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Pham TV, Hsiao WY, Wang YT, Yeh SD, Wang SW. Protein S-palmitoylation regulates different stages of meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201755. [PMID: 36650056 PMCID: PMC9845910 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational protein S-palmitoylation regulates the localization and function of its target proteins involved in diverse cellular processes including meiosis. In this study, we demonstrate that S-palmitoylation mediated by Erf2-Erf4 and Akr1 palmitoylacyltransferases is required at multiple meiotic stages in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe We find that S-palmitoylation by Erf2-Erf4 is required for Ras1 localization at the cell periphery to enrich at the cell conjugation site for mating pheromone response. In the absence of Erf2 or Erf4, mutant cells are sterile. A role of Akr1 S-palmitoylating the nuclear fusion protein Tht1 to function in karyogamy is identified. We demonstrate that S-palmitoylation stabilizes and localizes Tht1 to ER, interacting with Sey1 ER fusion GTPase for proper meiotic nuclear fusion. In akr1, tht1, or sey1 mutant, meiotic cells, haploid nuclei are unfused with subsequent chromosome segregation defects. Erf2-Erf4 has an additional substrate of the spore coat protein Isp3. In the absence of Erf2, Isp3 is mislocalized from the spore coat. Together, these results highlight the versatility of the cellular processes in which protein S-palmitoylation participates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Vy Pham
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yi Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Dan Yeh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Win Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Pumilio 1 Regulates Virulence on Watermelon through Interacting with the ARP2/3 Complex and Binding to an A-Rich Motif in the 3' UTR of Diverse Transcripts. mBio 2023; 14:e0015723. [PMID: 36856417 PMCID: PMC10128047 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00157-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon), a soilborne phytopathogenic fungus, causes watermelon Fusarium wilt, resulting in serious yield losses worldwide. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of Fon virulence is largely unknown. The present study investigated the biological functions of six FonPUFs, encoding RNA binding Pumilio proteins, and especially explored the molecular mechanism of FonPUF1 in Fon virulence. A series of phenotypic analyses indicated that FonPUFs have distinct but diverse functions in vegetative growth, asexual reproduction, macroconidia morphology, spore germination, cell wall, or abiotic stress response of Fon. Notably, the deletion of FonPUF1 attenuates Fon virulence by impairing the invasive growth and colonization ability inside the watermelon plants. FonPUF1 possesses RNA binding activity, and its biochemical activity and virulence function depend on the RNA recognition motif or Pumilio domains. FonPUF1 associates with the actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex by interacting with FonARC18, which is also required for Fon virulence and plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial functions, such as ATP generation and reactive oxygen species production. Transcriptomic profiling of ΔFonPUF1 identified a set of putative FonPUF1-dependent virulence-related genes in Fon, possessing a novel A-rich binding motif in the 3' untranslated region (UTR), indicating that FonPUF1 participates in additional mechanisms critical for Fon virulence. These findings highlight the functions and molecular mechanism of FonPUFs in Fon virulence. IMPORTANCE Fusarium oxysporum is a devastating plant-pathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilt disease in many economically important crops, including watermelon, worldwide. F. oxysporum f. sp. nievum (Fon) causes serious yield loss in watermelon production. However, the molecular mechanism of Fusarium wilt development by Fon remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that six putative Pumilio proteins-encoding genes (FonPUFs) differentially operate diverse basic biological processes, including stress response, and that FonPUF1 is required for Fon virulence. Notably, FonPUF1 possesses RNA binding activity and associates with the actin-related protein 2/3 complex to control mitochondrial functions. Furthermore, FonPUF1 coordinates the expression of a set of putative virulence-related genes in Fon by binding to a novel A-rich motif present in the 3' UTR of a diverse set of target mRNAs. Our study disentangles the previously unexplored molecular mechanism involved in regulating Fon virulence, providing a possibility for the development of novel strategies for disease management.
