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Chae SJ, Jung S, Cho SR, Choi W, Lee DY. Outbreak associated with Rotavirus G11,P[25] in Korea in 2018. Infect Chemother 2020; 52:616-620. [PMID: 33263243 PMCID: PMC7779978 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2020.52.4.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We here report the first outbreak caused by rotavirus G11,P[25] in Korea in 2018, representing a case of re-assortment with pig-derived rotavirus. The genotype constellation was identical to the virus identified in Korea in 2012 as G11-P[25]-I12-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. The infection source was not known exactly but it must be considered infection from swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Chae
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Sunyoung Jung
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Seung Rye Cho
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Wooyoung Choi
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Deog Yong Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea.
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2
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Kim MJ, Jeong HS, Kim SG, Lee SM, Kim SH, Kee HY, Jo EH, Park HJ, Ha DR, Kim ES, Seo KW, Chung JK. Diversity of rotavirus strain circulated in gwangju, republic of Korea. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2014; 5:364-9. [PMID: 25562046 PMCID: PMC4281628 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The introduction of new rotavirus vaccines into the public sphere makes it necessary to maintain constant surveillance and to heighten public awareness of the appearance of new rotavirus strains. We describe the molecular epidemiology of circulating rotavirus strains after vaccine introduction. Methods We collected a total of 1070 stool samples from children with gastroenteritis from January 2013 to June 2013. The antigenic prevalence of rotavirus group A was distinguished using enzyme immunoassay. The G and P genotypes of enzyme immunoassay-positive samples were determined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results Of the 1070 samples collected, 277 (25.9%) tested positive for rotaviruses by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. The most prevalent circulating genotype G was G1 (51.3%), followed by G2 (34.7%) and G9 (10.8%). The predominant type of genotype P was P[8] (66.1%), followed by P[4] (31.4%). In this study, nine genotypes were found. G1P[8] was the most prevalent (51.8%), followed by G2P[4] (30.5%), G9P[8] (9.9%), and G2P[8] (4.0%). Several unusual combinations (G1P[4], G3P[9], G3P[8], G4P[6], and G9P[4]) were also identified. Conclusion Molecular epidemiological knowledge of rotaviruses is critical for the development of effective preventive measures, including vaccines. These data will help us monitor the effectiveness of current rotavirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Jeong
- Division of Vaccine Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seon Gyeong Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Se Mi Lee
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Young Kee
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Jo
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Park
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong-Ryong Ha
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kye-Won Seo
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Keun Chung
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
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Shetty SA, Mathur M, Deshpande JM. Complete genome analysis of a rare group A rotavirus, G11P[25], isolated from a child in Mumbai, India, reveals interspecies transmission and reassortment with human rotavirus strains. J Med Microbiol 2014; 63:1220-1227. [PMID: 24951672 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.070524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hospital-based rotavirus surveillance was carried out in Mumbai during 2005-2009. An isolate (B08299) with a rare genotype combination (G11P[25]) was detected. The present study was undertaken to characterize the complete genome of the isolate. B08299 exhibited a G11-P[25]-I12-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1 genotype constellation. Phylogenetic analysis of the 11 gene segments of B08299 revealed that the VP2 and NSP5 genes of B08299 had a human origin, while the VP6 gene represented an I12 genotype of obscure origin. The remaining six genes formed a lineage distinct from human and porcine rotaviruses within genotype 1. Analysis of the structural and non-structural genes suggested that B08299 has evolved by gene reassortment. Our findings provide further evidence that interspecies transmission is an important mechanism involved in the evolution and genetic diversity of human rotaviruses in nature.
