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Ma Z, Horrocks J, Mir DA, Cox M, Ruzga M, Rollins J, Rogers AN. The integrated stress response protects against ER stress but is not required for altered translation and lifespan from dietary restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1263344. [PMID: 38161330 PMCID: PMC10755965 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1263344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved integrated stress response (ISR) reduces and redirects mRNA translation in response to certain forms of stress and nutrient limitation. It is activated when kinases phosphorylate a key residue in the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2). General Control Nonderepressible-2 (GCN2) is activated to phosphorylate eIF2α by the presence of uncharged tRNA associated with nutrient scarcity, while protein kinase R-like ER kinase-1 (PERK) is activated during the ER unfolded protein response (UPRER). Here, we investigated the role of the ISR during nutrient limitation and ER stress with respect to changes in protein synthesis, translationally driven mRNA turnover, and survival in Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that, while GCN2 phosphorylates eIF2α when nutrients are restricted, the ability to phosphorylate eIF2α is not required for changes in translation, nonsense-mediated decay, or lifespan associated with dietary restriction (DR). Interestingly, loss of both GCN2 and PERK abolishes increased lifespan associated with dietary restriction, indicating the possibility of other substrates for these kinases. The ISR was not dispensable under ER stress conditions, as demonstrated by the requirement for PERK and eIF2α phosphorylation for decreased translation and wild type-like survival. Taken together, results indicate that the ISR is critical for ER stress and that other translation regulatory mechanisms are sufficient for increased lifespan under dietary restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aric N. Rogers
- MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
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2
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Xinghua L, Yingying H, Shuai W, Guangping L. Anti-aging Effect of Rutin in Caenorhabditis elegans and D-Gal-Induced Aging Mouse Model. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 513:350-354. [PMID: 38066322 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672923700515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans and D-Gal-induced aging mouse model were used to investigate the anti-aging effect of rutin. The effects of different concentrations of rutin (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL) on locomotor behavior, reproductive rate, and lifespan of C. elegans were determined. For establishing the aging mouse model, D-Gal (200 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected into the back of mice, and mice were treated with rutin (200 mg/kg). At the end of treatment, memory and motor function was assessed by nest building test, open field test, and Y-maze. Serum and brain tissue were collected from each mouse to examine the ROS, lipofuscin, MDA, GSH-Px, and SOD levels. The results showed that rutin prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans, and increased the number of eggs of C. elegans (p < 0.05). In addition, rutin significantly improved the exercise capacity in mice (p < 0.05) and significantly reduced brain tissue ROS (p < 0.05) and MDA (p < 0.01) levels. Meanwhile, rutin could enhance the activity of SOD (p < 0.05) and GSH-Px (p < 0.01) significantly in the serum and brain. In summary, rutin exhibits anti-senescence capabilities which could be ascribed to its antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xinghua
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 563099, Zunyi Guizhou, China
| | - Han Yingying
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, 563099, Zunyi Guizhou, China
| | - Wang Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 563099, Zunyi Guizhou, China
| | - Lang Guangping
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 563099, Zunyi Guizhou, China.
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Imanishi D, Zaitsu S, Takahashi S. Regulation of d-Aspartate Oxidase Gene Expression by Pyruvate Metabolism in the Yeast Cryptococcus humicola. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122444. [PMID: 34946046 PMCID: PMC8708985 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
d-Aspartate oxidase (DDO) is a peroxisomal flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of acidic d-amino acids. In the yeast Cryptococcus humicola strain UJ1, the enzyme ChDDO is essential for d-Asp utilization and is expressed only in the presence of d-Asp. Pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate and is involved in the import and activation of certain peroxisomal flavoenzymes in yeasts. In this study, we analyzed the role of Pyc in the expression of ChDDO gene in C. humicola strain UJ1. PYC gene disruption (∆Chpyc1) in strain UJ1 resulted in growth retardation on glucose and NH4Cl medium. The growth was restored by supplying oxaloacetate from l-Asp or α-ketoglutarate by a transaminase. On the other hand, the supply of oxaloacetate from d-Asp by ChDDO was not able to prevent growth retardation because of a significant decrease in ChDDO gene expression at the transcriptional level. The addition of pyruvate significantly decreased ChDDO gene transcription in the ∆Chpyc1 strain but increased the same in the wild-type strain, even though the intracellular pyruvate content was similar in both strains. These results suggest that ChDDO gene expression might be regulated by pyruvate metabolism, as well as by the presence of d-Asp.
