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Tang J, Zou SM, Zhou JF, Gao RB, Xin L, Zeng XX, Huang WJ, Li XY, Cheng YH, Liu LQ, Xiao N, Wang DY. R229I substitution from oseltamivir induction in HA1 region significantly increased the fitness of a H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2373314. [PMID: 38922326 PMCID: PMC467099 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2373314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The proportion of human isolates with reduced neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) susceptibility in highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N9 virus was high. These drug-resistant strains showed good replication capacity without serious loss of fitness. In the presence of oseltamivir, R229I substitution were found in HA1 region of the HPAI H7N9 virus before NA R292K appeared. HPAI H7N9 or H7N9/PR8 recombinant viruses were developed to study whether HA R229I could increase the fitness of the H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Replication efficiency was assessed in MDCK or A549 cells. Neuraminidase enzyme activity and receptor-binding ability were analyzed. Pathogenicity in C57 mice was evaluated. Antigenicity analysis was conducted through a two-way HI test, in which the antiserum was obtained from immunized ferrets. Transcriptomic analysis of MDCK infected with HPAI H7N9 24hpi was done. It turned out that HA R229I substitution from oseltamivir induction in HA1 region increased (1) replication ability in MDCK(P < 0.05) and A549(P < 0.05), (2) neuraminidase enzyme activity, (3) binding ability to both α2,3 and α2,6 receptor, (4) pathogenicity to mice(more weight loss; shorter mean survival day; viral titer in respiratory tract, P < 0.05; Pathological changes in pneumonia), (5) transcriptome response of MDCK, of the H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Besides, HA R229I substitution changed the antigenicity of H7N9/PR8 virus (>4-fold difference of HI titre). It indicated that through the fine-tuning of HA-NA balance, R229I increased the fitness and changed the antigenicity of H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Public health attention to this mechanism needs to be drawn.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Oseltamivir/pharmacology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/pathogenicity
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/physiology
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/metabolism
- Dogs
- Virus Replication/drug effects
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Humans
- Mice
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- A549 Cells
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Ferrets
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism
- Female
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Mei Zou
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fang Zhou
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong-Bao Gao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Xin
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xu Zeng
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Juan Huang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Yan Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hui Cheng
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Qi Liu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Xiao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da-Yan Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Chen D, Su W, Choy KT, Chu YS, Lin CH, Yen HL. High throughput profiling identified PA-L106R amino acid substitution in A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus that confers reduced susceptibility to baloxavir in vitro. Antiviral Res 2024; 229:105961. [PMID: 39002800 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Baloxavir acid (BXA) is a pan-influenza antiviral that targets the cap-dependent endonuclease of the polymerase acidic (PA) protein required for viral mRNA synthesis. To gain a comprehensive understanding on the molecular changes associated with reduced susceptibility to BXA and their fitness profile, we performed a deep mutational scanning at the PA endonuclease domain of an A (H1N1)pdm09 virus. The recombinant virus libraries were serially passaged in vitro under increasing concentrations of BXA followed by next-generation sequencing to monitor PA amino acid substitutions with increased detection frequencies. Enriched PA amino acid changes were each introduced into a recombinant A (H1N1)pdm09 virus to validate their effect on BXA susceptibility and viral replication fitness in vitro. The I38 T/M substitutions known to confer reduced susceptibility to BXA were invariably detected from recombinant virus libraries within 5 serial passages. In addition, we identified a novel L106R substitution that emerged in the third passage and conferred greater than 10-fold reduced susceptibility to BXA. PA-L106 is highly conserved among seasonal influenza A and B viruses. Compared to the wild-type virus, the L106R substitution resulted in reduced polymerase activity and a minor reduction of the peak viral load, suggesting the amino acid change may result in moderate fitness loss. Our results support the use of deep mutational scanning as a practical tool to elucidate genotype-phenotype relationships, including mapping amino acid substitutions with reduced susceptibility to antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Chen
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen Su
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka-Tim Choy
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan Sing Chu
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Ho Lin
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui-Ling Yen
