1
|
Pinto TN, Kohn A, da Costa GL, Oliveira LMA, Pinto TCA, Oliveira MME. Candida guilliermondii as an agent of postpartum subacute mastitis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Case report. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:964685. [PMID: 36212821 PMCID: PMC9537450 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.964685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. can cause mild-to-severe human infections. Certain species have been described as the etiologic agent of human mastitis, inflammation of the breast tissue. Mastitis affects millions of lactating women and can be a source of disease transmission to the infant. In this work, we report the detection of the unusual etiologic agent of human mastitis, Candida guilliermondii, isolated from the milk of a puerperal woman with subacute mastitis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS and genetic sequencing. The patient had a full recovery after antifungal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Nobre Pinto
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alana Kohn
- Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Laura M. A. Oliveira
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C. A. Pinto
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoel M. E. Oliveira
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Manoel M. E. Oliveira, ;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
AbstractYeasts, usually defined as unicellular fungi, occur in various fungal lineages. Hence, they are not a taxonomic unit, but rather represent a fungal lifestyle shared by several unrelated lineages. Although the discovery of new yeast species occurs at an increasing speed, at the current rate it will likely take hundreds of years, if ever, before they will all be documented. Many parts of the earth, including many threatened habitats, remain unsampled for yeasts and many others are only superficially studied. Cold habitats, such as glaciers, are home to a specific community of cold-adapted yeasts, and, hence, there is some urgency to study such environments at locations where they might disappear soon due to anthropogenic climate change. The same is true for yeast communities in various natural forests that are impacted by deforestation and forest conversion. Many countries of the so-called Global South have not been sampled for yeasts, despite their economic promise. However, extensive research activity in Asia, especially China, has yielded many taxonomic novelties. Comparative genomics studies have demonstrated the presence of yeast species with a hybrid origin, many of them isolated from clinical or industrial environments. DNA-metabarcoding studies have demonstrated the prevalence, and in some cases dominance, of yeast species in soils and marine waters worldwide, including some surprising distributions, such as the unexpected and likely common presence of Malassezia yeasts in marine habitats.
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva LN, de Mello TP, de Souza Ramos L, Branquinha MH, Dos Santos ALS. New and Promising Chemotherapeutics for Emerging Infections Involving Drug-resistant Non-albicans Candida Species. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2527-2553. [PMID: 31654512 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191025152412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections are a veritable public health problem worldwide. The increasing number of patient populations at risk (e.g. transplanted individuals, cancer patients, and HIV-infected people), as well as the use of antifungal agents for prophylaxis in medicine, have favored the emergence of previously rare or newly identified fungal species. Indeed, novel antifungal resistance patterns have been observed, including environmental sources and the emergence of simultaneous resistance to different antifungal classes, especially in Candida spp., which are known for the multidrug-resistance (MDR) profile. In order to circumvent this alarming scenario, the international researchers' community is engaged in discovering new, potent, and promising compounds to be used in a near future to treat resistant fungal infections in hospital settings on a global scale. In this context, many compounds with antifungal action from both natural and synthetic sources are currently under clinical development, including those that target either ergosterol or β(1,3)-D-glucan, presenting clear evidence of pharmacologic/pharmacokinetic advantages over currently available drugs against these two well-known fungal target structures. Among these are the tetrazoles VT-1129, VT-1161, and VT-1598, the echinocandin CD101, and the glucan synthase inhibitor SCY-078. In this review, we compiled the most recent antifungal compounds that are currently in clinical trials of development and described the potential outcomes against emerging and rare Candida species, with a focus on C. auris, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. haemulonii, and C. rugosa. In addition to possibly overcoming the limitations of currently available antifungals, new investigational chemical agents that can enhance the classic antifungal activity, thereby reversing previously resistant phenotypes, were also highlighted. While novel and increasingly MDR non-albicans Candida species continue to emerge worldwide, novel strategies for rapid identification and treatment are needed to combat these life-threatening opportunistic fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nunes Silva
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaís Pereira de Mello
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lívia de Souza Ramos
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Helena Branquinha
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Luis Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ming C, Huang J, Wang Y, Lv Q, Zhou B, Liu T, Cao Y, Gerrits van den Ende B, Al-Hatmi AMS, Ahmed SA, Huang G, Bai F, de Hoog S, Kang Y. Revision of the medically relevant species of the yeast genus Diutina. Med Mycol 2019; 57:226-233. [PMID: 29635537 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diutina (Candida) rugosa is emerging as a causative agent of human infections. Recently some close relatives have been described, that is, D. mesorugosa, D. pseudorugosa, and D. neorugosa, some of which have also been implicated in human infection. Phylogenetic relationships of 24 clinical isolates of the D. rugosa complex are reconstructed using multilocus sequence analysis of five housekeeping genes, supplemented with phenotypic studies of CandiSelect™ 4 Agar and nutritional physiology. Diutina mesorugosa could not meaningfully be distinguished from D. rugosa and is regarded as a synonym. Diutina neorugosa and D. pseudorugosa represent separate, distantly related species within the genus Diutina, but have as yet not been encountered in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Ming
