1
|
Jiao JY, Ma SC, Salam N, Zhou Z, Lian ZH, Fu L, Chen Y, Peng CH, OuYang YT, Fan H, Li L, Yi Y, Zhang JY, Wang JY, Liu L, Gao L, Oren A, Woyke T, Dodsworth JA, Hedlund BP, Li WJ, Cheng L. Cultivation of novel Atribacterota from oil well provides new insight into their diversity, ecology, and evolution in anoxic, carbon-rich environments. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:123. [PMID: 38971798 PMCID: PMC11227167 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Atribacterota are widely distributed in the subsurface biosphere. Recently, the first Atribacterota isolate was described and the number of Atribacterota genome sequences retrieved from environmental samples has increased significantly; however, their diversity, physiology, ecology, and evolution remain poorly understood. RESULTS We report the isolation of the second member of Atribacterota, Thermatribacter velox gen. nov., sp. nov., within a new family Thermatribacteraceae fam. nov., and the short-term laboratory cultivation of a member of the JS1 lineage, Phoenicimicrobium oleiphilum HX-OS.bin.34TS, both from a terrestrial oil reservoir. Physiological and metatranscriptomics analyses showed that Thermatribacter velox B11T and Phoenicimicrobium oleiphilum HX-OS.bin.34TS ferment sugars and n-alkanes, respectively, producing H2, CO2, and acetate as common products. Comparative genomics showed that all members of the Atribacterota lack a complete Wood-Ljungdahl Pathway (WLP), but that the Reductive Glycine Pathway (RGP) is widespread, indicating that the RGP, rather than WLP, is a central hub in Atribacterota metabolism. Ancestral character state reconstructions and phylogenetic analyses showed that key genes encoding the RGP (fdhA, fhs, folD, glyA, gcvT, gcvPAB, pdhD) and other central functions were gained independently in the two classes, Atribacteria (OP9) and Phoenicimicrobiia (JS1), after which they were inherited vertically; these genes included fumarate-adding enzymes (faeA; Phoenicimicrobiia only), the CODH/ACS complex (acsABCDE), and diverse hydrogenases (NiFe group 3b, 4b and FeFe group A3, C). Finally, we present genome-resolved community metabolic models showing the central roles of Atribacteria (OP9) and Phoenicimicrobiia (JS1) in acetate- and hydrocarbon-rich environments. CONCLUSION Our findings expand the knowledge of the diversity, physiology, ecology, and evolution of the phylum Atribacterota. This study is a starting point for promoting more incisive studies of their syntrophic biology and may guide the rational design of strategies to cultivate them in the laboratory. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Chun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Nimaichand Salam
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Zhuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Han Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fu
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Hui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting OuYang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yi
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Aharon Oren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Tanja Woyke
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California Merced, Life and Environmental Sciences, Merced, CA, USA
| | | | - Brian P Hedlund
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu J, Li DW, He X, Liu R, Cheng H, Su C, Chen M, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Xu H, Cheng Z, Wang Z, Pedentchouk N, Lea-Smith DJ, Todd JD, Liu X, Zhao M, Zhang XH. A unique subseafloor microbiosphere in the Mariana Trench driven by episodic sedimentation. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 6:168-181. [PMID: 38433963 PMCID: PMC10902237 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-023-00212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Hadal trenches are characterized by enhanced and infrequent high-rate episodic sedimentation events that likely introduce not only labile organic carbon and key nutrients but also new microbes that significantly alter the subseafloor microbiosphere. Currently, the role of high-rate episodic sedimentation in controlling the composition of the hadal subseafloor microbiosphere is unknown. Here, analyses of carbon isotope composition in a ~ 750 cm long sediment core from the Challenger Deep revealed noncontinuous deposition, with anomalous 14C ages likely caused by seismically driven mass transport and the funneling effect of trench geomorphology. Microbial community composition and diverse enzyme activities in the upper ~ 27 cm differed from those at lower depths, probably due to sudden sediment deposition and differences in redox condition and organic matter availability. At lower depths, microbial population numbers, and composition remained relatively constant, except at some discrete depths with altered enzyme activity and microbial phyla abundance, possibly due to additional sudden sedimentation events of different magnitude. Evidence is provided of a unique role for high-rate episodic sedimentation events in controlling the subsurface microbiosphere in Earth's deepest ocean floor and highlight the need to perform thorough analysis over a large depth range to characterize hadal benthic populations. Such depositional processes are likely crucial in shaping deep-water geochemical environments and thereby the deep subseafloor biosphere. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-023-00212-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Xinxin He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Haojin Cheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Chenglong Su
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Mengna Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education/College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Zhongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education/Research Vessel Centre, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Hanyue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Zhangyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Nikolai Pedentchouk
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - David J. Lea-Smith
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Jonathan D. Todd
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Xiaoshou Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Meixun Zhao
