1
|
Kim H, Kim YA, Seo YH, Lee H, Lee K. Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli from Multiple Sectors of Poultry Industry in Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091050. [PMID: 34572632 PMCID: PMC8466054 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) from poultry, the poultry farm environment, and workers in Korea. A total of 1376 non-duplicate samples were collected from 21 poultry farms, 20 retail stores, 6 slaughterhouses, and 111 workers in a nationwide study in Korea from January 2019 to August 2019. The overall positive rate of ESBL-EC was 6.8%, with variable positive rates according to sources (0.9% of worker, 5.2% of poultry, 10.0% of chicken meat, and 14.3% of environment). Common ESBL types were CTX-M-55 and CTX-M-14 in a total of 93 ESBL-EC isolates. Whole genome sequencing revealed that 84 ESBL-EC isolates had an outstanding accumulation of numerous antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes associated with resistance to various classes of antimicrobials for human use and well-known antimicrobial gene (ARG)-carrying plasmids. Core gene multi locus sequence typing, using 2390 core genes, indicated no dominant clone or common type in each province. In conclusion, the isolation rates of ESBL-EC were not negligible in the poultry industry-related samples, sharing common ESBL types of human ESBL-EC isolates in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul 05715, Korea;
| | - Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10444, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-900-0908
| | - Young Hee Seo
- Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.H.S.); (H.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.H.S.); (H.L.); (K.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.H.S.); (H.L.); (K.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eubank TA, Long SW, Perez KK. Role of Rapid Diagnostics in Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Sepsis. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:S103-S109. [PMID: 32691836 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed administration of active anti-infective therapy is associated with increased rates of adverse events, mortality, and costs among sepsis patients. Inherent limitations of conventional culture identification methods and the lengthy turnaround time of antimicrobial susceptibility testing are significant barriers to the timely delivery of life-saving therapy, particularly among antibiotic-resistant infections. Culture-independent diagnostic techniques that detect pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes within clinical samples present a tremendous benefit to timely diagnosis and management of patients. Improved outcomes for rapid intervention with rapid diagnostics have been documented and include decreased mortality rates, decreased health care delivery costs, and faster delivery of appropriate therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taryn A Eubank
- Department of Pharmacy, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - S W Long
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katherine K Perez
- Department of Pharmacy, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Carvalho JS, Neto AFL, Melo IM, Varjão LM, Andrade CADASN, Xavier DE, Leal NC, DE Castro Almeida RC. Occurrence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ready-to-Eat Raw Fish from Japanese Cuisine Restaurants in Salvador, Brazil. J Food Prot 2020; 83:991-995. [PMID: 32438396 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in food products is a major issue for food safety. The present study was conducted to evaluate the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profile of S. aureus, focusing on MRSA isolates, in ready-to-eat sashimi from Japanese restaurants in Salvador, Brazil. A total of 127 sashimi samples were collected directly from the take-out service in 16 restaurants. The staphylococcal isolates were identified morphologically and biochemically with standard laboratory procedures. S. aureus isolates were tested with a disk diffusion assay against seven antibiotics, and the cefoxitin and oxacillin were used to identify MRSA strains. Isolates with the MRSA phenotype were confirmed with a PCR assay. S. aureus was found in 73% of the sashimi samples, including sashimi from tuna (75.5% of samples) and salmon (72.5% of samples). Among those positive samples, 37% were contaminated with MRSA strains, found among 38.8% of salmon sashimi and 34.0% of tuna sashimi. Penicillin resistance was the most common type of antimicrobial resistance, found in 65.5% of the sashimi samples, followed by resistance to tetracycline (22.5%), erythromycin (16.0%), and ciprofloxacin (3.2%). Only two S. aureus isolates collected from different fish samples and restaurants had presumed resistance to vancomycin. The high prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA in these sashimi samples indicates a potential risk for foodborne disease, especially MRSA, spreading in the community. HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joelza Silva Carvalho
- Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Antenor Ferreira Leal Neto
- Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maciel Melo
- Nutrition School, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Basílio da Gama, s/no, 40110-160, Salvador, BA, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-929X [R.C.C.A.])
| | - Luana Milen Varjão
- Nutrition School, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Basílio da Gama, s/no, 40110-160, Salvador, BA, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-929X [R.C.C.A.])
| | | | - Danilo Elias Xavier
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute/FIOCRUZ, Avenida Morais Rêgo, s/n, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Nilma Cintra Leal
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute/FIOCRUZ, Avenida Morais Rêgo, s/n, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Rogeria Comastri DE Castro Almeida
- Nutrition School, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Basílio da Gama, s/no, 40110-160, Salvador, BA, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-929X [R.C.C.A.])
