1
|
Mugabi R, Silva APSP, Hu X, Gottschalk M, Aragon V, Macedo NR, Sahin O, Harms P, Main R, Tucker AW, Li G, Clavijo MJ. Molecular characterization of Glaesserella parasuis strains circulating in North American swine production systems. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:135. [PMID: 37641044 PMCID: PMC10464461 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaesserella parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer's disease in pigs. Serotyping is the most common method used to type G. parasuis isolates. However, the high number of non-typables (NT) and low discriminatory power make serotyping problematic. In this study, 218 field clinical isolates and 15 G. parasuis reference strains were whole-genome sequenced (WGS). Multilocus sequence types (MLST), serotypes, core-genome phylogeny, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, and putative virulence gene information was extracted. RESULTS In silico WGS serotyping identified 11 of 15 serotypes. The most frequently detected serotypes were 7, 13, 4, and 2. MLST identified 72 sequence types (STs), of which 66 were novel. The most predominant ST was ST454. Core-genome phylogeny depicted 3 primary lineages (LI, LII, and LIII), with LIIIA sublineage isolates lacking all vtaA genes, based on the structure of the phylogenetic tree and the number of virulence genes. At least one group 1 vtaA virulence genes were observed in most isolates (97.2%), except for serotype 8 (ST299 and ST406), 15 (ST408 and ST552) and NT (ST448). A few group 1 vtaA genes were significantly associated with certain serotypes or STs. The putative virulence gene lsgB, was detected in 8.3% of the isolates which were predominantly of serotype 5/12. While most isolates carried the bcr, ksgA, and bacA genes, the following antimicrobial resistant genes were detected in lower frequency; blaZ (6.9%), tetM (3.7%), spc (3.7%), tetB (2.8%), bla-ROB-1 (1.8%), ermA (1.8%), strA (1.4%), qnrB (0.5%), and aph3''Ia (0.5%). CONCLUSION: This study showed the use of WGS to type G. parasuis isolates and can be considered an alternative to the more labor-intensive and traditional serotyping and standard MLST. Core-genome phylogeny provided the best strain discrimination. These findings will lead to a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology and virulence in G. parasuis that can be applied to the future development of diagnostic tools, autogenous vaccines, evaluation of antibiotic use, prevention, and disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mugabi
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ana Paula S Poeta Silva
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Marcelo Gottschalk
- Groupe de Recherche Sur Les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Virginia Aragon
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Unitat Mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, UniversitatAutònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), IRTA, UniversitatAutònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- WOAH Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nubia R Macedo
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Orhan Sahin
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Rodger Main
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Alexander W Tucker
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Ganwu Li
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Maria J Clavijo
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
- PIC North America, Hendersonville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee CY, Ong HX, Tan CY, Low SE, Phang LY, Lai J, Ooi PT, Fong MWC. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Outer membrane protein P2 ( OmpP2) of Glaesserella ( Haemophilus) parasuis Isolates in Central State of Peninsular Malaysia. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020308. [PMID: 36839580 PMCID: PMC9966854 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis, the etiological agent of Glässer's disease, is an economically significant pathogen commonly associated with serofibrinous polyserositis, arthritis, fibrinous bronchopneumonia and/or meningitis. This study is the first attempt to molecularly characterize and provide a detailed overview of the genetic variants of G. parasuis present in Malaysia, in reference to its serotype, virulence-associated trimeric autotransporters (vtaA) gene and outer membrane protein P2 (OmpP2) gene. The G. parasuis isolates (n = 11) from clinically sick field samples collected from two major pig producing states (Selangor and Perak) were selected for analysis. Upon multiplex PCR, the majority of the isolates (eight out of 11) were identified to be serotype 5 or 12, and interestingly, serotypes 3, 8 and 15 were also detected, which had never been reported in Malaysia prior to this. Generally, virulent vtaA was detected for all isolates, except for one, which displayed a nonvirulent vtaA. A phylogenetic analysis of the OmpP2 gene revealed that the majority of Malaysian isolates were clustered into genotype 1, which could be further divided into Ia and Ib, while only one isolate was clustered into genotype 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chee Yien Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Chew Yee Tan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Suet Ee Low
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Lai Yee Phang
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Jyhmirn Lai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Peck Toung Ooi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (P.T.O.); (M.W.C.F.)