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jitsuno K, Hoshino T, Nishikawa Y, Kogawa M, Mineta K, Strasser M, Ikehara K, Everest J, Maeda L, Inagaki F, Takeyama H. Comparative single-cell genomics of Atribacterota JS1 in the Japan Trench hadal sedimentary biosphere. mSphere 2024; 9:e0033723. [PMID: 38170974 PMCID: PMC10826368 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00337-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep-sea and subseafloor sedimentary environments host heterotrophic microbial communities that contribute to Earth's carbon cycling. However, the potential metabolic functions of individual microorganisms and their biogeographical distributions in hadal ocean sediments remain largely unexplored. In this study, we conducted single-cell genome sequencing on sediment samples collected from six sites (7,445-8,023 m water depth) along an approximately 500 km transect of the Japan Trench during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 386. A total of 1,886 single-cell amplified genomes (SAGs) were obtained, offering comprehensive genetic insights into sedimentary microbial communities in surface sediments (<1 m depth) above the sulfate-methane transition zone along the Japan Trench. Our genome data set included 269 SAGs from Atribacterota JS1, the predominant bacterial clade in these hadal environments. Phylogenetic analysis classified SAGs into nine distinct phylotypes, whereas metagenome-assembled genomes were categorized into only two phylotypes, advancing JS1 diversity coverage through a single cell-based approach. Comparative genomic analysis of JS1 lineages from different habitats revealed frequent detection of genes related to organic carbon utilization, such as extracellular enzymes like clostripain and α-amylase, and ABC transporters of oligopeptide from Japan Trench members. Furthermore, specific JS1 phylotypes exhibited a strong correlation with in situ methane concentrations and contained genes involved in glycine betaine metabolism. These findings suggest that the phylogenomically diverse and novel Atribacterota JS1 is widely distributed in Japan Trench sediment, playing crucial roles in carbon cycling within the hadal sedimentary biosphere.IMPORTANCEThe Japan Trench represents tectonically active hadal environments associated with Pacific plate subduction beneath the northeastern Japan arc. This study, for the first time, documented a large-scale single-cell and metagenomic survey along an approximately 500 km transect of the Japan Trench, obtaining high-quality genomic information on hadal sedimentary microbial communities. Single-cell genomics revealed the predominance of diverse JS1 lineages not recoverable through conventional metagenomic binning. Their metabolic potential includes genes related to the degradation of organic matter, which contributes to methanogenesis in the deeper layers. Our findings enhance understanding of sedimentary microbial communities at water depths exceeding 7,000 m and provide new insights into the ecological role of biogeochemical carbon cycling in the hadal sedimentary biosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kana Jitsuno
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Hoshino
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yohei Nishikawa
- CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Kogawa
- Research organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Mineta
- CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Marine Open Innovation Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Michael Strasser
- Department of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ken Ikehara
- Research Institute of Geology and Geoinformation, AIST Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Lena Maeda
- Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fumio Inagaki
- Research organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruko Takeyama
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - IODP Expedition 386 ScientistsBellanovaPieroBrunetMorganeCaiZhirongCattaneoAntonioHochmuthKatharinaHsiungKanhsiIshizawaTakashiItakiTakuyaJitsunoKanaJohnsonJoelKanamatsuToshiyaKeepMyraKiokaArataMaerzChristianMcHughCeciliaMicallefAaronMinLuoPandeyDhananjaiProustJean NoelRasburyTroyRiedingerNataschaBaoRuiSatoguchiYasufumiSawyerDerekSeibertChloeSilverMaxwellStraubSusanneVirtasaloJoonasWangYonghongWuTing-WeiZellersSarahKöllingMartinHuangJyh-Jaan StevenNagahashiYoshitaka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
- Research organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Marine Open Innovation Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Institute of Geology and Geoinformation, AIST Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba, Japan
- British Geological Survey, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Su L, Teske AP, MacGregor BJ, McKay LJ, Mendlovitz H, Albert D, Ma Z, Li J. Thermal Selection of Microbial Communities and Preservation of Microbial Function in Guaymas Basin Hydrothermal Sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0001823. [PMID: 36847505 PMCID: PMC10057036 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00018-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California is characterized by active seafloor spreading, hydrothermal activity, and organic matter accumulation on the seafloor due to high sedimentation rates. In the hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin, microbial community compositions and coexistence patterns change across steep gradients of temperature, potential carbon sources, and electron acceptors. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and guanine-cytosine percentage analyses reveal that the bacterial and archaeal communities adjust compositionally to their local temperature regime. Functional inference using PICRUSt shows that microbial communities consistently maintain their predicted biogeochemical functions in different sediments. Phylogenetic profiling shows that microbial communities retain distinct sulfate-reducing, methane-oxidizing, or heterotrophic lineages within specific temperature windows. The preservation of similar biogeochemical functions across microbial lineages with different temperature adaptations stabilizes the hydrothermal microbial community in a highly dynamic environment. IMPORTANCE Hydrothermal vent sites have been widely studied to investigate novel bacteria and archaea that are adapted to these extreme environments. However, community-level analyses of hydrothermal microbial ecosystems look beyond the presence and activity of particular types of microbes and examine to what extent the entire community of bacteria and archaea is adapted to hydrothermal conditions; these include elevated temperatures, hydrothermally generated carbon sources, and inorganic electron donors and acceptors that are characteristic for hydrothermal environments. In our case study of bacterial and archaeal communities in hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin, we found that sequence-inferred microbial function was maintained in differently structured bacterial and archaeal communities across different samples and thermal regimes. The resulting preservation of biogeochemical functions across thermal gradients is an important factor in explaining the consistency of the microbial core community in the dynamic sedimentary environment of Guaymas Basin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andreas P. Teske
