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Cao X, Chang Y, Tao C, Chen S, Lin Q, Ling C, Huang S, Zhang H. Cas12a/Guide RNA-Based Platforms for Rapidly and Accurately Identifying Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0487022. [PMID: 36943040 PMCID: PMC10100783 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04870-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to ensure the prevention and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, rapid and accurate detection of pathogens and their resistance phenotypes is a must. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a fast and precise nucleic acid detection platform for identifying S. aureus and MRSA. We initially constructed a CRISPR-Cas12a detection system by designing single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) specifically targeting the thermonuclease (nuc) and mecA genes. To increase the sensitivity of the CRISPR-Cas12a system, we incorporated PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). Subsequently, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of the three amplification methods paired with the CRISPR-Cas12a system. Finally, the clinical performance of the methods was tested by analyzing the fluorescence readout of 111 clinical isolates. In order to visualize the results, lateral-flow test strip technology, which enables point-of-care testing, was also utilized. After comparing the sensitivity and specificity of three different methods, we determined that the nuc-LAMP-Cas12a and mecA-LAMP-Cas12a methods were the optimal detection methods. The nuc-LAMP-Cas12a platform showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 aM (~6 copies μL-1), while the mecA-LAMP-Cas12a platform demonstrated a LOD of 1 aM (~1 copy μL-1). The LOD of both platforms reached 4 × 103 fg/μL of genomic DNA. Critical evaluation of their efficiencies on 111 clinical bacterial isolates showed that they were 100% specific and 100% sensitive with both the fluorescence readout and the lateral-flow readout. Total detection time for the present assay was approximately 80 min (based on fluorescence readout) or 85 min (based on strip readout). These results indicated that the nuc-LAMP-Cas12a and mecA-LAMP-Cas12a platforms are promising tools for the rapid and accurate identification of S. aureus and MRSA. IMPORTANCE The spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a major threat to global health. Isothermal amplification combined with the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a has been exploited to generate diagnostic platforms for pathogen detection. Here, we describe the design and clinical evaluation of two highly sensitive and specific platforms, nuc-LAMP-Cas12a and mecA-LAMP-Cas12a, for the detection of S. aureus and MRSA in 111 clinical bacterial isolates. With a limit of detection (LOD) of 4 × 103 fg/μL of genomic DNA and a turnaround time of 80 to 85 min, the present assay was 100% specific and 100% sensitive using either fluorescence or the lateral-flow readout. The present assay promises clinical application for rapid and accurate identification of S. aureus and MRSA in limited-resource settings or at the point of care. Beyond S. aureus and MRSA, similar CRISPR diagnostic platforms will find widespread use in the detection of various infectious diseases, malignancies, pharmacogenetics, food contamination, and gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Cao
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Tao
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Ling
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hengshu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Rahman MU, Wang W, Sun Q, Shah JA, Li C, Sun Y, Li Y, Zhang B, Chen W, Wang S. Endolysin, a Promising Solution against Antimicrobial Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1277. [PMID: 34827215 PMCID: PMC8614784 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis for human public health which threatens the effective prevention and control of ever-increasing infectious diseases. The advent of pandrug-resistant bacteria makes most, if not all, available antibiotics invalid. Meanwhile, the pipeline of novel antibiotics development stagnates, which prompts scientists and pharmacists to develop unconventional antimicrobials. Bacteriophage-derived endolysins are cell wall hydrolases which could hydrolyze the peptidoglycan layer from within and outside of bacterial pathogens. With high specificity, rapid action, high efficiency, and low risk of resistance development, endolysins are believed to be among the best alternative therapeutic agents to treat multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. As of now, endolysins have been applied to diverse aspects. In this review, we comprehensively introduce the structures and activities of endolysins and summarize the latest application progress of recombinant endolysins in the fields of medical treatment, pathogen diagnosis, food safety, and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujeeb ur Rahman
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (M.u.R.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Weixiao Wang
- Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China;
| | - Qingqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (M.u.R.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Junaid Ali Shah
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (M.u.R.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (M.u.R.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuanrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (M.u.R.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Bailing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Wei Chen
- Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China;
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (M.u.R.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