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Jain S, Vashistt J, Changotra H. Rotaviruses: is their surveillance needed? Vaccine 2014; 32:3367-78. [PMID: 24793942 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rotaviruses, a major cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide accounts for around 0.5 million deaths annually. Owing to their segmented genome and frequently evolving capability, these display a wide variation in their genotypes. In addition to commonly circulating genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, P[4] and P[8]), a number of infrequent genotypes are being continuously reported to infect humans. These viral strains exhibit variation from one geographical setting to another in their distribution. Though the introduction of vaccines (RotaTeq and Rotarix) proved to be very effective in declining rotavirus associated morbidity and mortality, the number of infections remained same. Unusual genotypes significantly contribute to the rotavirus associated diarrhoeal burden, may reduce the efficacy of the vaccines in use and hence vaccinated individuals may not be benefited. Vaccine introduction may bring about a notable impact on the distribution and prevalence of these viruses due to selection pressure. Moreover, there is a sudden emergence of G2 and G3 in Brazil and United States, respectively, during the years 2006-2008 post-vaccination introduction; G9 and G12 became predominant during the years 1986 through 1998 before the vaccine introduction and now are commonly prevalent strains; and disparity in the predominance of strains after introduction of vaccines and their natural fluctuations poses a vital question on the impact of vaccines on rotavirus strain circulation. This interplay between vaccines and rotavirus strains is yet to be explored, but it certainly enforces the need to continuously monitor these changes in strains prevalence in a particular region. Furthermore, these fluctuations should be considered while administration or development of a vaccine, if rotavirus associated mortality is ever to be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Jain
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan 1732 34, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendraa Vashistt
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan 1732 34, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Harish Changotra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan 1732 34, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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5
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Than VT, Kim W. Prevalence of rotavirus genotypes in South Korea in 1989-2009: implications for a nationwide rotavirus vaccine program. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2013; 56:465-73. [PMID: 24348658 PMCID: PMC3859878 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2013.56.11.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiology of human group A rotavirus was analyzed by examining genotypic data acquired from 1989 to 2009 in South Korea. This information was derived from all the available published articles on rotavirus studies in South Korea, retrieved from both the PubMed and KoreaMed databases. Four common G types (G1, G2, G3, and G4) and three common P types (P[8], P[4], and P[6]) accounted for approximately 93% and 99% of the rotavirus reports, respectively. The G9 type was frequently detected after 2000, and because of this prevalence, it is considered to be the fifth most important G type rotavirus after the G1.G4 genotypes. Less common G types of the virus such as G12, G11, and G10 were detected in some geographic settings, and it is important to consider the context of these subtypes and their epidemiological significance. The P[9] virus genotype was observed in the study and has been discussed in many other studies; however, the P[3], P[10] and P[25] genotypes were rarely detected in the epidemiological research. In general, the distributions of the G and P genotypes showed temporal and geographical fluctuations, and a nationwide rotavirus vaccine program that targeted these genotypes demonstrated effectiveness in protecting against the circulating rotavirus strains. However, further analysis is needed to determine the true long-term effectiveness of these vaccines; the analysis should also consider the unexpected effects of vaccinations, such as vaccine-induced diseases, herd immunity, and changes in host susceptibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Whole-genome sequence analysis of a Korean G11P[25] rotavirus strain identifies several porcine-human reassortant events. Arch Virol 2013; 158:2385-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1720-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Mullick S, Mukherjee A, Ghosh S, Pazhani GP, Sur D, Manna B, Nataro JP, Levine MM, Ramamurthy T, Chawla-Sarkar M. Genomic analysis of human rotavirus strains G6P[14] and G11P[25] isolated from Kolkata in 2009 reveals interspecies transmission and complex reassortment events. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 14:15-21. [PMID: 23219735 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In a community based case-control study in Kolkata, India, in 2009, two human rotaviruses with uncommon genotypes G6P[14] and G11P[25] were identified, having bovine and porcine characteristics respectively. Strain N-1/2009 with G6P[14] and strain N-38/2009 with G11P[25] genotypes, were isolated from a 13months aged boy who was asymptomatic and a 10months old girl with severe diarrhea respectively. The remaining 9 gene segments of these two strains were analyzed to find the exact origin of these unusual rotaviruses, and the origin of these two strains from bovine/porcine rotaviruses was apparent. This study identifies zoonotic transmission and single and multiple reassortment events as mechanisms driving the diversity of human rotaviruses. This study indicates interspecies transmission between human and animal rotaviruses causes single or multiple reassortment and thus contribute to the genetic diversity of rotavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satarupa Mullick
- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
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8
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Park SI, Matthijnssens J, Saif LJ, Kim HJ, Park JG, Alfajaro MM, Kim DS, Son KY, Yang DK, Hyun BH, Kang MI, Cho KO. Reassortment among bovine, porcine and human rotavirus strains results in G8P[7] and G6P[7] strains isolated from cattle in South Korea. Vet Microbiol 2011; 152:55-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shim JO, Baek IH, Le VP, Ko EM, Seok WS, Uh Y, Kim JK, Ahn SY, Lee HS, Ryoo E, Shim SY, Song W, Lim I, Kim W. Molecular characterization of rotavirus diarrhea among children in South Korea: detection of an unusual G11 strain. Arch Virol 2011; 156:887-92. [PMID: 21234769 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-010-0911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Among 312 rotavirus-positive samples collected from eight hospitals across South Korea during 2008 and 2009, the most prevalent circulating G genotype was G1 (35.9%), followed by G3 (24.7%), G2 (17.0%), G4 (7.7%), and G9 (2.6%). Notably, one unusual G11 lineage III strain-the first hypoendemic infection case in the world-was found. Of the P genotypes, P[8] (43.9%) was the most common, followed by P[6] (29.5%), P[4] (9.3%) and P[9] (0.6%). Determining G- and P-type combinations showed that G1P[8] was the most prevalent (20.5%), followed by G2P[6] (12.8%) and G3P[8] (12.8%). These findings provide new information concerning the current prevalence and spread of the rare G11 rotavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ok Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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Han TH, Kim CH, Chung JY, Park SH, Hwang ES. Genetic characterization of rotavirus in children in South Korea from 2007 to 2009. Arch Virol 2010; 155:1663-73. [PMID: 20625775 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-010-0752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus is the most important etiological agent in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The recent implementation of a rotavirus vaccine in Korea requires the monitoring of prevailing rotavirus strains in order to control the infection. One hundred thirty-nine rotavirus strains were detected in children hospitalized with AGE in Seoul, Korea from 2007 to 2009. The most frequent combination of genotypes was G9P[8] (32.1%), followed by G1P[8] (20.7%) and G3P[8] (11.7%). Mixed G-types were detected in 14 samples (10.0%), and mixed P-types were found in six samples (4.3%). G9 genotypes were predominant from 2007 to 2008, whereas G1 and G3 genotypes were predominant from 2008 to 2009. G1 strains clustered mostly in the Id lineage, and some clustered in the Ic, IId, and Ia lineages. G2 strains clustered in the IV and V lineages. G3 and G9 strains clustered in the IIId and Id lineages, respectively. This study shows a rapid change of the prevalent genotype from G9 to G1 and G3 genotypes, suggesting that continuous surveillance of rotavirus strains is important for rotavirus vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanggyepaik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Zuridah H, Kirkwood CD, Bogdanovic-Sakran N, Bishop RF, Yap KL. Circulating human group A rotavirus genotypes in Malaysia. J Med Virol 2010; 82:707-11. [PMID: 20166178 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the temporal distribution of rotavirus genotypes in Malaysia. Rotaviruses from children with diarrhea admitted to hospitals in 1996 (n = 93) and 2007 (n = 12) in two different regions of Peninsular (West) Malaysia were analyzed for their G and P genotypes using a hemi-nested RT-PCR assay. In the 2007 samples, the dominant strain was G9P[8]. It was identified in 42% of the samples. Different strains all possessing the G1 genotype were identified in the rest of the samples. In contrast, 81% of the samples collected in 1996 were the G1P[8] strain. No strains with G9 genotype were detected in samples collected in 1996.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zuridah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jalan Othman, Petaling, Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Matthijnssens J, Rahman M, Ciarlet M, Zeller M, Heylen E, Nakagomi T, Uchida R, Hassan Z, Azim T, Nakagomi O, Van Ranst M. Reassortment of human rotavirus gene segments into G11 rotavirus strains. Emerg Infect Dis 2010; 16:625-30. [PMID: 20350376 PMCID: PMC3321964 DOI: 10.3201/eid1604.091591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