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barbara J. MacGregor
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Luke J. McKay
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Howard Mendlovitz
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel Albert
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhonglin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Orsi WD. A rapid method for measuring ATP + ADP + AMP in marine sediment. Environ Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36856556 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
In this report, I describe a method for rapid measurement of total adenylate (ATP + ADP + AMP) in marine sediment samples for estimating microbial biomass. A simple 'boil and dilute' method is described here, whereby adding boiled MilliQ water to sediments increases the detection limit for ATP + ADP + AMP up to 100-fold. The lowered detection limit of this method enabled the detection ATP + ADP + AMP in relatively low-biomass sub-seafloor sediment cores with 104 16S rRNA gene copies per gram. Concentrations of ATP + ADP + AMP correlated with 16S rRNA gene concentrations from bacteria and archaea across six different sites that range in water depth from 1 to 6000 m indicating that the ATP + ADP + AMP method can be used as an additional biomass proxy. In deep sea microbial communities, the ratio of ATP + ADP + AMP concentrations to 16S rRNA genes >1 m below seafloor was significantly lower compared to communities in the upper 30 cm of sediment, which may be due to reduced cell sizes and or lower ATP + ADP + AMP concentrations per cell in the deep sea sub-seafloor biosphere. The boil and dilute method for ATP + ADP + AMP is demonstrated here to have a detection limit sufficient for measuring low biomass communities from deep sea sub-seafloor cores. The method can be applied to frozen samples, enabling measurements of ATP + ADP + AMP from frozen sediment cores stored in core repositories from past and future international drilling campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William D Orsi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,GeoBio-CenterLMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vuillemin A. Nitrogen cycling activities during decreased stratification in the coastal oxygen minimum zone off Namibia. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1101902. [PMID: 36846760 PMCID: PMC9950273 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Productive oxygen minimum zones are regions dominated by heterotrophic denitrification fueled by sinking organic matter. Microbial redox-sensitive transformations therein result in the loss and overall geochemical deficit in inorganic fixed nitrogen in the water column, thereby impacting global climate in terms of nutrient equilibrium and greenhouse gases. Here, geochemical data are combined with metagenomes, metatranscriptomes, and stable-isotope probing incubations from the water column and subseafloor of the Benguela upwelling system. The taxonomic composition of 16S rRNA genes and relative expression of functional marker genes are used to explore metabolic activities by nitrifiers and denitrifiers under decreased stratification and increased lateral ventilation in Namibian coastal waters. Active planktonic nitrifiers were affiliated with Candidatus Nitrosopumilus and Candidatus Nitrosopelagicus among Archaea, and Nitrospina, Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, and Nitrospira among Bacteria. Concurrent evidence from taxonomic and functional marker genes shows that populations of Nitrososphaeria and Nitrospinota were highly active under dysoxic conditions, coupling ammonia and nitrite oxidation with respiratory nitrite reduction, but minor metabolic activity toward mixotrophic use of simple nitrogen compounds. Although active reduction of nitric oxide to nitrous oxide by Nitrospirota, Gammaproteobacteria, and Desulfobacterota was tractable in bottom waters, the produced nitrous oxide was apparently scavenged at the ocean surface by Bacteroidota. Planctomycetota involved in anaerobic ammonia oxidation were identified in dysoxic waters and their underlying sediments, but were not found to be metabolically active due to limited availability of nitrite. Consistent with water column geochemical profiles, metatranscriptomic data demonstrate that nitrifier denitrification is fueled by fixed and organic nitrogen dissolved in dysoxic waters, and prevails over canonical denitrification and anaerobic oxidation of ammonia when the Namibian coastal waters and sediment-water interface on the shelf are ventilated by lateral currents during austral winter.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bradley JA, Arndt S, Amend JP, Burwicz-Galerne E, LaRowe DE. Sources and Fluxes of Organic Carbon and Energy to Microorganisms in Global Marine Sediments. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:910694. [PMID: 35875517 PMCID: PMC9301249 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.910694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sediments comprise one of the largest microbial habitats and organic carbon sinks on the planet. However, it is unclear how variations in sediment physicochemical properties impact microorganisms on a global scale. Here we investigate patterns in the distribution of microbial cells, organic carbon, and the amounts of power used by microorganisms in global sediments. Our results show that sediment on continental shelves and margins is predominantly anoxic and contains cells whose power utilization decreases with sediment depth and age. Sediment in abyssal zones contains microbes that use low amounts of power on a per cell basis, across large gradients in sediment depth and age. We find that trends in cell abundance, POC storage and degradation, and microbial power utilization are mainly structured by depositional setting and redox conditions, rather than sediment depth and age. We also reveal distinct trends in per-cell power regime across different depositional settings, from maxima of ∼10–16 W cell–1 in recently deposited shelf sediments to minima of <10–20 W cell–1 in deeper and ancient sediments. Overall, we demonstrate broad global-scale connections between the depositional setting and redox conditions of global sediment, and the amounts of organic carbon and activity of deep biosphere microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A. Bradley
