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Cintra FDO, Takagi M. SELECTION OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE KINETICS OF Haemophilus influenzae TYPE B USING AKAIKE’S INFORMATION CRITERION. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20180354s20170085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kavanová L, Matiašková K, Levá L, Štěpánová H, Nedbalcová K, Matiašovic J, Faldyna M, Salát J. Concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in two types of porcine macrophages: apoptosis, production of ROS and formation of multinucleated giant cells. Vet Res 2017; 48:28. [PMID: 28472979 PMCID: PMC5418695 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-017-0433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most significant and economically important infectious diseases affecting swine worldwide and can predispose pigs to secondary bacterial infections caused by, e.g. Haemophilus parasuis. The aim of the presented study was to compare susceptibility of two different types of macrophages which could be in contact with both pathogens during infection with PRRS virus (PRRSV) and in co-infection with H. parasuis. Alveolar macrophages (PAMs) as resident cells provide one of the first lines of defence against microbes invading lung tissue. On the other hand, monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs) represent inflammatory cells accumulating at the site of inflammation. While PAMs were relatively resistant to cytopathogenic effect caused by PRRSV, MDMs were much more sensitive to PRRSV infection. MDMs infected with PRRSV increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bad, Bax and p53 mRNA. Increased mortality of MDMs may be also related to a higher intensity of ROS production after infection with PRRSV. In addition, MDMs (but not PAMs) infected with H. parasuis alone formed multinucleated giant cells (MGC); these cells were not observed in MDMs infected with both pathogens. Higher sensitivity of MDMs to PRRSV infection, which is associated with limited MDMs survival and restriction of MGC formation, could contribute to the development of multifactorial respiratory disease of swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kavanová
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Matiašková
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic.,University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého třída 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Levá
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Štěpánová
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ján Matiašovic
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Salát
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Choby JE, Skaar EP. Heme Synthesis and Acquisition in Bacterial Pathogens. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3408-28. [PMID: 27019298 PMCID: PMC5125930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens require the iron-containing cofactor heme to cause disease. Heme is essential to the function of hemoproteins, which are involved in energy generation by the electron transport chain, detoxification of host immune effectors, and other processes. During infection, bacterial pathogens must synthesize heme or acquire heme from the host; however, host heme is sequestered in high-affinity hemoproteins. Pathogens have evolved elaborate strategies to acquire heme from host sources, particularly hemoglobin, and both heme acquisition and synthesis are important for pathogenesis. Paradoxically, excess heme is toxic to bacteria and pathogens must rely on heme detoxification strategies. Heme is a key nutrient in the struggle for survival between host and pathogen, and its study has offered significant insight into the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob E Choby
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Nørskov-Lauritsen N. Classification, identification, and clinical significance of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species with host specificity for humans. Clin Microbiol Rev 2014; 27:214-40. [PMID: 24696434 PMCID: PMC3993099 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00103-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on the current classification and identification of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species with exclusive or predominant host specificity for humans. Haemophilus influenzae and some of the other Haemophilus species are commonly encountered in the clinical microbiology laboratory and demonstrate a wide range of pathogenicity, from life-threatening invasive disease to respiratory infections to a nonpathogenic, commensal lifestyle. New species of Haemophilus have been described (Haemophilus pittmaniae and Haemophilus sputorum), and the new genus Aggregatibacter was created to accommodate some former Haemophilus and Actinobacillus species (Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Aggregatibacter segnis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). Aggregatibacter species are now a dominant etiology of infective endocarditis caused by fastidious organisms (HACEK endocarditis), and A. aphrophilus has emerged as an important cause of brain abscesses. Correct identification of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species based on phenotypic characterization can be challenging. It has become clear that 15 to 20% of presumptive H. influenzae isolates from the respiratory tracts of healthy individuals do not belong to this species but represent nonhemolytic variants of Haemophilus haemolyticus. Due to the limited pathogenicity of H. haemolyticus, the proportion of misidentified strains may be lower in clinical samples, but even among invasive strains, a misidentification rate of 0.5 to 2% can be found. Several methods have been investigated for differentiation of H. influenzae from its less pathogenic relatives, but a simple method for reliable discrimination is not available. With the implementation of identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, the more rarely encountered species of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter will increasingly be identified in clinical microbiology practice. However, identification of some strains will still be problematic, necessitating DNA sequencing of multiple housekeeping gene fragments or full-length 16S rRNA genes.
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Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are of profound importance in food production and infection medicine. LAB do not rely on heme (protoheme IX) for growth and are unable to synthesize this cofactor but are generally able to assemble a small repertoire of heme-containing proteins if heme is provided from an exogenous source. These features are in contrast to other bacteria, which synthesize their heme or depend on heme for growth. We here present the cellular function of heme proteins so far identified in LAB and discuss their biogenesis as well as applications of the extraordinary heme physiology of LAB.