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education and Department of Microbiology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education and Department of Microbiology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education and Department of Microbiology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education and Department of Microbiology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Taohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education and Department of Microbiology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Sarah A Ahmed
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guanghua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyan Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yingqian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education and Department of Microbiology Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Montoya AM, Luna-Rodríguez CE, Gracia-Robles G, Rojas OC, Treviño-Rangel RDJ, González GM. In vitro virulence determinants, comparative pathogenicity of Diutina (Candida) mesorugosa clinical isolates and literature review of the D. rugosa complex. Mycologia 2019; 111:395-407. [PMID: 30985256 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1585161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Opportunistic mycoses by yeasts have increased considerably in the last three decades. Although Candida albicans is considered one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections, there is a recent shift to non-albicans Candida species as the most frequently isolated yeasts in particular risk groups. Diutina rugosa (formerly Candida rugosa) is a complex that includes four species: D. rugosa sensu stricto, D. neorugosa, D. pseudorugosa, and D. mesorugosa, and they are estimated to represent 0.2% of all Candida clinical isolates. In this study, we analyze nine clinical isolates of D. mesorugosa with focus on the virulence determinants and pathogenicity of the species by means of a Galleria mellonella survival model. Overall, we detected very strong aspartyl-protease and esterase activities. In contrast, both DNase and hemolysin activities were evident in only two of the isolates. None of the isolates was positive for phospholipase activity. All isolates studied were able to form biofilm after 72 h of incubation in a robust manner when compared with the C. albicans strain used as control. Susceptibility testing showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≤1 µg/mL for amphotericin B in all isolates tested. Eight out of nine of the isolates had MICs ≤2 µg/mL for fluconazole. All isolates were resistant to both anidulafungin and caspofungin (MICs ≥1 µg/mL). We found a significant difference (P < 0.0001) amongst the survival curves for the different D. mesorugosa isolates in the Galleria mellonella survival model. Strains HPM309 and H259 produced an acute infection and exhibited the highest virulence, whereas the D. mesorugosa isolates 99-480 and DM17 proved to be the less virulent strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Montoya
- a Departamento de Microbiología , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , México
| | - Carolina E Luna-Rodríguez
- a Departamento de Microbiología , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , México
| | - Gabriela Gracia-Robles
- a Departamento de Microbiología , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , México
| | - Olga C Rojas
- b Departamento de Ciencias Básicas , Vicerrectoría de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey , San Pedro Garza García , México
| | - Rogelio de J Treviño-Rangel
- a Departamento de Microbiología , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , México
| | - Gloria M González
- a Departamento de Microbiología , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , México
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu SY, Guo LN, Xiao M, Kudinha T, Kong F, Wang H, Cheng JW, Zhou ML, Xu H, Xu YC. Trichosporon dohaense, a rare pathogen of human invasive infections, and literature review. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:1537-1547. [PMID: 30288064 PMCID: PMC6160283 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s174301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trichosporon dohaense is a rare fungal species that has not been described in human invasive infections. Patients and methods In this study, we investigated two T. dohaense isolates from patients with invasive infections in two hospitals in China, as part of the China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) program. Both patients were under immunocompromised conditions. Results On chromogenic agar, T. dohaense isolates were dark blue, similar to the color of Candida. tropicalis, but the characteristic moist colony appearance was quite different from that of T. asahii. The two isolates were misidentified as T. asahii and T. inkin by the VITEK 2 YST system. The rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domain sequences of the two T. dohaense isolates were 100% identical to T. dohaense type strain CBS10761T. The sequence of the intergenic spacer region-1 also clearly distinguished the species. Of the three matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry systems, Bruker Biotyper and Autobio MS correctly identified the two isolates to species level, whereas Vitek MS systems misidentified them as T. ovoides or T. asteroides. Echinocandins exhibited no in vitro activities against the two T. dohaense isolates. In addition, the isolates exhibited intermediate susceptibility to fluconazole (with minimal inhibitory concentrations [MICs] of 8 and 16 µg/mL) and itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole (MICs of 0.25-1 µg/mL). T. dohaense demonstrated susceptibility to amphotericin B with MIC of 1 µg/mL. The MICs of fluconazole and voriconazole in our study were higher than the MIC50 of 62 for T. asahii isolates (4 and 0.064 µg/mL) in the CHIF-NET program. Conclusion This case study points to a possible emergence of T. dohaense as an opportunistic human invasive fungal pathogen, and the reduced susceptibility should be noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ying Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| | - Meng Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| | - Timothy Kudinha
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR - Pathology West, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Fanrong Kong
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR - Pathology West, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - He Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| | - Jing-Wei Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| | - Meng-Lan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,
| | - Ying-Chun Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
This article lists proposed new or revised species names and classification changes associated with fungi of medical importance for the years 2012 through 2015. While many of the revised names listed have been widely adopted without further discussion, some may take longer to achieve more general usage.