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- *Correspondence: James A. Bradley,
| | - Sandra Arndt
- BGeosys, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan P. Amend
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ewa Burwicz-Galerne
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Douglas E. LaRowe
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao R, Biddle JF, Jørgensen SL. Introducing Candidatus Bathyanammoxibiaceae, a family of bacteria with the anammox potential present in both marine and terrestrial environments. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:42. [PMID: 37938673 PMCID: PMC9723696 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) bacteria are a group of extraordinary bacteria exerting a major impact on the global nitrogen cycle. Their phylogenetic breadth and diversity, however, are not well constrained. Here we describe a new, deep-branching family in the order of Candidatus Brocadiales, Candidatus Bathyanammoxibiaceae, members of which have genes encoding the key enzymes of the anammox metabolism. In marine sediment cores from the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR), the presence of Ca. Bathyanammoxibiaceae was confined within the nitrate-ammonium transition zones with the counter gradients of nitrate and ammonium, coinciding with the predicted occurrence of the anammox process. Ca. Bathyanammoxibiaceae genomes encode the core genetic machinery for the anammox metabolism, including hydrazine synthase for converting nitric oxide and ammonium to hydrazine, and hydrazine dehydrogenase for hydrazine oxidation to dinitrogen gas, and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase for nitrite reduction to nitric oxide. Their occurrences assessed by genomes and 16S rRNA gene sequencings surveys indicate that they are present in both marine and terrestrial environments. By introducing the anammox potential of Ca. Bathyanammoxibiaceae and charactering their ideal niche in marine sediments, our findings suggest that the diversity and abundance of anammox bacteria may be higher than previously thought, and provide important insights on cultivating them in the future to not only assess their biogeochemical impacts but also constrain the emergence and evolutionary history of this functional guild on Earth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, USA.
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Jennifer F Biddle
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, USA
| | - Steffen L Jørgensen
- Centre for Deep Sea Research, Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Microbial Activities and Selection from Surface Ocean to Subseafloor on the Namibian Continental Shelf. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0021622. [PMID: 35404072 PMCID: PMC9088280 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00216-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are hot spots for redox-sensitive nitrogen transformations fueled by sinking organic matter. In comparison, the regulating role of sulfur-cycling microbes in marine OMZs, their impact on carbon cycling in pelagic and benthic habitats, and activities below the seafloor remain poorly understood. Using 13C DNA stable isotope probing (SIP) and metatranscriptomics, we explored microbial guilds involved in sulfur and carbon cycling from the ocean surface to the subseafloor on the Namibian shelf. There was a clear separation in microbial community structure across the seawater-seafloor boundary, which coincided with a 100-fold-increased concentration of microbial biomass and unique gene expression profiles of the benthic communities. 13C-labeled 16S rRNA genes in SIP experiments revealed carbon-assimilating taxa and their distribution across the sediment-water interface. Most of the transcriptionally active taxa among water column communities that assimilated 13C from diatom exopolysaccharides (mostly Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Planctomycetes) also assimilated 13C-bicarbonate under anoxic conditions in sediment incubations. Moreover, many transcriptionally active taxa from the seafloor community (mostly sulfate-reducing Deltaproteobacteria and sulfide-oxidizing Gammaproteobacteria) that assimilated 13C-bicarbonate under sediment anoxic conditions also assimilated 13C from diatom exopolysaccharides in the surface ocean and OMZ waters. Despite strong selection at the sediment-water interface, many taxa related to either planktonic or benthic communities were found to be present at low abundance and actively assimilating carbon under both sediment and water column conditions. In austral winter, mixing of shelf waters reduces stratification and suspends sediments from the seafloor into the water column, potentially spreading metabolically versatile microbes across niches. IMPORTANCE Microbial activities in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) transform inorganic fixed nitrogen into greenhouse gases, impacting the Earth’s climate and nutrient equilibrium. Coastal OMZs are predicted to expand with global change and increase carbon sedimentation to the seafloor. However, the role of sulfur-cycling microbes in assimilating carbon in marine OMZs and related seabed habitats remain poorly understood. Using 13C DNA stable isotope probing and metatranscriptomics, we explore microbial guilds involved in sulfur and carbon cycling from ocean surface to subseafloor on the Namibian shelf. Despite strong selection and differential activities across the sediment-water interface, many active taxa were identified in both planktonic and benthic communities, either fixing inorganic carbon or assimilating organic carbon from algal biomass. Our data show that many planktonic and benthic microbes linked to the sulfur cycle can cross redox boundaries when mixing of the shelf waters reduces stratification and suspends seafloor sediment particles into the water column.
