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Fristot E, Bessede T, Camacho Rufino M, Mayonove P, Chang HJ, Zuniga A, Michon AL, Godreuil S, Bonnet J, Cambray G. An optimized electrotransformation protocol for Lactobacillus jensenii. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280935. [PMID: 36800374 PMCID: PMC9937494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineered bacteria are promising candidates for in situ detection and treatment of diseases. The female uro-genital tract presents several pathologies, such as sexually transmitted diseases or genital cancer, that could benefit from such technology. While bacteria from the gut microbiome are increasingly engineered, the use of chassis isolated from the female uro-genital resident flora has been limited. A major hurdle to implement the experimental throughput required for efficient engineering in these non-model bacteria is their low transformability. Here we report an optimized electrotransformation protocol for Lactobacillus jensenii, one the most widespread species across vaginal microflora. Starting from classical conditions, we optimized buffers, electric field parameters, cuvette type and DNA quantity to achieve an 80-fold improvement in transformation efficiency, with up to 3.5·103 CFUs/μg of DNA in L. jensenii ATCC 25258. We also identify several plasmids that are maintained and support reporter gene expression in L. jensenii. Finally, we demonstrate that our protocol provides increased transformability in three independent clinical isolates of L. jensenii. This work will facilitate the genetic engineering of L. jensenii and enable its use for addressing challenges in gynecological healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Fristot
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Bessede
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
| | - Miguel Camacho Rufino
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
| | - Pauline Mayonove
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
| | - Hung-Ju Chang
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Zuniga
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Laure Michon
- Diversité des Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes Insectes (DGIMI), University of Montpellier, INRAE UMR1333, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Godreuil
- Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve—CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Bonnet
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (GC); (JB)
| | - Guillaume Cambray
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, INSERM U 1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Montpellier, France
- Diversité des Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes Insectes (DGIMI), University of Montpellier, INRAE UMR1333, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (GC); (JB)
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Potential of New Bacterial Strains for a Multiproduct Bioprocess Application: A Case Study Using Isolates of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Pineapple Silage of Costa Rican Agro-Industrial Residues. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8080361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with potential for the development of multi-product processes are necessary for the valorization of side streams obtained during the biotechnological production of lactic acid (LA). In this study, 14 LAB strains isolated from pineapple agro-industrial residues in Costa Rica were cultivated in microplates, and the six strains with the highest growth were selected for fermentation in microbioreactors to evaluate the production of LA and acetic acid, and the consumption of glucose. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 6710 and L. paracasei 6714 presented the highest OD600 values (1.600 and 1.602, respectively); however, the highest LA (in g/L) production was observed in L. paracasei 6714 (14.50 ± 0.20) and 6712 (14.67 ± 0.42). L. paracasei 6714 was selected for bioreactor fermentation and reached a maximum OD600 of 6.3062 ± 0.141, with a LA yield of 84.9% and a productivity of 1.06 g L−1 h−1 after 21 h of fermentation. Finally, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) detection from biomass was performed and the antimicrobial activity of the compounds present in the supernatant was studied. LTA was detected from L. paracasei 6714 biomass, and its supernatant caused significant inhibition of foodborne surrogate microorganisms. LAB isolated from pineapple silage have biotechnological potential for multiproduct processes.
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Eating Fermented: Health Benefits of LAB-Fermented Foods. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112639. [PMID: 34828920 PMCID: PMC8620815 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are involved in producing a considerable number of fermented products consumed worldwide. Many of those LAB fermented foods are recognized as beneficial for human health due to probiotic LAB or their metabolites produced during food fermentation or after food digestion. In this review, we aim to gather and discuss available information on the health-related effects of LAB-fermented foods. In particular, we focused on the most widely consumed LAB-fermented foods such as yoghurt, kefir, cheese, and plant-based products such as sauerkrauts and kimchi.
