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Boya BR, Lee JH, Lee J. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of chromone derivatives against uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127537. [PMID: 37922697 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a urinary tract pathogen responsible for most nosocomial urinary tract infections and can cause severe conditions like acute cystitis of the bladder or pyelonephritis. UPEC harbors a host of virulence factors like curli, hemolysin, siderophore, and motility factors and can form biofilm-like communities and quiescent reservoirs that aid its survival. This study was performed to investigate the antibiofilm, antimicrobial, and antivirulence potentials of three chromone derivatives, namely, 6-bromo 3-formylchromone, 6-chloro 3-formylchromone, and 3-formyl 6-isopropylchromone. These chromones had MICs against UPEC of 20, 20, and 50 µg/ml, respectively, inhibited biofilm formation by 72-96% at 20 µg/ml, and inhibited UPEC-associated virulence factors, that is, hemolysis, motility, curli, siderophore production, indole production, quiescent colony formation, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Gene expression analysis indicated these three derivatives downregulated virulence genes associated with toxins, biofilm production, and stress regulation and suggested they might target two-component UvrY response regulator. 3D-QSAR analysis showed that substitutions at the third and sixth positions of the chromone scaffold favor antimicrobial activity against UPEC. Furthermore, ADME profiles and C. elegans cytotoxicity assays indicated that these chromone derivatives are potent, safe drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Reddy Boya
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Sora VM, Meroni G, Martino PA, Soggiu A, Bonizzi L, Zecconi A. Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli: Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111355. [PMID: 34832511 PMCID: PMC8618662 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The One Health approach emphasizes the importance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a major concern both in public health and in food animal production systems. As a general classification, E. coli can be distinguished based on the ability to cause infection of the gastrointestinal system (IPEC) or outside of it (ExPEC). Among the different pathogens, E. coli are becoming of great importance, and it has been suggested that ExPEC may harbor resistance genes that may be transferred to pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria. ExPEC strains are versatile bacteria that can cause urinary tract, bloodstream, prostate, and other infections at non-intestinal sites. In this context of rapidly increasing multidrug-resistance worldwide and a diminishingly effective antimicrobial arsenal to tackle resistant strains. ExPEC infections are now a serious public health threat worldwide. However, the clinical and economic impact of these infections and their optimal management are challenging, and consequently, there is an increasing awareness of the importance of ExPECs amongst healthcare professionals and the general public alike. This review aims to describe pathotype characteristics of ExPEC to increase our knowledge of these bacteria and, consequently, to increase our chances to control them and reduce the risk for AMR, following a One Health approach.
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Ageorges V, Monteiro R, Leroy S, Burgess CM, Pizza M, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Desvaux M. Molecular determinants of surface colonisation in diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC): from bacterial adhesion to biofilm formation. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 44:314-350. [PMID: 32239203 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is primarily known as a commensal colonising the gastrointestinal tract of infants very early in life but some strains being responsible for diarrhoea, which can be especially severe in young children. Intestinal pathogenic E. coli include six pathotypes of diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC), namely, the (i) enterotoxigenic E. coli, (ii) enteroaggregative E. coli, (iii) enteropathogenic E. coli, (iv) enterohemorragic E. coli, (v) enteroinvasive E. coli and (vi) diffusely adherent E. coli. Prior to human infection, DEC can be found in natural environments, animal reservoirs, food processing environments and contaminated food matrices. From an ecophysiological point of view, DEC thus deal with very different biotopes and biocoenoses all along the food chain. In this context, this review focuses on the wide range of surface molecular determinants acting as surface colonisation factors (SCFs) in DEC. In the first instance, SCFs can be broadly discriminated into (i) extracellular polysaccharides, (ii) extracellular DNA and (iii) surface proteins. Surface proteins constitute the most diverse group of SCFs broadly discriminated into (i) monomeric SCFs, such as autotransporter (AT) adhesins, inverted ATs, heat-resistant agglutinins or some moonlighting proteins, (ii) oligomeric SCFs, namely, the trimeric ATs and (iii) supramolecular SCFs, including flagella and numerous pili, e.g. the injectisome, type 4 pili, curli chaperone-usher pili or conjugative pili. This review also details the gene regulatory network of these numerous SCFs at the various stages as it occurs from pre-transcriptional to post-translocational levels, which remains to be fully elucidated in many cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Ageorges
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ricardo Monteiro
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,GSK, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Sabine Leroy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Catherine M Burgess
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | | | - Frédérique Chaucheyras-Durand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Lallemand Animal Nutrition SAS, F-31702 Blagnac Cedex, France
