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Winer B, Edgel KA, Zou X, Sellau J, Hadiwidjojo S, Garver LS, McDonough CE, Kelleher NL, Thomas PM, Villasante E, Ploss A, Gerbasi VR. Identification of Plasmodium falciparum proteoforms from liver stage models. Malar J 2020; 19:10. [PMID: 31910830 PMCID: PMC6947969 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunization with attenuated malaria sporozoites protects humans from experimental malaria challenge by mosquito bite. Protection in humans is strongly correlated with the production of T cells targeting a heterogeneous population of pre-erythrocyte antigen proteoforms, including liver stage antigens. Currently, few T cell epitopes derived from Plasmodium falciparum, the major aetiologic agent of malaria in humans are known. METHODS In this study both in vitro and in vivo malaria liver stage models were used to sequence host and pathogen proteoforms. Proteoforms from these diverse models were subjected to mild acid elution (of soluble forms), multi-dimensional fractionation, tandem mass spectrometry, and top-down bioinformatics analysis to identify proteoforms in their intact state. RESULTS These results identify a group of host and malaria liver stage proteoforms that meet a 5% false discovery rate threshold. CONCLUSIONS This work provides proof-of-concept for the validity of this mass spectrometry/bioinformatic approach for future studies seeking to reveal malaria liver stage antigens towards vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Winer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Kimberly A Edgel
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.,The Henry M Jackson Foundation, 6720A Rockledge Dr., Rockville, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Julie Sellau
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Molecular Infection Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sri Hadiwidjojo
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.,The Henry M Jackson Foundation, 6720A Rockledge Dr., Rockville, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Lindsey S Garver
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20190, USA
| | | | - Neil L Kelleher
- Northwestern University National Resource for Translational Proteomics, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Paul M Thomas
- Northwestern University National Resource for Translational Proteomics, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Eileen Villasante
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
| | - Vincent R Gerbasi
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA. .,Northwestern University National Resource for Translational Proteomics, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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Thomas BE, Manocha M, Haq W, Adak T, Pillai CR, Rao DN. Modulation of the humoral response to repeat and non-repeat sequences of the circumsporozoite protein ofPlasmodium vivaxusing novel adjuvant and delivery systems. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.2001.11813659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Maneerattanasak S, Gosi P, Krudsood S, Tongshoob J, Lanteri CA, Snounou G, Khusmith S. Genetic diversity among Plasmodium vivax isolates along the Thai-Myanmar border of Thailand. Malar J 2016; 15:75. [PMID: 26858120 PMCID: PMC4746829 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of the population genetics and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium vivax is crucial in predicting the emergence of drug resistance, relapse pattern and novel parasite phenotypes, all of which are relevant to the control of vivax infections. The aim of this study was to analyse changes in the genetic diversity of P. vivax genes from field isolates collected at different times along the Thai–Myanmar border. Methods Two hundred and fifty-four P. vivax isolates collected during two periods 10 years apart along the Thai–Myanmar border were analysed. The parasites were genotyped by nested-PCR and PCR–RFLP targeting selected polymorphic loci of Pvmsp1, Pvmsp3α and Pvcsp genes. Results The total number of distinguishable allelic variants observed for Pvcsp, Pvmsp1, and Pvmsp3α was 17, 7 and 3, respectively. High genetic diversity was observed for Pvcsp (HE = 0.846) and Pvmsp1 (HE = 0.709). Of the 254 isolates, 4.3 and 14.6 % harboured mixed Pvmsp1 and Pvcsp genotypes with a mean multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1.06 and 1.15, respectively. The overall frequency of multiple genotypes was 16.9 %. When the frequencies of allelic variants of each gene during the two distinct periods were analysed, significant differences were noted for Pvmsp1 (P = 0.018) and the Pvcsp (P = 0.033) allelic variants. Conclusion Despite the low malaria transmission levels in Thailand, P. vivax population exhibit a relatively high degree of genetic diversity along the Thai–Myanmar border of Thailand, in particular for Pvmsp1 and Pvcsp, with indication of geographic and temporal variation in frequencies for some variants. These results are of relevance to monitoring the emergence of drug resistance and to the elaboration of measures to control vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarunya Maneerattanasak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Panita Gosi
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science-United States Army Military Component, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Srivicha Krudsood
- Clinical Malaria Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Jarinee Tongshoob
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Charlotte A Lanteri
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science-United States Army Military Component, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Georges Snounou
- UPMC UMRS CR7, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1135 - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ERL 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI) - Paris, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Srisin Khusmith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. .,Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Downregulation of oxidative and nitrosative apoptotic signaling by L-carnitine in Ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome rat model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:696704. [PMID: 23213347 PMCID: PMC3504455 DOI: 10.1155/2012/696704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that ifosfamide (IFO) therapy is associated with sever nephropathy in the form of Fanconi syndrome. Although oxidative stress has been reported as a major player in IFO-induced Fanconi syndrome, no mechanism for this effect has been ascertained. Therefore, this study has been initiated to investigate, on gene expression level, the mechanism of IFO-induce nephrotoxicity and those whereby carnitine supplementation attenuates this serious side effect of IFO. To achieve the ultimate goals of this study, adult male rats were assigned to one of four treatment groups, namely, control, L-carnitine, IFO, and IFO plus L-carnitine. Administration of IFO for 5 days significantly increased serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and total nitrate/nitrite (NOx) production in kidney tissues. In addition, IFO significantly increased mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-9, and caspase-3 and significantly decreased expression of glutathione peroxides (GPx), catalase (CAT), and Bcl2 in kidney tissues. Administration of L-carnitine to IFO-treated rats resulted in a complete reversal of the all biochemical and gene expression changes, induced by IFO, to the control values. Data from this study suggest that L-carnitine prevents the development of IFO-induced nephrotoxicity via downregulation of oxidative and nitrosative apoptotic signaling in kidney tissues.
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