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High-efficiency genome editing based on endogenous CRISPR-Cas system enhances cell growth and lactic acid production in Pediococcus acidilactici. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0094821. [PMID: 34347520 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00948-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediococcus acidilactici is commonly used for pediocin production and lactic acid fermentation. However, high-efficiency genome editing tool is unavailable for this species. In this study, we constructed the endogenous subtype II-A CRISPR-Cas system-based genome interference plasmids which carried a "Repeat-Spacer-Repeat" cassette in the pMG36e shuttle vector. These plasmids exhibited self-interference activities in P. acidilactici LA412. Then, the genome-editing plasmids were constructed by cloning the upstream/downstream donor DNA into the corresponding interference plasmids to exert high-efficiency markerless gene deletion, gene integration, and point mutation in P. acidilactici LA412. We found that endogenous CRISPR-mediated depletion of the native plasmids enhanced the cell growth, and integration of a L-lactate dehydrogenase gene into the chromosome both enhanced cell growth and lactic acid production. IMPORTANCE A rapid and precise genome editing tool will promote the practical application of Pediococcus acidilactici, one type of lactic acid bacteria with excellent stress tolerance and probiotic characteristics. This study established a high-efficiency endogenous CRISPR-Cas system-based genome editing tool for P. acidilactici and achieved different genetic manipulations, including gene deletion, gene insertion, mononucleotide mutation, and endogenous plasmid depletion. The engineered strain edited by this tool showed significant advantages in cell growth and lactic acid fermentation. Therefore, our tool can satisfy the requirements for genetic manipulations of P. acidilactici, thus making it a sophisticated chassis species for synthetic biology and bioindustry.
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Tang Q, Hao Y, Wang L, Lu C, Li M, Si Z, Wu X, Lu Z. Characterization of a bacterial strain Lactobacillus paracasei LP10266 recovered from an endocarditis patient in Shandong, China. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:183. [PMID: 34134621 PMCID: PMC8210379 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lactobacilli are often recognized as beneficial partners in human microbial environments. However, lactobacilli also cause diseases in human, e.g. infective endocarditis (IE), septicaemia, rheumatic vascular disease, and dental caries. Therefore, the identification of potential pathogenic traits associated with lactobacilli will facilitate the prevention and treatment of the diseases caused by lactobacilli. Herein, we investigated the genomic traits and pathogenic potential of a novel bacterial strain Lactobacillus paracasei LP10266 which has caused a case of IE. We isolated L. paracasei LP10266 from an IE patient’s blood to perform high-throughput sequencing and compared the genome of strain LP10266 with those of closely related lactobacilli to determine genes associated with its infectivity. We performed the antimicrobial susceptibility testing on strain LP10266. We assessed its virulence by mouse lethality and serum bactericidal assays as well as its serum complement- and platelet-activating ability. The biofilm formation and adherence of strain LP10266 were also studied. Results Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain LP10266 was allied with L. casei and L. paracasei. Genomic studies revealed two spaCBA pilus clusters and one novel exopolysaccharides (EPS) cluster in strain LP10266, which was sensitive to ampicillin, penicillin, levofloxacin, and imipenem, but resistant to cefuroxime, cefazolin, cefotaxime, meropenem, and vancomycin. Strain LP10266 was nonfatal and sensitive to serum, capable of activating complement 3a and terminal complement complex C5b-9 (TCC). Strain LP10266 could not induce platelet aggregation but displayed a stronger biofilm formation ability and adherence to human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared to the standard control strain L. paracasei ATCC25302. Conclusion The genome of a novel bacterial strain L. paracasei LP10266 was sequenced. Our results based on various types of assays consistently revealed that L. paracasei LP10266 was a potential pathogen to patients with a history of cardiac disease and inguinal hernia repair. Strain LP10266 showed strong biofilm formation ability and adherence, enhancing the awareness of L. paracasei infections. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02253-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yingying Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zaifeng Si
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dezhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Dezhou, 253000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoben Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhiming Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Virdis C, Sumby K, Bartowsky E, Jiranek V. Lactic Acid Bacteria in Wine: Technological Advances and Evaluation of Their Functional Role. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:612118. [PMID: 33519768 PMCID: PMC7843464 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.612118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the main role of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in wine is to conduct the malolactic fermentation (MLF). This process can increase wine aroma and mouthfeel, improve microbial stability and reduce the acidity of wine. A growing number of studies support the appreciation that LAB can also significantly, positively and negatively, contribute to the sensorial profile of wine through many different enzymatic pathways. This is achieved either through the synthesis of compounds such as diacetyl and esters or by liberating bound aroma compounds such as glycoside-bound primary aromas and volatile thiols which are odorless in their bound form. LAB can also liberate hydroxycinnamic acids from their tartaric esters and have the potential to break down anthocyanin glucosides, thus impacting wine color. LAB can also produce enzymes with the potential to help in the winemaking process and contribute to stabilizing the final product. For example, LAB exhibit peptidolytic and proteolytic activity that could break down the proteins causing wine haze, potentially reducing the need for bentonite addition. Other potential contributions include pectinolytic activity, which could aid juice clarification and the ability to break down acetaldehyde, even when bound to SO2, reducing the need for SO2 additions during winemaking. Considering all these findings, this review summarizes the novel enzymatic activities of LAB that positively or negatively affect the quality of wine. Inoculation strategies, LAB improvement strategies, their potential to be used as targeted additions, and technological advances involving their use in wine are highlighted along with suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Virdis