| | - Mickaël Desvaux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Ma A, Neumann N, Chui L. Phenotypic and Genetic Determination of Biofilm Formation in Heat Resistant Escherichia coli Possessing the Locus of Heat Resistance. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020403. [PMID: 33672009 PMCID: PMC7919257 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of thermal inactivation processes, Escherichiacoli biofilms continue to be a persistent source of contamination in food processing environments. E. coli strains possessing the locus of heat resistance are a novel food safety threat and raises the question of whether these strains can also form biofilms. The objectives of this study were to determine biofilm formation in heat resistant E. coli isolates from clinical and environmental origins using an in-house, two-component apparatus and to characterize biofilm formation-associated genes in the isolates using whole genome sequencing. Optimal conditions for biofilm formation in each of the heat resistant isolates were determined by manipulating inoculum size, nutrient concentration, and temperature conditions. Biofilm formation in the heat resistant isolates was detected at temperatures of 24 °C and 37 °C but not at 4 °C. Furthermore, biofilm formation was observed in all environmental isolates but only one clinical isolate despite shared profiles in biofilm formation-associated genes encoded by the isolates from both sources. The circulation of heat resistant E. coli isolates with multi-stress tolerance capabilities in environments related to food processing signify that such strains may be a serious food safety and public health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Norman Neumann
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Linda Chui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
- Alberta Precision Laboratories—Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-407-8951
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Cabrer-Panes JD, Fernández-Coll L, Fernández-Vázquez J, Gaviria-Cantin TC, El Mouali Y, Åberg A, Balsalobre C. ppGpp mediates the growth phase-dependent regulation of agn43, a phase variable gene, by stimulating its promoter activity. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020; 12:444-453. [PMID: 32548953 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antigen 43 (Ag43) is a self-recognizing outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli expressed during intracellular growth and biofilm formation, suggesting a role in infection. The expression of agn43 is under phase variation control, meaning that there are regulatory mechanisms adjusting the percentage of agn43-expressing cells in the population, in addition to mechanisms modulating the transcriptional expression level in each expressing cell. Phenotypic and transcriptional studies indicate that Ag43 expression is induced upon entry into the stationary phase in a ppGpp-dependent and RpoS-independent manner. The use of single-cell approaches and phase variation deficient strains let to conclude that ppGpp stimulates agn43 promoter activity, rather than affecting the percentage of agn43-expressing cells. The data highlight the relevance that promoter activity regulation may have, without any involvement of the phase variation state, in the final Ag43 expression output. The agn43 promoter of the MG1655 strain carries an AT-rich discriminator between positions -10 and +1, which is highly conserved among the agn43 genes present in the different pathotypes of E. coli. Remarkably, the AT-rich discriminator is required for the positive transcriptional control mediated by ppGpp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan David Cabrer-Panes
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Llorenç Fernández-Coll
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Section on Molecular Regulation, Program in Genomics of Differentiation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jorge Fernández-Vázquez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Youssef El Mouali
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Åberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carlos Balsalobre
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ayatollahi AA, Khandan Del A, Jamalli A, Shahin K, Ahani Azari A. Prevalence of Biofilm Formation and Detection of PSM B Gene in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.14.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Hu G, Hu T, Zhan Y, Lu W, Lin M, Huang Y, Yan Y. NfiS, a species-specific regulatory noncoding RNA of Pseudomonas stutzeri, enhances oxidative stress tolerance in Escherichia coli. AMB Express 2019; 9:156. [PMID: 31555995 PMCID: PMC6761216 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can finely control the expression of target genes at the posttranscriptional level in prokaryotes. Regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) designed to control target gene expression for applications in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have been successfully developed and used. However, the effect on the heterologous expression of species- or strain-specific ncRNAs in other bacterial strains remains poorly understood. In this work, a Pseudomonas stutzeri species-specific regulatory ncRNA, NfiS, which has been shown to play an important role in the response to oxidative stress as well as osmotic stress in P. stutzeri A1501, was cloned and transferred to the Escherichia coli strain Trans10. Recombinant NfiS-expressing E. coli, namely, Trans10-nfiS, exhibited significant enhancement of tolerance to oxidative stress. To map the possible gene regulatory networks mediated by NfiS in E. coli under oxidative stress, a microarray assay was performed to delineate the transcriptomic differences between Trans10-nfiS and wild-type E. coli under H2O2 shock treatment conditions. In all, 1184 genes were found to be significantly altered, and these genes were divided into mainly five functional categories: stress response, regulation, metabolism related, transport or membrane protein and unknown function. Our results suggest that the P. stutzeri species-specific ncRNA NfiS acts as a regulator that integrates adaptation to H2O2 with other cellular stress responses and helps protect E. coli cells against oxidative damage.
