. Although fimbriae (FIM) have been shown to be important mediators of adherence for many bacterial pathogens, there is surprisingly little experimental evidence supporting this role for Bordetella fimbria. Our results provide the first demonstration that Bordetella FIM function as adhesins in vivo, specifically to airway epithelium. Furthermore, our results suggest that FIM mediate initial interactions with airway epithelial cells that are followed by tight filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA)-mediated binding and that together, FIM and FHA allow Bordetella to suppress inflammation, leading to prolonged colonization. Given the shortcoming of the current acellular component pertussis (aP) vaccine in preventing colonization, these findings suggest that generation of antibodies capable of blocking FIM-mediated adherence could potentially prevent Bordetella colonization.
Collapse
|
40
|
Skerry C, Scanlon K, Rosen H, Carbonetti NH. Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor Agonism Reduces Bordetella pertussis-mediated Lung Pathology. J Infect Dis 2014; 211:1883-6. [PMID: 25538274 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent pertussis resurgence represents a major public health concern. Currently, there are no effective treatments for critical pertussis in infants. Recent data have demonstrated the potential of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) agonism in the treatment of infectious diseases. We used the murine Bordetella pertussis model to test the hypothesis that treatment with S1PR agonist AAL-R reduces pulmonary inflammation during infection. AAL-R treatment resulted in reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and attenuated lung pathology in infected mice. These results demonstrate a role for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling in B. pertussis-mediated pathology and highlight the possibility of host-targeted therapy for pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran Skerry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore
| | - Karen Scanlon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore
| | - Hugh Rosen
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Nicholas H Carbonetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore
| |
Collapse
|