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Zhou G, Zhang L, Shao S. The application of MARCO for immune regulation and treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:246. [PMID: 38300385 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage receptor with collagen structure (MARCO) is a member of scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) and shares structural and functional similarities with SR-A1. In recent years, many studies have shown that MARCO can trigger an immune response and has therapeutic potential as a target for immunotherapy. Studies have shown that alterations in MARCO expression following pathogen infection cause changes in the functions of innate and adaptive immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells, affecting the body's immune response to invading pathogens; thus, MARCO plays a crucial role in triggering the immune response, bridging innate and adaptive immunity, and eliminating pathogens. This paper is a comprehensive summary of the recent research on MARCO. This review focuses on the multiple functions of MARCO, including adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, and cytokine secretion with special emphasis on the complex interactions between MARCO and various types of cells involved in the immune response, as well as possible immune-related mechanisms. In summary, in this review, we discuss the structure and function of MARCO and its role in the immune response and highlight the therapeutic potential of MARCO as a target for immunotherapy. We hope that this review provides a theoretical basis for future research on MARCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyuan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shijiazhuang Vocational College of City Economy, No. 12, Wenming Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Suxia Shao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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Fierro NA, Rivera-Toledo E, Ávila-Horta F, Anaya-Covarrubias JY, Mendlovic F. Scavenger Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Viral Infections. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:175-191. [PMID: 35319302 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptors (SR) are not only pattern recognition receptors involved in the immune response against pathogens but are also important receptors exploited by different virus to enter host cells, and thus represent targets for antiviral therapy. The high mutation rates of viruses, as well as their small genomes are partly responsible for the high rates of virus resistance and effective treatments remain a challenge. Most currently approved formulations target viral-encoded factors. Nevertheless, host proteins may function as additional targets. Thus, there is a need to explore and develop new strategies aiming at cellular factors involved in virus replication and host cell entry. SR-virus interactions have implications in the pathogenesis of several viral diseases and in adenovirus-based vaccination and gene transfer technologies, and may function as markers of severe progression. Inhibition of SR could reduce adenoviral uptake and improve gene therapy and vaccination, as well as reduce pathogenesis. In this review, we will examine the crucial role of SR play in cell entry of different types of human virus, which will allow us to further understand their role in protection and pathogenesis and its potential as antiviral molecules. The recent discovery of SR-B1 as co-factor of SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) entry is also discussed. Further fundamental research is essential to understand molecular interactions in the dynamic virus-host cell interplay through SR for rational design of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A Fierro
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Evelyn Rivera-Toledo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Ávila-Horta
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Fela Mendlovic
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Huixquilucan, Estado de México, Mexico
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Han H, Wang L, Xu S, Wang S, Yang M, Han C, Qin Q, Wei S. Characterization of scavenger receptor MARCO in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:446-454. [PMID: 35218969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) is a scavenger receptor that plays a crucial role in the immune response against microbial infections. To clarify the roles of fish MARCO in Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) infection, we identified and characterized Ec-MARCO in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The Ec-MARCO encoded a 370-amino acid protein with transmembrane region, coiled coil region and SR domain, which shared high identities with reported MARCO. The abundant transcriptional level of Ec-MARCO was found in spleen, head kidney and blood. And the Ec-MARCO expression was significantly up-regulated in grouper spleen (GS) cells after infection with SGIV in vitro. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that Ec-MARCO was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane. Ec-MARCO knockdown in vitro significantly inhibited SGIV infection in GS cells, as evidenced by reduced decreased SGIV major capsid protein (MCP) transcription and MCP protein expression. Further studies showed that Ec-MARCO knockdown positively regulated proinflammatory cytokines and interferon-stimulated genes, and enhanced IFN and ISRE promoter activities. However, overexpression of Ec-MARCO did not affect SGIV entry into host cells. In summary, our results suggested that Ec-MARCO affected SGIV infection by regulating antiviral innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Han
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Suifeng Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Min Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chengzong Han
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Shina Wei
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Damour A, Garcia M, Seneschal J, Lévêque N, Bodet C. Eczema Herpeticum: Clinical and Pathophysiological Aspects. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 59:1-18. [PMID: 31836943 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-019-08768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in the world. AD is a complex pathology mainly characterized by an impaired skin barrier, immune response dysfunction, and unbalanced skin microbiota. Moreover, AD patients exhibit an increased risk of developing bacterial and viral infections. One of the most current, and potentially life-threatening, viral infection is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), which occurs in about 3% of AD patients under the name of eczema herpeticum (EH). Following a first part dedicated to the clinical features, virological diagnosis, and current treatments of EH, this review will focus on the description of the pathophysiology and, more particularly, the presently known predisposing factors to herpetic complications in AD patients. These factors include those related to impairment of the skin barrier such as deficit in filaggrin and anomalies in tight and adherens junctions. In addition, low production of the antimicrobial peptides cathelicidin LL-37 and human β-defensins; overexpression of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP); or downregulation of type I to III interferons as well as defect in functions of immune cells such as dendritic, natural killer, and regulatory T cells have been involved. Otherwise, genetic polymorphisms and AD topical calcineurin inhibitor treatments have been associated with an increased risk of EH. Finally, dysbiosis of skin microbiota characterized in AD patients by Staphylococcus aureus colonization and toxin secretion, such as α-toxin, has been described as promoting HSV replication and could therefore contribute to EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Damour