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Yadegari Z, Nikbakht Brujeni G, Ghorbanpour R, Moosakhani F, Lotfollahzadeh S. Molecular characterization of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from neonatal calves diarrhea. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2019; 10:73-78. [PMID: 31183019 PMCID: PMC6522186 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.34313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) produces different virulence factors allowing the bacterium to colonize and develop watery diarrhea. Proteomics studies have also introduced new protein belonging to the secretion pathways, antigen 43 (Ag43), which plays important role in E. coli pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate O-types and virulence factors of E. coli isolates from neonatal calves diarrhea. Total of 120 isolates from diarrheic calves were genotyped for their O groups and the presence of virulence genes K99, F41 and STa as well as Ag43. The predominant O-type was O101 (51.00%) and the prevalence of K99, F41 and STa was 7 (5.80%). The Ag43 was detected in all samples with three different allelic patterns. Our results indicated that K99 positive isolates certainly have one of each 2200 bp or 1800 bp or both copies of Ag43 passenger domain, while negative K99 isolates lack the Ag43. The results reported here provide informative data regarding the prevalence of E. coli O-types and their virulence factors in enteric colibacillosis. The Ag43 that was more found in K99 positive isolates might be associated with diarrhea-causing E. coli strains in neonatal calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Yadegari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Gholamreza Nikbakht Brujeni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Reyhaneh Ghorbanpour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Farhad Moosakhani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Branch of Karaj, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran;
| | - Samad Lotfollahzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Sarowska J, Futoma-Koloch B, Jama-Kmiecik A, Frej-Madrzak M, Ksiazczyk M, Bugla-Ploskonska G, Choroszy-Krol I. Virulence factors, prevalence and potential transmission of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources: recent reports. Gut Pathog 2019; 11:10. [PMID: 30828388 PMCID: PMC6383261 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-019-0290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) are facultative pathogens that are part of the normal human intestinal flora. The ExPEC group includes uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), sepsis-associated E. coli (SEPEC), and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Virulence factors (VF) related to the pathogenicity of ExPEC are numerous and have a wide range of activities, from those related to bacteria colonization to those related to virulence, including adhesins, toxins, iron acquisition factors, lipopolysaccharides, polysaccharide capsules, and invasins, which are usually encoded on pathogenicity islands (PAIs), plasmids and other mobile genetic elements. Mechanisms underlying the dynamics of ExPEC transmission and the selection of virulent clones are still poorly understood and require further research. The time shift between colonization of ExPEC and the development of infection remains problematic in the context of establishing the relation between consumption of contaminated food and the appearance of first disease symptoms. What appears to be most difficult is to prove that ExPEC strains cause disease symptoms and to examine the mechanism of transition from the asymptomatic colonization of the intestines to the spreading of the bacteria outside the digestive system. A significant problem for researchers who are trying to ascribe ExPEC transmission to food, people or the environment is to draw the distinction between colonization of ExPEC and infection. Food safety is an important challenge for public health both at the production stage and in the course of its processing and distribution. Examination of the genetic similarity of ExPEC strains will allow to determine their origin from different sources. Many levels of genotyping have been proposed in which the typing of strains, plasmids and genes is compared in order to obtain a more complete picture of this complex problem. The aim of our study was to characterize E. coli strains isolated from humans, animals and food for the presence of bacterial genes encoding virulence factors such as toxins, and iron acquisition systems (siderophores) in the context of an increasing spread of ExPEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Sarowska
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Futoma-Koloch
- 2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frej-Madrzak
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Ksiazczyk
- 2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Bugla-Ploskonska
- 2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Irena Choroszy-Krol
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Inactivation of Transcriptional Regulators during Within-Household Evolution of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 2017; 199:JB.00036-17. [PMID: 28439032 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00036-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the within-household evolution of two household-associated Escherichia coli strains from pandemic clonal group ST131-H30, using isolates recovered from five individuals within two families, each of which had a distinct strain. Family 1's strain was represented by a urine isolate from the index patient (older sister) with recurrent cystitis and a blood isolate from her younger sister with fatal urosepsis. Family 2's strain was represented by a urine isolate from the index patient (father) with pyelonephritis and renal abscesses, blood and kidney drainage isolates from the daughter with emphysematous pyelonephritis, and urine and fecal isolates from the mother with cystitis. Collectively, the several variants of each family's strain had accumulated a total of 8 (family 1) and 39 (family 2) point mutations; no two isolates were identical. Of the 47 total mutations, 36 resulted in amino acid changes or truncation of coded proteins. Fourteen such mutations (39%) targeted genes encoding transcriptional regulators, and 9 (25%) involved DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs), which significantly exceeded the relative contribution of TF genes to the isolates' genomes (∼6%). At least one-half of the transcriptional regulator mutations were inactivating, based on phenotypic and/or transcriptional analysis. In particular, inactivating mutations in the global regulator LrhA (repressor of type 1 fimbriae and flagella) occurred in the blood isolates from both households and increased the virulence of E. coli strains in a murine sepsis model. The results indicate that E. coli undergoes adaptive evolution between and/or within hosts, generating subpopulations with distinctive phenotypes and virulence potential.IMPORTANCE The clonal evolution of bacterial strains associated with interhost transmission is poorly understood. We characterized the genome sequences of clonal descendants of two Escherichia coli strains, recovered at different time points from multiple individuals within two households who had different types of urinary tract infection. We found evidence that the E. coli strains underwent extensive mutational diversification between and within these individuals, driven disproportionately by inactivation of transcriptional regulators. In urosepsis isolates, the mutations observed in the global regulator LrhA increased bacterial virulence in a murine sepsis model. Our findings help in understanding the adaptive dynamics and strategies of E. coli during short-term natural evolution.