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Muangsombut V, Withatanung P, Chantratita N, Chareonsudjai S, Lim J, Galyov EE, Ottiwet O, Sengyee S, Janesomboon S, Loessner MJ, Dunne M, Korbsrisate S. Rapid Clinical Screening of Burkholderia pseudomallei Colonies by a Bacteriophage Tail Fiber-Based Latex Agglutination Assay. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0301920. [PMID: 33811022 PMCID: PMC8174754 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03019-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is a life-threatening disease in humans caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. As severe septicemic melioidosis can lead to death within 24 to 48 h, a rapid diagnosis of melioidosis is critical for ensuring that an optimal antibiotic course is prescribed to patients. Here, we report the development and evaluation of a bacteriophage tail fiber-based latex agglutination assay for rapid detection of B. pseudomallei infection. Burkholderia phage E094 was isolated from rice paddy fields in northeast Thailand, and the whole genome was sequenced to identify its tail fiber (94TF). The 94TF complex was structurally characterized, which involved identification of a tail assembly protein that forms an essential component of the mature fiber. Recombinant 94TF was conjugated to latex beads and developed into an agglutination-based assay (94TF-LAA). 94TF-LAA was initially tested against a large library of Burkholderia and other bacterial strains before a field evaluation was performed during routine clinical testing. The sensitivity and specificity of the 94TF-LAA were assessed alongside standard biochemical analyses on 300 patient specimens collected from an area of melioidosis endemicity over 11 months. The 94TF-LAA took less than 5 min to produce positive agglutination, demonstrating 98% (95% confidence interval [CI] of 94.2% to 99.59%) sensitivity and 83% (95% CI of 75.64% to 88.35%) specificity compared to biochemical-based detection. Overall, we show how a Burkholderia-specific phage tail fiber can be exploited for rapid detection of B. pseudomallei. The 94TF-LAA has the potential for further development as a supplementary diagnostic to assist in clinical identification of this life-threatening pathogen. IMPORTANCE Rapid diagnosis of melioidosis is essential for ensuring that optimal antibiotic courses are prescribed to patients and thus warrants the development of cost-effective and easy-to-use tests for implementation in underresourced areas such as northeastern Thailand and other tropical regions. Phage tail fibers are an interesting alternative to antibodies for use in various diagnostic assays for different pathogenic bacteria. As exposed appendages of phages, tail fibers are physically robust and easy to manufacture, with many tail fibers (such as 94TF investigated here) capable of targeting a given bacterial species with remarkable specificity. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a latex agglutination assay using a Burkholderia-specific tail fiber 94TF against biochemical-based detection methods that are the standard diagnostic in many areas where melioidosis is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerachat Muangsombut
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patoo Withatanung
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narisara Chantratita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sorujsiri Chareonsudjai
- Department of Microbiology and Melioidosis Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jiali Lim
- DSO National Laboratories, Singapore
| | - Edouard E. Galyov
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Orawan Ottiwet
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Pathology, Mukdahan Hospital, Mukdahan, Thailand
| | - Sineenart Sengyee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sujintana Janesomboon
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Matthew Dunne
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sunee Korbsrisate
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Cheng H, Yang L, Cai Z, Qiao X, Du L, Hou J, Chen J, Zheng Q. Development of haemagglutination assay for titration of porcine circovirus type 2. Anal Biochem 2020; 598:113706. [PMID: 32275892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) was one of the most economically important viral pathogens in all the swine-producing countries and often resulted in tremendous economic losses for the swine industry. As PCV2 could not cause cytopathogenic effects while propagated in infected cells, many complicated experiments should be performed to titrate its virus titer. In this study we developed a simple and effective hemagglutination assay for titration of virus titer of PCV2. To develop the hemagglutination assay, a recombinant bispecific nanobody (BsNb) against PCV2 and chicken red blood cells (cRBCs) was constructed based on two nanobodies (NbPCV11 and NbRBC48) which were selected from the non-immunized nanobody library, respectively. The hemagglutination assay was used to titrate the virus titer of PCV2 propagated in cell culture by simple naked-eye observation within 30 min, with the detection limit of 104.09 tissue culture infective dose 50 (TCID50)/mL, excellent specificity and reproducibility. Therefore, the hemagglutination assay had potential to be a rapid, reliable, cost-effective, user-friendly qualitative and semi-quantitative tool for titration of virus titer of PCV2 during the vaccine manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Cheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zizheng Cai
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuwen Qiao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Luping Du
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Qisheng Zheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
