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Kruschewsky WLL, Massaroni-Peçanha P, Maifrede SB, Leite MS, Pôssa TAL, Alberto-Lei F, Cayô R, Peçanha PM, Gonçalves SS. Trichosporon asahii causing subcutaneous mycoses in an immunocompetent patient: case report and a minireview. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1221-1229. [PMID: 35378689 PMCID: PMC9433615 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichosporon spp. are a constituent of the normal flora of humans that can cause both superficial and invasive infections, mainly in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts, respectively. Herein, we a report of Trichosporon asahii causing subcutaneous fungal infection (SFI) in an immunocompetent patient after carpal tunnel surgery. Although susceptible to fluconazole, the treatment of SFI failed even using high doses of this azole. The skin lesion improved following the administration of voriconazole. We conducted a literature minireview searching reports on SFI in immunocompetent patients to check for epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and outcome characteristics. A total of 32 cases were reported. Despite being uncommon, the clinical suspicion and early diagnosis of SFI in immunocompetent patients undergoing previous surgery are important. Our study indicated that the azoles are the most active antifungal agents against Trichosporon spp., except for fluconazole, and voriconazole can be considered the first therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wdson Luis Lima Kruschewsky
- Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes (HUCAM), Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Bravim Maifrede
- Center for Research in Medical Mycology, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Vitoria, ES, 29040-090, Brazil
| | | | | | - Felipe Alberto-Lei
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cayô
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia E Microbiologia (LIB), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Setor de Biologia Molecular, Microbiologia E Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas (ICAQF), SP, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Paulo Mendes Peçanha
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes (HUCAM), Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Sarah Santos Gonçalves
- Center for Research in Medical Mycology, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Vitoria, ES, 29040-090, Brazil.
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Santos FA, Leite-Andrade MC, Vasconcelos MA, Alves AI, Buonafina-Paz MD, Araújo-Neto LN, Macêdo DP, Neves RP. Trichosporon inkin fungemia case report: clinical and laboratory management. Future Microbiol 2021; 17:81-87. [PMID: 34913372 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichosporon species are emerging as opportunistic pathogens that mainly affect immunocompromised patients. Patients with onco-hematological diseases usually present with fungemia by Trichosporon species, especially by T. asahii. Reports of this infection by other species of the genus are uncommon. Thus, in this paper, we present a case of T. inkin fungemia in a 39-year-old female patient with intestinal obstruction and absence of malignant hematological diseases. The late mycological diagnosis, the ineffective control of her pre-existing conditions and consequent failure to start antifungal therapy were the contributing factors for the patient's death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Ag Santos
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adryelle Is Alves
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rejane P Neves
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
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Ruiz E, Moreno P, Poveda DS, Fernández AM, González FJ, Algar FJ, Cerezo F, Baamonde C, Salvatierra Á, Álvarez A. Case Report on Sternal Osteomyelitis by Trichosporon inkin Complicating Lung Transplantation: Effective Treatment With Vacuum-Assisted Closure and Surgical Reconstruction. Transplant Proc 2021; 54:54-56. [PMID: 34876268 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sternal osteomyelitis is a serious complication that significantly increases morbidity and mortality after thoracic surgery. We describe a case of sternal osteomyelitis by Trichosporon inkin following lung transplantation and the excellent results achieved with vacuum-assisted closure therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Ruiz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paula Moreno
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Sebastián Poveda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alba María Fernández
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier González
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Algar
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Cerezo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Baamonde
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángel Salvatierra
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Álvarez
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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Papachristou SG, Iosifidis E, Sipsas NV, Gamaletsou MN, Walsh TJ, Roilides E. Management of osteoarticular fungal infections in the setting of immunodeficiency. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 18:461-474. [PMID: 32213145 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1748499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Osteoarticular fungal infections (OAFIs) complicate the clinical course of high-risk patients, including immunosuppressed individuals. Their management, however, despite being intricate, is governed by evidence arising from sub-optimal quality research, such as case series. Guidelines are scarce and when present result in recommendations based on low quality evidence. Furthermore, the differences between the management of immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients are not distinct. This is a narrative review after a literature search in PubMed, up to November 2019.Areas covered: The major fungal groups causing osteomyelitis and/or arthritis are Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi, non-Candida yeasts and endemic dimorphic fungi. Their epidemiology is briefly analyzed with emphasis on immunodeficiency and other risk factors. Management of OAFIs includes appropriate antifungal drug therapy (liposomal amphotericin B, triazoles or echinocandins), local surgery and immunotherapy for primary immunodeficiencies. Cessation of immunosuppressive drugs is also mandated.Expert opinion: Management of OAFIs includes affordable and available options and approaches. However, research on therapeutic practices is urgently required to be further improved, due to the rarity of affected patients. Evolution is expected to translate into novel antifungal drugs, less invasive and precise surgical approaches and targeted enhancement of immunoregulatory pathways in defense of challenging fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savvas G Papachristou
- Infectious Diseases Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences and Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elias Iosifidis
- Infectious Diseases Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences and Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos V Sipsas