Collapse
|
8
|
On the reclassification of species assigned to Candida and other anamorphic ascomycetous yeast genera based on phylogenetic circumscription. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 106:67-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0170-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
9
|
Padovan ACB, Melo ASDA, Colombo AL. Systematic review and new insights into the molecular characterization of the Candida rugosa species complex. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 61:33-41. [PMID: 24161727 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Candida rugosa was characterized as a species complex comprising four taxa: C. rugosa sensu stricto, Candida pseudorugosa, Candida neorugosa and Candida mesorugosa. Although considered relatively rare, several clusters of candidemia due to C. rugosa complex had been reported presenting mortality rates close to 70%. In this work we discuss the systematization, phenotyping and molecular methods based on internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequencing and proteomic analyses for species identification, as well as clinical aspects of the C. rugosa complex. We performed a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis using 72 ITS sequences representative of C. rugosa complex isolates and related species within the genus. Biochemical, morphological and MALDI-TOF MS analyses were processed with C. rugosa complex type strains and related species isolates. We described that the phylogeny showed four distinct clades inferred with high posterior probabilities, corresponding to the four species within the C. rugosa complex, excluding C. pararugosa. Biochemical and morphological aspects distinguished only C. rugosa sensu stricto but were not sufficient to accurately identify species within the rest of the complex. Protein spectrum profiles differentiated all reference strains from different species analyzed. To our knowledge, we presented the first phylogenetic analysis using a large collection of ITS sequences as well as proteomic profiles generated from isolates of the C. rugosa complex and related species that can enlighten systematics, diagnostics and clinical research fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Barbosa Padovan
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Disciplina de Infectologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chaves GM, Terçarioli GR, Padovan ACB, Rosas RC, Ferreira RC, Melo ASA, Colombo AL. Candida mesorugosa sp. nov., a novel yeast species similar to Candida rugosa, isolated from a tertiary hospital in Brazil. Med Mycol 2012; 51:231-42. [PMID: 22928924 DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2012.710345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida rugosa is a yeast species that is emerging as a causative agent of invasive infection, particularly in Latin America. Recently, C. pseudorugosa was proposed as a new species closely related to C. rugosa. We evaluated in this investigation the genetic heterogeneity within the C. rugosa species complex. All clinical isolates used in this study were identified phenotypically as C. rugosa but were genotypically different from the C. rugosa type, ATCC 10571. RAPD marker analysis revealed less than 83% similarity between our clinical isolates and the C. rugosa type strain. The D1/D2 region sequences of our clinical isolates showed 98% identity with C. rugosa but only 94-95% identity with C. pseudorugosa. The ITS rDNA sequences of the Brazilian isolates showed 91% identity with the C. rugosa ATCC 10571 ITS sequence. Network and Bayesian analyses of ITS and housekeeping gene sequences separated our clinical isolates into different branches from C. rugosa type strain. These differences are sufficient to reassign our isolates to a distinct species, named C. mesorugosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M Chaves
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Disciplina de Infectologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of the Candida rugosa species complex and proposal of the new species Candida neorugosa. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:2397-403. [PMID: 22553236 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00688-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida rugosa is a poorly known fungal species occasionally involved in human infections. A molecular analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 domains and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal genes of 24 clinical isolates phenotypically identified as C. rugosa demonstrated that only 10 (41.6%) isolates belonged to that species. The other isolates were identified as Candida pararugosa (41.6%) and Candida pseudorugosa (8.3%). The remaining two isolates, from human and equine infections, respectively, were clearly different from the others and represent a new species proposed here as Candida neorugosa. The closest species by D1/D2 sequences was the type strain of C. rugosa, with only 92.3% similarity. C. neorugosa can also be differentiated from all other species of the C. rugosa complex by phenotypic features. The eight antifungal drugs tested showed high in vitro activity against the 24 isolates included in the study.
