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Rahangdale R, Ghormode P, Tender T, Balireddy S, Birangal S, Kishore R, Mohammad FS, Pasupuleti M, Chandrashekar H R. Anti-HSV activity of nectin-1-derived peptides targeting HSV gD: an in-silico and in-vitro approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38720617 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2349525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections affect a wide range of the global population. The emergence of resistance to the existing anti-HSV therapy highlights the necessity for an innovative strategy. The interaction of HSV gD with its main host receptor nectin-1 is a potential target for new antiviral drugs. The aim of this study was to develop a peptide derived from nectin-1 targeting HSV gD using the in-silico method and evaluate them for anti-HSV activity. Residues 59-133 of the Nectin-1 V-domain constitute the interaction interface with HSV gD. Bioinformatic tools viz., PEP-FOLD3, ClusPro 2.0, HawkDock and Desmond were used to model the peptide and confirm its binding specificity with HSV gD protein. The peptides with potential interactions were custom synthesized and anti-HSV activity was evaluated in vitro against HSV-1 and HSV-2 by CPE inhibition assay. Five peptide sequences were identified as exhibiting good interaction with HSV-gD proteins. Among them, peptide N1 (residues 76-90) offered maximum protection against HSV-1 (66.57%) and HSV-2 (71.12%) infections. Modification of the identified peptide through peptidomimetic approaches may further enhance the activity and stability of the identified peptide.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Rahangdale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Parnavi Ghormode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Tenzin Tender
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sridevi Balireddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sumit Birangal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raj Kishore
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Fayaz Shaik Mohammad
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Mukesh Pasupuleti
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Raghu Chandrashekar H
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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2
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Ricklin D, Lambris JD. Compstatin: a complement inhibitor on its way to clinical application. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2008; 632:273-92. [PMID: 19025129 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78952-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic modulation of the human complement system is considered a promising approach for treating a number of pathological conditions. Owing to its central position in the cascade, component C3 is a particularly attractive target for complement-specific drugs. Compstatin, a cyclic tridecapeptide, which was originally discovered from phage-display libraries, is a highly potent and selective C3 inhibitor that demonstrated clinical potential in a series of experimental models. A combination of chemical, biophysical, and computational approaches allowed a remarkable optimization of its binding affinity towards C3 and its inhibitory potency. With the recent announcement of clinical trials with a compstatin analog for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration, another important milestone has been reached on its way to a drug. Furthermore, the release of a co-crystal structure of compstatin with C3c allows a detailed insight into the binding mode and paves the way to the rational design of peptides and mimetics with improved activity. Considering the new incentives and the promising pre-clinical results, compstatin seems to be well equipped for the challenges on its way to a clinical therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ricklin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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3
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Cheung TC, Humphreys IR, Potter KG, Norris PS, Shumway HM, Tran BR, Patterson G, Jean-Jacques R, Yoon M, Spear PG, Murphy KM, Lurain NS, Benedict CA, Ware CF. Evolutionarily divergent herpesviruses modulate T cell activation by targeting the herpesvirus entry mediator cosignaling pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:13218-23. [PMID: 16131544 PMCID: PMC1201609 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0506172102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), a member of the TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamily, can act as a molecular switch that modulates T cell activation by propagating positive signals from the TNF-related ligand LIGHT (TNFR superfamily 14), or inhibitory signals through the Ig superfamily member B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). Competitive binding analysis and mutagenesis reveals a unique BTLA binding site centered on a critical lysine residue in cysteine-rich domain 1 of HVEM. The BTLA binding site on HVEM overlaps with the binding site for the herpes simplex virus 1 envelope glycoprotein D, but is distinct from where LIGHT binds, yet glycoprotein D inhibits the binding of both ligands, potentially nullifying the pathway. The binding site on HVEM for BTLA is conserved in the orphan TNFR, UL144, present in human CMV. UL144 binds BTLA, but not LIGHT, and inhibits T cell proliferation, selectively mimicking the inhibitory cosignaling function of HVEM. The demonstration that distinct herpesviruses target the HVEM-BTLA cosignaling pathway suggests the importance of this pathway in regulating T cell activation during host defenses.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Binding, Competitive
- Cytomegalovirus/immunology
- Cytomegalovirus/physiology
- Herpesviridae/immunology
- Herpesviridae/physiology
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/physiology
- Humans
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/physiology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14
- Receptors, Virus/immunology
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- Receptors, Virus/physiology
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/virology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Cheung
- Division of Molecular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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4