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d-Serine and d-Alanine Regulate Adaptive Foraging Behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans via the NMDA Receptor. J Neurosci 2020; 40:7531-7544. [PMID: 32855271 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2358-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
d-Serine (d-Ser) is a coagonist for NMDA-type glutamate receptors and is thus important for higher brain function. d-Ser is synthesized by serine racemase and degraded by d-amino acid oxidase. However, the significance of these enzymes and the relevant functions of d-amino acids remain unclear. Here, we show that in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the serine racemase homolog SERR-1 and d-amino acid oxidase DAAO-1 control an adaptive foraging behavior. Similar to many organisms, C. elegans immediately initiates local search for food when transferred to a new environment. With prolonged food deprivation, the worms exhibit a long-range dispersal behavior as the adaptive foraging strategy. We found that serr-1 deletion mutants did not display this behavior, whereas daao-1 deletion mutants immediately engaged in long-range dispersal after food removal. A quantitative analysis of d-amino acids indicated that d-Ser and d-alanine (d-Ala) are both synthesized and suppressed during food deprivation. A behavioral pharmacological analysis showed that the long-range dispersal behavior requires NMDA receptor desensitization. Long-term pretreatment with d-Ala, as well as with an NMDA receptor agonist, expanded the area searched by wild-type worms immediately after food removal, whereas pretreatment with d-Ser did not. We propose that d-Ser and d-Ala are endogenous regulators that cooperatively induce the long-range dispersal behavior in C. elegans through actions on the NMDA receptor.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In mammals, d-serine (d-Ser) functions as an important neuromodulator of the NMDA-type glutamate receptor, which regulates higher brain functions. In Caenorhabditis elegans, previous studies failed to clearly define the physiological significance of d-Ser, d-alanine (d-Ala), and their metabolic enzymes. In this study, we found that these d-amino acids and their associated enzymes are active during food deprivation, leading to an adaptive foraging behavior. We also found that this behavior involved NMDA receptor desensitization.
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Moroz LL, Sohn D, Romanova DY, Kohn AB. Microchemical identification of enantiomers in early-branching animals: Lineage-specific diversification in the usage of D-glutamate and D-aspartate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:947-952. [PMID: 32439167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
D-amino acids are unique and essential signaling molecules in neural, hormonal, and immune systems. However, the presence of D-amino acids and their recruitment in early animals is mostly unknown due to limited information about prebilaterian metazoans. Here, we performed the comparative survey of L-/D-aspartate and L-/D-glutamate in representatives of four phyla of early-branching Metazoa: cnidarians (Aglantha); placozoans (Trichoplax), sponges (Sycon) and ctenophores (Pleurobrachia, Mnemiopsis, Bolinopsis, and Beroe), which are descendants of ancestral animal lineages distinct from Bilateria. Specifically, we used high-performance capillary electrophoresis for microchemical assays and quantification of the enantiomers. L-glutamate and L-aspartate were abundant analytes in all species studied. However, we showed that the placozoans, cnidarians, and sponges had high micromolar concentrations of D-aspartate, whereas D-glutamate was not detectable in our assays. In contrast, we found that in ctenophores, D-glutamate was the dominant enantiomer with no or trace amounts of D-aspartate. This situation illuminates prominent lineage-specific diversifications in the recruitment of D-amino acids and suggests distinct signaling functions of these molecules early in the animal evolution. We also hypothesize that a deep ancestry of such recruitment events might provide some constraints underlying the evolution of neural and other signaling systems in Metazoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L Moroz
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA; Departments of Neuroscience and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Dosung Sohn
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Daria Y Romanova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - Andrea B Kohn
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
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Biochemical characterization of d-aspartate oxidase from Caenorhabditis elegans: its potential use in the determination of free d-glutamate in biological samples. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140442. [PMID: 32376478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
