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Cagri Ozturk R, Feyzioglu AM, Capkin E, Yildiz I, Altinok I. Effects of environmental parameters on spatial and temporal distribution of marine microbial communities in the southern Black Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 195:106344. [PMID: 38232435 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The Black Sea is a unique environment with strong and permanent vertical stratification, with a thin layer of oxic zone above and a permanent anoxic zone below. Few high-throughput genomic surveys have been conducted to examine microbiota in the Black Sea. Yet, there is no study on the seasonal and vertical variation in microbial community compositions, driving forces and mechanisms of community assembly. In this study, seasonal, vertical, and spatial microbial assemblages were studied in terms of diversity, abundance, and community structure using 16S rRNA metabarcoding. 16S rRNA metabarcoding confirmed seasonal changes in microbial communities and the presence of distinct microbial groups among different water layers. Taxa belonging to Cyanobiaceae contributed a large fraction of the total biomass and were the most abundant autotrophic bacteria found across the whole water column, including hydrogen sulfide-containing anoxic zone. Temperature, salinity, water density, conductivity, light, chlorophyll-a, O2, NO3, NH3, PO4, Si, and H2S had a significant influence on the vertical bacterial community assemblages. The copper mine discharge system at 180 m did not affect microbial community structure and composition. Temperature seemed to be a primary factor in the variance between shallow depths. In conclusion, the lack of light, low dissolved oxygen levels, and low temperature do not restrict microbial diversity, as proven by the higher diversity observed in deeper zones. Wastewater in Black Sea region may be discharged into the Black Sea to depth of 180 m or deeper without impacting microbial ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafet Cagri Ozturk
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61530, Trabzon, Türkiye; Aquatic Animal Health and Molecular Genetics (AQUANETIC) Lab, Department of Chemistry C Block, 61080, Ortahisar, Trabzon, Türkiye.
| | - Ali Muzaffer Feyzioglu
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61530, Trabzon, Türkiye.
| | - Erol Capkin
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61530, Trabzon, Türkiye.
| | - Ilknur Yildiz
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Türkiye.
| | - Ilhan Altinok
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61530, Trabzon, Türkiye; Aquatic Animal Health and Molecular Genetics (AQUANETIC) Lab, Department of Chemistry C Block, 61080, Ortahisar, Trabzon, Türkiye; Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Türkiye.
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Zhao G, Zhou Z, Li Z, Liu S, Shan Z, Cheng F, Zhou W, Mao J. The differences in main components, enzyme activity, and microbial composition between substandard and normal jiuyao. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4293-4302. [PMID: 36750373 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jiuyao is a critical fermenting agent in traditional huangjiu brewing and it affects the quality of huangjiu. To assess and monitor the quality of jiuyao effectively we determined the differences between two common types of substandard jiuyao and normal jiuyao, with emphasis on the comparison of the main components, enzymatic activity, volatile substances, and microbial community structure. RESULTS The water and starch content, acid protease activity, and esterification capability of type I substandard jiuyao were significantly lower than those of the normal jiuyao, and the protein contents, liquefaction capability, glycation capability, and neutral protease activity were substantially higher than those of the normal jiuyao. Type II substandard jiuyao had significantly lower indices than the normal group except for the starch and free amino acid content, which were significantly higher than those of the normal jiuyao. Significant differences were observed between substandard and normal jiuyao in the content of 21 volatile compounds. 2-Pentylfuran could be used as a marker of substandard jiuyao. Type I substandard jiuyao contained a higher abundance of aerobic Pediococcus and Marivita in comparison with the normal jiuyao. Type II substandard jiuyao consisted of a greater abundance of anaerobic Mucor and Staphylococcus. CONCLUSION The quality of jiuyao was significantly affected by the water content. Due to the different abundances of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in jiuyao, oxygen may also be an important parameter affecting the quality of jiuyao. We believe that the present study offers a theoretical basis for the evaluation and control of the quality of jiuyao. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Zhao
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163000, China
| | - Zhilei Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Huangjiu, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Zhijiang Li
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163000, China
