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Kolek J, Diallo M, Vasylkivska M, Branska B, Sedlar K, López-Contreras AM, Patakova P. Comparison of expression of key sporulation, solventogenic and acetogenic genes in C. beijerinckii NRRL B-598 and its mutant strain overexpressing spo0A. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:8279-8291. [PMID: 28990140 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The production of acetone, butanol and ethanol by fermentation of renewable biomass has potential to become a valuable industrial process. Mechanisms of solvent production and sporulation involve some common regulators in some ABE-producing clostridia, although details of the links between the pathways are not clear. In this study, we compare a wild-type (WT) Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B-598 with its mutant strain OESpo0A, in which the gene encoding Spo0A, an important regulator of both sporulation and solventogenesis, is overexpressed in terms of solvent and acid production. We also compare morphologies during growth on two different media: TYA broth, where the WT culture sporulates, and RCM, where the WT culture does not. In addition, RT-qPCR-based analysis of expression profiles of spo0A, spoIIE, sigG, spoVD, ald and buk1 genes involved in sporulation or solvent production in these strains, were compared. The OESpo0A mutant did not produce spores and butanol titre was lower compared to the WT, but increased amounts of butyric acid and ethanol were produced. The gene spo0A had high levels of expression in the WT under non-sporulating culture conditions while other selected genes for sporulation factors were downregulated significantly. Similar observations were obtained for OESpo0A where spo0A overexpression and downregulation of other sporulation genes were demonstrated. Higher expression of spo0A led to higher expression of buk1 and ald, which could confirm the role of spo0A in activation of the solventogenic pathway, although solvent production was not affected significantly in the WT and was weakened in the OESpo0A mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kolek
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Diallo
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Vasylkivska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Branska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Sedlar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 12, 61600, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A M López-Contreras
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Patakova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Hou X, Yu X, Du B, Liu K, Yao L, Zhang S, Selin C, Fernando WGD, Wang C, Ding Y. A single amino acid mutation in Spo0A results in sporulation deficiency of Paenibacillus polymyxa SC2. Res Microbiol 2016; 167:472-9. [PMID: 27208661 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sporulating bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus polymyxa exhibit sporulation deficiencies during their lifetime in a laboratory environment. In this study, spontaneous mutants SC2-M1 and SC2-M2, of P. polymyxa SC2 lost the ability to form endospores. A global genetic and transcriptomic analysis of wild-type SC2 and spontaneous mutants was carried out. Genome resequencing analysis revealed 14 variants in the genome of SC2-M1, including three insertions and deletions (indels), 10 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and one intrachromosomal translocation (ITX). There were nine variants in the genome of SC2-M2, including two indels and seven SNVs. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 266 and 272 genes showed significant differences in expression in SC2-M1 and SC2-M2, respectively, compared with the wild-type SC2. Besides sporulation-related genes, genes related to exopolysaccharide biosynthesis (eps), antibiotic (fusaricidin) synthesis, motility (flgB) and other functions were also affected in these mutants. In SC2-M2, reversion of spo0A resulted in the complete recovery of sporulation. This is the first global analysis of mutations related to sporulation deficiency in P. polymyxa. Our results demonstrate that a SNV within spo0A caused the sporulation deficiency of SC2-M2 and provide strong evidence that an arginine residue at position 211 is essential for the function of Spo0A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xiaoning Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China
| | - Binghai Du
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China
| | - Liangtong Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China
| | - C Selin
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - W G D Fernando
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Chengqiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China; Mailing address: College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Yanqin Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Taian 271018, China; Mailing address: College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China.
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Stephenson K, Lewis RJ. Molecular insights into the initiation of sporulation in Gram-positive bacteria: new technologies for an old phenomenon. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmrre.2004.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Zhao H, Msadek T, Zapf J, Hoch JA, Varughese KI. DNA complexed structure of the key transcription factor initiating development in sporulating bacteria. Structure 2002; 10:1041-50. [PMID: 12176382 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(02)00803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sporulation in Bacillus species, the ultimate bacterial adaptive response, requires the precisely coordinated expression of a complex genetic pathway, and is initiated through the accumulation of the phosphorylated form of Spo0A, a pleiotropic response regulator transcription factor. Spo0A controls the transcription of several hundred genes in all spore-forming Bacilli including genes for sporulation and toxin regulation in pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis. The crystal structure of the effector domain of Spo0A from Bacillus subtilis in complex with its DNA target was determined. In the crystal lattice, two molecules form a tandem dimer upon binding to adjacent sites on DNA. The protein:protein and protein:DNA interfaces revealed in the crystal provide a basis for interpreting the transcription activation process and for the design of drugs to counter infections by these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhao
- Division of Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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