Collapse
|
12
|
First case report of bloodstream infection due to a Candida species closely related to the novel species Candida pseudorugosa. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:2165-9. [PMID: 22461681 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00167-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida pseudorugosa is a novel species closely related to Candida rugosa for which only one case has been reported. We report the first case of a bloodstream infection in humans caused by a Candida sp. closely related to C. pseudorugosa. We contribute evidence to show this organism as a potential human pathogen that may be misidentified by conventional methods, also pointing out its lower sensitivity to azoles and other antifungal agents.
Collapse
|
13
|
Tay ST, Tan HW, Na SL, Lim SL. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of two closely related subgroups of Candida rugosa in clinical specimens. J Med Microbiol 2011; 60:1591-1597. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.032854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Tee Tay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Wee Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiang Ling Na
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Su Lin Lim
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
A novel flucytosine-resistant yeast species, Candida pseudoaaseri, causes disease in a cancer patient. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:4195-202. [PMID: 21976765 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.05090-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Some members of the genus Candida are among the most common human fungal pathogens and cause serious diseases especially in immunocompromised people. A yeast was isolated from a blood culture from an immunocompromised cancer patient who suffered from acute pneumonia. The growth characteristics of the yeast on CHROMagar Candida were similar to those of Candida tropicalis, whereas the API ID 32C system identified the yeast as Candida silvicola. On the basis of the nucleotide divergence in the D1/D2 domain of the 26S nuclear rRNA (nrRNA) gene, as well as the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) domain of the nrRNA gene region, a new species, Candida pseudoaaseri sp. nov. with type strain VK065094 (CBS 11170(T)), which was found to be closely related to Candida aaseri, is proposed. While C. aaseri strains were susceptible to all tested antifungals, the new species is resistant to flucytosine and may also be distinguished from C. aaseri by its ability to assimilate l-rhamnose, whereas its colony morphology on CHROMagar Candida may be helpful for differentiation.
Collapse
|
15
|
Sequence‐Based Fungal Identification and Classification. Mol Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555816834.ch43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
Rapid differentiation of phenotypically similar yeast species by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of ribosomal DNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:2604-11. [PMID: 18344345 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02223-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was investigated for rapid differentiation of phenotypically similar yeast species. Sensitive tests indicated that some yeast strains with one, most strains with two, and all strains with three or more nucleotide differences in the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) or ITS2 region could be distinguished by PCR SSCP analysis. The discriminative power of SSCP in yeast species differentiation was demonstrated by comparative studies of representative groups of yeast species from ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, including Saccharomyces species, medically important Candida species, and phylloplane basidiomycetous yeast species. Though the species within each group selected are closely related and have relatively similar rDNA sequences, they were clearly differentiated by PCR-SSCP analysis of the ITS1 region, given the amplified fragments were less than 350 bp in sizes. By using SSCP analysis for rapid screening of yeast strains with different rDNA sequences, species diversity existing in a large collection of yeast strains from natural sources was effectively and thoroughly investigated with substantially reduced time and cost in subsequent DNA sequencing.
Collapse
|
18
|
Candida bracarensis detected among isolates of Candida glabrata by peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization: susceptibility data and documentation of presumed infection. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 46:443-6. [PMID: 18077641 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01986-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular taxonomic studies have revealed new Candida species among phenotypically delineated species, the best example being Candida dubliniensis. This study was designed to determine the occurrence of two new molecularly defined species, Candida bracarensis and Candida nivariensis, which are closely related to and identified as Candida glabrata by phenotypic assays. A total of 137 recent clinical isolates of C. glabrata identified by phenotypic characteristics was tested with C. bracarensis and C. nivariensis species-specific peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization probes. Three of 137 (2.2%) isolates were positive with the C. bracarensis probe, whereas the control strain, but none of the clinical isolates, was positive with the C. nivariensis probe. D1/D2 sequencing confirmed the identification of the three isolates as representing C. bracarensis. Clinically, one C. bracarensis isolate was recovered from a presumed infection, a polymicrobial pelvic abscess in a patient with perforated diverticulitis. The other two isolates were recovered from two adult oncology patients who were only colonized. C. bracarensis was white on CHROMagar Candida, had variable API-20C patterns that overlapped with C. nivariensis and some C. glabrata isolates, and had variable results with a rapid trehalose assay. Interestingly, an isolate from one of the colonized oncology patients was resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole in vitro. In summary, C. bracarensis was detected among clinical isolates of C. glabrata, while C. nivariensis was not. One C. bracarensis isolate causing a presumed deep infection was recovered, and another isolate was azole resistant. Whether clinical laboratories should identify C. bracarensis will require more data.
Collapse
|
19
|
Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|