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Lin L, Zhao Y, Ma Y, Xi K, Jin Y, Huang X, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Qin Q. Grouper TIM-1 promotes nodavirus infection by inhibiting immune and inflammation response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:109822. [PMID: 39117128 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
T-cell/transmembrane immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing (TIM) protein family has attracted particular attention because of their broad immune functions and the response to viral infections. TIM-1, a member of the TIM family, has been demonstrated to play an important role in viral infections. However, its roles during fish nodavirus infection still remained largely unknown. In this study, a homolog of TIM-1 from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) (EcTIM-1) was identified, and characterized. EcTIM-1 encoded a 217-amino acids protein, containing one Immunoglobulin domain. Homology analysis showed that EcTIM-1 shared 98.62 % and 42.99 % identity to giant grouper (E. lanceolatus) and human (Homo sapiens). Quantitative Real-time PCR analyses indicated that EcTIM-1 was expressed in all examined tissues, with higher expression in liver, spleen, skin, and heart, and was significantly up-regulated in response to red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection. EcTIM-1 was distributed in the cytoplasm, and partly co-localized with Golgi apparatus and lysosomes in vitro. The ectopic expression of EcTIM-1 promoted RGNNV replication by increasing the level of viral genes transcription and protein synthesis. Besides, overexpression of EcTIM-1 decreased the luciferase activity of type I interferon (IFN1), interferon stimulated response elements (ISRE) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) promoters, as well as the transcription of pro-inflammatory factors and interferon related genes. EcTIM-1 significantly suppressed the luciferase activity of IFN1, ISRE and NF-κB promoters evoked by Epinephelus coioides melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (EcMDA5), mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (EcMAVS), stimulator of IFN genes (EcSTING) or TANK-binding kinase 1 (EcTBK1). Collectively, EcTIM-1 negatively regulated interferon and inflammatory response to promote RGNNV infection. These results provide a basis for a better understanding of the innate immune response of TIM-1 in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Lin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiting Ma
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaitao Xi
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunyong Jin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China.
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2
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Oeyen M, Heymann CJF, Jacquemyn M, Daelemans D, Schols D. The Role of TIM-1 and CD300a in Zika Virus Infection Investigated with Cell-Based Electrical Impedance. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:362. [PMID: 39194591 DOI: 10.3390/bios14080362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Orthoflaviviruses cause a major threat to global public health, and no antiviral treatment is available yet. Zika virus (ZIKV) entry, together with many other viruses, is known to be enhanced by phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors such as T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain protein 1 (TIM-1). In this study, we demonstrate for the first time, using cell-based electrical impedance (CEI) biosensing, that ZIKV entry is also enhanced by expression of CD300a, another PS receptor. Furthermore, inhibiting CD300a in immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells partially but significantly inhibits ZIKV replication. As we have previously demonstrated that CEI is a useful tool to study Orthoflavivirus infection in real time, we now use this technology to determine how these PS receptors influence the kinetics of in vitro ZIKV infection. Results show that ZIKV entry is highly sensitive to minor changes in TIM-1 expression, both after overexpression of TIM-1 in infection-resistant HEK293T cells, as well as after partial knockout of TIM-1 in susceptible A549 cells. These results are confirmed by quantification of viral copy number and viral infectivity, demonstrating that CEI is highly suited to study and compare virus-host interactions. Overall, the results presented here demonstrate the potential of targeting this universal viral entry pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel Oeyen
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Clément J F Heymann
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Jacquemyn
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Worku DA. Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE): From Tick to Pathology. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6859. [PMID: 37959323 PMCID: PMC10650904 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral arthropod infection, endemic to large parts of Europe and Asia, and is characterised by neurological involvement, which can range from mild to severe, and in 33-60% of cases, it leads to a post-encephalitis syndrome and long-term morbidity. While TBE virus, now identified as Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis, was originally isolated in 1937, the pathogenesis of TBE is not fully appreciated with the mode of transmission (blood, tick, alimentary), viral strain, host immune response, and age, likely helping to shape the disease phenotype that we explore in this review. Importantly, the incidence of TBE is increasing, and due to global warming, its epidemiology is evolving, with new foci of transmission reported across Europe and in the UK. As such, a better understanding of the symptomatology, diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of TBE is required to inform healthcare professionals going forward, which this review addresses in detail. To this end, the need for robust national surveillance data and randomised control trial data regarding the use of various antivirals (e.g., Galidesivir and 7-deaza-2'-CMA), monoclonal antibodies, and glucocorticoids is required to improve the management and outcomes of TBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Adam Worku
- Infectious Diseases, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Morriston, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK;
- Public Health Wales, 2 Capital Quarter, Cardiff CF10 4BZ, UK