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Satoh R, Tanaka T, Yoshida N, Tanaka C, Takasaki T, Sugiura R. Fission Yeast PUF Proteins Puf3 and Puf4 Are Novel Regulators of PI4P5K Signaling. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:163-169. [PMID: 36724944 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (PI4P5K) is a highly conserved enzyme that generates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) by phosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P). Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) its3-1 is a loss-of-function mutation in the essential its3+ gene that encodes a PI4P5K. Its3 regulates cell proliferation, cytokinesis, cell integrity, and membrane trafficking, but little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of Its3. To identify regulators of Its3, we performed a genetic screening utilizing the high-temperature sensitivity (TS) of its3-1 and identified puf3+ and puf4+, encoding Pumilio/PUF family RNA-binding proteins as multicopy suppressors of its3-1 cells. The deletions of the PUF domains in the puf3+ and puf4+ genes resulted in the reduced ability to suppress its3-1, suggesting that the suppression by Puf3 and Puf4 may involve their RNA-binding activities. The gene knockout of Puf4, but not that of Puf3, exacerbated the TS of its3-1. Interestingly, mutant Its3 expression levels both at mRNA and protein levels were lower than those of the wild-type (WT) Its3. Consistently, the overexpression of the mutant its3-1 gene suppressed the its3-1 phenotypes. Notably, Puf3 and Puf4 overexpression increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of both Its3 and Its3-1. Collectively, our genetic screening revealed a functional relationship between the Pumilio/PUF family RNA-binding proteins and PI4P5K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Taemi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Nobuyasu Yoshida
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Chiaki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Teruaki Takasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
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Grousl T, Vojtova J, Hasek J, Vomastek T. Yeast stress granules at a glance. Yeast 2021; 39:247-261. [PMID: 34791685 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of stress granules (SGs), membrane-less organelles that are composed of mainly messenger ribonucleoprotein assemblies, is the result of a conserved evolutionary strategy to cellular stress. During their formation, which is triggered by robust environmental stress, SGs sequester translationally inactive mRNA molecules, which are either forwarded for further processing elsewhere or stored during a period of stress within SGs. Removal of mRNA molecules from active translation and their sequestration in SGs allows preferential translation of stress response transcripts. By affecting the specificity of mRNA translation, mRNA localization and stability, SGs are involved in the overall cellular reprogramming during periods of environmental stress and viral infection. Over the past two decades, we have learned which processes drive SGs assembly, how their composition varies under stress, and how they co-exist with other subcellular organelles. Yeast as a model has been instrumental in our understanding of SG biology. Despite the specific differences between the SGs of yeast and mammals, yeast have been shown to be a valuable tool to the study of SGs in translation-related stress response. This review summarizes the data surrounding SGs that are formed under different stress conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other yeast species. It offers a comprehensive and up-to-date view on these still somewhat mysterious entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Grousl
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vojtova
- Laboratory of Cell Reproduction, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Hasek
- Laboratory of Cell Reproduction, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vomastek
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Beaudoin J, Normant V, Brault A, Henry DJ, Bachand F, Massé É, Chua G, Labbé S. Fission yeast RNA-binding proteins Puf2 and Puf4 are involved in repression of ferrireductase Frp1 expression in response to iron. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:1361-1377. [PMID: 34614242 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study identifies a post-transcriptional mechanism of iron uptake regulation by Puf2 and Puf4 of the Pumilio and FBF (Puf) family of RNA-binding proteins in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Cells expressing Puf2 and Puf4 stimulate decay of the frp1+ mRNA encoding a key enzyme of the reductive iron uptake pathway. Results consistently showed that frp1+ mRNA is stabilized in puf2Δ puf4Δ mutant cells under iron-replete conditions. As a result, puf2Δ puf4Δ cells exhibit an increased sensitivity to iron accompanied by enhanced ferrireductase activity. A pool of GFP-frp1+ 3'UTR RNAs was generated using a reporter gene containing the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of frp1+ that was under the control of a regulatable promoter. Results showed that Puf2 and Puf4 accelerate the destabilization of mRNAs containing the frp1+ 3'UTR which harbors two Pumilio response elements (PREs). Binding studies revealed that the PUM-homology RNA-binding domain of Puf2 and Puf4 expressed in Escherichia coli specifically interacts with PREs in the frp1+ 3'UTR. Using RNA immunoprecipitation in combination with reverse transcription qPCR assays, results showed that Puf2 and Puf4 interact preferentially with frp1+ mRNA under basal and iron-replete conditions, thereby contributing to inhibit Frp1 production and protecting cells against toxic levels of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Beaudoin
- Département de Biochimie et de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Normant
- Département de Biochimie et de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ariane Brault
- Département de Biochimie et de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Darren J Henry
- Biological Sciences, Integrative Cell Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - François Bachand
- Département de Biochimie et de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éric Massé
- Département de Biochimie et de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gordon Chua
- Biological Sciences, Integrative Cell Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simon Labbé