- Department of Wine Science, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Krista Sumby
- Department of Wine Science, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Eveline Bartowsky
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Lallemand Australia, Edwardstown, SA, Australia
| | - Vladimir Jiranek
- Department of Wine Science, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
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Gusmao-Silva G, Aguiar SLF, Miranda MCG, Guimarães MA, Alves JL, Vieira AT, Cara DC, Miyoshi A, Azevedo VA, Oliveira RP, Faria AMC. Hsp65-Producing Lactococcocus lactis Prevents Antigen-Induced Arthritis in Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:562905. [PMID: 33072101 PMCID: PMC7538670 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.562905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral tolerance is the physiological process that enables the immune system to differentiate between harmless dietary and microbiota antigens from pathogen derived antigens. It develops at the mucosal surfaces and can result in local and systemic regulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Translation of these benefits to the clinical practice faces limitations involving specificity and doses of antigen as well as regimens of feeding. To circumvent these problems, we developed a recombinant Hsp65 delivered by the acid lactic bacteria Lactococcus lactis NCDO 2118 directy in the intestinal mucosa. Hsp65 is a ubiquitous protein overexpressed in inflamed tissues and capable of inducing immunoregulatory mechanisms. L. lactis has probiotic properties and is commonly and safely used in dairy products. In this study, we showed that continuous delivery of HSP65 in the gut mucosa by L. lactis is a potent tolerogenic stimulus inducing regulatory CD4+LAP+ T cells that prevented collagen-induced and methylated bovine serum albumin-induced arthritis in mice. Clinical and histological signs of arthritis were inhibited as well as levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and IFN-γ, serum titers of anti-collagen antibodies and rheumatoid factor. Oral administration of L. lactis induced alterations in microbiota composition toward an increased abundance of anaerobic bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Tolerance to HSP65 and arthritis prevention induced by the recombinant L. lactis was associated with increase in IL-10 production by B cells and it was dependent on LAP+ T cells, IL-10 and TLR2 signaling. Therefore, HSP65-producing treatment induced effective tolerance and prevented arthritis development suggesting it can be used as a therapeutic tool for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Gusmao-Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sarah Leão Fiorini Aguiar
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Andrade Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lima Alves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Angélica Thomaz Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Denise Carmona Cara
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anderson Miyoshi
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, São Paulo, Brazil
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Spacova I, Dodiya HB, Happel AU, Strain C, Vandenheuvel D, Wang X, Reid G. Future of Probiotics and Prebiotics and the Implications for Early Career Researchers. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1400. [PMID: 32714306 PMCID: PMC7344207 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunities in the fields of probiotics and prebiotics to a great degree stem from what we can learn about how they influence the microbiota and interact with the host. We discuss recent insights, cutting-edge technologies and controversial results from the perspective of early career researchers innovating in these areas. This perspective emerged from the 2019 meeting of the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics - Student and Fellows Association (ISAPP-SFA). Probiotic and prebiotic research is being driven by genetic characterization and modification of strains, state-of-the-art in vitro, in vivo, and in silico techniques designed to uncover the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on their targets, and metabolomic tools to identify key molecules that mediate benefits on the host. These research tools offer unprecedented insights into the functionality of probiotics and prebiotics in the host ecosystem. Young scientists need to acquire these diverse toolsets, or form inter-connected teams to perform comprehensive experiments and systematic analysis of data. This will be critical to identify microbial structure and co-dependencies at body sites and determine how administered probiotic strains and prebiotic substances influence the host. This and other strategies proposed in this review will pave the way for translating the health benefits observed during research into real-life outcomes. Probiotic strains and prebiotic products can contribute greatly to the amelioration of global issues threatening society. The intent of this article is to provide an early career researcher's perspective on where the biggest opportunities lie to advance science and impact human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Spacova
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hemraj B. Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anna-Ursula Happel
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Conall Strain
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Dieter Vandenheuvel
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Xuedan Wang
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gregor Reid
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Industrial biotechnology is a continuously expanding field focused on the application of microorganisms to produce chemicals using renewable sources as substrates. Currently, an increasing interest in new versatile processes, able to utilize a variety of substrates to obtain diverse products, can be observed. A robust microbial strain is critical in the creation of such processes. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used to produce a wide variety of chemicals with high commercial interest. Lactic acid (LA) is the most predominant industrial product obtained from LAB fermentations, and its production is forecasted to rise as the result of the increasing demand of polylactic acid. Hence, the creation of new ways to revalorize LA production processes is of high interest and could further enhance its economic value. Therefore, this review explores some co-products of LA fermentations, derived from LAB, with special focus on bacteriocins, lipoteichoic acid, and probiotics. Finally, a multi-product process involving LA and the other compounds of interest is proposed.