| | - Shuangping Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Huangjiu, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Zhichu Shan
- Zhejiang Pagoda Brand Shaoxing Rice Wine Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Zhejiang Pagoda Brand Shaoxing Rice Wine Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Weibiao Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian Mao
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163000, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Huangjiu, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
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Wu Q, Ji M, Yu S, Li J, Wu X, Ju X, Liu B, Zhang X. Distinct Denitrifying Phenotypes of Predominant Bacteria Modulate Nitrous Oxide Metabolism in Two Typical Cropland Soils. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02085-7. [PMID: 35918440 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02085-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in agroecosystems result from variations in microbial composition and soil properties. However, the microbial mechanisms of differential N2O emissions in agricultural soils are less understood. In this study, microcosm experiments using two main types of Chinese cropland soil were conducted with different supplements of nitrate and glucose to simulate the varying nitrogen and carbon conditions. The results show that N2O accumulation in black soil (BF) was significantly higher than that in fluvo-aquic soil (FF) independent of nitrogen and carbon. The abundance of most denitrifying genes was significantly higher in FF, but the ratios of genes responsible for N2O production (nirS and nirK) to the gene responsible for N2O reduction (nosZ) did not significantly differ between the two soils. However, the soils showed obvious discrepancies in denitrifying bacterial communities, with a higher abundance of N2O-generating bacteria in BF and a higher abundance of N2O-reducing bacteria in FF. High accumulation of N2O was verified by the bacterial isolates of Rhodanobacter predominated in BF due to a lack of N2O reduction capacity. The dominance of Castellaniella and others in FF led to a rapid reduction in N2O and thus less N2O accumulation, as demonstrated when the corresponding isolate was inoculated into the studied soils. Therefore, the different phenotypes of N2O metabolism of the distinct denitrifiers predominantly colonized the two soils, causing differing N2O accumulation. This knowledge would help to develop a strategy for mitigating N2O emissions in agricultural soils by regulating the phenotypes of N2O metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Siyu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaotang Ju
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Eigemann F, Rahav E, Grossart HP, Aharonovich D, Sher D, Vogts A, Voss M. Phytoplankton exudates provide full nutrition to a subset of accompanying heterotrophic bacteria via carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus allocation. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2467-2483. [PMID: 35146867 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Marine bacteria rely on phytoplankton exudates as carbon sources (DOCp). Yet, it is unclear to what extent phytoplankton exudates also provide nutrients such as phytoplankton-derived N and P (DONp, DOPp). We address these questions by mesocosm exudate addition experiments with spent media from the ubiquitous pico-cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus to bacterial communities in contrasting ecosystems in the Eastern Mediterranean - a coastal and an open-ocean, oligotrophic station with and without on-top additions of inorganic nutrients. Inorganic nutrient addition did not lower the incorporation of exudate DONp, nor did it reduce alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that bacterial communities are able to exclusively cover their nitrogen and phosphorus demands with organic forms provided by phytoplankton exudates. Approximately half of the cells in each ecosystem took up detectable amounts of Prochlorococcus-derived C and N, yet based on 16S rRNA sequencing different bacterial genera were responsible for the observed exudate utilization patterns. In the coastal community, several phylotypes of Aureimarina, Psychrosphaera and Glaciecola responded positively to the addition of phytoplankton exudates, whereas phylotypes of Pseudoalteromonas increased and dominated the open-ocean communities. Together, our results strongly indicate that phytoplankton exudates provide coastal and open-ocean bacterial communities with organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and that phytoplankton exudate serve a full-fledged meal for the accompanying bacterial community in the nutrient-poor eastern Mediterranean. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Eigemann
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde.,Water quality engineering, Technical University of Berlin
| | - Eyal Rahav
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa
| | | | | | - Daniel Sher
- Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University Haifa
| | - Angela Vogts
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde
| | - Maren Voss
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde
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