d-Aspartate oxidase (DDO) is a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-containing flavoprotein that stereospecifically acts on acidic d-amino acids (i.e., free d-aspartate and d-glutamate). Mammalian DDO, which exhibits higher activity toward d-aspartate than d-glutamate, is presumed to regulate levels of d-aspartate in the body and is not thought to degrade d-glutamate in vivo. By contrast, three DDO isoforms are present in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, DDO-1, DDO-2, and DDO-3, all of which exhibit substantial activity toward d-glutamate as well as d-aspartate. In this study, we optimized the Escherichia coli culture conditions for production of recombinant C. elegans DDO-1, purified the protein, and showed that it is a flavoprotein with a noncovalently but tightly attached FAD. Furthermore, C. elegans DDO-1, but not mammalian (rat) DDO, efficiently and selectively degraded d-glutamate in addition to d-aspartate, even in the presence of various other amino acids. Thus, C. elegans DDO-1 might be a useful tool for determining these acidic d-amino acids in biological samples.
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7
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d-Aspartate oxidase: distribution, functions, properties, and biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2883-2895. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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Uda K, Ishizuka N, Edashige Y, Kikuchi A, Radkov AD, Moe LA. Cloning and characterization of a novel aspartate/glutamate racemase from the acorn worm Saccoglossus kowalevskii. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 232:87-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Canfield CA, Bradshaw PC. Amino acids in the regulation of aging and aging-related diseases. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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10
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Saitoh Y, Katane M, Miyamoto T, Sekine M, Sakamoto T, Imai H, Homma H. Secreted d-aspartate oxidase functions in C. elegans reproduction and development. FEBS J 2018; 286:124-138. [PMID: 30387556 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
d-Aspartate oxidase (DDO) is a degradative enzyme that acts stereospecifically on free acidic D-amino acids such as d-aspartate and d-glutamate. d-Aspartate plays an important role in regulating neurotransmission, developmental processes, hormone secretion, and reproductive functions in mammals. In contrast, the physiological role of d-glutamate in mammals remains unclear. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the enzyme responsible for in vivo metabolism of d-glutamate is DDO-3, one of the three DDO isoforms, which is also required for normal self-fertility, hatching, and lifespan. In general, eukaryotic DDOs localize to subcellular peroxisomes in a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1)-dependent manner. However, DDO-3 does not contain a PTS1, but instead has a putative N-terminal signal peptide (SP). In this study, we found that DDO-3 is a secreted DDO, the first such enzyme to be described in eukaryotes. In hermaphrodites, DDO-3 was secreted from the proximal gonadal sheath cells in a SP-dependent manner and transferred to the oocyte surface. In males, DDO-3 was secreted from the seminal vesicle into the seminal fluid in a SP-dependent manner during mating with hermaphrodites. In both sexes, DDO-3 was secreted from the cells where it was produced into the body fluid and taken up by scavenger coelomocytes. Full-length DDO-3 transgene rescued all phenotypes elicited by the deletion of ddo-3, whereas a DDO-3 transgene lacking the putative SP did not. Together, these results indicate that secretion of DDO-3 is essential for its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Saitoh
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Masumi Katane
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Masae Sekine
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Taro Sakamoto
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Imai
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Homma
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Japan
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Murtas G, Sacchi S, Valentino M, Pollegioni L. Biochemical Properties of Human D-Amino Acid Oxidase. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:88. [PMID: 29326945 PMCID: PMC5737116 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
D-amino acid oxidase catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-amino acids. In the brain, the NMDA receptor coagonist D-serine has been proposed as its physiological substrate. In order to shed light on the mechanisms regulating D-serine concentration at the cellular level, we biochemically characterized human DAAO (hDAAO) in greater depth. In addition to clarify the physical-chemical properties of the enzyme, we demonstrated that divalent ions and nucleotides do not affect flavoenzyme function. Moreover, the definition of hDAAO substrate specificity demonstrated that D-cysteine is the best substrate, which made it possible to propose it as a putative physiological substrate in selected tissues. Indeed, the flavoenzyme shows a preference for hydrophobic amino acids, some of which are molecules relevant in neurotransmission, i.e., D-kynurenine, D-DOPA, and D-tryptophan. hDAAO shows a very low affinity for the flavin cofactor. The apoprotein form exists in solution in equilibrium between two alternative conformations: the one at higher affinity for FAD is favored in the presence of an active site ligand. This may represent a mechanism to finely modulate hDAAO activity by substrate/inhibitor presence. Taken together, the peculiar properties of hDAAO seem to have evolved in order to use this flavoenzyme in different tissues to meet different physiological needs related to D-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Murtas
