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Jordan V, Akram A, Pickles R, Arnold A, Naqvi S. Fannyhessea vaginae causing bacteraemia and vertebral osteomyelitis: first report of invasive disease in a male. Access Microbiol 2024; 6:000785.v3. [PMID: 38737801 PMCID: PMC11083377 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000785.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction.Fannyhessea vaginae (formerly Atopobium vaginae) is an anaerobic organism commonly associated with female genital flora, with rare cases of invasive disease reported in females. Case report. We discuss the case of an 81-year-old male who presented with an acute history of back pain and signs of urinary tract infection in the context of intermittent self-urinary catheterisation. Multiple blood cultures grew Fannyhessea vaginae with a later finding of lumbar vertebral osteomyelitis as the cause of back pain. Treatment was commenced with ampicillin, later switched to ceftriaxone, with improvement of acute signs of infection. Conclusion. Gram-positive anaerobic organisms including Fannyhessea vaginae are possibly under-recognised causes of urinary tract particularly in older males. These bacteria may prove challenging to grow in standard protocols for urine culture; anaerobic or extended incubation could be considered particularly in complicated cases of urinary tract infection without an identifiable pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Jordan
- Department of Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ayesha Akram
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Pickles
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Alyssa Arnold
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of General Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Syeda Naqvi
- Department of Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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2
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Liu P, Wang L, Li R, Chen X. A rare bacteremia caused by Fannyhessea vaginae in a pregnant woman: case report and literature review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1278921. [PMID: 38145045 PMCID: PMC10749198 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1278921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infection caused by anaerobic microorganisms continues to be associated with a high mortality risk, necessitating a rapid diagnosis and an appropriate treatment. As an anaerobic gram-positive organism associated with vaginal infections, Fannyhessea vaginae is a rare cause of invasive infections. In this case, a 32-year-old pregnant woman with bacterial vaginosis presented with bacteremia. The microbiological analysis of the blood cultures identified F. vaginae. The patient was treated empirically with 5 days of cefoperazone/sulbactam and recovered well. Here, we provide a review of the literature on F. vaginae infections, and the reported cases demonstrate the need for awareness of the different anaerobic species found in the vaginal tract and adaptation of empirical therapies, especially in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaodi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Kumaran D, Laflamme C, Ramirez-Arcos S. A multiphasic approach to solve misidentification of Cutibacterium acnes as Atopobium vaginae during routine bacterial screening of platelet concentrates using the VITEK 2 system. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:acmi000539.v3. [PMID: 37424557 PMCID: PMC10323807 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000539.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin flora bacteria, such as Cutibacterium acnes , are the predominant contaminants of blood products used for transfusion. Platelet concentrates (PCs), a therapeutic product used to treat patients with platelet deficiencies, are stored at ambient temperature under agitation, providing ideal conditions for bacterial proliferation. At Canadian Blood Services, PCs are screened for microbial contamination using the automated BACT/ALERT culture system. Positive cultures are processed and contaminating organisms are identified using the VITEK 2 system. Over a period of approximately 2 years, several PC isolates were identified as Atopobium vaginae to a high level of confidence. However, since A. vaginae is associated with bacterial vaginosis and is not a common PC contaminant, a retrospective investigation revealed that in all cases C. acnes was misidentified as A. vaginae . Our investigation demonstrated that the media type used to grow PC bacterial isolates can have a significant impact on the results obtained on the VITEK 2 system. Furthermore, other identification methods such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALD-TOF MS) and PCR amplification of the 16S RNA gene were only partially successful in the identification of C. acnes . Therefore, our findings support a multiphasic approach when PC isolates are identified as A. vaginae by the VITEK 2 system for proper identification of C. acnes using macroscopic, microscopic and other biochemical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilini Kumaran
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sandra Ramirez-Arcos