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Shakerimoghaddam A, Ghaemi EA, Jamalli A. Zinc oxide nanoparticle reduced biofilm formation and antigen 43 expressions in uropathogenic Escherichiacoli. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:451-456. [PMID: 28804616 PMCID: PMC5425929 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-np) on biofilm formation and expression of the flu gene in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains. MATERIALS AND METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO-np was determined by agar dilution method. The effect of MIC and sub-MIC concentrations of ZnO-np on biofilm formation were determined by microtiter plate assay. The expression level of the flu gene was assessed by Real-Time PCR assay. RESULTS MIC and sub-MIC ZnO-np concentrations reduced biofilm formation by 50% and 33.4%, respectively. Sub-MIC ZnO-np concentration significantly reduced the flu gene expression in the UPEC isolates (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION The sub-MIC concentration of ZnO-np reduces biofilm formation and flu gene expression in UPEC isolates. It is suggested to use nanoparticles for coating medical devices to prevent bacterial colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shakerimoghaddam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ezzat A Ghaemi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ailar Jamalli
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Maes A, Gracia C, Innocenti N, Zhang K, Aurell E, Hajnsdorf E. Landscape of RNA polyadenylation in E. coli. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:2746-2756. [PMID: 28426097 PMCID: PMC5389530 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyadenylation is thought to be involved in the degradation and quality control of bacterial RNAs but relatively few examples have been investigated. We used a combination of 5΄-tagRACE and RNA-seq to analyze the total RNA content from a wild-type strain and from a poly(A)polymerase deleted mutant. A total of 178 transcripts were either up- or down-regulated in the mutant when compared to the wild-type strain. Poly(A)polymerase up-regulates the expression of all genes related to the FliA regulon and several previously unknown transcripts, including numerous transporters. Notable down-regulation of genes in the expression of antigen 43 and components of the type 1 fimbriae was detected. The major consequence of the absence of poly(A)polymerase was the accumulation of numerous sRNAs, antisense transcripts, REP sequences and RNA fragments resulting from the processing of entire transcripts. A new algorithm to analyze the position and composition of post-transcriptional modifications based on the sequence of unencoded 3΄-ends, was developed to identify polyadenylated molecules. Overall our results shed new light on the broad spectrum of action of polyadenylation on gene expression and demonstrate the importance of poly(A) dependent degradation to remove structured RNA fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Maes
- CNRS UMR8261 (previously FRE3630) associated with University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue P. et M. Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Gracia
- CNRS UMR8261 (previously FRE3630) associated with University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue P. et M. Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Innocenti
- Department of Computational Biology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Roslagstullsbacken 17, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Combient AB, Nettovägen 6, SE-175 41 Järfälla, Sweden
| | - Kaiyang Zhang
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Research Programs Unit,Genome-Scale Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finlandepts of Computer Science and Applied Physics, Aalto University, Konemiehentie 2, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Erik Aurell
- Department of Computational Biology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Roslagstullsbacken 17, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Computer Science and Applied Physics, AaltoUniversity, Konemiehentie 2, FI-02150 Espoo, Finlandombient AB, Nettovägen 6, SE-175 41 Järfälla, Sweden
| | - Eliane Hajnsdorf
- CNRS UMR8261 (previously FRE3630) associated with University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue P. et M. Curie, 75005 Paris, France
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