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Sacchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy.,The Protein Factory, Politecnico di Milano and Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Valentino
- The Protein Factory, Politecnico di Milano and Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Milan, Italy.,Sezione Adolfo Quilico, Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy.,The Protein Factory, Politecnico di Milano and Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Milan, Italy
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12
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Triple serine loop region regulates the aspartate racemase activity of the serine/aspartate racemase family. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1743-1754. [PMID: 28744579 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2472-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we cloned and characterized eleven serine and aspartate racemases (SerR and AspR, respectively) from animals. These SerRs and AspRs are not separated by their racemase functions and form a serine/aspartate racemase family cluster based on phylogenetic analysis. Moreover, we have proposed that the AspR-specific triple serine loop region at amino acid positions 150-152 may be responsible for the large AspR activity. In the present study, to test this hypothesis, we prepared and characterized fourteen mutants in this region of animal SerRs and AspRs. The large AspR activity in Acropora and Crassostrea AspR was reduced to <0.04% of wild-type after substitution of the triple serine loop region. Conversely, introducing the triple serine loop region into Acropora, Crassostrea, and Penaeus SerR drastically increased the AspR activity. Those mutants showed similar or higher substrate affinity for aspartate than serine and showed 11-683-fold higher k cat and 28-351-fold higher k cat/K m values for aspartate than serine racemization. Furthermore, we introduced serine residues in all combinations at position 150-152 in mouse SerR. These mutants revealed that a change in the enzyme function from SerR to AspR can be caused by introduction of Ser151 and Ser152, and addition of the third serine residue at position 150 further enhances the enzyme specificity for aspartate due to a decrease in the serine racemase and serine dehydratase activity. Here, we provide convincing evidence that the AspR gene has evolved from the SerR gene by acquisition of the triple serine loop region.
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Katane M, Saitoh Y, Uchiyama K, Nakayama K, Saitoh Y, Miyamoto T, Sekine M, Uda K, Homma H. Characterization of a homologue of mammalian serine racemase fromCaenorhabditis elegans: the enzyme is not critical for the metabolism of serinein vivo. Genes Cells 2016; 21:966-77. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Katane
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Yuki Saitoh
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Keita Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Yasuaki Saitoh
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Masae Sekine
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Kouji Uda
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Kochi University; 2-5-1 Akebono-cho Kochi-shi Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Homma
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kitasato University; 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
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14
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Distribution and evolution of the serine/aspartate racemase family in invertebrates. Amino Acids 2015; 48:387-402. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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15
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Edwards C, Canfield J, Copes N, Brito A, Rehan M, Lipps D, Brunquell J, Westerheide SD, Bradshaw PC. Mechanisms of amino acid-mediated lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans. BMC Genet 2015; 16:8. [PMID: 25643626 PMCID: PMC4328591 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the role of amino acids in cellular signaling pathways, especially as it pertains to pathways that regulate the rate of aging. However, it has been shown that methionine or tryptophan restriction extends lifespan in higher eukaryotes and increased proline or tryptophan levels increase longevity in C. elegans. In addition, leucine strongly activates the TOR signaling pathway, which when inhibited increases lifespan. RESULTS Therefore each of the 20 proteogenic amino acids was individually supplemented to C. elegans and the effects on lifespan were determined. All amino acids except phenylalanine and aspartate extended lifespan at least to a small extent at one or more of the 3 concentrations tested with serine and proline showing the largest effects. 11 of the amino acids were less potent at higher doses, while 5 even decreased lifespan. Serine, proline, or histidine-mediated lifespan extension was greatly inhibited in eat-2 worms, a model of dietary restriction, in daf-16/FOXO, sir-2.1, rsks-1 (ribosomal S6 kinase), gcn-2, and aak-2 (AMPK) longevity pathway mutants, and in bec-1 autophagy-defective knockdown worms. 