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Tan CCS, Ko KKK, Chen H, Liu J, Loh M, Chia M, Nagarajan N. No evidence for a common blood microbiome based on a population study of 9,770 healthy humans. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:973-985. [PMID: 36997797 PMCID: PMC10159858 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Human blood is conventionally considered sterile but recent studies suggest the presence of a blood microbiome in healthy individuals. Here we characterized the DNA signatures of microbes in the blood of 9,770 healthy individuals using sequencing data from multiple cohorts. After filtering for contaminants, we identified 117 microbial species in blood, some of which had DNA signatures of microbial replication. They were primarily commensals associated with the gut (n = 40), mouth (n = 32) and genitourinary tract (n = 18), and were distinct from pathogens detected in hospital blood cultures. No species were detected in 84% of individuals, while the remainder only had a median of one species. Less than 5% of individuals shared the same species, no co-occurrence patterns between different species were observed and no associations between host phenotypes and microbes were found. Overall, these results do not support the hypothesis of a consistent core microbiome endogenous to human blood. Rather, our findings support the transient and sporadic translocation of commensal microbes from other body sites into the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric C S Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Karrie K K Ko
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Chen
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Marie Loh
- Population and Global Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
- National Skin Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Minghao Chia
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Niranjan Nagarajan
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
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Cobo F, Pérez-Carrasco V, García-Salcedo JA, Navarro-Marí JM. An uncommon case of bacteremia caused by Lancefieldella parvula in an oncological patient. Anaerobe 2022; 78:102661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Singh NK, Sahu S, Priyadarshini SR, Behera HS. First reported case of corneal infection caused by Atopobium vaginae. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e248988. [PMID: 35760507 PMCID: PMC9237891 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-248988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A man in his 20s, with irritation, pain and photophobia in the left eye, was clinically diagnosed with herpes simplex virus nummular keratitis at our institute and advised topical antivirals and corticosteroids, causing resolution of active infiltrates. The infection recurred after 7 months and the patient did not respond to the previous regimen, so corneal scraping was sent for microbiological evaluation. Gram-positive bacilli grew on culture, which were identified as Atopobium vaginae using VITEK 2 Compact system (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). Gatifloxacin eye drops were added based on antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Infiltrates resolved completely, leaving behind residual scars without any recurrences. This is the first reported case of corneal infection caused by A. vaginae, a bacterium known to reside in the urogenital tract. It caused secondary corneal infection in a case of recurrent herpes simplex keratitis. Species identification systems like VITEK 2 Compact can help identify such rare bacteria with great accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimish Kumar Singh
- Cornea and Anterior Segment, LV Prasad Eye Institute Bhubaneswar Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Srikant Sahu
- Cornea and Anterior Segment, LV Prasad Eye Institute Bhubaneswar Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
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First report of a prosthetic joint infection with Fannyhessea (Atopobium) vaginae. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 41:1023-1027. [PMID: 35610391 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This case describes a 77-year-old woman with dysregulated type II diabetes, presenting with a prosthetic joint infection and bacteremia. Computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis and sacrum revealed manifest periprosthetic collections, suggestive of a septic arthritis with loosening of the hip prosthesis. Synovial fluid grew Fannyhessea vaginae, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a prosthetic joint infection due to this organism.
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Lu F, Wei J, Zhong Y, Feng Y, Ma B, Xiong Y, Wei K, Tan B, Chen T. Antibiotic Therapy and Vaginal Microbiota Transplantation Reduce Endometriosis Disease Progression in Female Mice via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:831115. [PMID: 35433736 PMCID: PMC9005645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.831115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is a disease characterized by estrogen-dependent, chronic inflammatory, and annoying symptoms, which inflicts about 10% reproductive-age women. The diagnosis of endometriosis mainly depends on pathological examination after surgical resection while the pathogenesis of EMS is not clear enough. Surgical resection and drug therapy (including painkillers and hormone therapy, especially gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, GnRH-a) are widely used, but they are expensive and have many side effects. There are few studies on vaginal microorganisms in women with endometriosis. We collected vaginal secretions from women with EMS confirmed by pathology and demonstrated that they were different from that of healthy women by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Additionally, we established the EMS model in female mice by intraperitoneally injecting fragments from donor mice (3-week growth). Then, the mice were treated with mixed antibiotics (vagina) and NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitors (intraperitoneal injection), respectively. The result suggested that the ectopic lesions were inhibited. In addition, inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in peritoneal fluid, cell proliferation marker ki-67, and macrophage marker Iba-1 in ectopic lesions decreased significantly from that of mock mice. We also observed similar results as above by vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT) and subcutaneous injection of leuprorelin acetate (LA, one of GnRH-a) for mice with EMS. These results showed that vaginal use of antibiotics or VMT is helpful to treat endometriosis in mice. However, due to the great difference between human and mouse vaginal microbiota, its mechanism and clinical transformation application still need to be further studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilei Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanying Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yifei Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kehong Wei