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Vilander AC, Dean GA. Adjuvant Strategies for Lactic Acid Bacterial Mucosal Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7040150. [PMID: 31623188 PMCID: PMC6963626 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are Gram-positive, acid-tolerant bacteria that have long been used in food fermentation and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). LAB are a part of a normal microbiome and act as probiotics, improving the gastrointestinal microbiome and health when consumed. An increasing body of research has shown the importance of the microbiome on both mucosal immune heath and immune response to pathogens and oral vaccines. Currently, there are few approved mucosal vaccines, and most are attenuated viruses or bacteria, which necessitates cold chain, carries the risk of reversion to virulence, and can have limited efficacy in individuals with poor mucosal health. On account of these limitations, new types of mucosal vaccine vectors are necessary. There has been increasing interest and success in developing recombinant LAB as next generation mucosal vaccine vectors due to their natural acid and bile resistance, stability at room temperature, endogenous activation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and the development of molecular techniques that allow for manipulation of their genomes. To enhance the immunogenicity of these LAB vaccines, numerous adjuvant strategies have been successfully employed. Here, we review these adjuvant strategies and their mechanisms of action which include: Toll-like receptor ligands, secretion of bacterial toxins, secretion of cytokines, direct delivery to antigen presenting cells, and enterocyte targeting. The ability to increase the immune response to LAB vaccines gives them the potential to be powerful mucosal vaccine vectors against mucosal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C Vilander
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Gregg A Dean
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Börner RA, Kandasamy V, Axelsen AM, Nielsen AT, Bosma EF. Genome editing of lactic acid bacteria: opportunities for food, feed, pharma and biotech. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5251984. [PMID: 30561594 PMCID: PMC6322438 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review provides a perspective of traditional, emerging and future applications of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and how genome editing tools can be used to overcome current challenges in all these applications. It also describes available tools and how these can be further developed, and takes current legislation into account. Genome editing tools are necessary for the construction of strains for new applications and products, but can also play a crucial role in traditional ones, such as food and probiotics, as a research tool for gaining mechanistic insights and discovering new properties. Traditionally, recombinant DNA techniques for LAB have strongly focused on being food-grade, but they lack speed and the number of genetically tractable strains is still rather limited. Further tool development will enable rapid construction of multiple mutants or mutant libraries on a genomic level in a wide variety of LAB strains. We also propose an iterative Design–Build–Test–Learn workflow cycle for LAB cell factory development based on systems biology, with ‘cell factory’ expanding beyond its traditional meaning of production strains and making use of genome editing tools to advance LAB understanding, applications and strain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa A Börner
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vijayalakshmi Kandasamy
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Amalie M Axelsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alex T Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Elleke F Bosma
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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12
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Effects of new technology on the current manufacturing process of yogurt-to increase the overall marketability of yogurt. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Alexander LM, Oh JH, Stapleton DS, Schueler KL, Keller MP, Attie AD, van Pijkeren JP. Exploiting Prophage-Mediated Lysis for Biotherapeutic Release by Lactobacillus reuteri. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e02335-18. [PMID: 30683744 PMCID: PMC6498169 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02335-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri has the potential to be developed as a microbial therapeutic delivery platform because of an established safety profile, health-promoting properties, and available genome editing tools. Here, we show that L. reuteri VPL1014 exhibits a low mutation rate compared to other Gram-positive bacteria, which we expect will contribute to the stability of genetically modified strains. VPL1014 encodes two biologically active prophages, which are induced during gastrointestinal transit. We hypothesized that intracellularly accumulated recombinant protein can be released following bacteriophage-mediated lysis. To test this, we engineered VPL1014 to accumulate leptin, our model protein, inside the cell. In vitro prophage induction of recombinant VPL1014 released leptin into the extracellular milieu, which corresponded to bacteriophage production. We also employed a plasmid system that does not require antibiotic in the growth medium for plasmid maintenance. Collectively, these data provide new avenues to exploit native prophages to deliver therapeutic molecules.IMPORTANCE Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been explored as potential biotherapeutic vehicles for the past 20 years. To secrete a therapeutic in the extracellular milieu, one typically relies on the bacterial secretion pathway, i.e., the Sec pathway. Overexpression of a secreted protein can overload the secretory pathway and impact the organism's fitness, and optimization of the signal peptide is also required to maximize the efficiency of the release of mature protein. Here, we describe a previously unexplored approach to release therapeutics from the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri We demonstrate that an intracellularly accumulated recombinant protein is released following prophage activation. Since we recently demonstrated that prophages are activated during gastrointestinal transit, we propose that this method will provide a straightforward and efficient approach to deliver therapeutics in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Alexander
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jee-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Donald S Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mark P Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alan D Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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14