Collapse
|
10
|
Capo E, Monchamp ME, Coolen MJL, Domaizon I, Armbrecht L, Bertilsson S. Environmental paleomicrobiology: using DNA preserved in aquatic sediments to its full potential. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2201-2209. [PMID: 35049133 PMCID: PMC9304175 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In‐depth knowledge about spatial and temporal variation in microbial diversity and function is needed for a better understanding of ecological and evolutionary responses to global change. In particular, the study of microbial ancient DNA preserved in sediment archives from lakes and oceans can help us to evaluate the responses of aquatic microbes in the past and make predictions about future biodiversity change in those ecosystems. Recent advances in molecular genetic methods applied to the analysis of historically deposited DNA in sediments have not only allowed the taxonomic identification of past aquatic microbial communities but also enabled tracing their evolution and adaptation to episodic disturbances and gradual environmental change. Nevertheless, some challenges remain for scientists to take full advantage of the rapidly developing field of paleo‐genetics, including the limited ability to detect rare taxa and reconstruct complete genomes for evolutionary studies. Here, we provide a brief review of some of the recent advances in the field of environmental paleomicrobiology and discuss remaining challenges related to the application of molecular genetic methods to study microbial diversity, ecology, and evolution in sediment archives. We anticipate that, in the near future, environmental paleomicrobiology will shed new light on the processes of microbial genome evolution and microbial ecosystem responses to quaternary environmental changes at an unprecedented level of detail. This information can, for example, aid geological reconstructions of biogeochemical cycles and predict ecosystem responses to environmental perturbations, including in the context of human‐induced global changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Capo
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie-Eve Monchamp
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.,Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL)
| | - Marco J L Coolen
- Western Australia Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre (WA-OIGC), Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia
| | - Isabelle Domaizon
- INRAE, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CARRTEL, 74200 Thonon les Bains, France.,UMR CARRTEL, Pôle R&D ECLA, 74200 Thonon les Bains, France
| | - Linda Armbrecht
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7004, Australia.,Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Stefan Bertilsson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Trouche B, Brandt MI, Belser C, Orejas C, Pesant S, Poulain J, Wincker P, Auguet JC, Arnaud-Haond S, Maignien L. Diversity and Biogeography of Bathyal and Abyssal Seafloor Bacteria and Archaea Along a Mediterranean-Atlantic Gradient. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:702016. [PMID: 34790173 PMCID: PMC8591283 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.702016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seafloor sediments cover the majority of planet Earth and microorganisms inhabiting these environments play a central role in marine biogeochemical cycles. Yet, description of the biogeography and distribution of sedimentary microbial life is still too sparse to evaluate the relative contribution of processes driving this distribution, such as the levels of drift, connectivity, and specialization. To address this question, we analyzed 210 archaeal and bacterial metabarcoding libraries from a standardized and horizon-resolved collection of sediment samples from 18 stations along a longitudinal gradient from the eastern Mediterranean to the western Atlantic. Overall, we found that biogeographic patterns depended on the scale considered: while at local scale the selective influence of contemporary environmental conditions appeared strongest, the heritage of historic processes through dispersal limitation and drift became more apparent at regional scale, and ended up superseding contemporary influences at inter-regional scale. When looking at environmental factors, the structure of microbial communities was correlated primarily with water depth, with a clear transition between 800 and 1,200 meters below sea level. Oceanic basin, water temperature, and sediment depth were other important explanatory parameters of community structure. Finally, we propose increasing dispersal limitation and ecological drift with sediment depth as a probable factor for the enhanced divergence of deeper horizons communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Trouche
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, Microbiology of Extreme Environments Laboratory (LM2E), Plouzané, France
| | | | - Caroline Belser
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Évry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Covadonga Orejas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Stéphane Pesant
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Poulain
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Évry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Patrick Wincker
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Évry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | | | | | - Loïs Maignien