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Buzhen Tan,
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Tingtao Chen,
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Łaniewski P, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Bacterial vaginosis and health-associated bacteria modulate the immunometabolic landscape in 3D model of human cervix. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:88. [PMID: 34903740 PMCID: PMC8669023 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an enigmatic polymicrobial condition characterized by a depletion of health-associated Lactobacillus and an overgrowth of anaerobes. Importantly, BV is linked to adverse gynecologic and obstetric outcomes: an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections, preterm birth, and cancer. We hypothesized that members of the cervicovaginal microbiota distinctly contribute to immunometabolic changes in the human cervix, leading to these sequelae. Our 3D epithelial cell model that recapitulates the human cervical epithelium was infected with clinical isolates of cervicovaginal bacteria, alone or as a polymicrobial community. We used Lactobacillus crispatus as a representative health-associated commensal and four common BV-associated species: Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Atopobium vaginae, and Sneathia amnii. The immunometabolic profiles of these microenvironments were analyzed using multiplex immunoassays and untargeted global metabolomics. A. vaginae and S. amnii exhibited the highest proinflammatory potential through induction of cytokines, iNOS, and oxidative stress-associated compounds. G. vaginalis, P. bivia, and S. amnii distinctly altered physicochemical barrier-related proteins and metabolites (mucins, sialic acid, polyamines), whereas L. crispatus produced an antimicrobial compound, phenyllactic acid. Alterations to the immunometabolic landscape correlate with symptoms and hallmarks of BV and connected BV with adverse women’s health outcomes. Overall, this study demonstrated that 3D cervical epithelial cell colonized with cervicovaginal microbiota faithfully reproduce the immunometabolic microenvironment previously observed in clinical studies and can successfully be used as a robust tool to evaluate host responses to commensal and pathogenic bacteria in the female reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Łaniewski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Melissa M Herbst-Kralovetz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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Wang J, Liang J, Sun L, Gao S. PVA/CS and PVA/CS/Fe gel beads' synthesis mechanism and their performance in cultivating anaerobic granular sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 219:130-139. [PMID: 30537586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomass washout from high-speed anaerobic suspended bed bio-reactors is still a challenge to their stable operation. Preserving active biomass to efficiently retain biomass in the reactor is one of the solutions to this problem. Herein, two carriers (polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CS) and PVA/CS/Fe gel beads) were prepared using the cross-linking method. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) analyses showed that PVA/CS gel beads formed mainly through hydrogen-bonds (NH2OH-). Furthermore, FTIR, 13C NMR, energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed that PVA/CS/Fe gel beads formed mainly through chelate bond (NH2-FeM+OH-). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) results affirmed that the gel beads had rough and well-developed porous structure for the attachment of microbes. Furthermore, the abilities of gel beads on the cultivation of granular sludge in an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor were effectively demonstrated while treating wastewater polluted with glucose and alkali lignin. The results showed that the gel beads-assisted reactors had a higher performance than those without the gel beads. The cultivation of granules in these reactors was accelerated, while the granules became bigger and exhibited better settling velocities. The reactor with gel beads was easier to withstand a higher organic loading rate due to dense microbial aggregates, which were caused by more humic-like substance. Particularly, the reactor with PVA/CS/Fe gel beads was able to improve the overall robustness of the system due to stronger mechanical properties of gel beads, and also prevented cells detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jidong Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Sha Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Identification of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in Women With Bacterial Vaginosis in Northern Iran. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Ata B, Yildiz S, Turkgeldi E, Brocal VP, Dinleyici EC, Moya A, Urman B. The Endobiota Study: Comparison of Vaginal, Cervical and Gut Microbiota Between Women with Stage 3/4 Endometriosis and Healthy Controls. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2204. [PMID: 30778155 PMCID: PMC6379373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39700-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis in the genital tract or gut microbiome can be associated with endometriosis. We sampled vaginal, cervical and gut microbiota from 14 women with histology proven stage 3/4 endometriosis and 14 healthy controls. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified following the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation. Despite overall similar vaginal, cervical and intestinal microbiota composition between stage 3/4 endometriosis group and controls, we observed differences at genus level. The complete absence of Atopobium in the vaginal and cervical microbiota of the stage 3/4 endometriosis group was noteworthy. In the cervical microbiota, Gardnerella, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Shigella, and Ureoplasma, all of which contain potentially pathogenic species, were increased in stage 3/4 endometriosis. More women in the stage 3/4 endometriosis group had Shigella/Escherichia dominant stool microbiome. Further studies can clarify whether the association is causal, and whether dysbiosis leads to endometriosis or endometriosis leads to dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Ata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sule Yildiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Turkgeldi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vicente Pérez Brocal
- Área de Genómica y Salud, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO-Salud Pública), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ener Cagri Dinleyici
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Andrés Moya
- Área de Genómica y Salud, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO-Salud Pública), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bulent Urman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Polymicrobial anaerobic bacteremia due to Atopobium rimae and Parvimonas micra in a patient with cancer. Anaerobe 2018; 54:260-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dauby N, Martiny D, Busson L, Cogan A, Meghraoui A, Argudín MA, Nonhoff C, Hallin M, Konopnicki D. Atopobium vaginae intrapartum bacteremia: A case report with a literature review. Anaerobe 2018; 59:212-214. [PMID: 30291902 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Atopobium vaginae is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium recognized as a causative agent of bacterial vaginosis and associated with preterm delivery. Invasive infection and bacteremia have been rarely reported. We describe the case of a woman expecting her firstborn child who presented with a A. vaginae bacteremia during labor. Identification was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Both maternal and fetal outcomes were favorable due to the maternal treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. We identified three other cases in the literature with different fetal outcome. The genetic diversity of A. vaginae should be further explored in order to reveal potential strains with differential pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dauby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Delphine Martiny
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurent Busson
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Cogan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alaeddine Meghraoui
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Angeles Argudín
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claire Nonhoff
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Hallin
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Déborah Konopnicki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Badri M, Nilson B, Ragnarsson S, Senneby E, Rasmussen M. Clinical and microbiological features of bacteraemia with Gram-positive anaerobic cocci: a population-based retrospective study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:760.e1-760.e6. [PMID: 30217761 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gram-positive, anaerobic cocci (GPAC) can cause infections in humans. Only a few cases of bacteraemia with GPAC have been reported. We describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of GPAC bacteraemia. METHODS A retrospective population-based study of GPAC bacteraemia 2012-2016 in southern Sweden was performed. GPAC were identified using matrix-associated laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry or 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Etests were used to determine antibiotic susceptibilities. Data on patient and infection characteristics, treatment, and outcome were collected from the medical records. RESULTS A total of 226 episodes of GPAC bacteraemia in adults were studied; this corresponds to an annual incidence of 3.4 cases per 100,000 persons per year. The bacteria identified were Anaerococcus spp. (n = 43), Atopobium spp. (n = 7), Blautia spp. (n = 1), Finegoldia spp. (n = 15), Parvimonas spp. (n = 100), Peptoniphilus spp. (n = 52), Peptostreptococcus spp. (n = 2), and Ruminococcus spp. (n = 9) of which 200 isolates were identified to the species level. Resistance to imipenem and piperacillin was not identified, whereas resistance among the 229 isolates to penicillin was detected in four, to metronidazole in six, and clindamycin in 16 isolates. The median age of patients was 73 years (55-83, IQR), 57% were male and comorbidities were common. Fifty-one per cent of infections were polymicrobial. In 60% of cases a focus of infection was identified. Forty per cent of patients had either organ dysfunction or shock. The 30-day mortality was 11%, and nosocomial infections were over-represented among the deceased. CONCLUSIONS GPAC bacteraemia is much more common than previously reported. GPAC-bacteraemia is a condition with significant mortality mainly affecting elderly persons with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Badri
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - B Nilson
- Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund, Sweden
| | - S Ragnarsson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lund, Sweden
| | - E Senneby
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund, Sweden; Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Rasmussen
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund, Sweden.
