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Comparison of Phenotype and Genotype Virulence and Antimicrobial Factors of Salmonella Typhimurium Isolated from Human Milk. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065135. [PMID: 36982209 PMCID: PMC10048834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a common foodborne infection. Many serovars belonging to Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica are present in the gut of various animal species. They can cause infection in human infants via breast milk or cross-contamination with powdered milk. In the present study, Salmonella BO was isolated from human milk in accordance with ISO 6579-1:2017 standards and sequenced using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), followed by serosequencing and genotyping. The results also allowed its pathogenicity to be predicted. The WGS results were compared with the bacterial phenotype. The isolated strain was found to be Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium 4:i:1,2_69M (S. Typhimurium 69M); it showed a very close similarity to S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2. Bioinformatics sequence analysis detected eleven SPIs (SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-4, SPI-5, SPI-9, SPI-12, SPI-13, SPI-14, C63PI, CS54_island). Significant changes in gene sequences were noted, causing frameshift mutations in yeiG, rfbP, fumA, yeaL, ybeU (insertion) and lpfD, avrA, ratB, yacH (deletion). The sequences of several proteins were significantly different from those coded in the reference genome; their three-dimensional structure was predicted and compared with reference proteins. Our findings indicate the presence of a number of antimicrobial resistance genes that do not directly imply an antibiotic resistance phenotype.
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Human Milk Expression, Storage, and Transport by Women Whose Infants Are Inpatients at a Tertiary Neonatal Unit in Melbourne, Australia: An Exploratory Study. Adv Neonatal Care 2021; 21:E199-E208. [PMID: 33350706 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression and storage of mothers' own milk at home and its transportation to hospital neonatal units are a common practice worldwide when newborns are inpatients. Studies assessing adherence to hospital protocols and guidelines for this are not widely published. PURPOSE To explore the advice received and practices followed by mothers when expressing, storing, and transporting their milk from home to the hospital, with a substudy exploring the factors related to temperature maintenance of refrigerated milk at recommended values. METHODS Cross-sectional descriptive study at the neonatal intensive care unit of Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne, Australia. Mothers who were discharged home after birth of the infant, but whose infant(s) remained in the neonatal unit for 7 days or more participated. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire. In the substudy, home refrigerator temperature and surface temperature of milk on arrival to the hospital were recorded. RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 100 mothers; 38 participated in the substudy. Median travel time from home to the hospital was 32 minutes (range, 2-135 minutes). Lactation consultants were the largest group providing information, with 44 participants (45%) identifying them as the primary information source. Knowledge about recommended refrigerator storage times for expressed milk was correct in 53 mothers (54%). Coolness of milk was better maintained when transported in an insulated food container than nonuse (surface temperature: mean 9.1°C vs 12.2°C; P = .007). Distance and travel duration were not correlated with temperature. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE More diligent monitoring of conditions under which mothers' own milk is transported to hospital is required, and the use of an insulated food container for refrigerated/frozen milk, even for a short duration, should be strongly recommended. Staff to be trained and better equipped to provide uniform, concise information on expressed human milk management to mothers. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Further research to correlate factors associated with transporting human milk expressed at home and infant health outcome is needed.