| | - Michelle Wai Cheng Fong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (P.T.O.); (M.W.C.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu J, Nan W, Peng G, Hu H, Xu C, Huang J, Xiao Z. Screening of linear B-cell epitopes and its proinflammatory activities of Haemophilus parasuis outer membrane protein P2. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1192651. [PMID: 37207184 PMCID: PMC10189045 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1192651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is a commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract of pigs, but virulent strains can cause Glässer's disease, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry. OmpP2 is an outer membrane protein of this organism that shows considerable heterogeneity between virulent and non-virulent strains, with classification into genotypes I and II. It also acts as a dominant antigen and is involved in the inflammatory response. In this study, 32 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against recombinant OmpP2 (rOmpP2) of different genotypes were tested for reactivity to a panel of OmpP2 peptides. Nine linear B cell epitopes were screened, including five common genotype epitopes (Pt1a, Pt7/Pt7a, Pt9a, Pt17, and Pt19/Pt19a) and two groups of genotype-specific epitopes (Pt5 and Pt5-II, Pt11/Pt11a, and Pt11a-II). In addition, we used positive sera from mice and pigs to screen for five linear B-cell epitopes (Pt4, Pt14, Pt15, Pt21, and Pt22). After porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) were stimulated with overlapping OmpP2 peptides, we found that the epitope peptides Pt1 and Pt9, and the loop peptide Pt20 which was adjacent epitopes could all significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. Additionally, we identified epitope peptides Pt7, Pt11/Pt11a, Pt17, Pt19, and Pt21 and loop peptides Pt13 and Pt18 which adjacent epitopes could also upregulate the mRNA expression levels of most proinflammatory cytokines. This suggested that these peptides may be the virulence-related sites of the OmpP2 protein, with proinflammatory activity. Further study revealed differences in the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-6, between genotype-specific epitopes, which may be responsible for pathogenic differences between different genotype strains. Here, we profiled a linear B-cell epitope map of the OmpP2 protein and preliminarily analyzed the proinflammatory activities and effects of these epitopes on bacterial virulence, providing a reliable theoretical basis for establishing a method to distinguish strain pathogenicity and to screen candidate peptides for subunit vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Wu
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Wenjin Nan
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjin Nan,
| | - Guoliang Peng
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Honghui Hu
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Chongbo Xu
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Jianqiang Huang
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Zhengzhong Xiao
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
GUO Z, JIA Y, HUANG C, ZHOU Y, CHEN X, YIN R, GUO Y, WANG L, YUAN J, WANG J, YAN P, YIN R. Immunogenicity and protection against Glaesserella parasuis serotype 13 infection after vaccination with recombinant protein LolA in mice. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1527-1535. [PMID: 36216558 PMCID: PMC9705812 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis is a pathogen causing Glässer's disease characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis. Owing to the low cross-immunogenicity of different bacterial antigens in commercial vaccines, finding and identifying effective immunoprotective antigens will facilitate the development of novel subunit vaccines. In this study, LolA, identified by bioinformatics approaches, was cloned and successfully expressed as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli, and its immunogenicity and protection were evaluated in a mouse model. The results showed that the recombinant protein LolA can stimulate mice to produce high levels of IgG antibodies and confer 50% protection against challenge with the highly virulent G. parasuis CY1201 strain (serotype 13). By testing the cytokine levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-10, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), it was found that the recombinant protein LolA can induce both Th1 and Th2 immune responses in mice. These results suggest that the recombinant protein LolA has the potential to serve as an alternative antigen for a novel vaccine to prevent G. parasuis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo GUO
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Yongchao JIA
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Chen HUANG
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan ZHOU
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Xin CHEN
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Ronglan YIN
- Research Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Ying GUO
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Linxi WANG
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Jing YUAN
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyi WANG
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Ping YAN
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| | - Ronghuan YIN
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University,
Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jia Y, Hao C, Yang Q, Zhang W, Li G, Liu S, Hua X. Inhibition of Haemophilus parasuis by berberine and proteomic studies of its mechanism of action. Res Vet Sci 2021; 138:62-68. [PMID: 34111715 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is the main agent of Glässer's disease, which causes substantial losses in pig production. However, the pathogenic mechanism and virulence factors of H. parasuis have not been fully determined. In this study, berberine is shown to have a good therapeutic effect in vivo against H. parasuis; the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in vitro was 2 μg/mL. Berberine inhibited H. parasuis adhesion to and invasion of PK-15 pig kidney cells. Proteomics studies of H. parasuis after berberine treatment identified a total of 97 differentially-expressed proteins; 35 upregulated and 62 downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis showed that berberine may inhibit the growth of H. parasuis by affecting outer membrane proteins, transferrins, and energy metabolism. This study provides a basis for the development of new antibacterial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jia
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, China
| | - Changqi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Wanjiang Zhang
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Gang Li
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Siguo Liu
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China.