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Li YY, Liang GD, Chen ZX, Zhang K, Liang JL, Jiang LR, Yang SZ, Jiang F, Liu SW, Yang J. A small molecule compound targeting hemagglutinin inhibits influenza A virus and exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01331-7. [PMID: 38987389 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a widespread pathogen that poses a significant threat to human health, causing pandemics with high mortality and pathogenicity. Given the emergence of increasingly drug-resistant strains of IAV, currently available antiviral drugs have been reported to be inadequate to meet clinical demands. Therefore, continuous exploration of safe, effective and broad-spectrum antiviral medications is urgently required. Here, we found that the small molecule compound J1 exhibited low toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, J1 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against enveloped viruses, including IAV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2. In this study, we explored the inhibitory effects and mechanism of action of J1 on IAV in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that J1 inhibited infection by IAV strains, including H1N1, H7N9, H5N1 and H3N2, as well as by oseltamivir-resistant strains. Mechanistic studies have shown that J1 blocks IAV infection mainly through specific interactions with the influenza virus hemagglutinin HA2 subunit, thereby blocking membrane fusion. BALB/c mice were used to establish a model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by IAV. Treatment with J1 increased survival rates and reduced viral titers, lung index and lung inflammatory damage in virus-infected mice. In conclusion, J1 possesses significant anti-IAV effects in vitro and in vivo, providing insights into the development of broad-spectrum antivirals against future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yan Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guo-Dong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Candidate Drug Design and Screening Based on Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Zhi-Xuan Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbio and Infectious Disease Prevention & Control in Guizhou Province/Institute of Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jin-Long Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lin-Rui Jiang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Si-Zu Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shu-Wen Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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4
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Tang C, Carrera Montoya J, Fritzlar S, Flavel M, Londrigan SL, Mackenzie JM. Polyphenol rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) has potential antiviral activity against influenza A virus in vitro. Virology 2024; 590:109969. [PMID: 38118269 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is one of the major global public health concerns but the emerging resistance of IAV to currently available antivirals requires the need to identify potential alternatives. Polyphenol rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) is an extract prepared from the sugarcane plant Saccharum Officinarum. Herein we aimed to determine if PRSE had antiviral activity against IAV. We showed that treatment of IAV-infected cells with PRSE results in a dose-dependent inhibition of virus infection at concentrations that were non-cytotoxic. PRSE treatment limited the early stages of infection, reducing viral genome replication, mRNA transcription and viral protein expression. PRSE did not affect the ability of IAV to bind sialic acid or change the morphology of viral particles. Additionally, PRSE treatment attenuated the replication of multiple IAV strains of the H3N2 and H1N1 subtype. In conclusion, we show that PRSE displays antiviral activity against a broad range of IAV strains, in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caolingzhi Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Julio Carrera Montoya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Svenja Fritzlar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Matthew Flavel
- The Product Makers (Australia) Pty Ltd, Keysborough, VIC, 3173, Australia
| | - Sarah L Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Jason M Mackenzie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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Hickerson BT, Huang BK, Petrovskaya SN, Ilyushina NA. Genomic Analysis of Influenza A and B Viruses Carrying Baloxavir Resistance-Associated Substitutions Serially Passaged in Human Epithelial Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:2446. [PMID: 38140689 PMCID: PMC10748225 DOI: 10.3390/v15122446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) is an FDA-approved inhibitor of the influenza virus polymerase acidic (PA) protein. Here, we used next-generation sequencing to compare the genomic mutational profiles of IAV H1N1 and H3N2, and IBV wild type (WT) and mutants (MUT) viruses carrying baloxavir resistance-associated substitutions (H1N1-PA I38L, I38T, and E199D; H3N2-PA I38T; and IBV-PA I38T) during passaging in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. We determined the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide mutations (dN/dS) and identified the location and type of amino acid (AA) substitutions that occurred at a frequency of ≥30%. We observed that IAV H1N1 WT and MUT viruses remained relatively stable during passaging. While the mutational profiles for IAV H1N1 I38L, I38T, and E199D, and IBV I38T MUTs were relatively similar after each passage compared to the respective WTs, the mutational profile of the IAV H3N2 I38T MUT was significantly different for most genes compared to H3N2 WT. Our work provides insight into how baloxavir resistance-associated substitutions may impact influenza virus evolution in natural settings. Further characterization of the potentially adaptive mutations identified in this study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady T. Hickerson
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Bruce K. Huang
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Svetlana N. Petrovskaya
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research III, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Natalia A. Ilyushina
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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