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Feng Y, Chen CL, Chang YJ, Li YH, Chiou CS, Su LH, Li HC, Yang HP, Chiu CH. Microbiological and genomic investigations of invasive Salmonella enterica serovar Panama from a large outbreak in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:660-669. [PMID: 34294499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Salmonella Panama was considered an invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) serovar. Comprehensive clinical, microbiological, and genomic studies on S. Panama are scarce. We aimed to characterize the clinical and microbiological characteristics of S. Panama infection. Virulence mechanism of S. Panama and other iNTS serovars were also examined. METHODS Based on data from the longitudinal surveillance system for Salmonella deployed in Taiwan since 2004, a case-control study was undertaken to evaluate clinical characteristics of S. Panama infection during an outbreak in 2015-2016. Cellular experiments were conducted to compare pathogenicity of S. Panama and other iNTS with S. Typhimurium. RESULTS Most patients (41/44, 93.2%) infected by S. Panama were <5 years old (median, 1.3 years). The case-control study showed that 28 out of the 41 (68.3%) manifested as bacteremia, compared to S. Typhimurium (11.1%). Patients infected by S. Panama had longer durations of fever (P = 0.005) and hospitalization (P < 0.001). Genomic analyses split the isolates into three clades: two clones caused the outbreak, whereas another one accounted for the sporadic infections before 2015. Cellular experiments revealed that S. Panama and other iNTS serovars showed higher monolayer penetration and intracellular survival within macrophages, compared to S. Typhimurium. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that S. Panama is a clinically invasive serovar. Different iNTS serovars express common virulence phenotypes, but they may acquire invasiveness through distinct expression or combinations of virulence genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Feng
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chyi-Liang Chen
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jung Chang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Li
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Shun Chiou
- Center for Research, Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Hui Su
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chieh Li
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Yang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Pulford CV, Perez-Sepulveda BM, Rodwell EV, Weill FX, Baker KS, Hinton JCD. Salmonella enterica Serovar Panama, an Understudied Serovar Responsible for Extraintestinal Salmonellosis Worldwide. Infect Immun 2019; 87:e00273-19. [PMID: 31262982 PMCID: PMC6704606 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00273-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years nontyphoidal Salmonella has emerged as one of the pathogens most frequently isolated from the bloodstream in humans. Only a small group of Salmonella serovars cause this systemic infection, known as invasive nontyphoidal salmonellosis. Here, we present a focused minireview on Salmonella enterica serovar Panama, a serovar responsible for invasive salmonellosis worldwide. S Panama has been linked with infection of extraintestinal sites in humans, causing septicemia, meningitis, and osteomyelitis. The clinical picture is often complicated by antimicrobial resistance and has been associated with a large repertoire of transmission vehicles, including human feces and breast milk. Nonhuman sources of S Panama involve reptiles and environmental reservoirs, as well as food animals, such as pigs. The tendency of S Panama to cause invasive disease may be linked to certain serovar-specific genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caisey V Pulford
- Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca M Perez-Sepulveda
- Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ella V Rodwell
- Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kate S Baker
- Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jay C D Hinton
- Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Parry SM, Aldrich AM, Carlson AV, Trotter SA, Iwen PC, Cieslak TJ. Salmonella enterica Serotype Panama: An exceptionally virulent cause of illness in children? SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019; 7:2050313X19830277. [PMID: 30815262 PMCID: PMC6385320 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x19830277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serotype Panama accounts for <1% of all reported cases of Salmonellosis. Previous reports suggest that it may be unusually virulent in children. We report the case of a family, five of six of whom developed a diarrheal illness due to this organism following exposure during a trip to Costa Rica. Included among these patients were three children, all of whom developed clinical shock requiring aggressive fluid resuscitation, and all of whom ultimately recovered. DNA fingerprinting, using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, demonstrated that all three children were infected with an identical strain of Salmonella. Moreover, this strain was unique among strains recovered in Nebraska. Clinicians should be aware of the propensity of Salmonella enterica serotype Panama to cause especially severe disease in children; laboratory personnel should be aware of the unique need for thiourea buffering when attempting to perform pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis on such strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna V Carlson
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Sarah A Trotter
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Nebraska Public Health Laboratory, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Peter C Iwen
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Nebraska Public Health Laboratory, Omaha, NE, USA
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Carneiro MRP, Patrício MIDA, Jain S, Rodrigues DDP, Fracalanzza SEL. Meningitis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Panama in Brazil: first case reported. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018; 51:244-246. [PMID: 29768564 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0367-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella infections usually occur as gastroenteritis that is generally self-limited. However, some serotypes of Salmonella can cause severe extra-intestinal infections, such as bacteremia and meningitis. Here, we report the first Salmonella Panama case of meningitis in 4-month-old male newborn in Brazil. The invasive strain isolated was susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. The genes agfA, fimA, invA, sfbA, phoP, and slyA were detected using polymerase chain reactions. These findings are relevant and physicians should be alert to the possibility of meningitis in newborns due to S. Panama, which can present a high rate of mortality or recurrence of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sona Jain
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Dalia Dos Prazeres Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Complete Genome and Methylome Sequences of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Panama (ATCC 7378) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Sloterdijk (ATCC 15791). GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/2/e00133-16. [PMID: 26988049 PMCID: PMC4796128 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00133-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica spp. are pathogenic bacteria commonly associated with food-borne outbreaks in human and animals. Salmonella enterica spp. are characterized into more than 2,500 different serotypes, which makes epidemiological surveillance and outbreak control more difficult. In this report, we announce the first complete genome and methylome sequences from two Salmonella type strains associated with food-borne outbreaks, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Panama (ATCC 7378) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Sloterdijk (ATCC 15791).