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, Microbiology of Extreme Environments Laboratory (LM2E), Plouzané, France.,Marine Biological Laboratory, Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Garber AI, Ramírez GA, McAllister SM, Orsi W, D'Hondt S. Cryptic metabolisms in anoxic subseafloor sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:696-701. [PMID: 34184398 PMCID: PMC8518782 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial gene expression in anoxic subseafloor sediment was recently explored in the Baltic Sea and the Peru Margin. Our analysis of these data reveals diverse transcripts encoding proteins associated with neutralization of reactive oxygen species, including catalase, which may provide an in situ source of oxygen. We also detect transcripts associated with oxidation of iron and sulfur, and with reduction of arsenate, selenate and nitrate. Given limited input of electron acceptors from outside the system, these results suggest that the microbial communities use an unexpectedly diverse variety of electron acceptors. Products of water radiolysis and their interactions with sediment continuously provide diverse electron acceptors and hydrogen. Cryptic microbial utilization of these oxidized substrates and H2 may be an important mechanism for multi-million-year survival under the extreme energy limitation in subseafloor sediment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo A. Ramírez
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode IslandNarragansettRIUSA
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health SciencesPomonaCAUSA
| | - Sean M. McAllister
- Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWAUSA
| | - William Orsi
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Paleontology and GeobiologyLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunich80333Germany
| | - Steven D'Hondt
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode IslandNarragansettRIUSA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pearman JK, Biessy L, Howarth JD, Vandergoes MJ, Rees A, Wood SA. Deciphering the molecular signal from past and alive bacterial communities in aquatic sedimentary archives. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:877-890. [PMID: 34562066 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lake sediments accumulate information on biological communities thus acting as natural archives. Traditionally paleolimnology has focussed on fossilized remains of organisms, however, many organisms do not leave fossil evidence, meaning major ecosystem components are missing from environmental reconstructions. Many paleolimnology studies now incorporate molecular methods, including investigating microbial communities using environmental DNA (eDNA), but there is uncertainty about the contribution of living organisms to molecular inventories. In the present study, we obtained DNA and RNA inventories from sediment spanning 700 years to investigate the contribution of past and active communities to the molecular signal from sedimentary archives. Additionally, a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene of the photosynthetic cyanobacterial genera Microcystis was used to explore if RNA signals were from legacy RNA. We posit that the RNA signal is a mixture of legacy RNA, dormant cells, living bacteria and modern-day trace level contaminants that were introduced during sampling and preferentially amplified. The presence of legacy RNA was confirmed by the detection of Microcystis in sediments aged to ~200 years ago. Recent comparisons between 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding and traditional paleo proxies showed that past changes in bacterial communities can be reconstructed from sedimentary archives. The recovery of RNA in the present study has provided new insights into the origin of these signals. However, caution is required during analysis and interpretation of 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding data especially in recent sediments were there are potentially active bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John K Pearman
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Laura Biessy
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Andrew Rees
- University of Victoria, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susanna A Wood
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Coskun ÖK, Vuillemin A, Schubotz F, Klein F, Sichel SE, Eisenreich W, Orsi WD. Quantifying the effects of hydrogen on carbon assimilation in a seafloor microbial community associated with ultramafic rocks. ISME JOURNAL 2021; 16:257-271. [PMID: 34312482 PMCID: PMC8692406 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamic models predict that H2 is energetically favorable for seafloor microbial life, but how H2 affects anabolic processes in seafloor-associated communities is poorly understood. Here, we used quantitative 13C DNA stable isotope probing (qSIP) to quantify the effect of H2 on carbon assimilation by microbial taxa synthesizing 13C-labeled DNA that are associated with partially serpentinized peridotite rocks from the equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The rock-hosted seafloor community was an order of magnitude more diverse compared to the seawater community directly above the rocks. With added H2, peridotite-associated taxa increased assimilation of 13C-bicarbonate and 13C-acetate into 16S rRNA genes of operational taxonomic units by 146% (±29%) and 55% (±34%), respectively, which correlated with enrichment of H2-oxidizing NiFe-hydrogenases encoded in peridotite-associated metagenomes. The effect of H2 on anabolism was phylogenetically organized, with taxa affiliated with Atribacteria, Nitrospira, and Thaumarchaeota exhibiting the most significant increases in 13C-substrate assimilation in the presence of H2. In SIP incubations with added H2, an order of magnitude higher number of peridotite rock-associated taxa assimilated 13C-bicarbonate, 13C-acetate, and 13C-formate compared to taxa that were not associated with peridotites. Collectively, these findings indicate that the unique geochemical nature of the peridotite-hosted ecosystem has selected for H2-metabolizing, rock-associated taxa that can increase anabolism under high H2 concentrations. Because ultramafic rocks are widespread in slow-, and ultraslow-spreading oceanic lithosphere, continental margins, and subduction zones where H2 is formed in copious amounts, the link between H2 and carbon assimilation demonstrated here may be widespread within these geological settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ömer K Coskun