| | - Xin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou Y, Feng S, He X, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Yue H, Tang C, Zhang B. Surface-exposed loops L7 and L8 of Haemophilus (Glaesserella) parasuis OmpP2 contribute to the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in porcine alveolar macrophages. Vet Res 2019; 50:105. [PMID: 31783919 PMCID: PMC6884870 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0721-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane protein P2 (OmpP2) of the virulent Haemophilus (Glaesserella) parasuis has been shown to induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines. The OmpP2 protein is composed of eight or nine surface-exposed loops, but it is unclear which of them participates in the OmpP2-induced inflammatory response. In this study, we synthesized linear peptides corresponding to surface-exposed loops L1–L8 of OmpP2 from the virulent H. parasuis SC096 strain to stimulate porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) in vitro. We found that both L7 and L8 significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and IL-23 and the chemokines CCL-4 and CCL-5 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we constructed ompP2ΔLoop7 and ompP2ΔLoop8 mutant SC096 strains and extracted their native OmpP2 proteins to stimulate PAMs. These mutant proteins induced significantly less mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines than SC096 OmpP2. Next, the amino acid sequences of L7 and L8 from 15 serovars of H. parasuis OmpP2 were aligned. These sequences were relatively conserved among the most virulent reference strains, suggesting that L7 and L8 are the most active peptides of the OmpP2 protein. Furthermore, L7 and L8 significantly upregulated the NF-κB and AP-1 activity levels based on luciferase reporter assays in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, our results demonstrated that both surface-exposed loops L7 and L8 of H. parasuis OmpP2 induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines possibly by activating the NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways in cells infected by H. parasuis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Saixiang Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinyi He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuanwei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hua Yue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Register KB, Jelinski MD, Waldner M, Boatwright WD, Anderson TK, Hunter DL, Hamilton RG, Burrage P, Shury T, Bildfell R, Wolff PL, Miskimins D, Derscheid RJ, Woodbury MR. Comparison of multilocus sequence types found among North American isolates of Mycoplasma bovis from cattle, bison, and deer, 2007-2017. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:899-904. [PMID: 31510908 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719874848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A prior multilocus sequence typing (MLST) study reported that Mycoplasma bovis isolates from North American bison possess sequence types (STs) different from those found among cattle. The 42 bison isolates evaluated were obtained in 2007 or later, whereas only 19 of 94 (~20%) of the available cattle isolates, with only 1 from North America, were from that same time. We compared STs of additional, contemporary, North American cattle isolates with those from bison, as well as isolates from 2 North American deer, all originating during the same timeframe, to more definitively assess potential strain-related host specificity and expand our understanding of the genetic diversity of M. bovis. From 307 isolates obtained between 2007 and 2017 (209 from cattle, 96 from bison, 2 from deer), we identified 49 STs, with 39 found exclusively in cattle and 5 exclusively in bison. Four STs were shared between bison and cattle isolates; one ST was found in cattle and in a deer. There was no clear association between ST and the health status of the animal of origin. An MLST-based phylogeny including 41 novel STs identified in our study reveals that STs found in bison fall within several divergent lineages that include STs found exclusively in cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Register
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit (Register, Boatwright) and Virus and Prion Research Unit (Anderson), USDA/ARS/National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Xu L, Su F, Yu B, Yuan X. Association between iscR-based phylogeny, serovars and potential virulence markers of Haemophilus parasuis. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6950. [PMID: 31143554 PMCID: PMC6524630 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is an economically important bacterial pathogen of swine. Extensive genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity among H. parasuis strains have been observed, which hinders the deciphering of the population structure and its association with clinical virulence. In this study, two highly divergent clades were defined according to iron-sulphur cluster regulator (iscR)-based phylogeny analysis of 148 isolates. Clear separation of serovars and potential virulence markers (PVMs) were observed between the two clades, which are indicative of independent evolution of the two lineages. Previously suggested virulence factors showed no correlation with clinical virulence, and were probably clade or serovar specific genes emerged during different stage of evolution. PVMs profiles varied widely among isolates in the same serovar. Higher strain diversity in respect of PVMs was found for isolates from multi-strain infected farms than those from single strain infected ones, which indicates that multi-strain infection in one farm may increase the frequency of gene transfer in H. parasuis. Systemic isolates were more frequently found in serovar 13 and serovar 12, while no correlation between clinical virulence and iscR-based phylogeny was observed. It shows that iscR is a reliable marker for studying population structure of H. parasuis, while other factors should be included to avoid the interference of gene exchange of iscR between isolates. The two lineages of H. parasuis may have undergone independent evolution, but show no difference in clinical virulence. Wide distribution of systemic isolates across the entire population poses new challenge for development of vaccine with better cross-protection. Our study provides new information for better deciphering the population structure of H. parasuis, which helps understanding the extreme diversity within this pathogenic bacterium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxing Li