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Coler B, Cervantes O, Li M, Coler C, Li A, Shivakumar M, Every E, Schwartz D, Adams Waldorf KM. Common pathways targeted by viral hemorrhagic fever viruses to infect the placenta and increase the risk of stillbirth. Placenta 2023; 141:2-9. [PMID: 36939178 PMCID: PMC10102255 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are endemic to Africa, South America and Asia and contribute to significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Viruses causing VHFs are typically zoonotic, spreading to humans through livestock, wildlife, or mosquito vectors. Some of the most lethal VHF viruses also impart a high-risk of stillbirth including ebolaviruses, Marburg virus (MARV), Lassa virus (LASV), and Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV). Large outbreaks and epidemics are common, though the impact on the mother, fetus and placenta is understudied from a public health, clinical and basic science perspective. Notably, these viruses utilize ubiquitous cellular surface entry receptors critical for normal placental function to enable viral invasion into multiple key cell types of the placenta and set the stage for maternal-fetal transmission and stillbirth. We employ insights from molecular virology and viral immunology to discuss how trophoblast expression of viral entry receptors for VHF viruses may increase the risk for viral transmission to the fetus and stillbirth. As the frequency of VHF outbreaks is expected to increase with worsening climate change, understanding the pathogenesis of VHF-related diseases in the placenta is paramount to predicting the impact of emerging viruses on the placenta and perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahm Coler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Orlando Cervantes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Miranda Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Amanda Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Megana Shivakumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emma Every
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kristina M Adams Waldorf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Liang Z, Pan J, Xie S, Yang X, Cao R. Interaction between hTIM-1 and Envelope Protein Is Important for JEV Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:1589. [PMID: 37515282 PMCID: PMC10383738 DOI: 10.3390/v15071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic virus, is one of the most important causes of human viral encephalitis. JEV relies on various attachment or entry co-factors to enter host cells. Among these co-factors, hTIM-1 has been identified as an attachment factor to promote JEV infection through interacting with phosphatidylserine (PS) on the viral envelope. However, the reasons why JEV prefers to use hTIM-1 over other PS binding receptors are unknown. Here, we demonstrated that hTIM-1 can directly interact with JEV E protein. The interaction between hTIM-1 and JEV relies on specific binding sites, respectively, ND114115 in the hTIM-1 IgV domain and K38 of the E protein. Furthermore, during the early stage of infection, hTIM-1 and JEV are co-internalized into cells and transported into early and late endosomes. Additionally, we found that the hTIM-1 soluble ectodomain protein effectively inhibits JEV infection in vitro. Moreover, hTIM-1-specific antibodies have been shown to downregulate JEV infectivity in cells. Taken together, these findings suggested that hTIM-1 protein directly interacts with JEV E protein and mediates JEV infection, in addition to the PS-TIM-1 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Liang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junhui Pan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengda Xie
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xingmiao Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruibing Cao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Hattori T, Saito T, Miyamoto H, Kajihara M, Igarashi M, Takada A. Single Nucleotide Variants of the Human TIM-1 IgV Domain with Reduced Ability to Promote Viral Entry into Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102124. [PMID: 36298679 PMCID: PMC9611583 DOI: 10.3390/v14102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 1 (hTIM-1) is known to promote cellular entry of enveloped viruses. Previous studies suggested that the polymorphisms of hTIM-1 affected its function. Here, we analyzed single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of hTIM-1 to determine their ability to promote cellular entry of viruses using pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSIV). We obtained hTIM-1 sequences from a public database (Ensembl genome browser) and identified 35 missense SNVs in 3 loops of the hTIM-1 immunoglobulin variable (IgV) domain, which had been reported to interact with the Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) and phosphatidylserine (PS) in the viral envelope. HEK293T cells transiently expressing wildtype hTIM-1 or its SNV mutants were infected with VSIVs pseudotyped with filovirus or arenavirus GPs, and their infectivities were compared. Eleven of the thirty-five SNV substitutions reduced the efficiency of hTIM-1-mediated entry of pseudotyped VSIVs. These SNV substitutions were found not only around the PS-binding pocket but also in other regions of the molecule. Taken together, our findings suggest that some SNVs of the hTIM-1 IgV domain have impaired ability to interact with PS and/or viral GPs in the viral envelope, which may affect the hTIM-1 function to promote viral entry into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Hattori
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroko Miyamoto
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kajihara
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Manabu Igarashi
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Ayato Takada
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-706-9502; Fax: +81-11-706-7310
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Fishburn AT, Pham OH, Kenaston MW, Beesabathuni NS, Shah PS. Let's Get Physical: Flavivirus-Host Protein-Protein Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847588. [PMID: 35308381 PMCID: PMC8928165 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses comprise a genus of viruses that pose a significant burden on human health worldwide. Transmission by both mosquito and tick vectors, and broad host tropism contribute to the presence of flaviviruses globally. Like all viruses, they require utilization of host molecular machinery to facilitate their replication through physical interactions. Their RNA genomes are translated using host ribosomes, synthesizing viral proteins that cooperate with each other and host proteins to reshape the host cell into a factory for virus replication. Thus, dissecting the physical interactions between viral proteins and their host protein targets is essential in our comprehension of how flaviviruses replicate and how they alter host cell behavior. Beyond replication, even single interactions can contribute to immune evasion and pathogenesis, providing potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Here, we review protein interactions between flavivirus and host proteins that contribute to virus replication, immune evasion, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Fishburn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Oanh H Pham
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Matthew W Kenaston
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Nitin S Beesabathuni
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Priya S Shah
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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