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Tuan ÐQ, Hung PH, Mai PX, Hao TK, Ha CV, Luong ND, Son NH, Lien NTN, Yamanaka J, Sato N, Matsushita T. Salmonella meningitis: a report from National Hue Central Hospital, Vietnam. Jpn J Infect Dis 2014; 68:30-2. [PMID: 25420651 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2014.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Four Vietnamese infants who survived infection with Salmonella meningitis are reported. A female infant who experienced relapse recovered without complications and another had neurological sequellae. The remaining 2 infants survived without complications. The initial treatment was chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone, whereas a change of antibiotics to imipenem and fluoroquinolone was required for 2 infants. Fluoroquinolone may be a treatment option in patients with Salmonella meningitis who experience complications even though the drug is contraindicated for the pediatric age group.
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Keim SA, Hogan JS, McNamara KA, Gudimetla V, Dillon CE, Kwiek JJ, Geraghty SR. Microbial contamination of human milk purchased via the Internet. Pediatrics 2013; 132:e1227-35. [PMID: 24144714 PMCID: PMC4530303 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-1687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify microbial contamination of human milk purchased via the Internet as an indicator of disease risk to recipient infants. METHODS Cross-sectional sample of human milk purchased via a popular US milk-sharing Web site (2012). Individuals advertising milk were contacted to arrange purchase, and milk was shipped to a rented mailbox in Ohio. The Internet milk samples (n = 101) were compared with unpasteurized samples of milk donated to a milk bank (n = 20). RESULTS Most (74%) Internet milk samples were colonized with Gram-negative bacteria or had >10(4) colony-forming units/mL total aerobic count. They exhibited higher mean total aerobic, total Gram-negative, coliform, and Staphylococcus sp counts than milk bank samples. Growth of most species was positively associated with days in transit (total aerobic count [log10 colony-forming units/mL] β = 0.71 [95% confidence interval: 0.38-1.05]), and negatively associated with number of months since the milk was expressed (β = -0.36 [95% confidence interval: -0.55 to -0.16]), per simple linear regression. No samples were HIV type 1 RNA-positive; 21% of Internet samples were cytomegalovirus DNA-positive. CONCLUSIONS Human milk purchased via the Internet exhibited high overall bacterial growth and frequent contamination with pathogenic bacteria, reflecting poor collection, storage, or shipping practices. Infants consuming this milk are at risk for negative outcomes, particularly if born preterm or are medically compromised. Increased use of lactation support services may begin to address the milk supply gap for women who want to feed their child human milk but cannot meet his or her needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Keim
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio;,Division of Epidemiology, and,Departments of Pediatrics
| | | | - Kelly A. McNamara
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Chelsea E. Dillon
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jesse J. Kwiek
- Microbial Infection and Immunity, and,Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Sheela R. Geraghty
- Cincinnati Children’s Center for Breastfeeding Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Fomda BA, Charoo BA, Bhat JA, Reyaz N, Maroof P, Naik MI. Recurrent meningitis due to Salmonella enteritidis: a case report from Kashmir India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013. [PMID: 23183477 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent bacterial meningitis in children is potentially life-threatening and induces psychological trauma to the patients through repeated hospitalization. Here we report a case of recurrent meningitis in a one month old baby. The CSF and blood culture grew Salmonella enteritidis. Injection ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were given for 3 weeks. Baby became symptomatically better and was afebrile at discharge. Twenty eight days after discharge baby got readmitted with complaints of fever and refusal of feeds. Blood and CSF culture again showed growth of Salmonella enteritidis. Physicians should be educated about the possibility of recurrence which may occur days or even weeks after apparent successful antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Fomda
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, India