8 of 10 longevity-promoting amino acids tested activated a SKN-1/Nrf2 reporter strain, while serine and histidine were the only amino acids from those to activate a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) reporter strain. Thermotolerance was increased by proline or tryptophan supplementation, while tryptophan-mediated lifespan extension was independent of DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf2 signaling, but tryptophan and several related pyridine-containing compounds induced the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and an ER stress response. High glucose levels or mutations affecting electron transport chain (ETC) function inhibited amino acid-mediated lifespan extension suggesting that metabolism plays an important role. Providing many other cellular metabolites to C. elegans also increased longevity suggesting that anaplerosis of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle substrates likely plays a role in lifespan extension. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of C. elegans with 18 of the 20 individual amino acids extended lifespan, but lifespan often decreased with increasing concentration suggesting hormesis. Lifespan extension appears to be caused by altered mitochondrial TCA cycle metabolism and respiratory substrate utilization resulting in the activation of the DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf2 stress response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - John Canfield
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Neil Copes
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Andres Brito
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Muhammad Rehan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - David Lipps
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Jessica Brunquell
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Sandy D Westerheide
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Patrick C Bradshaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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Synthesis and biological activity of 5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-oxazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:313-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Maezawa T, Tanaka H, Nakagawa H, Ono M, Aoki M, Matsumoto M, Ishida T, Horiike K, Kobayashi K. Planarian D-amino acid oxidase is involved in ovarian development during sexual induction. Mech Dev 2014; 132:69-78. [PMID: 24434168 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying switching from asexual to sexual reproduction, namely sexual induction, we developed an assay system for sexual induction in the hermaphroditic planarian species Dugesia ryukyuensis. Ovarian development is the initial and essential step in sexual induction, and it is followed by the formation of other reproductive organs, including the testes. Here, we report a function of a planarian D-amino acid oxidase, Dr-DAO, in the control of ovarian development in planarians. Asexual worms showed significantly more widespread expression of Dr-DAO in the parenchymal space than did sexual worms. Inhibition of Dr-DAO by RNAi caused the formation of immature ovaries. In addition, we found that feeding asexual worms 5 specific D-amino acids could induce the formation of immature ovaries that are similar to those observed in Dr-DAO knockdown worms, suggesting that Dr-DAO inhibits the formation of immature ovaries by degrading these D-amino acids. Following sexual induction, Dr-DAO expression was observed in the ovaries. The knockdown of Dr-DAO during sexual induction delayed the maturation of the other reproductive organs, as well as ovary. These findings suggest that Dr-DAO acts to promote ovarian maturation and that complete sexual induction depends on the production of mature ovaries. We propose that Dr-DAO produced in somatic cells prevents the onset of sexual induction in the asexual state, and then after sexual induction, the female germ cells specifically produce Dr-DAO to induce full maturation. Therefore, Dr-DAO produced in somatic and female germline cells may play different roles in sexual induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Maezawa
- Division of General Education and Research, Tsuyama National College of Technology, 624-1 Numa, Tsuyama, Okayama 708-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Haruka Nakagawa
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mizuki Ono
- Department of Biological Sciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Manabu Aoki
- Department of Biological Sciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Midori Matsumoto
- Department of Biological Sciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ishida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kihachiro Horiike
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kobayashi
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan.
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Structure–function relationships in human d-amino acid oxidase. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1833-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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