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Xu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Su
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiufang Yuan
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Turni C, Singh R, Blackall PJ. Virulence-associated gene profiling, DNA fingerprinting and multilocus sequence typing ofHaemophilus parasuisisolates in Australia. Aust Vet J 2018; 96:196-202. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Turni
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Level 2A EcoSciences Precinct; The University of Queensland, Boggo Road; Dutton Park Queensland 4102 Australia
| | - R Singh
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Level 2A EcoSciences Precinct; The University of Queensland, Boggo Road; Dutton Park Queensland 4102 Australia
| | - PJ Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Level 2A EcoSciences Precinct; The University of Queensland, Boggo Road; Dutton Park Queensland 4102 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Molecular study of an outer fragment of Haemophilus parasuis neuraminidase and utility with diagnostic and immunogen purposes. Res Vet Sci 2017; 115:463-469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
11
|
Characterization and Vaccine Potential of Outer Membrane Vesicles Produced by Haemophilus parasuis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149132. [PMID: 26930282 PMCID: PMC4773134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the upper respiratory tract of swine and is capable of causing a systemic infection, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. H. parasuis isolates display a wide range of virulence and virulence factors are largely unknown. Commercial bacterins are often used to vaccinate swine against H. parasuis, though strain variability and lack of cross-reactivity can make this an ineffective means of protection. Outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are spherical structures naturally released from the membrane of bacteria and OMV are often enriched in toxins, signaling molecules and other bacterial components. Examination of OMV structures has led to identification of virulence factors in a number of bacteria and they have been successfully used as subunit vaccines. We have isolated OMV from both virulent and avirulent strains of H. parasuis, have examined their protein content and assessed their ability to induce an immune response in the host. Vaccination with purified OMV derived from the virulent H. parasuis Nagasaki strain provided protection against challenge with a lethal dose of the bacteria.
Collapse
|
12
|
Euba B, Moleres J, Viadas C, Ruiz de los Mozos I, Valle J, Bengoechea JA, Garmendia J. Relative Contribution of P5 and Hap Surface Proteins to Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Interplay with the Host Upper and Lower Airways. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123154. [PMID: 25894755 PMCID: PMC4403991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major cause of opportunistic respiratory tract disease, and initiates infection by colonizing the nasopharynx. Bacterial surface proteins play determining roles in the NTHi-airways interplay, but their specific and relative contribution to colonization and infection of the respiratory tract has not been addressed comprehensively. In this study, we focused on the ompP5 and hap genes, present in all H. influenzae genome sequenced isolates, and encoding the P5 and Hap surface proteins, respectively. We employed isogenic single and double mutants of the ompP5 and hap genes generated in the pathogenic strain NTHi375 to evaluate P5 and Hap contribution to biofilm growth under continuous flow, to NTHi adhesion, and invasion/phagocytosis on nasal, pharyngeal, bronchial, alveolar cultured epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages, and to NTHi murine pulmonary infection. We show that P5 is not required for bacterial biofilm growth, but it is involved in NTHi interplay with respiratory cells and in mouse lung infection. Mechanistically, P5NTHi375 is not a ligand for CEACAM1 or α5 integrin receptors. Hap involvement in NTHi375-host interaction was shown to be limited, despite promoting bacterial cell adhesion when expressed in H. influenzae RdKW20. We also show that Hap does not contribute to bacterial biofilm growth, and that its absence partially restores the deficiency in lung infection observed for the ΔompP5 mutant. Altogether, this work frames the relative importance of the P5 and Hap surface proteins in NTHi virulence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Euba
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública Navarra-Gobierno Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Javier Moleres
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública Navarra-Gobierno Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Cristina Viadas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública Navarra-Gobierno Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
- Laboratory Microbial Pathogenesis, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (FISIB), CSIC-Govern Illes Balears, Bunyola, Spain
| | - Igor Ruiz de los Mozos
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública Navarra-Gobierno Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Jaione Valle