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Mansell J, Gourtsoyannis Y, Draz N, Buchanan R. Infective endocarditis due to Atopobium vaginae: a rare association between genital infection and endocarditis of the tricuspid valve. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2018-225871. [PMID: 30173134 PMCID: PMC6120612 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopobium vaginae is an anaerobic gram-positive organism associated with genitourinary infections. Bacteraemia is rare, with only two cases reported in the literature. This case describes an 18-year-old type 1 diabetic, presenting with sepsis and haemoptysis, on a background of poor dental hygiene and recurrent hospital admissions. Blood cultures grew A. vaginae and echocardiogram revealed a large tricuspid valve lesion. Despite medical therapy, symptoms of pulmonary emboli continued and she therefore underwent surgical resection of the lesion. Histopathological findings were of a vegetation; culture of the lesion was negative but 16S ribosomal PCR was positive, detecting 16S rRNA of A. vaginae The patient was treated with 4 weeks of vancomycin and made a good recovery. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of infective endocarditis due to this organism. We also provide a review of the literature, including comparing published drug susceptibility data with consensus breakpoints for antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yannis Gourtsoyannis
- Department of Microbiology, North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nehal Draz
- Department of Virology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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17
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Querol-García J, Fernández FJ, Marin AV, Gómez S, Fullà D, Melchor-Tafur C, Franco-Hidalgo V, Albertí S, Juanhuix J, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Regueiro JR, Vega MC. Crystal Structure of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase from the Gram-Positive Bacterial Pathogen A. vaginae, an Immunoevasive Factor that Interacts with the Human C5a Anaphylatoxin. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:541. [PMID: 28443070 PMCID: PMC5385343 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-positive anaerobic human pathogenic bacterium Atopobium vaginae causes most diagnosed cases of bacterial vaginosis as well as opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. In addition to its well-established role in carbohydrate metabolism, D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from Streptococcus pyogenes and S. pneumoniae have been reported to act as extracellular virulence factors during streptococcal infections. Here, we report the crystal structure of GAPDH from A. vaginae (AvGAPDH) at 2.19 Å resolution. The refined model has a crystallographic Rfree of 22.6%. AvGAPDH is a homotetramer wherein each subunit is bound to a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) molecule. The AvGAPDH enzyme fulfills essential glycolytic as well as moonlight (non-glycolytic) functions, both of which might be targets of chemotherapeutic intervention. We report that AvGAPDH interacts in vitro with the human C5a anaphylatoxin and inhibits C5a-specific granulocyte chemotaxis, thereby suggesting the participation of AvGAPDH in complement-targeted immunoevasion in a context of infection. The availability of high-quality structures of AvGAPDH and other homologous virulence factors from Gram-positive pathogens is critical for drug discovery programs. In this study, sequence and structural differences between AvGAPDH and related bacterial and eukaryotic GAPDH enzymes are reported in an effort to understand how to subvert the immunoevasive properties of GAPDH and evaluate the potential of AvGAPDH as a druggable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Querol-García
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Fernández
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of MedicineMadrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Health Research InstituteMadrid, Spain.,Abvance Biotech srlMadrid, Spain
| | - Ana V Marin
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of MedicineMadrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Health Research InstituteMadrid, Spain
| | - Sara Gómez
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Fullà
- ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del VallèsCatalonia, Spain
| | - Cecilia Melchor-Tafur
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Franco-Hidalgo
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - José R Regueiro
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of MedicineMadrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Health Research InstituteMadrid, Spain
| | - M Cristina Vega
- Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine & Biotechnology and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
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Durand G, Bretelle F, Fenollar F. Complications of Pregnancy. Infect Dis (Lond) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-6285-8.00055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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19