G11 rotaviruses are believed to be of porcine origin. However, a limited number of G11 rotaviruses have been recently isolated from humans in combination with P[25], P[8], P[6], and P[4]. To investigate the evolutionary relationships of these strains, we analyzed the complete genomes of 2 human G11P[25] strains, 2 human G11P[8] strains, and 3 porcine reference strains. Most of the 11 gene segments of these 7 strains belonged to genotype 1 (Wa-like). However, phylogenetic clustering patterns suggested that an unknown G11P[25] strain with a new I12 VP6 genotype was transmitted to the human population, in which it acquired human genotype 1 gene segments through reassortment, resulting in a human G11P[8] rotavirus strain with an entire human Wa-genogroup backbone. This Wa-like backbone is believed to have caused the worldwide spread of human G9 and G12 rotaviruses. G11 human rotavirus strains should be monitored because they may also become major human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Matthijnssens
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Lee S, Hong S, Lee S, Suh C, Park S, Lee J, Kim J, Kim D, Kim H, Jang Y, Ma S, Kim S, Sohn Y, Kang J, Paik S. Human rotavirus genotypes in hospitalized children, South Korea, April 2005 to March 2007. Vaccine 2009; 27 Suppl 5:F97-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Molecular characterization of a rare, human-porcine reassortant rotavirus strain, G11P[6], from Ecuador. Arch Virol 2009; 154:1823-9. [PMID: 19763776 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-009-0499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Pan-American Health Organization established a rotavirus pre-vaccination disease burden and strain surveillance network in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2004. During strain surveillance in Ecuador in 2005-2006, a rare rotavirus genotype, G11P[6], was detected among common strains. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of this strain identified a novel lineage of the G11 VP7 gene, most closely related to A253 (91.8% nt identity), a porcine rotavirus strain identified in Venezuela. Most genes of this strain clustered with porcine, human-porcine or bovine-porcine reassortant strains; only VP6 and perhaps NSP2 genes were more closely related to cognate genes of human rotaviruses. Thus, this strain was likely generated by gene reassortment between porcine and human parental strains. Our study provides further evidence that animal rotaviruses play an important role in genetic and antigenic diversity of rotaviruses pathogenic for humans.
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Kim SH, Cheon DS, Jeong HS, Kim MJ, Kee HY, Seo JJ, Kim TS, Kim ES, Park JT, Chung JK. Distribution of Group A Rotavirus Genotypes Circulating in Gwangju, Korea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2009.39.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Kim
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Doo-sung Cheon
- Division of Enteric and Hepatitis Viruses, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-sook Jeong
- Division of Enteric and Hepatitis Viruses, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-young Kee
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin-jong Seo
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae Sun Kim
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun-Sun Kim
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Keun Chung
- Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
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16
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Rahman M, Yang XL, Sun H, Mahzebin K, Verstappen NW, Novo L, Matthijnssens J, Van Ranst M. Emerging G9 rotavirus strains in the northwest of China. Virus Res 2008; 137:157-62. [PMID: 18674575 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although G9 rotaviruses have become one of the important rotavirus genotypes worldwide, they have been uncommon in China. Recently, we reported G9 rotaviruses as a highly prevalent genotype in Xinjiang, the northwest part of China [Yang, X., Matthijnssens, J., Sun, H., Muhamaiti, J., Zhang, B., Nahar, S., Van Ranst, M., Rahman, M., 2008. Temporal changes of rotavirus strain distribution in a northwest city of China, 1996-2005. Int. J. Infect. Dis., June (Epub ahead of print)]. Here we report the genetic variations of the Xinjiang-G9 rotaviruses isolated between 1999 and 2005. Sequence analysis of the VP7 genes of Xinjiang-G9 strains indicated that they were more closely related to the contemporary global G9 strains than to the prototype Chinese G9 strains. However, their VP4 genes were most similar to those from the locally circulating G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[6] and G3P[8] strains. This indicates that reassortment rather than antigenic drift might be the preferred evolutionary mechanism for the emergence of the G9 rotaviruses in Xinjiang. These findings will be of major significance for understanding the emergence of newly introduced rotavirus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafizur Rahman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Rega Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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17
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Full genomic analysis of human rotavirus strain TB-Chen isolated in China. Virology 2008; 375:361-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2007] [Revised: 12/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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