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública Navarra-Gobierno Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - José Antonio Bengoechea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory Microbial Pathogenesis, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (FISIB), CSIC-Govern Illes Balears, Bunyola, Spain
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Junkal Garmendia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública Navarra-Gobierno Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
- Laboratory Microbial Pathogenesis, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (FISIB), CSIC-Govern Illes Balears, Bunyola, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Identification of putative virulence-associated genes among Haemophilus parasuis strains and the virulence difference of different serovars. Microb Pathog 2014; 77:17-23. [PMID: 25283960 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining virulence-associated genes among Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) strains, and supplying for the Kielstein-Rapp-Gabrielson serotyping scheme. The subtractive fragments, obtained through suppression subtractive hybridization and reverse Southern blot hybridization, were found to encode genes representative of 7 different functions. PCR was used to investigate the distribution of these fragments in H. parasuis strains isolated from different infection sites in pigs. Mice challenge was then used to analyze the correlationship between subtractive fragments, infection sites and bacterial virulence. Eight weeks old female BALB/c mice (10 mice/group) were inoculated intraperitoneally with 3.0 × 10(9) CFU suspension (0.5 ml/mouse) of H. parasuis strains in PBS. Results indicated that H. parasuis possessed varied virulence even among the same serovar strains. Transcription units hsdR, hsdS, gpT and ompP2, identified from the subtractive fragments, were uniformly expressed in highly virulent strains, while absent in weakly virulent strains, and demonstrated variable degrees of expression in moderately virulent strains. Moreover, H. parasuis strains, isolated from pericardium and heart blood, were all highly virulent strains, while from nasal cavity and joint were moderately or weakly virulent strains. This study indicated that fragments hsdR, hsdS, gpT and ompP2 were associated with the virulence of H. parasuis. The virulence of H. parasuis strains isolated from different infection sites was different. The current research provides a new reference for determining bacterial virulence in different H. parasuis strains.
Collapse
|
14
|
Bello-Ortí B, Aragon V, Pina-Pedrero S, Bensaid A. Genome comparison of three serovar 5 pathogenic strains of Haemophilus parasuis: insights into an evolving swine pathogen. Microbiology (Reading) 2014; 160:1974-1984. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.079483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer’s disease, a systemic disorder characterized by polyarthritis, polyserositis and meningitis in pigs. Although it is well known that H. parasuis serovar 5 is the most prevalent serovar associated with the disease, the genetic differences among strains are only now being discovered. Genomes from two serovar 5 strains, SH0165 and 29755, are already available. Here, we present the draft genome of a third H. parasuis serovar 5 strain, the formal serovar 5 reference strain Nagasaki. An in silico genome subtractive analysis with full-length predicted genes of the three H. parasuis serovar 5 strains detected 95, 127 and 95 strain-specific genes (SSGs) for Nagasaki, SH0165 and 29755, respectively. We found that the genomic diversity within these three strains was high, in part because of a high number of mobile elements. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of large sequence polymorphisms (LSPs), encompassing regions ranging from 2 to 16 kb, revealed LSPs in virulence-related elements, such as a Toll-IL receptor, the AcrA multidrug efflux protein, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, lipopolysaccharide-synthetizing enzymes and a tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporter. The whole-genome codon adaptation index (CAI) was also calculated and revealed values similar to other well-known bacterial pathogens. In addition, whole-genome SNP analysis indicated that nucleotide changes tended to be increased in membrane-related genes. This analysis provides further evidence that the genome of H. parasuis has been subjected to multiple lateral gene transfers (LGTs) and to fine-tuning of virulence factors, and has the potential for accelerated genome evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Bello-Ortí
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Aragon
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Pina-Pedrero
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Bensaid
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang B, Tang C, Liao M, Yue H. Update on the pathogenesis of Haemophilus parasuis infection and virulence factors. Vet Microbiol 2014; 168:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
16
|
Costa-Hurtado M, Aragon V. Advances in the quest for virulence factors of Haemophilus parasuis. Vet J 2013; 198:571-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
17
|
Draft Genome Sequences for 10 Isolates of the Swine Pathogen Haemophilus parasuis. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:1/5/e00739-13. [PMID: 24051319 PMCID: PMC3778202 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00739-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis colonizes the upper respiratory tract of swine and can cause a severe systemic disease known as Glässer’s disease. We report here the draft genome sequences of 10 isolates from geographically diverse locations representing the full virulence spectrum of the microorganism, which will aid in understanding the pathobiology of H. parasuis.
