1
|
Chakraborty A, Kamat SS. Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5470-5504. [PMID: 38607675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) has emerged as yet another important signaling lysophospholipid in mammals, and deregulation in its metabolism has been directly linked to an array of human autoimmune and neurological disorders. It has an indispensable role in several biological processes in humans, and therefore, cellular concentrations of lyso-PS are tightly regulated to ensure optimal signaling and functioning in physiological settings. Given its biological importance, the past two decades have seen an explosion in the available literature toward our understanding of diverse aspects of lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and its association with human diseases. In this Review, we aim to comprehensively summarize different aspects of lyso-PS, such as its structure, biodistribution, chemical synthesis, and SAR studies with some synthetic analogs. From a biochemical perspective, we provide an exhaustive coverage of the diverse biological activities modulated by lyso-PSs, such as its metabolism and the receptors that respond to them in humans. We also briefly discuss the human diseases associated with aberrant lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and posit some future directions that may advance our understanding of lyso-PS-mediated mammalian physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan Z, Hao Y, Huo Y, Cao F, Li L, Xu J, Song Y, Yang K. Modulators for palmitoylation of proteins and small molecules. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116408. [PMID: 38621327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
As an essential form of lipid modification for maintaining vital cellular functions, palmitoylation plays an important role in in the regulation of various physiological processes, serving as a promising therapeutic target for diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. Ongoing research has revealed that palmitoylation can be categorized into three distinct types: N-palmitoylation, O-palmitoylation and S-palmitoylation. Herein this paper provides an overview of the regulatory enzymes involved in palmitoylation, including palmitoyltransferases and depalmitoylases, and discusses the currently available broad-spectrum and selective inhibitors for these enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeshuai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yuchen Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yidan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Longfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Jianmei Xu
- Department of hematopathology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yali Song
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Kan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Xing X, Ma J, Zheng S, Song Q, Zhang P. Deacylases-structure, function, and relationship to diseases. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:959-977. [PMID: 38644468 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Reversible S-acylation plays a pivotal role in various biological processes, modulating protein functions such as subcellular localization, protein stability/activity, and protein-protein interactions. These modifications are mediated by acyltransferases and deacylases, among which the most abundant modification is S-palmitoylation. Growing evidence has shown that this rivalrous pair of modifications, occurring in a reversible cycle, is essential for various biological functions. Aberrations in this process have been associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and immune diseases. This underscores the importance of studying enzymes involved in acylation and deacylation to gain further insights into disease pathogenesis and provide novel strategies for disease treatment. In this Review, we summarize our current understanding of the structure and physiological function of deacylases, highlighting their pivotal roles in pathology. Our aim is to provide insights for further clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Wang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Xiaoke Xing
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Jialin Ma
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Sihao Zheng
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Pingfeng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Das T, Hang HC. Discovery and Characterization of IFITM S-Palmitoylation. Viruses 2023; 15:2329. [PMID: 38140570 PMCID: PMC10747768 DOI: 10.3390/v15122329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITM1, 2 and 3) are important host antiviral defense factors. They are active against viruses like the influenza A virus (IAV), dengue virus (DENV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In this review, we focus on IFITM3 S-palmitoylation, a reversible lipid modification, and describe its role in modulating IFITM3 antiviral activity. Our laboratory discovered S-palmitoylation of IFITMs using chemical proteomics and demonstrated the importance of highly conserved fatty acid-modified Cys residues in IFITM3 antiviral activity. Further studies showed that site-specific S-palmitoylation at Cys72 is important for IFITM3 trafficking to restricted viruses (IAV and EBOV) and membrane-sterol interactions. Thus, site-specific lipid modification of IFITM3 directly regulates its antiviral activity, cellular trafficking, and membrane-lipid interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tandrila Das
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Howard C. Hang
- Departments of Immunology and Microbiology and Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Muñoz JP, Basei FL, Rojas ML, Galvis D, Zorzano A. Mechanisms of Modulation of Mitochondrial Architecture. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1225. [PMID: 37627290 PMCID: PMC10452872 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial network architecture plays a critical role in cellular physiology. Indeed, alterations in the shape of mitochondria upon exposure to cellular stress can cause the dysfunction of these organelles. In this scenario, mitochondrial dynamics proteins and the phospholipid composition of the mitochondrial membrane are key for fine-tuning the modulation of mitochondrial architecture. In addition, several factors including post-translational modifications such as the phosphorylation, acetylation, SUMOylation, and o-GlcNAcylation of mitochondrial dynamics proteins contribute to shaping the plasticity of this architecture. In this regard, several studies have evidenced that, upon metabolic stress, mitochondrial dynamics proteins are post-translationally modified, leading to the alteration of mitochondrial architecture. Interestingly, several proteins that sustain the mitochondrial lipid composition also modulate mitochondrial morphology and organelle communication. In this context, pharmacological studies have revealed that the modulation of mitochondrial shape and function emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases. Here, we review the factors that modulate mitochondrial architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Muñoz
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernanda Luisa Basei
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-871 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - María Laura Rojas
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - David Galvis
- Programa de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad CES, Medellín 050031, Colombia
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen TT, Voeltz GK. An ER phospholipid hydrolase drives ER-associated mitochondrial constriction for fission and fusion. eLife 2022; 11:84279. [PMID: 36448541 PMCID: PMC9725753 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo cycles of fission and fusion at a unified platform defined by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria membrane contact sites (MCSs). These MCSs or nodes co-localize fission and fusion machinery. We set out to identify how ER-associated mitochondrial nodes can regulate both fission and fusion machinery assembly. We have used a promiscuous biotin ligase linked to the fusion machinery, Mfn1, and proteomics to identify an ER membrane protein, ABHD16A, as a major regulator of node formation. In the absence of ABHD16A, fission and fusion machineries fail to recruit to ER-associated mitochondrial nodes, and fission and fusion rates are significantly reduced. ABHD16A contains an acyltransferase motif and an α/β hydrolase domain, and point mutations in critical residues of these regions fail to rescue the formation of ER-associated mitochondrial hot spots. These data suggest a mechanism whereby ABHD16A functions by altering phospholipid composition at ER-mitochondria MCSs. Our data present the first example of an ER membrane protein that regulates the recruitment of both fission and fusion machineries to mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tricia T Nguyen
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Gia K Voeltz
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| |
Collapse
|