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Swathi C, Sudhaharan S, Lakshmi V, Suguna Ratnakar K, Sritharan V. Direct Detection and Discrimination of Carbapenemases of Acinetobacter baumannii from Uncultured Tracheal Aspirates. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:1153-1162. [PMID: 32364821 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenemases play important roles in conferring resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, including the carbapenems. Detection of carbapenemase activity helps to understand the possible mechanism(s) of carbapenem resistance. Identification of carbapenemases is currently being done by various phenotypic methods and molecular methods. However, innovative biochemical and spectrophotometric methods are desirable as they will be easy to perform, affordable, and rapid. A novel chromogenic method called Carba NP test was introduced recently to screen for carbapenemases in clinical isolates of gram-negative pathogens. We adopted this assay (1) to detect the total carbapenemase activity, (2) to discriminate Class A, B, and D carbapenemases with inhibitors, (3) to compare with carbapenemase genotype, and (4) for direct differential diagnosis of carbapenemases in uncultured clinical sample such as tracheal aspirate. The study included 132 purulent tracheal aspirates. All samples were processed and screened by a protocol optimized in our laboratory, which showed good sensitivity and correlation with genotyping and conventional phenotyping. Our protocol not only offers the fastest way to identify the pathogen but also its carbapenemase profile, directly from uncultured clinical samples in less than 4 hr. Our protocol is currently being validated on other types of clinical specimens in our laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheguri Swathi
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education and Research Foundation (GMERF), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sukanya Sudhaharan
- Department of Microbiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | - Vemu Lakshmi
- Department of Microbiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | - Kamaraju Suguna Ratnakar
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education and Research Foundation (GMERF), Hyderabad, India
| | - Venkataraman Sritharan
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education and Research Foundation (GMERF), Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bouslah Z. Carba NP test for the detection of carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Med Mal Infect 2020; 50:466-479. [PMID: 31899068 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Carba NP test is a biochemical chromogenic assay developed to detect carbapenemase activity. Variable performance has been reported according to the type of carbapenemase and bacterial species involved. We aimed to describe the benefit of the Carba NP test and its commercial version, the RAPIDEC® CARBA NP, to detect carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched. The following data was collected from each included study: research protocol, molecular profile of the tested strains, and sensitivity and specificity of the test used to detect carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa. RESULTS Thirty-four studies were included. The most frequently tested strains were metallo-beta-lactamase producers. The pooled sensitivity to detect carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa with the original Carba NP test, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Carba NP test, and the RAPIDEC® CARBA NP was 92%, 95%, and 96%, respectively. The pooled specificity was 99% with the original and the CLSI Carba NP tests, and 92% with the RAPIDEC® CARBA NP. Several studies evaluated modified versions of the Carba NP test to detect carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa, with reported sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% in most cases. CONCLUSION The Carba NP test allows for fast screening and easy handling as well as optimal performance to detect carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa. These findings should be confirmed by further studies including a larger cohort of isolates and various types of carbapenemases, mainly non-metallo-beta-lactamases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Bouslah
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, 15, rue Djebel Lakhdhar, 1007 La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisie.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cordeiro-Moura JR, Fehlberg LCC, Nodari CS, Matos APD, Alves VDO, Cayô R, Gales AC. Performance of distinct phenotypic methods for carbapenemase detection: The influence of culture media. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 96:114912. [PMID: 31704067 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the performance of five phenotypic tests [Modified Hodge Test (MHT); combined-disk test (CDT) using phenylboronic acid, EDTA, and cloxacillin; CarbaNP and CarbAcinetoNP; Blue-Carba, Carbapenembac™ and Carbapenembac Metallo™] for carbapenemase detection in Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). A total of 73 carbapenemase producers and 27 non-carbapenemase producers were tested. All GNB were subcultured onto Müeller-Hinton agar (MHA), MacConkey agar (MAC), and sheep blood agar (SBA). High sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) was observed for MHA using CarbaNP, Blue-Carba, and Carbapenembac™. The sensitivity and specificity of CarbaNP (98.6%/100%), Blue-Carba (97.1%/91.0%), and Carbapenembac™ (100%/96.5%) were slightly lower for SBA. In contrast, unacceptable sensitivity rates of CarbaNP (71.1%) and Blue-Carba (66.6%), but not Carbapenembac™ (97.3%), were observed for MAC. The colorimetric methods showed high sensitivity and specificity to detect carbapenemase production from isolates grown on MHA or SBA. However, colonies obtained from MAC must not be tested for carbapenemase detection by colorimetric methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatha Rodrigo Cordeiro-Moura
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena Cristina Corrêa Fehlberg
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Silva Nodari
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório de Imunologia e Bacteriologia - LIB, Setor de Biologia Molecular, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - DCB, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas - ICAQF, Diadema, - SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Pereira de Matos
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius de Oliveira Alves
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cayô