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Kozlov AY, Klimova RR, Shingarova LN, Boldyreva EF, Nekrasova OV, Guryanova SV, Andronova TM, Novikov VV, Kushch AA. Comparison of the Adjuvant Activity for the Glucosaminyl-Muramyl Dipeptide and the Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gene in Gene Immunization against the Herpes Simplex Virus. Mol Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11008-005-0060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Gonzalez LC, Loyet KM, Calemine-Fenaux J, Chauhan V, Wranik B, Ouyang W, Eaton DL. A coreceptor interaction between the CD28 and TNF receptor family members B and T lymphocyte attenuator and herpesvirus entry mediator. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:1116-21. [PMID: 15647361 PMCID: PMC544343 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409071102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cell cosignaling receptors are important modulators of immune cell function. For T cells, cosignaling receptors supply necessary secondary signals supporting activation or attenuation after engagement of antigen-presenting cells. The primary cosignaling receptors belong to either the Ig (CD28-like) or TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamilies. The CD28 family is comprised of coinhibitory and costimulatory receptors. The three coinhibitory receptors are cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed death-1, and B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). Although cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed death-1 interact with B7-Ig family counter receptors, the ligand for BTLA is less clear. From a protein-protein interaction screen, we identified the TNFR family member herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) as a counter receptor for BTLA. Here we show that HVEM binds BTLA with high affinity and can form a ternary complex with its known ligands homologous to lymphotoxin, showing inducible expression, and competing with herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D for HVEM, a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes (LIGHT) or lymphotoxin alpha and BTLA. In addition, binding of HVEM to BTLA attenuates T cell activation, identifying HVEM/BTLA as a coinhibitory receptor pair. This study is a demonstration of a direct interaction between the primary T cell cosignaling receptors of the CD28 and TNFR families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lino C Gonzalez
- Departments of Protein Chemistry and Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080-4918, USA
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6
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Koelle DM, Corey L. Recent progress in herpes simplex virus immunobiology and vaccine research. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003; 16:96-113. [PMID: 12525427 PMCID: PMC145296 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.16.1.96-113.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) cause prevalent, chronic infections that have serious outcomes in some individuals. Neonatal herpes may occur when the infant traverses the cervix during maternal genital herpes. Genital herpes is a major risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission. Considerable efforts have been made to design and test vaccines for HSV, focusing on genital infection with HSV-2. Several protein subunit vaccines based on HSV-2 envelope glycoproteins have reached advanced-phase clinical trials. These antigens were chosen because they are the targets of neutralizing-antibody responses and because they elicit cellular immunity. Encouraging results have been reported in studies of treatment of HSV-seronegative women with a vaccine consisting of truncated glycoprotein D of HSV-2 and a novel adjuvant. Because most sexual HSV transmission occurs during asymptomatic shedding, it is important to evaluate the impact of vaccination on HSV-2 infection, clinically apparent genital herpes, and HSV shedding among vaccine recipients who acquire infection. There are several other attractive formats, including subunit vaccines that target cellular immune responses, live attenuated virus strains, and mutant strains that undergo incomplete lytic replication. HSV vaccines have also been evaluated for the immunotherapy of established HSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Koelle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
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7
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Connolly SA, Landsburg DJ, Carfi A, Wiley DC, Eisenberg RJ, Cohen GH. Structure-based analysis of the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D binding site present on herpesvirus entry mediator HveA (HVEM). J Virol 2002; 76:10894-904. [PMID: 12368332 PMCID: PMC136654 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.21.10894-10904.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) envelope glycoprotein D (gD) to a cell surface receptor is an essential step of virus entry. We recently determined the crystal structure of gD bound to one receptor, HveA. HveA is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and contains four characteristic cysteine-rich domains (CRDs). The first two CRDs of HveA are necessary and sufficient for gD binding. The structure of the gD-HveA complex reveals that 17 amino acids in HveA CRD1 and 4 amino acids in HveA CRD2 directly contact gD. To determine the contribution of these 21 HveA residues to virus entry, we constructed forms of HveA mutated in each of these contact residues. We determined the ability of the mutant proteins to bind gD, facilitate virus entry, and form HveA oligomers. Our results point to a binding hot spot centered around HveA-Y23, a residue that protrudes into a crevice on the surface of gD. Both the hydroxyl group and phenyl group of HveA-Y23 contribute to HSV entry. Our results also suggest that an intermolecular beta-sheet formed between gD and HveA residues 35 to 37 contributes to binding and that a C37-C19 disulfide bond in CRD1 is a critical component of HveA structure necessary for gD binding. The results argue that CRD2 is required for gD binding mainly to provide structural support for a gD binding site in CRD1. Only one mutant, HveA-R75A, exhibited enhanced gD binding. While some mutations influenced complex formation, the majority did not affect HSV entry, suggesting that most contact residues contribute to HveA receptor function collectively rather than individually. This structure-based dissection of the gD-HveA binding site highlights the contribution of key residues within HveA to gD binding and HSV entry and defines a target region for the design of small-molecule inhibitors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/chemistry
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14
- Receptors, Virus/chemistry
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- Simplexvirus/metabolism
- Simplexvirus/physiology
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Vero Cells
- Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Connolly
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Abstract
Among the many techniques available to investigators interested in mapping protein-protein interactions is phage display. With a modest amount of effort, time, and cost, one can select peptide ligands to a wide array of targets from phage-display combinatorial peptide libraries. In this article, protocols and examples are provided to guide scientists who wish to identify peptide ligands to their favorite proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Kay
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1532, USA.