Collapse
|
18
|
Virulence, transmission, and heterologous protection of four isolates of Haemophilus parasuis. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 20:1466-72. [PMID: 23885030 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00168-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis causes Glässer's disease, a syndrome of polyserositis, meningitis, and arthritis in swine. Previous studies with H. parasuis have revealed virulence disparity among isolates and inconsistent heterologous protection. In this study, virulence, direct transmission, and heterologous protection of 4 isolates of H. parasuis (SW114, 12939, MN-H, and 29755) were evaluated using a highly susceptible pig model. In an initial experiment, isolates 12939, MN-H, and 29755 caused Glässer's disease, while strain SW114 failed to cause any clinical signs of disease. One pig from each group challenged with MN-H or 29755 failed to develop clinical disease but was able to transmit H. parasuis to noninfected pigs, which subsequently developed Glässer's disease. Pigs colonized with SW114, 29755, or MN-H that were free of clinical disease were protected from a subsequent challenge with isolate 12939. In a following experiment, pigs vaccinated with strain SW114 given as either a bacterin intramuscularly or a live intranasal vaccine were protected from subsequent challenge with isolate 12939; however, some pigs given live SW114 developed arthritis. Overall these studies demonstrated that pigs infected with virulent isolates of H. parasuis can remain healthy and serve as reservoirs for transmission to naive pigs and that heterologous protection among H. parasuis isolates is possible. In addition, further attenuation of strain SW114 is necessary if it is to be used as a live vaccine.
Collapse
|
19
|
Cross-protective efficacy of recombinant transferrin-binding protein A of Haemophilus parasuis in guinea pigs. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 20:912-9. [PMID: 23616407 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00621-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The causative agent of Glasser's disease in swine is Haemophilus parasuis. Commercial bacterins are widely used for protection of the swine population. However, cross protection is limited because H. parasuis has more than 15 serovars. Transferrin-binding protein A has shown potential as a broad-spectrum vaccine candidate against homologous and heterologous strains. Here we amplified the full-length tbpA gene from an H. parasuis serovar 13 isolate and cloned it into a pET-SUMO expression vector. We then expressed and purified the TbpA protein by Ni affinity chromatography. First, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the protein were evaluated in guinea pigs by two subcutaneous immunizations with different doses of Montanide IMS 206 VG adjuvant. The immunized guinea pigs were, respectively, challenged on week 3 after a booster immunization with homologous strain LJ3 (serovar 13) and heterologous strain FX1 (serovar 4), and vaccine-inoculated groups were compared with nonvaccinated controls. All immunized groups showed serum antibody titers higher than those of negative-control groups. Furthermore, the cytokine and chemokine levels were evaluated at the transcriptional level by the real-time PCR analysis of six cytokines and chemokines. Gamma interferon and interleukin-5 in groups immunized with 100 μg were elevated more than 15-fold over those in negative-control groups. The protection rates were 80 and 60% after a challenge with strains LJ3 and FX1, respectively, in the groups vaccinated with 100 μg of recombinant TbpA protein. Subsequently, the data showed that guinea pigs immunized with a single dose (100 μg) were protected at levels of 80, 80, and 60% against LJ3, FX1, and another heterologous strain, SZ (serovar 14), respectively. The results indicate for the first time that TbpA protein cross protects guinea pigs against serovars 13, 4, and 14 of H. parasuis. Taken together, these results suggest that the recombinant TbpA protein is a promising vaccine candidate that needs to be confirmed in a swine population.
