Rasulov BA, Pattaeva MA. Abiotic/Biotic Stress and Substrate Dictated Metabolic Diversity of
Azotobacter Chroococcum: Synthesis of Alginate, Antifungal n-Alkanes, Lactones, and Indoles.
Indian J Microbiol 2024;
64:635-649. [PMID:
39010987 PMCID:
PMC11246381 DOI:
10.1007/s12088-024-01212-x]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The current paper deals with new metabolites of different groups produced by Azotobacter chroococcum XU1. The strain's metabolic diversity is strongly altered by different factors, and some secondary metabolites are being reported for the first time for this species. As an abiotic/biotic stress response, the strain produced a broad spectrum of indole ring-containing compounds, n-alkanes (eicosane, heneicosane, docosane, tetracosane, and hexacosane), alkanes (7-hexyl eicosane and 2-methyloctacosane), saturated fatty acids (hexanoic and octanoic acids), esters (hexadecanoic acid methyl and pentadecanoic acid-14-methyl-methyl esters), and amides (9-Octadecenamide, (Z)- and 13-Docosenamide, (Z)-). Furthermore, to mitigate the abiotic stress the strain actively produced exopolysaccharide (EPS) to biosorb the Na+ ions. Apart from these metabolites, A. chroococcum XU1 synthesized lactones, namely 1,5-d-gluconolactone and d, l-mevalonic acid lactone in response to carbon source modification.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-024-01212-x.
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