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurèle Vuillemin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Florence Schubotz
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Frieder Klein
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Susanna E Sichel
- Departamento de Geologia e Geofísica/LAGEMAR-Universidade Federal Fluminense-Brazil, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Department of Chemistry, Bavarian NMR Center-Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - William D Orsi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany. .,GeoBio-CenterLMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Glass JB, Ranjan P, Kretz CB, Nunn BL, Johnson AM, Xu M, McManus J, Stewart FJ. Microbial metabolism and adaptations in Atribacteria-dominated methane hydrate sediments. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:4646-4660. [PMID: 34190392 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gas hydrates harbour gigatons of natural gas, yet their microbiomes remain understudied. We bioprospected 16S rRNA amplicons, metagenomes, and metaproteomes from methane hydrate-bearing sediments under Hydrate Ridge (offshore Oregon, USA, ODP Site 1244, 2-69 mbsf) for novel microbial metabolic and biosynthetic potential. Atribacteria sequences generally increased in relative sequence abundance with increasing sediment depth. Most Atribacteria ASVs belonged to JS-1-Genus 1 and clustered with other sequences from gas hydrate-bearing sediments. We recovered 21 metagenome-assembled genomic bins spanning three geochemical zones in the sediment core: the sulfate-methane transition zone, the metal (iron/manganese) reduction zone, and the gas hydrate stability zone. We found evidence for bacterial fermentation as a source of acetate for aceticlastic methanogenesis and as a driver of iron reduction in the metal reduction zone. In multiple zones, we identified a Ni-Fe hydrogenase-Na+ /H+ antiporter supercomplex (Hun) in Atribacteria and Firmicutes bins and in other deep subsurface bacteria and cultured hyperthermophiles from the Thermotogae phylum. Atribacteria expressed tripartite ATP-independent transporters downstream from a novel regulator (AtiR). Atribacteria also possessed adaptations to survive extreme conditions (e.g. high salt brines, high pressure and cold temperatures) including the ability to synthesize the osmolyte di-myo-inositol-phosphate as well as expression of K+ -stimulated pyrophosphatase and capsule proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Glass
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Brook L Nunn
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Abigail M Johnson
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manlin Xu
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James McManus
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Frank J Stewart
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Moguel B, Pérez L, Alcaraz LD, Blaz J, Caballero M, Muñoz-Velasco I, Becerra A, Laclette JP, Ortega-Guerrero B, Romero-Oliva CS, Herrera-Estrella L, Lozano-García S. Holocene life and microbiome profiling in ancient tropical Lake Chalco, Mexico. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13848. [PMID: 34226571 PMCID: PMC8257590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Metagenomic and traditional paleolimnological approaches are suitable to infer past biological and environmental changes, however, they are often applied independently, especially in tropical regions. We combined both approaches to investigate Holocene Prokaryote and Eukaryote diversity and microbial metabolic pathways in ancient Lake Chalco, Mexico. Here, we report on diversity among a large number of lineages (36,722 OTUs) and functional diversity (27,636,243 non-clustered predicted proteins, and 6,144 annotated protein-family genes). The most abundant domain is Bacteria (81%), followed by Archaea (15%) and Eukarya (3%). We also determined the diversity of protein families and their relationship to metabolic pathways. The early Holocene (> 11,000 cal years BP) lake was characterized by cool, freshwater conditions, which later became warmer and hyposaline (11,000-6,000 cal years BP). We found high abundances of cyanobacteria, and fungi groups associated with mature forests in these sediments. Bacteria and Archaea include mainly anaerobes and extremophiles that are involved in the sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon cycles. We found evidence for early human impacts, including landscape modifications and lake eutrophication, which began ~ 6,000 cal years BP. Subsaline, temperate conditions were inferred for the past 5,000 years. Finally, we found nitrogen-fixing bacteria and protein-family genes that are linked to contaminated environments, as well as several fungal pathogens of crops in near-surface sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Moguel
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio Internacional de Genoma Humano (LIIGH), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Bioingenieria, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500, Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Liseth Pérez
- Institut für Geosysteme und Bioindikation, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Luis D Alcaraz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jazmín Blaz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita Caballero
- Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Israel Muñoz-Velasco
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Becerra
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan P Laclette
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Claudia S Romero-Oliva
- Centro de Estudios Atitlán, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 7001, Atitlán-Sololá, Guatemala
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
- Institute of Functional Genomics for Abiotic Stress, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79410, USA.