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório de Imunologia e Bacteriologia - LIB, Setor de Biologia Molecular, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - DCB, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas - ICAQF, Diadema, - SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Gales
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lau JSY, Bhatt S, Streitberg R, Bryant M, Korman TM, Woolley I. Surveillance of life-long antibiotics-A cross-sectional cohort study assessing patient attitudes and understanding of long-term antibiotic consumption. Infect Dis Health 2019; 24:179-186. [PMID: 31229453 DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients receive long-term or life-long antibiotics for suppression of infections deemed otherwise incurable. Little is known about the consequences of this strategy. We aimed to explore patients' attitudes towards and knowledge concerning prolonged antibiotic therapy. METHODS A cross-sectional cohort pilot study of outpatients on long-term antibiotics was performed. Surveys were conducted at our healthcare network in Victoria, Australia between April and December 2015. Microbiological screening for multi-resistant organisms (MRO) was also performed. RESULTS Heterogeneity was noted in the prescribed antibiotics and documented indications, with rifampicin and fusidic acid for suppression of prosthetic joint infection the most common regimen and indication. 41% (12/29) of participants reported side-effects attributed to their antibiotics, but 72% (21/29) still declared complete adherence to their prescribed regimen. 76% (22/29) of participants stated that they would cease their long-term antibiotics based on medical advice. 19/29 (66%) participants consented to microbiological screening and 4 were found to be colonised with MROs. They had spent more days as an inpatient in the preceding 12 months than the screened participants who were not colonised. CONCLUSION Participants in this study had a good understanding of their infection and the indications for their long-term antibiotic therapy, and were adherent to this therapy despite many experiencing side-effects attributed to their antibiotics. Patients who are prescribed life-long antibiotics can be carriers of multi-resistant organisms, but both the drivers of this resistance, and the broader impact of colonisation with MRO in this population is unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian S Y Lau
- Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
| | - Shivani Bhatt
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | | | - Mellissa Bryant
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Tony M Korman
- Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Monash Pathology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Ian Woolley
- Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Multicenter Performance Assessment of Carba NP Test. J Clin Microbiol 2017; 55:1954-1960. [PMID: 28404676 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00244-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighty Gram-negative bacilli (54 Enterobacteriaceae and 26 nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli) obtained from multiple institutions in the United States were distributed in a blinded manner to seven testing laboratories to compare their performance of a test for detection of carbapenemase production, the Carba NP test. The Carba NP test was performed by all laboratories, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) procedure. Site-versus-site comparisons demonstrated a high level of consistency for the Carba NP assay, with just 3/21 site comparisons yielding a difference in sensitivity (P < 0.05). Previously described limitations with blaOXA-48-like carbapenemases and blaOXA carbapenemases associated with Acinetobacter baumannii were noted. Based on these data, we demonstrate that the Carba NP test, when implemented with the standardized CLSI methodology, provides reproducible results across multiple sites for detection of carbapenemases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Matsumura Y, Pitout JD. Recent advances in the laboratory detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:783-94. [PMID: 27042955 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1172964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, have been increasing rapidly on a global scale and are considered to be significant health threats. The most common carbapenemases are KPCs, NDMs, OXA-48-like, IMPs and VIMs but their distribution and prevalence differs between countries. The accurate, simple, cost effective and rapid detection of carbapenemases in clinical laboratories is an important initial step to control the spread of CPE within institutions. The diversity of carbapenemases in general, has challenged a simple approach for the detection of most types of CPE. This article summarizes the current and describes newer techniques available for the detection of carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae. The authors also provide a simplified approach for the accurate and rapid detection of CPEs that can easily be implemented in a clinical diagnostic laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Matsumura
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine , Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan.,b Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,c Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,d Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Johann D Pitout
- b Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,c Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,d Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,e Division of Microbiology, Calgary Laboratory Services , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,f Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Detection of carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria using a simplified Carba NP test. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 123:1-3. [PMID: 26854838 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A simplified Carba NP test (CNPt), the CNPt-direct, was evaluated for carbapenemase detection using 272 gram-negative bacteria. Compared to the Modified Hodge test, the CNPt-direct had higher sensitivity (98.2% vs. 71.6%). The simplified Carba NP is an accurate, cheap and simple test for rapid carbapenemase detection.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tai AYC, Stuart RL, Sidjabat HE, Lemoh CN, Rogers BA, Graham M, Paterson DL, Korman TM. Local acquisition and nosocomial transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae harbouring the blaNDM-1 gene in Australia. Med J Aust 2015; 202:270-2. [PMID: 25758700 DOI: 10.5694/mja14.01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Y C Tai
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Maryza Graham
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Tony M Korman
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|