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria N Gamaletsou
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuel Roilides
- Infectious Diseases Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences and Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Hajjar J, Restrepo A, Javeri H, Wiederhold NP, Papanastassiou AM, Patterson TF. Multiple Brain Abscesses Caused by Trichosporon inkin in a Patient with X-Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) Successfully Treated with Antifungal Therapy. J Clin Immunol 2017; 37:519-523. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-017-0419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abdel-Sater MA, Moubasher AAH, Soliman Z. Identification of three yeast species using the conventional and internal transcribed spacer region sequencing methods as first or second global record from human superficial infections. Mycoses 2016; 59:652-61. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed Abdel-Sater
- Department of Botany and Microbiology; Faculty of Science and Assiut University Mycological Centre; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Abdel-Aal Hassan Moubasher
- Department of Botany and Microbiology; Faculty of Science and Assiut University Mycological Centre; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Zeinab Soliman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology; Faculty of Science and Assiut University Mycological Centre; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
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Gamaletsou MN, Walsh TJ, Sipsas NV. Epidemiology of Fungal Osteomyelitis. CURRENT FUNGAL INFECTION REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12281-014-0200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Extensive White Piedra of the Scalp Caused by Trichosporon inkin: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Mycopathologia 2011; 172:481-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-011-9454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Trichosporon surgical wound infection in a renal allograft recipient successfully treated with voriconazole. Transplantation 2010; 90:588-9. [PMID: 20814301 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181ea396a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans, a novel respiratory pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:3091-7. [PMID: 19656976 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00460-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes the molecular epidemiology, in vitro susceptibility, colonial and microscopic morphologies, and biochemical features of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans, a newly recognized pathogen that appears to have a propensity for patients with cystic fibrosis. The index patient died with histologically documented Trichosporon pneumonia complicating cystic fibrosis. This is also the first report of disease caused by a Trichosporon species in a nontransplant patient with cystic fibrosis. As T. mycotoxinivorans has not previously been recognized as a respiratory pathogen, the significance of its recovery from sputum samples was not initially appreciated. Genetic analysis of archived clinical samples found three additional cases of T. mycotoxinivorans infection which had previously been identified as other members of the genus. An additional isolate of T. mycotoxinivorans was identified from a clinical sample on initial testing. Three of these four cases were also patients with cystic fibrosis. All isolates had MICs at 48 h of amphotericin B of > or = 1 microg/ml and of echinocandins of > or = 16 microg/ml, but they displayed various susceptibilities to the triazoles. In summary, Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans is a newly recognized human pathogen that is associated with cystic fibrosis.
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Molecular identification and susceptibility of Trichosporon species isolated from clinical specimens in Qatar: isolation of Trichosporon dohaense Taj-Aldeen, Meis & Boekhout sp. nov. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:1791-9. [PMID: 19321719 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02222-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichosporon species have been reported as emerging pathogens and usually occur in severely immunocompromised patients. In the present work, 27 clinical isolates of Trichosporon species were recovered from 27 patients. The patients were not immunocompromised, except for one with acute myeloid leukemia. Sequence analysis revealed the isolation of Trichosporon dohaense Taj-Aldeen, Meis & Boekhout sp. nov., with CBS 10761(T) as the holotype strain, belonging to the Ovoides clade. In the D1-D2 large-subunit rRNA gene analysis, T. dohaense is a sister species to T. coremiiforme, and in the internal transcribed spacer analysis, the species is basal to the other species of this clade. Molecular identification of the strains yielded 17 T. asahii, 3 T. inkin, 2 T. japonicum, 2 T. faecale, and 3 T. dohaense isolates. The former four species exhibited low MICs for five antifungal azoles but showed high MICs for amphotericin B. T. dohaense demonstrated the lowest amphotericin B MIC (1 mg/liter). For the majority of T. asahii isolates, amphotericin B MICs were high (MIC at which 90% of isolates were inhibited [MIC(90)], > or = 16 mg/liter), and except for fluconazole (MIC(90), 8 mg/liter), the azole MICs were low: MIC(90)s were 0.5 mg/liter for itraconazole, 0.25 mg/liter for voriconazole, 0.25 mg/liter for posaconazole, and 0.125 mg/liter for isavuconazole. The echinocandins, caspofungin and anidulafungin, demonstrated no activity against Trichosporon species.
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Leaw SN, Chang HC, Barton R, Bouchara JP, Chang TC. Identification of medically important Candida and non-Candida yeast species by an oligonucleotide array. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:2220-9. [PMID: 17507521 PMCID: PMC1933000 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00543-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of yeast infections has increased in the recent decades, with Candida albicans still being the most common cause of infections. However, infections caused by less common yeasts have been widely reported in recent years. Based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1) and ITS 2 sequences of the rRNA genes, an oligonucleotide array was developed to identify 77 species of clinically relevant yeasts belonging to 16 genera. The ITS regions were amplified by PCR with a pair of fungus-specific primers, followed by hybridization of the digoxigenin-labeled PCR product to a panel of oligonucleotide probes immobilized on a nylon membrane for species identification. A collection of 452 yeast strains (419 target and 33 nontarget strains) was tested, and a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97% were obtained by the array. The detection limit of the array was 10 pg of yeast genomic DNA per assay. In conclusion, yeast identification by the present method is highly reliable and can be used as an alternative to the conventional identification methods. The whole procedure can be finished within 24 h, starting from isolated colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiang Ning Leaw
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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