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Walther-António MRS, Chen J, Multinu F, Hokenstad A, Distad TJ, Cheek EH, Keeney GL, Creedon DJ, Nelson H, Mariani A, Chia N. Potential contribution of the uterine microbiome in the development of endometrial cancer. Genome Med 2016; 8:122. [PMID: 27884207 PMCID: PMC5123330 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-016-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer studies have led to a number of well-defined but mechanistically unconnected genetic and environmental risk factors. One of the emerging modulators between environmental triggers and genetic expression is the microbiome. We set out to inquire about the composition of the uterine microbiome and its putative role in endometrial cancer. Methods We undertook a study of the microbiome in samples taken from different locations along the female reproductive tract in patients with endometrial cancer (n = 17), patients with endometrial hyperplasia (endometrial cancer precursor, n = 4), and patients afflicted with benign uterine conditions (n = 10). Vaginal, cervical, Fallopian, ovarian, peritoneal, and urine samples were collected aseptically both in the operating room and the pathology laboratory. DNA extraction was followed by amplification and high-throughput next generation sequencing (MiSeq) of the 16S rDNA V3-V5 region to identify the microbiota present. Microbiota data were summarized using both α-diversity to reflect species richness and evenness within bacterial populations and β-diversity to reflect the shared diversity between bacterial populations. Statistical significance was determined through the use of multiple testing, including the generalized mixed-effects model. Results The microbiome sequencing (16S rDNA V3-V5 region) revealed that the microbiomes of all organs (vagina, cervix, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries) are significantly correlated (p < 0.001) and that there is a structural microbiome shift in the cancer and hyperplasia cases, distinguishable from the benign cases (p = 0.01). Several taxa were found to be significantly enriched in samples belonging to the endometrial cancer cohort: Firmicutes (Anaerostipes, ph2, Dialister, Peptoniphilus, 1–68, Ruminococcus, and Anaerotruncus), Spirochaetes (Treponema), Actinobacteria (Atopobium), Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides and Porphyromonas), and Proteobacteria (Arthrospira). Of particular relevance, the simultaneous presence of Atopobium vaginae and an uncultured representative of the Porphyromonas sp. (99 % match to P. somerae) were found to be associated with disease status, especially if combined with a high vaginal pH (>4.5). Conclusions Our results suggest that the detection of A. vaginae and the identified Porphyromonas sp. in the gynecologic tract combined with a high vaginal pH is statistically associated with the presence of endometrial cancer. Given the documented association of the identified microorganisms with other pathologies, these findings raise the possibility of a microbiome role in the manifestation, etiology, or progression of endometrial cancer that should be further investigated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0368-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Francesco Multinu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Alexis Hokenstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Tammy J Distad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - E Heidi Cheek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Gary L Keeney
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Douglas J Creedon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Present Address: North Memorial Medical Center, Robbinsdale, MN, 55442, USA
| | - Heidi Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Andrea Mariani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Nicholas Chia
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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20
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First Report of Human Infection by Agromyces mediolanus, a Gram-Positive Organism Found in Soil. J Clin Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26202108 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01508-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first human infection by a member of the Agromyces genus, a group of Gram-positive bacteria found in soil. A patient with a long-term venous catheter developed bacteremia due to a non-vancomycin-susceptible isolate of Agromyces mediolanus. Rapid identification was possible by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.
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21
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22
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Bretelle F, Rozenberg P, Pascal A, Favre R, Bohec C, Loundou A, Senat MV, Aissi G, Lesavre N, Brunet J, Heckenroth H, Luton D, Raoult D, Fenollar F. High Atopobium vaginae and Gardnerella vaginalis vaginal loads are associated with preterm birth. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 60:860-7. [PMID: 25452591 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for preterm birth. The various conventional methods for its diagnosis are laborious and not easily reproducible. Molecular quantification methods have been reported recently, but the specific risk factors they might identify remain unclear. METHODS A prospective multicenter national study included pregnant women at risk of preterm birth. A quantitative molecular tool using a specific real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and serial dilutions of a plasmid suspension quantified Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis, lactobacilli, Mycoplasma hominis, and the human albumin gene (for quality control). RESULTS In 813 pregnancies, high vaginal loads of either or both of A. vaginae and G. vaginalis were associated with preterm birth (hazard ratio [HR], 3.9; 95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.1-14.1; P = .031). A high vaginal load of A. vaginae was significantly associated with shortened time to delivery and therefore pregnancy length. These times were, respectively, 152.2 and 188.2 days (HR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.5-21.3; P < .001) before 22 weeks, 149.0 and 183.2 days (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1-8.2; P = .048) before 28 weeks, and 132.6 and 170.4 days (HR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.6; P = .033) before 32 weeks. After multivariate analysis, A. vaginae levels ≥10(8) copies/mL remained significantly associated with delivery before 22 weeks of gestation (adjusted HR, 4.7; 95% CI, .2-17.6; P = .014). CONCLUSIONS High vaginal loads of A. vaginae and G. vaginalis are associated with late miscarriage and prematurity in high-risk pregnancies. A high vaginal load of A. vaginae (DNA level ≥10(8) copies/mL) identifies a population at high risk of preterm birth. Further studies that both screen for and then treat A. vaginae are needed. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00484653.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Bretelle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynépole, Marseille, Pr Boubli et D'Ercole, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, AMU, Aix-Marseille Université Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales et Emergentes, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille
| | - Patrick Rozenberg
- Department d'obstétrique et gynécologie, Centre Hospitalier Poissy Saint-Germain en Laye
| | - Alain Pascal
- Service de Gynecologie Obstétrique Hôpital Fondation Saint Joseph Marseille
| | - Romain Favre
- Service de Gynecologie Obstétrique du CMCO-HUS, Schiltigheim/Strasbourg
| | - Caroline Bohec
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, CIC, CHU Brest, Hôpital Morvan, CH de Pau
| | - Anderson Loundou
- Medical Evaluation, Department of Public Health, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, AMU, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Marie-Victoire Senat
- Hôpital Antoine Béclère et Kremlin-Bicêtre, Department de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris Sud, Faculté de Medecine, Orsay
| | - Germain Aissi
- Service de Gynecologie Obstétrique du CMCO-HUS, Schiltigheim/Strasbourg
| | - Nathalie Lesavre
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, Aix-Marseille Université, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille
| | - Julie Brunet
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, Aix-Marseille Université, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille
| | - Hélène Heckenroth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynépole, Marseille, Pr Boubli et D'Ercole, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, AMU, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Dominique Luton
- Hôpitaux Paris Sud, Hôpital Beaujon, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Bichat Beaujon, AP-HP, Université Paris VII Denis Diderot, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales et Emergentes, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille
| | - Florence Fenollar
- Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales et Emergentes, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille
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Samb-Ba B, Mazenot C, Gassama-Sow A, Dubourg G, Richet H, Hugon P, Lagier JC, Raoult D, Fenollar F. MALDI-TOF identification of the human Gut microbiome in people with and without diarrhea in Senegal. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87419. [PMID: 24784934 PMCID: PMC4006720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Africa, there are several problems with the specific identification of bacteria. Recently, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool for the routine microbial identification in many clinical laboratories. Methodology/Principal Findings This study was conducted using feces from 347 individuals (162 with diarrhea and 185 without diarrhea) sampled in health centers in Dakar, Senegal. Feces were transported from Dakar to Marseille, France, where they were cultured using different culture conditions. The isolated colonies were identified using MALDI-TOF. If a colony was unidentified, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. Overall, 2,753 isolates were tested, allowing for the identification of 189 bacteria from 5 phyla, including 2 previously unknown species, 11 species not previously reported in the human gut, 10 species not previously reported in humans, and 3 fungi. 2,718 bacterial isolates (98.8%) out of 2,750 yielded an accurate identification using mass spectrometry, as did the 3 Candida albicans isolates. Thirty-two bacterial isolates not identified by MALDI-TOF (1.2%) were identified by sequencing, allowing for the identification of 2 new species. The number of bacterial species per fecal sample was significantly higher among patients without diarrhea (8.6±3) than in those with diarrhea (7.3±3.4; P = 0.0003). A modification of the gut microbiota was observed between the two groups. In individuals with diarrhea, major commensal bacterial species such as E. coli were significantly decreased (85% versus 64%), as were several Enterococcus spp. (E. faecium and E. casseliflavus) and anaerobes, such as Bacteroides spp. (B. uniformis and B. vulgatus) and Clostridium spp. (C. bifermentans, C. orbiscindens, C. perfringens, and C. symbosium). Conversely, several Bacillus spp. (B. licheniformis, B. mojavensis, and B. pumilus) were significantly more frequent among patients with diarrhea. Conclusions/Significance MALDI-TOF is a potentially powerful tool for routine bacterial identification in Africa, allowing for a quick identification of bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bissoume Samb-Ba
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
- Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Catherine Mazenot
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
| | - Amy Gassama-Sow
- Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Grégory Dubourg
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
| | - Hervé Richet
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
| | - Perrine Hugon
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
| | - Florence Fenollar
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France and Dakar, Senegal
- * E-mail:
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First report of brain abscess caused by a satelliting phenotypic variant of Helcococcus kunzii. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 52:370-3. [PMID: 24172152 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02550-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Helcococcus kunzii was isolated from a brain abscess in a diabetic patient with cholesteatoma and demonstrated satellitism around Staphylococcus aureus in culture. This is the first reported case of severe central nervous system infection due to H. kunzii and the first description of a satelliting phenotypic variant of this organism.