- Département de Biochimie et de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Toyoda Y, Soejima S, Masuda F, Saitoh S. TORC2 inhibition of α-arrestin Aly3 mediates cell surface persistence of S. pombe Ght5 glucose transporter in low glucose. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:268339. [PMID: 34028542 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.257485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the high-affinity hexose transporter, Ght5, must be transcriptionally upregulated and localized to the cell surface for cell division under limited glucose. Although cell-surface localization of Ght5 depends on Target of rapamycin complex 2 (TORC2), the molecular mechanisms by which TORC2 ensures proper localization of Ght5 remain unknown. We performed genetic screening for gene mutations that restore Ght5 localization on the cell surface in TORC2-deficient mutant cells, and identified a gene encoding an uncharacterized α-arrestin-like protein, Aly3/SPCC584.15c. α-arrestins are thought to recruit a ubiquitin ligase to membrane-associated proteins. Consistently, Ght5 is ubiquitylated in TORC2-deficient cells, and this ubiquitylation is dependent on Aly3. TORC2 supposedly enables cell-surface localization of Ght5 by preventing Aly3-dependent ubiquitylation and subsequent ubiquitylation-dependent translocation of Ght5 to vacuoles. Surprisingly, nitrogen starvation, but not glucose depletion, triggers Aly3-dependent transport of Ght5 to vacuoles in S. pombe, unlike budding yeast hexose transporters, vacuolar transport of which is initiated upon changes in hexose concentration. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling the subcellular localization of hexose transporters in response to extracellular stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Toyoda
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Saeko Soejima
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Fumie Masuda
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Saitoh
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
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The Putative RNA-Binding Protein Dri1 Promotes the Loading of Kinesin-14/Klp2 to the Mitotic Spindle and Is Sequestered into Heat-Induced Protein Aggregates in Fission Yeast. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094795. [PMID: 33946513 PMCID: PMC8125374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells form a bipolar spindle during mitosis to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. Proper spindle architecture is established by a set of kinesin motors and microtubule-associated proteins. In most eukaryotes, kinesin-5 motors are essential for this process, and genetic or chemical inhibition of their activity leads to the emergence of monopolar spindles and cell death. However, these deficiencies can be rescued by simultaneous inactivation of kinesin-14 motors, as they counteract kinesin-5. We conducted detailed genetic analyses in fission yeast to understand the mechanisms driving spindle assembly in the absence of kinesin-5. Here, we show that deletion of the dri1 gene, which encodes a putative RNA-binding protein, can rescue temperature sensitivity caused by cut7-22, a fission yeast kinesin-5 mutant. Interestingly, kinesin-14/Klp2 levels on the spindles in the cut7 mutants were significantly reduced by the dri1 deletion, although the total levels of Klp2 and the stability of spindle microtubules remained unaffected. Moreover, RNA-binding motifs of Dri1 are essential for its cytoplasmic localization and function. We have also found that a portion of Dri1 is spatially and functionally sequestered by chaperone-based protein aggregates upon mild heat stress and limits cell division at high temperatures. We propose that Dri1 might be involved in post-transcriptional regulation through its RNA-binding ability to promote the loading of Klp2 on the spindle microtubules.
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Wang YT, Hsiao WY, Wang SW. The fission yeast Pin1 peptidyl-prolyl isomerase promotes dissociation of Sty1 MAPK from RNA polymerase II and recruits Ssu72 phosphatase to facilitate oxidative stress induced transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:805-817. [PMID: 33410907 PMCID: PMC7826279 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pin1 is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that regulates the structure and function of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (Pol II) through interaction with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Rpb1, the largest subunit of Pol II. We demonstrated that this function is important for cellular response to oxidative stress in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In response to oxidative stress, the Atf1 transcription factor targets Sty1, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), to specific stress-responsive promoters. Anchored Sty1 recruits Pol II through direct association with Rpb1-CTD and phosphorylates the reiterated heptad sequence at Serine 5. Pin1 binds phosphorylated CTD to promote dissociation of Sty1 from it, and directly recruits Ssu72 phosphatase to facilitate dephosphorylation of CTD for transcription elongation. In the absence of Pin1, the association of Sty1-Atf1 with Rpb1 persists on stress-responsive promoters failed to generate transcripts of the corresponding genes effectively. The identified characteristic features of the fission yeast Pin1 are conserved in humans. We demonstrated that elevated Pin1 level in cancer cells might help to sustain survival under oxidative stress generated from their altered metabolic pathways. Together, these results suggest a conserved function of Pin1 in cellular response to oxidative stress among eukaryotic cells that might have clinical implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Wang
- Institute of Molecular & Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yi Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular & Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Win Wang
- Institute of Molecular & Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
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Wang C, Yang C, Liu J, Liu Q. NcPuf1 Is a Key Virulence Factor in Neospora caninum. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9121019. [PMID: 33276672 PMCID: PMC7761618 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that infects many mammals and particularly causes abortion in cattle. The key factors in its wide distribution are its virulence and ability to transform between tachyzoite and bradyzoite forms. However, the factors are not well understood. Although Puf protein (named after Pumilio from Drosophila melanogaster and fem-3 binding factor from Caenorhabditis elegans) have a functionally conserved role in promoting proliferation and inhibiting differentiation in many eukaryotes, the function of the Puf proteins in N. caninum is poorly understood. METHODS The CRISPR/CAS9 system was used to identify and study the function of the Puf protein in N. caninum. RESULTS We showed that N. caninum encodes a Puf protein, which was designated NcPuf1. NcPuf1 is found in the cytoplasm in intracellular parasites and in processing bodies (P-bodies), which are reported for the first time in N. caninum in extracellular parasites. NcPuf1 is not needed for the formation of P-bodies in N. caninum. The deletion of NcPuf1 (ΔNcPuf1) does not affect the differentiation in vitro and tissue cysts formation in the mouse brain. However, ΔNcPuf1 resulted in decreases in the proliferative capacity of N. caninum in vitro and virulence in mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the disruption of NcPuf1 does not affect bradyzoites differentiation, but seriously impairs tachyzoite proliferation in vitro and virulence in mice. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the development of attenuated vaccines to prevent the infection of N. caninum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Liu
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Q.L.); Tel.: +86-010-62734496 (Q.L.)
| | - Qun Liu
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Q.L.); Tel.: +86-010-62734496 (Q.L.)
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