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Mullins MA, Register KB, Bayles DO, Dyer DW, Kuehn JS, Phillips GJ. Genome sequence of Haemophilus parasuis strain 29755. Stand Genomic Sci 2011; 5:61-8. [PMID: 22180811 PMCID: PMC3236040 DOI: 10.4056/sigs.2245029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is a member of the family Pasteurellaceae and is the etiologic agent of Glässer's disease in pigs, a systemic syndrome associated with only a subset of isolates. The genetic basis for virulence and systemic spread of particular H. parasuis isolates is currently unknown. Strain 29755 is an invasive isolate that has long been used in the study of Glässer's disease. Accordingly, the genome sequence of strain 29755 is of considerable importance to investigators endeavoring to understand the molecular pathogenesis of H. parasuis. Here we describe the features of the 2,224,137 bp draft genome sequence of strain 29755 generated from 454-FLX pyrosequencing. These data comprise the first publicly available genome sequence for this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Mullins
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Karen B. Register
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Darrell O. Bayles
- Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
| | - David W. Dyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Biomedical Research Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Joanna S. Kuehn
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Gregory J. Phillips
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA
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Riising HJ. Prevention of Glässer's disease through immunity to Haemophilus parasuis. ZENTRALBLATT FUR VETERINARMEDIZIN. REIHE B. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. SERIES B 2010; 28:630-8. [PMID: 7336832 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1981.tb01784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Paramaesvaran M, Nguyen KA, Caldon E, McDonald JA, Najdi S, Gonzaga G, Langley DB, DeCarlo A, Crossley MJ, Hunter N, Collyer CA. Porphyrin-mediated cell surface heme capture from hemoglobin by Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Bacteriol 2003; 185:2528-37. [PMID: 12670977 PMCID: PMC152631 DOI: 10.1128/jb.185.8.2528-2537.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The porphyrin requirements for growth recovery of Porphyromonas gingivalis in heme-depleted cultures are investigated. In addition to physiologically relevant sources of heme, growth recovery is stimulated by a number of noniron porphyrins. These data demonstrate that, as for Haemophilus influenzae, reliance on captured iron and on exogenous porphyrin is manifest as an absolute growth requirement for heme. A number of outer membrane proteins including some gingipains contain the hemoglobin receptor (HA2) domain. In cell surface extracts, polypeptides derived from HA2-containing proteins predominated in hemoglobin binding. The in vitro porphyrin-binding properties of a recombinant HA2 domain were investigated and found to be iron independent. Porphyrins that differ from protoporphyrin IX in only the vinyl aspect of the tetrapyrrole ring show comparable effects in competing with hemoglobin for HA2 and facilitate growth recovery. For some porphyrins which differ from protoporphyrin IX at both propionic acid side chains, the modification is detrimental in both these assays. Correlations of porphyrin competition and growth recovery imply that the HA2 domain acts as a high-affinity hemophore at the cell surface to capture porphyrin from hemoglobin. While some proteins involved with heme capture bind directly to the iron center, the HA2 domain of P. gingivalis recognizes heme by a mechanism that is solely porphyrin mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Paramaesvaran
- Institute of Dental Research, Centre for Oral Health, Westmead Hospital, Wentworthville, Sydney NSW 2145, Australia
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van der Meulen FW, Ibrahim K, Sterenborg HJ, Alphen LV, Maikoe A, Dankert J. Photodynamic destruction of Haemophilus parainfluenzae by endogenously produced porphyrins. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1997; 40:204-8. [PMID: 9372610 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(97)00057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance against antibiotic treatment is becoming an increasing problem in medicine. Therefore methods to destroy microorganisms by other means are being investigated, one of which is photodynamic therapy (PDT). It has already been shown that a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can be killed in vitro by PDT using exogenous sensitizers. An alternative method of photosensitizing cells is to stimulate the production of endogenous sensitizers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bactericidal efficacy of PDT for Haemophilus parainfluenzae with endogenously produced porphyrins, synthesized in the presence of delta-aminolaevulinic acid (delta-ALA). H. parainfluenzae incubated with increasing amounts of delta-ALA showed decreased survival after illumination with 630 nm light. No photodynamic effect on the bacterial viability was found when H. parainfluenzae was grown without added delta-ALA. H. influenzae, grown in the presence of delta-ALA, but not capable of synthesizing porphyrins from delta-ALA, was not affected by PDT. Of the range of incident wavelengths, 617 nm appeared to be the most efficient in killing the bacteria. Spectrophotometry of the bacterial porphyrins demonstrated that the maximum fluorescence occurred at approximately 617 nm, with a much lower peak around 680 nm. We conclude that a substantial killing of H. parainfluenzae by PDT in vitro after endogenous sensitization with delta-ALA can be achieved.