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Magali Garcia
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Mycobactériologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Julien Seneschal
- INSERM U1035, BMGIC, Immuno-dermatologie ATIP-AVENIR, Bordeaux, France.,Département de Dermatologie and Dermatologie Pédiatrique, Centre national de référence pour les maladies rares de la peau, Hôpital Saint-André, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Lévêque
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Mycobactériologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Charles Bodet
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
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Ranjbar Z, Zahed M, Ranjbar MA, Shirmardan Z. Comparative study of serum zinc concentration in recurrent herpes labialis patients and healthy individuals. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:296. [PMID: 33115470 PMCID: PMC7594280 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) is a common recurrent infective vesiculoulcerative disease. Topical and systemic administration of Zinc compounds has been indicated to have preventive and therapeutic effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum level of zinc in the patients with RHL and healthy individuals and also to investigate the correlation of this level with various parameters of the patient and disease course. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 43 patients with a history of recurrent herpers labialis and 42 subjects without any previous experience of the lesion. Blood samples were taken, and serum zinc level was measured using colorimetry (spectrophotometry) method. Chi-Square test was used to compare the qualitative relationships, and for comparing the quantitative relationships, independent T-test was used. To observe the relationship of quantitative factors including serum zinc level, the number of relapses, and recovery rates, correlation test was taken. RESULTS The results show that, serum zinc level has no significant difference between healthy subjects and the patients (p > 0.05). Also, zinc level was not related to age and sex factors and frequency of relapse (p > 0.05). However surprisingly, there was a significant relationship between zinc level and recovery period in the RHL patients. The lower the serum zinc level, the higher the duration of recovery (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that, zinc deficiency can be considered as a risk factor for increasing the duration of herpes labialis lesions. Therefore, the evaluation of serum zinc level in the subjects with RHL and subsequent administration of zinc are recommended in these kind of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ranjbar
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahed
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ranjbar
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Shirmardan
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sitarek P, Merecz-Sadowska A, Kowalczyk T, Wieczfinska J, Zajdel R, Śliwiński T. Potential Synergistic Action of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Extracts against Skin Infecting Microorganisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145105. [PMID: 32707732 PMCID: PMC7403983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is an important organ that acts as a physical barrier to the outer environment. It is rich in immune cells such as keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, mast cells, and T cells, which provide the first line of defense mechanisms against numerous pathogens by activating both the innate and adaptive response. Cutaneous immunological processes may be stimulated or suppressed by numerous plant extracts via their immunomodulatory properties. Several plants are rich in bioactive molecules; many of these exert antimicrobial, antiviral, and antifungal effects. The present study describes the impact of plant extracts on the modulation of skin immunity, and their antimicrobial effects against selected skin invaders. Plant products remain valuable counterparts to modern pharmaceuticals and may be used to alleviate numerous skin disorders, including infected wounds, herpes, and tineas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wieczfinska
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
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Xiao Y, Chen B, Yang K, Wang Q, Liu P, Gu Y, Zhong Q, Liu Z, He Y, Liu Q. Down-regulation of MARCO associates with tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111542. [PMID: 31381879 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality due to lack of early diagnostic methods and effective treatments, and the molecular mechanisms are intricate and remain unclear. In the present study, the role of macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) in tumor advancement of HCC was investigated. We examined expression level of MARCO in HCC samples, corresponding adjacent nontumor tissues and six hepatoma cell lines by polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Clinical information of HCC patients was also analyzed. The role of MARCO involved in HCC progression via multiple functional experiments in vitro and in vivo was investigated. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to further explore biological functions of MARCO. We found MARCO was suggestively down-regulated in HCC and associated with favorable prognosis, and MARCO upregulation oppressed tumor cell migration and invasion. Besides, overexpression of MARCO not only promoted apoptosis of hepatoma cells but also suppressed proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis suggested that MARCO may be related to the P53 signaling pathway, and this prediction was confirmed in this study as well. In sum, our study indicated that MARCO was involved in HCC progression and it can be defined as a novel probable biomarker as well as treatment target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Baiyang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Quanxiong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Zhisu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Yueming He
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China.
| | - Quanyan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China.
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