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Nimir AR, Ibrahim R, Ibrahim IAA. Salmonella meningitis in a paediatric patient caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Houtenae. BMJ Case Rep 2011; 2011:bcr.04.2011.4096. [PMID: 22689601 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.04.2011.4096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors report a case of a 6-week-old baby girl who was admitted to the paediatric ward due to a high fever for 2 days. The patient experienced three fits which took place while in the ward. A brain sonogram showed subdural heterogeneous collection consistent with focal empyema; however, no hydrocephalus or infarction was detected. An urgent Burr hole procedure was performed to remove the collected pus. Both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture grew Salmonella species which remain sensitive to some antibiotics. This strain was sent to the institute of medical research (IMR) for serotyping. The patient was treated with intravenous combination of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin for 3 weeks. One week later, IMR sent results that identified the strain as Salmonella enterica serotype Houtenae. Following antibiotic treatment, repeat ultrasound illustrated an improvement of the subdural empyema, and the gram stain of the CSF specimen failed to isolate bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Rashad Nimir
- Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya, Malaysia.
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Huang LJ, Cui J, Piao HH, Hong Y, Choy HE, Ryu PY. Molecular cloning and characterization of clyA genes in various serotypes of Salmonella enterica. J Microbiol 2010; 48:663-7. [PMID: 21046345 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-010-9268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytolysin A (ClyA) is a pore-forming hemolytic protein encoded by the clyA gene. It has been identified in Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A. To identify and characterize the clyA genes in various Salmonella enterica strains, 21 different serotypes of strains isolated from clinical specimens were presently examined. Full-length clyA genes were found in S. enterica serovar Brandenburg, Indiana, Panama, and Schwarzengrund strains by polymerase chain reaction amplification. The ClyA proteins from these four strains showed >97% amino acid identity to that of S. enterica serovar Typhi. Although all four serovars expressed detectable levels of ClyA as determined by Western blot analysis, they did not show a strong hemolytic effect on blood agar, indicating that ClyA may not be efficiently expressed or secreted. Escherichia coli transformed with clyA genes from the four serovars enhanced production of ClyA proteins and hemolytic activities to a level similar to S. enterica serovar Typhi ClyA. The present results suggest that ClyA may play a role in the pathogenesis of S. enterica serovar Brandenburg, Indiana, Panama and Schwarzengrund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ji Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Noël H, Hofhuis A, De Jonge R, Heuvelink AE, De Jong A, Heck ME, De Jager C, van Pelt W. Consumption of Fresh Fruit Juice: How a Healthy Food Practice Caused a National Outbreak ofSalmonellaPanama Gastroenteritis. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010; 7:375-81. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2009.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Harold Noël
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agnetha Hofhuis
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rob De Jonge
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Annet E. Heuvelink
- Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (VWA), Zutphen, The Netherlands
| | - Aarieke De Jong
- Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (VWA), Zutphen, The Netherlands
| | - Max E.O.C. Heck
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien De Jager
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfrid van Pelt
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Levin RE. The Use of Molecular Methods for Detecting and DiscriminatingSalmonellaAssociated with Foods — A Review. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/08905430903320982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Report of neonatal meningitis due to Salmonella enterica serotype Agona and review of breast milk-associated neonatal Salmonella infections. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:3045-9. [PMID: 19605582 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01064-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the first documented case of Salmonella enterica serotype Agona meningitis in a 6-day-old baby. S. enterica serotype Agona was isolated concurrently from infant cerebrospinal fluid and parental fecal samples, and Salmonella was isolated from breast milk. The role of breast milk in transmission of Salmonella enterica is discussed.
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Guillaumat C, Dang-Duy TL, Levy C, Cohen R, Leblanc A. Méningites à salmonelles du nouveau-né et du nourrisson. Intérêt des fluoroquinolones. Arch Pediatr 2008; 15 Suppl 3:S161-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)75501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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