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Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae is a heme-dependent bacterium. However, little is known of the heme-iron uptake mechanism in this organism. By using a batch ligand affinity chromatography method, a hemin-binding protein of 39,500 molecular weight was isolated from total membranes derived from H. influenzae type b grown under iron-depleted but not under iron-sufficient conditions. Detection of the hemin-binding protein in a whole-cell binding assay demonstrated a surface-exposed location. Competition binding experiments indicated that this hemin-protein interaction was specific, since only hemin or heme-containing proteins, such as human hemoglobin and bovine catalase, but not protoporphyrin IX, iron-loaded human lactoferrin, or transferrin, could abrogate binding. In a limited survey of other H. influenzae strains, an identical hemin-binding protein was isolated, implying that this polypeptide may be structurally and functionally conserved among strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Ling JM, Khin-Thi-Oo H, Hui YW, French GL. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Haemophilus species in Hong Kong. J Infect 1989; 19:135-42. [PMID: 2809236 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(89)91889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Altogether 403 Haemophilus spp. were isolated in seven hospital laboratories in Hong Kong during June 1986, mostly from sputum. Of these 73% were Haemophilus influenzae and 27% Haemophilus parainfluenzae. All the isolates of H. influenzae were non-capsulated; Haemophilus spp. were not isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the period of the study. Antimicrobial resistance, including multiple resistance, was common. Of all the strains of H. influenzae, 20% were resistant to 1 mg/l ampicillin, (all except one by production of TEM-1 beta-lactamase), 65% were resistant to 0.5 mg/l erythromycin, 25% to 1 mg/l tetracycline, 14% to 1 mg/l chloramphenicol (mediated by the production of a chloramphenicol-destroying enzyme) and less than 1% to 8 mg/l cefaclor and 0.5 mg/l trimethoprim. All isolates were susceptible to cephamandole and cefuroxime. Haemophilus parainfluenzae showed similar susceptibilities, except that a greater proportion of strains was sensitive to erythromycin and chloramphenicol. Only 50% of the ampicillin-resistant strains of H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae contained detectable plasmids of 2-55 Mdal arranged in six to nine different plasmid profiles. Resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol has increased markedly in isolates of H. influenzae in Hong Kong over the last 5 years. This resistance may be associated with transposable genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ling
- Department of Microbiology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories
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Williams P, Brown MR. Influence of iron restriction on growth and the expression of outer membrane proteins byHaemophilus influenzaeandH. parainfluenzae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1986. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Watson KC, Kerr EJ, Hinks CA. Distribution of biotypes of Haemophilus influenzae and H parainfluenzae in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Clin Pathol 1985; 38:750-3. [PMID: 3874885 PMCID: PMC499298 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.38.7.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and eighty eight isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and 187 isolates of H parainfluenzae from patients with cystic fibrosis, patients with respiratory infections but without cystic fibrosis, and patients with neither cystic fibrosis nor respiratory infections were biotyped. Biotype I of H influenzae were found significantly more often in patients with cystic fibrosis compared with those with normal respiratory tracts. On the other hand, biotype II strains of H influenzae were found less often in the cystic fibrosis group. Half of the biotype V strains produced beta-lactamase.
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Herrington DA, Sparling PF. Haemophilus influenzae can use human transferrin as a sole source for required iron. Infect Immun 1985; 48:248-51. [PMID: 3872264 PMCID: PMC261943 DOI: 10.1128/iai.48.1.248-251.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae grown on enriched medium containing protoporphyrin IX rather than hemin was iron starved by the addition of the chelator ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. Iron starvation could be overcome in each of 33 H. influenzae type b isolates by 30% Fe-saturated human transferrin but not by human lactoferrin. Among nontypeable H. influenzae, 28 of 35 isolates, including 2 of 3 systemic isolates, were able to utilize Fe-transferrin. None of 18 H. parainfluenzae isolates was able to use Fe-transferrin. Iron starvation of H. influenzae type b resulted in increased amounts of three membrane proteins of 94,000 to 98,000 daltons.