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de Almeida CC, Pizauro LJL, Soltes GA, Slavic D, de Ávila FA, Pizauro JM, MacInnes JI. Some coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. isolated from buffalo can be misidentified as Staphylococcus aureus by phenotypic and Sa442 PCR methods. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:346. [PMID: 29848377 PMCID: PMC5977496 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Staphylococcus aureus is a commonly reported cause of buffalo mastitis. However, its prevalence may be overestimated. The aim of this study was to compare S. aureus identification by conventional phenotypic and genotypic assays versus Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and novel real-time quantitative PCR tests for the cytochrome oxidase subunit D II (cydB) and staphylocoagulase (coa) genes. Results From 408 samples obtained from buffalo milk/milking environment, 32 putative S. aureus strains were identified based on characteristic growth on Baird Parker agar, positive catalase reaction, ability to clot rabbit plasma, and positive Sa442 PCR assay. However, in further testing, only 10 of these strains were positive in latex agglutination tests and by MALDI-TOF MS, only eight of the 32 strains were S. aureus while the rest were S. chromogenes (19), S. agnetis (3), S. cohnii (1), or S. xylosus (1). All eight strains identified as S. aureus by MALDI-TOF analysis and confirmed by 16S RNA gene sequencing were positive in a S. aureus-specific cydB PCR test. As well, 7/8 S. aureus strains were PCR positive in a real-time coa PCR test as were 2/69 S. chromogenes and the lone S. xylosus strain tested. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3449-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila C de Almeida
- Agriculture and Livestock Microbiology Graduation Program, Department of Veterinary Pathology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, Brazil.,Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lucas J L Pizauro
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, Brazil.,Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Glenn A Soltes
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Durda Slavic
- Animal Health Laboratory, University of Guelph, Post Office 3612, Guelph, ON, N1H 6R8, Canada
| | - Fernando A de Ávila
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - João M Pizauro
- Department of Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Janet I MacInnes
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Wei TY, Cheng CM. Synthetic Biology-Based Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Infectious Disease. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 23:1056-1066. [PMID: 27662252 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases outpace all other causes of death in low-income countries, posing global health risks, laying stress on healthcare systems and societies, and taking an avoidable human toll. One solution to this crisis is early diagnosis of infectious disease, which represents a powerful way to optimize treatment, increase patient survival rate, and decrease healthcare costs. However, conventional early diagnosis methods take a long time to generate results, lack accuracy, and are known to seriously underperform with regard to fungal and viral infections. Synthetic biology offers a fast and highly accurate alternative to conventional infectious disease diagnosis. In this review, we outline obstacles to infectious disease diagnostics and discuss two emerging alternatives: synthetic viral diagnostic systems and biosensors. We argue that these synthetic biology-based approaches may overcome diagnostic obstacles in infectious disease and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yen Wei
- Interdisciplinary Program of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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Huet M, Cubizolles M, Buhot A. Real time observation and automated measurement of red blood cells agglutination inside a passive microfluidic biochip containing embedded reagents. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 93:110-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rapid Waterborne Pathogen Detection with Mobile Electronics. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17061348. [PMID: 28598391 PMCID: PMC5492157 DOI: 10.3390/s17061348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pathogen detection in water samples, without complex and time consuming procedures such as fluorescent-labeling or culture-based incubation, is essential to public safety. We propose an immunoagglutination-based protocol together with the microfluidic device to quantify pathogen levels directly from water samples. Utilizing ubiquitous complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) imagers from mobile electronics, a low-cost and one-step reaction detection protocol is developed to enable field detection for waterborne pathogens. 10 mL of pathogen-containing water samples was processed using the developed protocol including filtration enrichment, immune-reaction detection and imaging processing. The limit of detection of 10 E. coli O157:H7 cells/10 mL has been demonstrated within 10 min of turnaround time. The protocol can readily be integrated into a mobile electronics such as smartphones for rapid and reproducible field detection of waterborne pathogens.
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Yan C, Zhang Y, Yang H, Yu J, Wei H. Combining phagomagnetic separation with immunoassay for specific, fast and sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus. Talanta 2017; 170:291-297. [PMID: 28501172 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-specific lytic bacteriophage P-S. aureus-9, isolated from an environmental water sample, was assembled on magnetic beads for capturing S. aureus from samples through magnetic separation. Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) labeled immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies were used to detect the captured S. aureus by reacting with protein A on S. aureus followed by colorimetric signals, which were generated from the catalytic reaction between HRP and the substrate 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve was linear from 1.0×104 to 1.0×106CFUmL-1. The limit of detection (LOD) for the assay was 2.47×103CFUmL-1 and 8.86×103CFUmL-1 of S. aureus in PBS and apple juice, respectively. Moreover, the whole assay revealed outstanding specificity towards S. aureus, without any interference of common pathogenic bacteria, and can be completed within 90min without any pre-enrichment. As far as known, it was the first time to detect S. aureus based on the double site recognition of bacteriophage and mammal IgG. The novel approach has shown good potentials for a rapid, specific, cheap and simple detection of S. aureus in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Hang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Junping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
| | - Hongping Wei
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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