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Harnessing CRISPR-Cas systems for precision engineering of designer probiotic lactobacilli. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 56:163-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Jiang B, Li Z, Ou B, Duan Q, Zhu G. Targeting ideal oral vaccine vectors based on probiotics: a systematical view. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3941-3953. [PMID: 30915504 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09770-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have great potential to be engineered into oral vaccine delivery systems, which can facilitate elicitation of mucosal immunity without latent risks of pathogenicity. Combined with the progressive understanding of probiotics and the mucosal immune system as well as the advanced biotechniques of genetic engineering, the development of promising oral vaccine vectors based on probiotics is available while complicated and demanding. Therefore, a systematical view on the design of practical probiotic vectors is necessary, which will help to logically analyze and resolve the problems that might be neglected during our exploration. Here, we attempt to systematically summarize several fundamental issues vital to the effectiveness of the vector of probiotics, including the stability of the engineered vectors, the optimization of antigen expression, the improvement of colonization, and the enhancement of immunoreactivity. We also compared the existent strategies and some developing ones, attempting to figure out an optimal strategy that might deserve to be referred in the future development of oral vaccine vectors based on probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Bingming Ou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Qiangde Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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16
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Douillard FP, de Vos WM. Biotechnology of health-promoting bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107369. [PMID: 30876799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been an increasing scientific and public interest in bacteria that may positively contribute to human gut health and well-being. This interest is reflected by the ever-increasing number of developed functional food products containing health-promoting bacteria and reaching the market place as well as by the growing revenue and profits of notably bacterial supplements worldwide. Traditionally, the origin of probiotic-marketed bacteria was limited to a rather small number of bacterial species that mostly belong to lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. Intensifying research efforts on the human gut microbiome offered novel insights into the role of human gut microbiota in health and disease, while also providing a deep and increasingly comprehensive understanding of the bacterial communities present in this complex ecosystem and their interactions with the gut-liver-brain axis. This resulted in rational and systematic approaches to select novel health-promoting bacteria or to engineer existing bacteria with enhanced probiotic properties. In parallel, the field of gut microbiomics developed into a fertile framework for the identification, isolation and characterization of a phylogenetically diverse array of health-promoting bacterial species, also called next-generation therapeutic bacteria. The present review will address these developments with specific attention for the selection and improvement of a selected number of health-promoting bacterial species and strains that are extensively studied or hold promise for future food or pharma product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- François P Douillard
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Stephanie MC, Santiago JV. Genetically Engineered Probiotics and Therapies Applications. BIONATURA 2019. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/cs/2019.02.01.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea of using probiotics for health benefits in the human body is still biased since there is skepticism and since it is quite a new field of research. However, recent experiments are trying to debate that given the naturality of their consumption and the successful results from in vitro tests in combination with other therapies. Food scientists are eager to take advantage of the known beneficial properties of probiotics by using engineering technologies in order to enhance them. Using CRISPR systems present in lactobacilli aids in strain identification, while offering information on phylogeny and ecological interactions. Also, the use of genetic engineering tools could also allow the use of plasmid vaccines to prevent antibiotic resistance and the development of synthetic probiotics as microbial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jijón V. Santiago
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, YachayTech, Urcuquí. Ecuador
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18
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del Rio B, Redruello B, Fernandez M, Martin MC, Ladero V, Alvarez MA. Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Live Delivery System for the in situ Production of Nanobodies in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract. Front Microbiol 2019. [PMCID: PMC6346216 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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19
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Beyond Structure: Defining the Function of the Gut Using Omic Approaches for Rational Design of Personalized Therapeutics. mSystems 2018; 3:mSystems00173-17. [PMID: 29556548 PMCID: PMC5853185 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00173-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, microbiome research has focused on defining the structures associated with different disease states in multiple systems, but has fallen short on showing causation. Prior omic studies have generated many new hypotheses, but moving forward we need to start dissecting the function of each bacterium alone and in concert with complex bacterial communities in well-characterized systems. Over the next 5 years, we need a merging of new omic technologies for exploratory studies with classical bacterial genetics, bacterial physiology, protein engineering, and biochemistry to further define the biochemical mechanisms of the gut microbiota. The future of the systems microbiology field will focus on targeted engineering and editing of the microbiome to alter function, which will be leveraged to prevent and/or treat human diseases. This perspective will focus on my contribution to the microbiome field, both past and present, and where I think research in the field is headed in the near future.
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