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Doern GV, Chapin KC. Laboratory identification of Haemophilus influenzae: effects of basal media on the results of the satellitism test and evaluation of the RapID NH system. J Clin Microbiol 1984; 20:599-601. [PMID: 6333435 PMCID: PMC271385 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.20.3.599-601.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of four different basal media, tryptic soy agar, brain heart infusion agar, nutrient agar, and Mueller-Hinton agar, were investigated with respect to the identification of Haemophilus influenzae with a satellitism test in which X and V growth factors were supplied by factor-impregnated filter paper strips. A total of 187 recent clinical isolates of H. influenzae were examined. Of these, 179 strains (95.7%) were correctly identified with tryptic soy agar, 173 (92.5%) with brain heart infusion agar, 105 (56.1%) with nutrient agar, and 133 (71.1%) with Mueller-Hinton agar. Failure to obtain a correct identification was usually the result of satelliting growth around V factor-containing strips, possibly due to the presence of trace amounts of hemin in the basal media, or was because of an absence of growth due to nutritional deficiencies in the basal media. All 187 H. influenzae strains were also examined with a new biochemical and chromogenic substrate micromethod, the RapID NH system (Innovative Diagnostics Systems, Inc., Decatur, Ga.). A total of 168 (89.8%) strains were correctly identified with this system.
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Sebunya TN, Saunders JR, Osborne AD. Characteristics of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae Isolates and Some Epidemiological Findings on Porcine Haemophilus Pleuropneumonia in Saskatchewan. THE CANADIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL = LA REVUE VETERINAIRE CANADIENNE 1982; 23:224-8. [PMID: 17422165 PMCID: PMC1790064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Thirty isolates of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae from clinical and slautherhouse cases of porcine Haemophilus pleuropneumonia in Saskatchewan as well as six isolates from British Columbia and Ontario were subjected to cultural, biochemical, serological and antibiotic sensitivity tests. All strains were Gram-negative pleomorphic rods or coccobacilli which grew only in the presence of V factor and all produced porphyrin from delta-aminolaevulinic acid. Biochemically, the organism was positive for urease, O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranosidase and the fermentation of sucrose, mannitol, dextrose, lactose and xylose, but was usually negative for indole. Most strains of H. pleuropneumoniae were sensitive to chloramphenicol, furamazone, carbenicillin and ampicillin, but only about 50% were sensitive to tetracycline. Serotype 5 was more common than serotype 1 or the untyped strains among Saskatchewan isolates. In addition, serotype 3 was identified from British Columbia.Retrospective epidemiological studies showed that Haemophilus pleuropneumonia occurred and recurred on farms in the Saskatoon and adjoining districts, serviced by the diagnostic laboratories of the Western College of Veterinary Medicine and that the disease was more common among three month old pigs during the fall-winter season.
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Zinnemann K. Newer Knowledge in Classification, Taxonomy and Pathogenicity of Species in the Genus Haemophilus A Critical Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0172-5599(80)80010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kilian M, Sørensen I, Frederiksen W. Biochemical characteristics of 130 recent isolates from Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. J Clin Microbiol 1979; 9:409-12. [PMID: 313403 PMCID: PMC273039 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.9.3.409-412.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 130 Haemophilus strains, comprising virtually all isolates from Danish and Norwegian cases of Haemophilus meningitis occurring in the period from October 1975 through September 1976, were examined by biochemical and serological means. All isolates were identified as H. influenzae and, except for one noncapsulated strain, possessed a capsule of serotype b. The vast majority of strains (93%) belonged to biotype I, which, in contrast to biotypes II and III, is rarely encountered as a commensal of the upper respiratory tract. This finding is a strong incentive for studies of possible additional virulence factors associated with biotype I organisms. The results are discussed in the light of North American reports, which have suggested changes in the etiology of Haemophilus meningitis.
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Sutka VP, Durkó I. Porphyrinproduktion bei Candida-guilliermondii-Stämmen. Reprod Domest Anim 1978. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1978.tb00196.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kilian M. A rapid method for the differentiation of Haemophilus strains. The porphyrin test;. ACTA PATHOLOGICA ET MICROBIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. SECTION B: MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 1974; 82:835-42. [PMID: 4533223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Dorff B, Kilian M. Haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1974; 6:291-4. [PMID: 4608815 DOI: 10.3109/inf.1974.6.issue-3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Schiefer B, Moffatt RE, Greenfield J, Agar JL, Majka JA. Porcine Hemophilus parahemolyticus pneumonia in Saskatchewan. I. Natural occurrence and findings. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE MEDICINE : REVUE CANADIENNE DE MEDECINE COMPAREE 1974; 38:99-104. [PMID: 4274828 PMCID: PMC1319981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of fibrinous pleuropneumonia was observed in October 1971 in Saskatchewan on a farm of 900 feeder pigs. Morbidity and mortality were low. Pathologic-anatomic findings included fibrinous pleuritis, pulmonary vascular thrombosis and necrotizing fibrinous pneumonia. Hemophilus parahemolyticus was isolated from the lungs of affected animals. In addition pulmonary lesions were found which suggested an adenovirus infection. It was speculated that the viral infection possibly predisposed the pigs to the Hemophilus infection. The H. parahemolyticus isolate was sensitive to common antibiotics.
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