| | - Socorro Lozano-García
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Yao P, Sun C, Li S, Shi X, Zhang XH, Liu J. Vertical diversity and association pattern of total, abundant and rare microbial communities in deep-sea sediments. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:2800-2816. [PMID: 33960545 PMCID: PMC8251536 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial abundance and community composition in marine sediments have been widely explored. However, high‐resolution vertical changes of benthic microbial diversity and co‐occurrence patterns are poorly described. The ecological contributions of abundant and rare species in sediments also remain largely unknown. Here, by analysing microbial populations at 14 depth layers of 10 subseafloor sediment cores (water depth 1,250–3,530 m) obtained in the South China Sea, we provided the vertical profiles of microbial β‐diversity and co‐occurrence influenced by subcommunities of different abundance. These 134 sediment samples were clustered into four groups according to sediment depth (1–2, 6–10, 30–90 and 190–790 cm) with obvious shifts in microbial community compositions. The vertical succession of microorganisms was consistent with redox zonation and influenced by terrestrial inputs. Partitioning of vertical β‐diversity showed extremely high species replacement between deep layers and the surface layer, indicating selection‐induced loss of rare species and dispersal of dormant cells and spores. By contrast, for horizontal β‐diversity, richness of rare species became increasingly significant in deep sediments. Accompanying this β‐diversity profile were clear changes in the association pattern, with microorganisms being less connected in deeper sediment layers, probably reflecting reduced syntrophic interactions. Rare species accounted for an indispensable proportion in the co‐occurrence network, and tended to form complex “small worlds.” The rare subcommunity also responded differently to various environmental factors compared with the abundant subcommunity. Our findings expand current knowledge on vertical changes of marine benthic microbial diversity and their association patterns, emphasizing the potential roles of rare species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuang Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Sanzhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education/College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaochong Shi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lake Sedimentary DNA Research on Past Terrestrial and Aquatic Biodiversity: Overview and Recommendations. QUATERNARY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/quat4010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of lake sedimentary DNA to track the long-term changes in both terrestrial and aquatic biota is a rapidly advancing field in paleoecological research. Although largely applied nowadays, knowledge gaps remain in this field and there is therefore still research to be conducted to ensure the reliability of the sedimentary DNA signal. Building on the most recent literature and seven original case studies, we synthesize the state-of-the-art analytical procedures for effective sampling, extraction, amplification, quantification and/or generation of DNA inventories from sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) via high-throughput sequencing technologies. We provide recommendations based on current knowledge and best practises.
Collapse
|
19
|
Thrash JC. Towards culturing the microbe of your choice. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:36-41. [PMID: 33073476 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Cameron Thrash
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vuillemin A, Kerrigan Z, D'Hondt S, Orsi WD. Exploring the abundance, metabolic potential and gene expression of subseafloor Chloroflexi in million-year-old oxic and anoxic abyssal clay. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:fiaa223. [PMID: 33150943 PMCID: PMC7688785 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloroflexi are widespread in subsurface environments, and recent studies indicate that they represent a major fraction of the communities in subseafloor sediment. Here, we compare the abundance, diversity, metabolic potential and gene expression of Chloroflexi from three abyssal sediment cores from the western North Atlantic Gyre (water depth >5400 m) covering up to 15 million years of sediment deposition, where Chloroflexi were found to represent major components of the community at all sites. Chloroflexi communities die off in oxic red clay over 10-15 million years, and gene expression was below detection. In contrast, Chloroflexi abundance and gene expression at the anoxic abyssal clay site increase below the seafloor and peak in 2-3 million-year-old sediment, indicating a comparably higher activity. Metatranscriptomes from the anoxic site reveal increased expression of Chloroflexi genes involved in cell wall biogenesis, protein turnover, inorganic ion transport, defense mechanisms and prophages. Phylogenetic analysis shows that these Chloroflexi are closely related to homoacetogenic subseafloor clades and actively transcribe genes involved in sugar fermentations, gluconeogenesis and Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in the subseafloor. Concomitant expression of cell division genes indicates that these putative homoacetogenic Chloroflexi are actively growing in these million-year-old anoxic abyssal sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurèle Vuillemin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Zak Kerrigan
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay Campus, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Steven D'Hondt
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay Campus, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - William D Orsi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
- GeoBio-CenterLMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Thomas C, Francke A, Vogel H, Wagner B, Ariztegui D. Weak Influence of Paleoenvironmental Conditions on the Subsurface Biosphere of Lake Ohrid over the Last 515 ka. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111736. [PMID: 33167482 PMCID: PMC7716225 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lacustrine sediments are widely used to investigate the impact of climatic change on biogeochemical cycling. In these sediments, subsurface microbial communities are major actors of this cycling but can also affect the sedimentary record and overprint the original paleoenvironmental signal. We therefore investigated the subsurface microbial communities of the oldest lake in Europe, Lake Ohrid (North Macedonia, Albania), to assess the potential connection between microbial diversity and past environmental change using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Along the upper ca. 200 m of the DEEP site sediment record spanning ca. 515 thousand years (ka), our results show that Atribacteria, Bathyarchaeia and Gammaproteobacteria structured the community independently from each other. Except for the latter, these taxa are common in deep lacustrine and marine sediments due to their metabolic versatility adapted to low energy environments. Gammaproteobacteria were often co-occurring with cyanobacterial sequences or soil-related OTUs suggesting preservation of ancient DNA from the water column or catchment back to at least 340 ka, particularly in dry glacial intervals. We found significant environmental parameters influencing the overall microbial community distribution, but no strong relationship with given phylotypes and paleoclimatic signals or sediment age. Our results support a weak recording of early diagenetic processes and their actors by bulk prokaryotic sedimentary DNA in Lake Ohrid, replaced by specialized low-energy clades of the deep biosphere and a marked imprint of erosional processes on the subsurface DNA pool of Lake Ohrid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Thomas
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Francke
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia;
| | - Hendrik Vogel
- Institute of Geological Sciences & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Bernd Wagner
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Daniel Ariztegui
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|