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Sepsis with an Atopobium-like species in a patient with Fournier's gangrene. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 52:364-6. [PMID: 24153131 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02310-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopobium species are Gram-positive, anaerobic, catalase-negative, fastidious bacteria belonging to the family Coriobacteriaceae. We report the isolation of an Atopobium-like species in a patient with Fournier's gangrene and highlight the role of 16S rRNA gene sequencing in the identification of fastidious organisms in the clinical laboratory.
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Romance of the three domains: how cladistics transformed the classification of cellular organisms. Protein Cell 2013; 4:664-76. [PMID: 23873078 PMCID: PMC4875529 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-013-3050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladistics is a biological philosophy that uses genealogical relationship among species and an inferred sequence of divergence as the basis of classification. This review critically surveys the chronological development of biological classification from Aristotle through our postgenomic era with a central focus on cladistics. In 1957, Julian Huxley coined cladogenesis to denote splitting from subspeciation. In 1960, the English translation of Willi Hennig’s 1950 work, Systematic Phylogenetics, was published, which received strong opposition from pheneticists, such as numerical taxonomists Peter Sneath and Robert Sokal, and evolutionary taxonomist, Ernst Mayr, and sparked acrimonious debates in 1960–1980. In 1977–1990, Carl Woese pioneered in using small subunit rRNA gene sequences to delimitate the three domains of cellular life and established major prokaryotic phyla. Cladistics has since dominated taxonomy. Despite being compatible with modern microbiological observations, i.e. organisms with unusual phenotypes, restricted expression of characteristics and occasionally being uncultivable, increasing recognition of pervasiveness and abundance of horizontal gene transfer has challenged relevance and validity of cladistics. The mosaic nature of eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes was also gradually discovered. In the mid-2000s, high-throughput and whole-genome sequencing became routine and complex geneologies of organisms have led to the proposal of a reticulated web of life. While genomics only indirectly leads to understanding of functional adaptations to ecological niches, computational modeling of entire organisms is underway and the gap between genomics and phenetics may soon be bridged. Controversies are not expected to settle as taxonomic classifications shall remain subjective to serve the human scientist, not the classified.
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Identification of rare pathogenic bacteria in a clinical microbiology laboratory: impact of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51:2182-94. [PMID: 23637301 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00492-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past 5 years, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has become a powerful tool for routine identification in many clinical laboratories. We analyzed our 11-year experience in routine identification of clinical isolates (40 months using MALDI-TOF MS and 91 months using conventional phenotypic identification [CPI]). Among the 286,842 clonal isolates, 284,899 isolates of 459 species were identified. The remaining 1,951 isolates were misidentified and required confirmation using a second phenotypic identification for 670 isolates and using a molecular technique for 1,273 isolates of 339 species. MALDI-TOF MS annually identified 112 species, i.e., 36 species/10,000 isolates, compared to 44 species, i.e., 19 species/10,000 isolates, for CPI. Only 50 isolates required second phenotypic identifications during the MALDI-TOF MS period (i.e., 4.5 reidentifications/10,000 isolates) compared with 620 isolates during the CPI period (i.e., 35.2/10,000 isolates). We identified 128 bacterial species rarely reported as human pathogens, including 48 using phenotypic techniques (22 using CPI and 37 using MALDI-TOF MS). Another 75 rare species were identified using molecular methods. MALDI-TOF MS reduced the time required for identification by 55-fold and 169-fold and the cost by 5-fold and 96-fold compared with CPI and gene sequencing, respectively. MALDI-TOF MS was a powerful tool not only for routine bacterial identification but also for identification of rare bacterial species implicated in human infectious diseases. The ability to rapidly identify bacterial species rarely described as pathogens in specific clinical specimens will help us to study the clinical burden resulting from the emergence of these species as human pathogens, and MALDI-TOF MS may be considered an alternative to molecular methods in clinical laboratories.
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