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu Q, Gong Y, Cao Y, Wen X, Huang X, Yan Q, Huang Y, Cao S. Construction and immunogenicity of a ∆apxIC/ompP2 mutant of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 80:519. [DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v80i1.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The apxIC genes of the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovar 5 (SC-1), encoding the ApxIactivating proteins, was deleted by a method involving sucrose counter-selection. In this study, a mutant strain of A. pleuropneumoniae (SC-1) was constructed and named DapxIC/ ompP2. The mutant strain contained foreign DNA in the deletion site of ompP2 gene of Haemophilus parasuis. It showed no haemolytic activity and lower virulence of cytotoxicity in mice compared with the parent strain, and its safety and immunogenicity were also evaluated in mice. The LD50 data shown that the mutant strain was attenuated 30-fold, compared with the parent strain (LD50 of the mutant strain and parent strain in mice were determined to be 1.0 × 107 CFU and 3.5 × 105 CFU respectively). The mutant strain that was attenuated could secrete inactivated ApxIA RTX toxins with complete antigenicity and could be used as a candidate live vaccine strain against infections of A. pleuropneumoniae and H. parasuis.
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Assavacheep P, Assavacheep A, Turni C. Detection of a putative hemolysin operon, hhdBA, of Haemophilus parasuis from pigs with Glässer disease. J Vet Diagn Invest 2012; 24:339-43. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638711435805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate whether polymerase chain reaction amplification of 16S ribosomal (r)RNA and a putative hemolysin gene operon, hhdBA, can be used to monitor live pigs for the presence of Haemophilus parasuis and predict the virulence of the strains present. Nasal cavity swabs were taken from 30 live, healthy, 1- to 8-week-old pigs on a weekly cycle from a commercial Thai nursery pig herd. A total of 27 of these pigs (90%) tested positive for H. parasuis as early as week 1 of age. None of the H. parasuis–positive samples from healthy pigs was positive for the hhdBA genes. At the same pig nursery, swab samples from nasal cavity, tonsil, trachea, and lung, and exudate samples from pleural/peritoneal cavity were taken from 30 dead pigs displaying typical pathological lesions consistent with Glässer disease. Twenty-two of 140 samples (15.7%) taken from 30 diseased pigs yielded a positive result for H. parasuis. Samples from the exudate (27%) yielded the most positive results, followed by lung, tracheal swab, tonsil, and nasal swab, respectively. Out of 22 positive samples, 12 samples (54.5%) harbored hhdA and/or hhdB genes. Detection rates of hhdA were higher than hhdB. None of the H. parasuis–positive samples taken from nasal cavity of diseased pigs tested positive for hhdBA genes. More work is required to determine if the detection of hhdBA genes is useful for identifying the virulence potential of H. parasuis field isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pornchalit Assavacheep
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand (P Assavacheep)
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand (A Assavacheep)
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia (Turni)
| | - Anongnart Assavacheep
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand (P Assavacheep)
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand (A Assavacheep)
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia (Turni)
| | - Conny Turni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand (P Assavacheep)
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand (A Assavacheep)
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia (Turni)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang B, Xu C, Zhou S, Feng S, Zhang L, He Y, Liao M. Comparative proteomic analysis of a Haemophilus parasuis SC096 mutant deficient in the outer membrane protein P5. Microb Pathog 2012; 52:117-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
Mullins MA, Register KB, Bayles DO, Butler JE. Haemophilus parasuis exhibits IgA protease activity but lacks homologs of the IgA protease genes of Haemophilus influenzae. Vet Microbiol 2011; 153:407-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
25
|
Zhang B, Feng S, Xu C, Zhou S, He Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Guo L, Liao M. Serum resistance in Haemophilus parasuis SC096 strain requires outer membrane protein P2 expression. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2011; 326:109-15. [PMID: 22092746 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02433.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis outer membrane protein P2 (OmpP2), the most abundant protein in the outer membrane, has been identified as an antigenic protein and a potential virulence factor. To study the precise function of OmpP2, an ompP2-deficient mutant (ΔompP2) of a H. parasuis serovar 4 clinical strain SC096 was constructed by a modified natural transformation system. Compared with the wild-type SC096 strain, the ΔompP2 mutant showed a pronounced growth defect and exhibited significantly greater sensitivity to the bactericidal action of porcine and rabbit sera, whereas the complemented strain could restore the growth and serum resistance phenotypes. The results indicated that H. parasuis OmpP2 from SC096 strain is an important surface protein involved in serum resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li P, Bai J, Li JX, Zhang GL, Song YH, Li YF, Wang XW, Jiang P. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and expression of the outer membrane protein P2 gene of Haemophilus parasuis. Res Vet Sci 2011; 93:736-42. [PMID: 21945800 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer's disease characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis in young pigs. But it is difficult to develop universal serological diagnostic tools and effective vaccines against this disease because of the serovar diversity of the isolates. In this study, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction, were performed to investigate the gene profile of 111 isolates of H. parasuis from China. And a specific common gene of H. parasuis was cloned and identified as the outer-membrane protein (OMP) P2 gene. Sequencing results of OMP P2 genes of 22 isolates showed that they had high homology and could be divided into 2 genetic types. Moreover, the OMPP2 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli expressing system. And the purified recombinant protein provided partial protection against H. parasuis infection in mice. It suggested the OMP P2 was an immunogenic protein and had great potential to serve as a vaccine and diagnostic antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Harrison OB, Brueggemann AB, Caugant DA, van der Ende A, Frosch M, Gray S, Heuberger S, Krizova P, Olcen P, Slack M, Taha MK, Maiden MCJ. Molecular typing methods for outbreak detection and surveillance of invasive disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, a review. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2011; 157:2181-2195. [PMID: 21622526 PMCID: PMC3980633 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.050518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Invasive disease caused by the encapsulated bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the introduction of successful conjugate polysaccharide vaccines that target disease-associated strains. In addition, resistance, or more accurately reduced susceptibility, to therapeutic antibiotics is spreading in populations of these organisms. There is therefore a continuing requirement for the surveillance of vaccine and non-vaccine antigens and antibiotic susceptibilities among isolates from invasive disease, which is only partially met by conventional methods. This need can be met with molecular and especially nucleotide sequence-based typing methods, which are fully developed in the case of N. meningitidis and which could be more widely deployed in clinical laboratories for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odile B. Harrison
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | | | - Dominique A. Caugant
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arie van der Ende
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Medical Microbiology, Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Frosch
- Institut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Strasse 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephen Gray
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, Health Protection Agency, PO Box 209, Clinical Sciences Building 2, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WZ, UK
| | - Sigrid Heuberger
- Österreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit GmbH, Bereich Humanmedizin, Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Beethovenstraße 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Paula Krizova
- National Reference Laboratory for Meningococcal Infections, National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Per Olcen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Orebro University Hospital, SE-701 85 Orebro, Sweden
| | - Mary Slack
- Respiratory and Systemic Infection Laboratory, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | | | - Martin C. J Maiden
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Martí-Lliteras P, López-Gómez A, Mauro S, Hood DW, Viadas C, Calatayud L, Morey P, Servin A, Liñares J, Oliver A, Bengoechea JA, Garmendia J. Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae displays a prevalent surface structure molecular pattern in clinical isolates. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21133. [PMID: 21698169 PMCID: PMC3116884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-typable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a Gram negative pathogen that causes acute respiratory infections and is associated with the progression of chronic respiratory diseases. Previous studies have established the existence of a remarkable genetic variability among NTHi strains. In this study we show that, in spite of a high level of genetic heterogeneity, NTHi clinical isolates display a prevalent molecular feature, which could confer fitness during infectious processes. A total of 111 non-isogenic NTHi strains from an identical number of patients, isolated in two distinct geographical locations in the same period of time, were used to analyse nine genes encoding bacterial surface molecules, and revealed the existence of one highly prevalent molecular pattern (lgtF+, lic2A+, lic1D+, lic3A+, lic3B+, siaA−, lic2C+, ompP5+, oapA+) displayed by 94.6% of isolates. Such a genetic profile was associated with a higher bacterial resistance to serum mediated killing and enhanced adherence to human respiratory epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Martí-Lliteras
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Gómez
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Silvia Mauro
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
| | - Derek W. Hood
- Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Paediatrics, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Viadas
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
| | - Laura Calatayud
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Morey
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Alain Servin
- INSERM, UMR 756, Signalisation and Physiopathology of Epithelial cells, Paris, France
| | - Josefina Liñares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Antonio Bengoechea
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Junkal Garmendia
- Programa de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación Caubet-CIMERA, Bunyola, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Vitoria, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Universidad Pública de Navarra-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|