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9
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Miller CG, Krummenacher C, Eisenberg RJ, Cohen GH, Fraser NW. Development of a syngenic murine B16 cell line-derived melanoma susceptible to destruction by neuroattenuated HSV-1. Mol Ther 2001; 3:160-8. [PMID: 11237672 DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2000.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HSV-1 ICP34.5 mutants can slow progression of preformed tumors in rodent models. However, the current models available for study are limited due to the lack of a syngenic, low-immunogenic tumor model susceptible to HSV-1. Thus we have developed a new model to determine the role of the immune response in viral-mediated tumor destruction. The human herpesvirus entry (Hve) receptors (HveA, HveB, and HveC) and a control plasmid were transfected into B78H1 murine melanoma cells. Transfection of HveA and HveC conferred sensitivity to HSV-1 to these cells. A10 (HveA), C10 (HveC), and control cells were able to form tumors reproducibly in vivo. The transfection of the receptors into B78H1 cells did not induce a detectable in vivo immunogenicity to the tumors. Finally, A10 and C10 tumor-bearing mice treated with HSV-1 1716 had significant prolongation of survival compared to mock-treated mice. These data suggest that A10 and C10 will be useful as in vivo models for studying the role of the immune response in viral-mediated tumor destruction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Plasmids/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vero Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Miller
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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10
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Barton ES, Connolly JL, Forrest JC, Chappell JD, Dermody TS. Utilization of sialic acid as a coreceptor enhances reovirus attachment by multistep adhesion strengthening. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:2200-11. [PMID: 11054410 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m004680200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many serotype 3 reoviruses bind to two different host cell molecules, sialic acid and an unidentified protein, using discrete receptor-binding domains in viral attachment protein, final sigma1. To determine mechanisms by which these receptor-binding events cooperate to mediate cell attachment, we generated isogenic reovirus strains that differ in the capacity to bind sialic acid. Strain SA+, but not SA-, bound specifically to sialic acid on a biosensor chip with nanomolar avidity. SA+ displayed 5-fold higher avidity for HeLa cells when compared with SA-, although both strains recognized the same proteinaceous receptor. Increased avidity of SA+ binding was mediated by increased k(on). Neuraminidase treatment to remove cell-surface sialic acid decreased the k(on) of SA+ to that of SA-. Increased k(on) of SA+ enhanced an infectious attachment process, since SA+ was 50-100-fold more efficient than SA- at infecting HeLa cells in a kinetic fluorescent focus assay. Sialic acid binding was operant early during SA+ attachment, since the capacity of soluble sialyllactose to inhibit infection decreased rapidly during the first 20 min of adsorption. These results indicate that reovirus binding to sialic acid enhances virus infection through adhesion of virus to the cell surface where access to a proteinaceous receptor is thermodynamically favored.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Barton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2581, USA
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Sarrias MR, Whitbeck JC, Rooney I, Ware CF, Eisenberg RJ, Cohen GH, Lambris JD. The three HveA receptor ligands, gD, LT-alpha and LIGHT bind to distinct sites on HveA. Mol Immunol 2000; 37:665-73. [PMID: 11164894 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-5890(00)00089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The herpes virus entry mediator A (HveA), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, interacts with three different protein ligands; lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha) and LIGHT (LIGHT stands for lymphotoxin homolog, which exhibits inducible expression and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for HveA and is expressed on T-lymphocytes) from the host and the herpes simplex virus (HSV) surface glycoprotein gD. It has been reported that the gD binding site on HveA is located within the receptor's two N-terminal CRP domains, and that gD and LIGHT compete for their binding to HveA. However, whether these ligands interact with the same or different sites on the receptor is unclear. We analyzed and compared the sites of interaction between HveA and its TNF ligands, by using two recombinant forms of the receptor, comprising the full-receptor ectodomain (HveA (200t)) and its two first CRP domains (HveA (120t)), as well as several monoclonal antibodies recognizing HveA. Two HveA peptide ligands (BP-1 and BP-2) that differentially inhibit binding of soluble gD and LT-alpha to the receptor were also used to demonstrate that gD, LIGHT and LT-alpha bind to distinct sites on the receptor. Our results suggest that binding of a ligand to HveA may alter the conformation of this receptor, thereby affecting its interaction with its other ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Sarrias
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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